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编写说明:2026版江西省(三校生对口升学考试)二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态,聚焦高频考点,精讲精练,共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的18个专题,助力考生高效复习。同时,为构建完整学习体系,每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题,满足多样化学习需求。
本专题是2026版江西省(三校生对口升学考试)二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第5个专题,内容为动词、动词短语。
2026版江西省(三校生对口升学考试)二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》
专题5 动词、动词短语(讲义)
考题探究
考查内容
1.动词词义辨析:常见动词及近义动词在具体语境中的区别(如:spend/cost/take/pay, bring/take/fetch/carry)。
2.动词短语辨析:以同一个动词(如:look, give, turn, put, take)构成的不同短语的用法。
3.感官动词与使役动词(如:see sb. do/doing, make sb. do)。
考试题型
单项选择和完形填空
考点预测
· 动词与介词/副词的固定搭配(如:take care of, look forward to, pay attention to)
· 同一动词构成的不同短语(如:turn on/off/up/down)
· 近义动词在具体语境中的辨析(如:spend/cost/take/pay)
· 感官动词后接宾语补足语的用法(do与doing的区别)
必考点清单
1、 近义动词词义辨析
辨析词
核心区别
例句对比
spend/cost/take/pay
spend 人+spend+时间/金钱+on sth./(in) doing sth.
I spent 100 yuan on the book.
cost 物+cost+人+金钱
The book cost me 100 yuan.
take It takes/took+人+时间+to do sth.
It took me two hours to finish the work.
pay 人+pay+金钱+for+物
I paid 100 yuan for the book.
bring/take/fetch/carry
bring 带来(从别处拿到说话处)
Bring your dictionary to school tomorrow.
take 带走(从说话处拿到别处)
Please take this book to the library.
fetch 去取来(往返)
Fetch a doctor quickly.
carry 搬运/携带(无方向)
He carried the box on his shoulder.
hear/listen
hear 听见(结果)
I heard someone singing in the next room.
listen 听(动作,常跟to)
Please listen to me carefully.
see/look/watch/read
see 看见(结果)
Can you see the bird in the tree?
look 看(动作,常跟at)
Look at the blackboard.
watch 观看(移动的事物/节目)
We watched a football game yesterday.
read 阅读(书/报)
He is reading a newspaper.
say/speak/talk/tell
say 说(强调说的内容,及物动词)
He said "hello" to me.
speak 说(后接语言/在会上发言)
He can speak English.
talk 交谈(不及物,常跟to/with/about)
They are talking about the movie.
tell 告诉(tell sb. sth./tell a story)
Tell me the truth.
win/beat
win 赢(后接比赛/奖项/战争)
Our team won the game.
beat 打败(后接对手/敌人)
We beat them in the game.
reach/arrive/get
reach 到达(及物动词,直接加地点)
We reached the station at 8:00.
arrive 到达(不及物,加at/in接地点)
We arrived at the station at 8:00.
get 到达(不及物,加to接地点)
We got to the station at 8:00.
2、 高频动词短语归类
动词
短语搭配
例句
look
look for (寻找), look after (照顾), look out (小心), look up (查阅/仰望), look forward to (期待 + doing)
I look forward to hearing from you.
turn
turn on (打开), turn off (关闭), turn up (调高/出现), turn down (调低/拒绝), turn out (结果是), turn into (变成)
Please turn down the music. It's too noisy.
put
put on (穿上/上演), put off (推迟), put away (收好), put up (张贴/搭建), put out (扑灭)
The sports meet will be put off if it rains tomorrow.
take
take off (起飞/脱下), take care of (照顾), take part in (参加), take place (发生), take up (开始从事/占据)
He took part in the English competition.
give
give up (放弃), give in (屈服), give away (捐赠/泄露), give out (分发/耗尽), give back (归还)
Don't give up. You're so close.
get
get up (起床), get on/off (上/下车), get along/on with (与...相处), get through (通过/接通电话), get over (克服)
How are you getting along with your classmates?
come
come from (来自), come true (实现), come up with (想出), come out (出来/出版), come across (偶然遇见)
Your dream will come true.
go
go on (继续), go over (复习), go through (经历), go abroad (出国), go wrong (出错)
Let's go over the new words again.
make
make friends (交朋友), make progress (取得进步), make a decision (做决定), make sure (确保), make up (编造/组成)
I have made great progress in English.
do
do well in (在...做得好), do with (处理), do one's best (尽力), do harm to (对...有害)
You should do your best to pass the exam.
3、 感官动词与使役动词
1.感官动词:see/watch/notice/hear/feel + 宾语 + do/doing
do:表示看到/听到动作的全过程或经常发生。
doing:表示看到/听到动作正在进行。
例句:I often see him play basketball on the playground. (经常看到)
例句:When I passed the room, I heard someone singing. (正在唱)
2.使役动词:let/make/have + 宾语 + do (让某人做某事)
make sb. do:使某人做某事
let sb. do:让某人做某事
have sb. do:让某人做某事
例句:The teacher made him stand outside the classroom.
例句:Let me help you.
3.注意:使役动词make和感官动词see/watch/hear等用于被动语态时,后面的to要恢复。
主动:The boss made them work 12 hours a day.
被动:They were made to work 12 hours a day.
4、 动词的固定搭配
类型
固定搭配
例句
动词+介词
look at (看), listen to (听), talk about (谈论), think of/about (考虑/认为), agree with (同意), belong to (属于), depend on (依靠)
This book belongs to me.
动词+副词
pick up (捡起/接人), find out (查明), think over (仔细考虑), wake up (醒来)
Can you pick me up at the airport?
动词+名词+介词
take care of (照顾), pay attention to (注意), make use of (利用), catch up with (赶上), get along with (与...相处)
You should pay attention to your pronunciation.
动词+不定式
want to do (想要做), decide to do (决定做), hope to do (希望做), refuse to do (拒绝做), plan to do (计划做)
He decided to give up smoking.
动词+动名词
enjoy doing (喜欢做), finish doing (完成做), practice doing (练习做), mind doing (介意做), avoid doing (避免做)
Have you finished reading that book?
动词+宾语+不定式
ask sb. to do (要求某人做), tell sb. to do (告诉某人做), want sb. to do (想要某人做), invite sb. to do (邀请某人做)
The teacher asked us to hand in our homework.
10分钟小测
1. My mother ______ 50 yuan ______ this new dress yesterday.
A. paid; for
B. spent; in
C. took; on
D. cost; for
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意:我妈妈昨天花了50元买了这条新裙子。主语是人(My mother),表示“花费金钱”,且句末有for,应使用“paid... for”结构。spend的搭配是“spend... on sth.”;take常用it作形式主语;cost主语通常是物。故选A。
2. Please ______ the light. It's too dark in the room.
A. turn off
B. turn on
C. turn up
D. turn down
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:请打开灯。房间里太黑了。A. turn off 关闭;B. turn on 打开;C. turn up 调高;D. turn down 调低。根据“It's too dark”可知,需要打开灯。故选B。
3.Don't forget ______ the door when you leave.
A. lock
B. locking
C. to lock
D. locked
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:离开时别忘了锁门。forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事(事情还没做);forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(事情已经做了)。根据语境“when you leave”,门还没锁,所以是“忘记要锁”。故选C。
4.We are looking forward to ______ you again.
A. meet
B. meeting
C. met
D. meets
【答案】B
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:我们期待着再次见到你。look forward to 中的 to 是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词(doing)。故选B。
5.The film made all of us ______.
A. cry
B. to cry
C. cried
D. crying
【答案】A
【详解】考查使役动词。句意:这部电影让我们所有人都哭了。使役动词make后接宾语,再接省略to的动词不定式作宾补,即“make sb. do sth.”表示“使某人做某事”。故选A。
6.When I passed the classroom, I heard someone ______ English songs.
A. sing
B. sang
C. singing
D. to sing
【答案】C
【详解】考查感官动词。句意:当我经过教室时,我听见有人在唱英文歌。hear sb. doing sth. 表示“听见某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行。根据“When I passed”可知,是经过时听见正在发生的动作。故选C。
7.It's time for class. Please ______ your English books.
A. take off
B. put on
C. take out
D. put away
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:上课时间到了。请拿出你们的英语书。A. take off 脱下/起飞;B. put on 穿上;C. take out 拿出;D. put away 收好。根据“It's time for class”可知,上课需要拿出书。故选C。
8.My grandmother ______ us stories every day when I was young.
A. said
B. spoke
C. talked
D. told
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意:我小时候,祖母每天给我们讲故事。tell stories 是固定搭配,意为“讲故事”。tell sb. stories 告诉某人故事。故选D。
9.The meeting has been ______ until next Friday.
A. put on
B. put off
C. put up
D. put away
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:会议已被推迟到下周五。A. put on 穿上/上演;B. put off 推迟;C. put up 张贴/搭建;D. put away 收好。根据“until next Friday”可知是推迟了。故选B。
10.Can you help me ______ who broke the window?
A. look for
B. find
C. find out
D. look at
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意:你能帮我查明是谁打破了窗户吗?A. look for 寻找(强调动作);B. find 找到(强调结果);C. find out 查明/弄清(真相);D. look at 看。根据“who broke the window”可知是要查明真相。故选C。
经典试题解析
1.(24-25高一下·江西·期末)Can you tell me how to ________ the problem?
A.do
B.do with
C.deal
D.deal with
【答案】D
【知识点分析】考查动词短语辨析。deal with意为“处理,应付”,常与how连用;do with意为“处置,对待”,常与what连用。句中出现了how to,后面有宾语the problem,故用deal with。
【易错分析】易误选B(do with),忽略了do with须与what搭配使用的规则;误选C(deal),未注意deal是不及物动词,不能直接接宾语。
【命题创新点】结合日常交际场景(请求帮助解决问题),考查how与what引导的宾语从句中动词短语的选择,强调搭配的准确性。
【解题关键】看到how to,立即想到deal with;看到what to,则用do with。
2.(24-25高一下·江西赣州·期末)Your plan ________ great.
A.feels
B.sounds
C.looks
D.Are
【答案】B
【知识点分析】考查系动词辨析。sound意为“听起来”,后接形容词作表语。主语Your plan是单数,谓语应用第三人称单数形式sounds。根据语境,“计划”是通过“听”来感受其好坏,故用sounds。
【易错分析】易误选C(looks),混淆“看起来”与“听起来”的语义区别;误选D(are),未注意主谓一致,主语plan是单数。
【命题创新点】通过评价计划的日常对话,考查系动词的语义区别及主谓一致的基本规则。
【解题关键】判断主语与表语之间的逻辑关系:计划是“听”到的,不是“看”到的。
3.(25-26高二上·江西赣州·期中)I want to ______ my thanks to them for their help.
A.refuse
B.interview
C.express
D.Invent
【答案】C
【知识点分析】考查动词词义辨析。express意为“表达”,常用于express sth. to sb.结构,意为“向某人表达……”。此处指表达感谢,符合语境。
【易错分析】易误选A(refuse拒绝)、B(interview采访)或D(invent发明),未能根据“thanks”和“for their help”推断出“表达感谢”的逻辑关系。
【命题创新点】结合感谢他人的真实语境,考查动词与名词的搭配能力。
【解题关键】抓住关键词“thanks”,锁定搭配“express thanks”。
4.(23-24高三下·江西·职教高考)We should ________ the friendship that we have developed in the past years.
A.value
B.lack
C.invent
D.Meet
【答案】A
【知识点分析】考查动词词义辨析。value意为“珍惜,重视”,符合“珍惜友谊”的语境。that引导定语从句修饰friendship。
【易错分析】易误选B(lack缺乏)、C(invent发明)或D(meet遇见),未能根据“friendship”和“developed in the past years”推断出“应当珍惜”的情感色彩。
【命题创新点】结合人际交往主题,考查动词在情感表达中的准确运用。
【解题关键】根据语境“多年来建立的友谊”,应选择积极意义的动词“珍惜”。
5.(25-26高一上·江西赣州·月考)If you ________ the price of this online store ________ that one, you’ll find it’s much cheaper here.
A.compare; with
B.pay; for
C.think; about
D.look; for
【答案】A
【知识点分析】考查动词短语辨析。compare...with...意为“把……和……进行比较”,符合“比较两家店价格”的语境。
【易错分析】易误选B(pay; for付款)、C(think; about考虑)或D(look; for寻找),未能根据后半句“你会发现这里便宜得多”推断出“比较”的逻辑关系。
【命题创新点】结合网购比价的现实生活场景,考查动词短语在实际语境中的运用。
【解题关键】看到“much cheaper”提示有比较关系,锁定compare...with...。
6.(25-26高三上·江西赣州·期中)—Do you know the meaning of “one belt and one road”?
—Let me ________ the words in the dictionary.
A. look for
B.look at
C.look after
D.look up
【答案】D
【知识点分析】考查动词短语辨析。look up意为“(在词典、参考书等中)查阅”,符合“在词典里查词”的语境。
【易错分析】易误选A(look for寻找),混淆“寻找某物”与“查阅资料”的区别;误选B(look at看)或C(look after照顾),未能准确理解语境。
【命题创新点】结合“一带一路”热点词汇,考查学习场景中“查阅词典”的准确表达。
【解题关键】看到“in the dictionary”,直接锁定“查阅”用look up。
7.(24-25高一下·江西·期末)You should ________ your hotel as early as possible, or there may be no rooms left.
A.show
B.book
C.leave
D.Keep
【答案】B
【知识点分析】考查动词词义辨析。book意为“预订”,符合“尽早预订酒店,否则没房间”的语境。
【易错分析】易误选C(leave离开),逻辑相反;误选A(show展示)或D(keep保持),无法与“no rooms left”构成合理逻辑。
【命题创新点】结合出行预订酒店的生活场景,考查动词在因果关系语境中的准确运用。
【解题关键】根据后半句“否则可能没有房间”,推断前半句应是“预订”房间。
8.(2024高三·专题练习)—Let’s ________ computer games.
—That ________ great.
A. playing; looks
B.to play; look
C.plays; sound
D.play; sounds
【答案】D
【知识点分析】考查使役动词和系动词。Let's后接动词原形,构成Let's do sth.结构,意为“我们做某事吧”。答语主语That是第三人称单数,系动词用sounds,意为“听起来”。
【易错分析】易误选A(playing; looks),忽略Let's后接动词原形的规则;误选B(to play; look),混淆不定式与动词原形;误选C(plays; sound),忽略主谓一致。
【命题创新点】结合日常邀约与回应的对话场景,考查使役动词结构和主谓一致的综合运用。
【解题关键】牢记Let's + 动词原形;主语that指代提议,谓语用第三人称单数。
9.(24-25高一下·江西赣州·期末)— What ________ you do last Saturday?
— We ________ for a picnic in the forest.
A. do; go
B. did; go
C. did; went
D. do;went
【答案】C
【知识点分析】考查一般过去时的特殊疑问句和陈述句。根据时间状语last Saturday可知句子用一般过去时。疑问句中,特殊疑问词后加助动词did,谓语动词用原形do;答语中谓语动词用过去式went。
【易错分析】易误选B(did; go),疑问句正确但答语应用过去式;误选A(do; go)或D(do; went),未识别last Saturday这一过去时间标志。
【命题创新点】结合周末活动的日常话题,考查一般过去时的时态一致性。
【解题关键】看到last Saturday,确定一般过去时;问句用did + 原形,答句用过去式。
10.(24-25高一下·江西赣州·期末)—You know much about the film. You saw it not long ago?
—Yes. I ________ see it yesterday. It’s wonderful.
A. didn’t
B. did
C. do
D.have
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【答案】B
【知识点分析】考查强调谓语动词。do/does/did + 动词原形用于强调谓语动词,意为“确实,的确”。根据时间状语yesterday,助动词用did,强调“昨天确实看了”。
【易错分析】易误选A(didn't),与肯定回答“Yes”矛盾;误选C(do),时态错误;误选D(have),构成现在完成时,与yesterday矛盾。
【命题创新点】结合观影感受的对话场景,考查强调句型在口语交际中的运用。
【解题关键】肯定回答Yes后,需要用肯定形式的强调;yesterday提示过去时,用did + 动词原形。
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专题归纳小结
一、动词词义辨析
(1)高频场景:日常生活(花费、带/拿、听说读写看、说)。
(2)记忆要点:抓主语(人/物)、抓宾语(时间/金钱/语言/人)、抓结构(有无to do/doing/双宾语)。
(3)三步法:
① 分析句子结构,确定主语和宾语。
② 回忆核心动词的固定搭配(spend...on, pay...for, tell a story, speak English)。
③ 代入语境,验证合理性。
二、动词短语辨析
(1)核心动词:look, turn, put, take, give, get, come, go, make, do。
(2)记忆要点:结合介词/副词本身含义进行联想记忆。
up:向上/完成(give up放弃,look up查阅,turn up调高)
off:离开/关闭(take off起飞/脱下,turn off关闭,put off推迟)
on:打开/继续(turn on打开,put on穿上,go on继续)
out:出去/分发(look out小心,give out分发,put out扑灭)
down:向下/降低(turn down调低/拒绝,write down写下)
三、感官动词与使役动词
(1)感官动词 + 宾语 + do:看到/听到全过程(I saw him fall off the bike.)
(2)感官动词 + 宾语 + doing:看到/听到正在进行(I saw him playing basketball.)
(3)使役动词 + 宾语 + do:让某人做某事(The boss made us work 10 hours.)
(4)注意被动:被动语态中,to要恢复(We were made to work 10 hours.)
四、动词固定搭配
(1)动词+介词:重点区分及物与不及物(arrive at/in, listen to, wait for)。
(2)动词+副词:注意代词作宾语时的位置(pick it up, think it over)。
(3)动词+名词+介词:常作为整体记忆(take care of, pay attention to)。
(4)动词+to do:表目的、将来(want, decide, hope, plan)。
(5)动词+doing:表习惯、已完成(enjoy, finish, practice, mind)。
五、专题复习要求
(1)词汇积累:整理每个核心动词的短语家族,结合例句记忆,制作短语卡片。
(2)规则强化:背诵感官动词和使役动词的用法口诀:“感使动词真奇怪,to在句中藏起来;主动句中to消失,被动句中to回来。”
(3)真题训练:针对江西对口升学考试,每天完成10道动词专项题,总结错题规律(如忽略语境、混淆短语、忘记固定搭配)。重点关注2023-2024年真题中反复出现的动词(set, look, turn, put, take)。
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