河南天立教育2025-2026学年度高二下学期开学联考英语试题

河南省天立教育2025—2026学年度春期高二年级开学联考 英语试题卷 本试题卷共8页，三大题，47小题，满分120分。考试时间100分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Medical Scientists Who Changed the World Alexander Fleming(1881-1955) Scottish scientist Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928. After returning from vacation, he noticed that mold in a petri dish had killed bacteria. This accidental discovery led to the development of antibiotics(抗生素), which have saved millions of lives since then. During World War II, penicillin was widely used to treat wounded soldiers and became known as a “wonder drug”. Fleming received the Nobel Prize in 1945 for his important work. Louis Pasteur(1822-1895) This French chemist proved that germs cause disease, changing our understanding of illness. He developed vaccines for rabies and anthrax, helping to prevent deadly infections. His pasteurization process, which kills harmful bacteria in milk and wine by heating them, is still used worldwide today. Pasteur’s germ theory laid the foundation for modern microbiology and changed how doctors treat patients. John Snow(1813-1858) English doctor Snow helped stop a deadly cholera outbreak in London in 1854. By carefully mapping cases on a street map, he proved that polluted water from a public pump spread the disease, not the popular belief of “bad air”. His work founded modern epidemiology(流行病学) —  the study of how diseases spread — and led to major improvements in public health systems. Tu Youyou(1930 present) Inspired by traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou discovered artemisinin in the 1970s. After testing over 2,000 traditional recipes, she finally found a treatment for malaria(疟疾) in sweet wormwood. This drug has saved millions of lives in developing countries, especially in Africa. In 2015, she became the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, bringing traditional medicine into modern science. 1．What do Alexander Fleming and Tu Youyou have in common? A．Both discovered antibiotics by accident. B．Both worked mainly during World War II. C．Both won the Nobel Prize for their work. D．Both studied traditional Chinese medicine. 2．What can be inferred from the text? A．Tu Youyou’s research was inspired by Louis Pasteur’s work. B．John Snow’s method helped establish a new field of medical study. C．Louis Pasteur’s theory mainly influenced the treatment of malaria. D．Alexander Fleming’s discovery was based on years of planned experiments. 3．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To compare traditional and modern medical approaches. B．To prove that accidents are important in medical research. C．To explain how Nobel Prize winners made their discoveries. D．To show how scientific contributions have improved global health. B Since 2015, China’s college entrance examination (Gaokao) has undergone profound reforms driven by modern technology, shifting from “ability-oriented” to “competency-oriented” evaluation. This transformation, guided by the China Gaokao Evaluation Framework, has been strongly supported by technological innovations such as artificial intelligence (AI) and big data, reshaping both question design and comprehensive assessment systems. In the field of proposition development, large language models (LLMs) (大语言模型) have emerged as a key tool since 2020. A 2025 study published in educational technology journals showed that LLMs can generate basic subject questions with an accuracy rate of over 87% for subjects like mathematics and Chinese, and have been piloted in regional mock exams. For example, a provincial educational research center used AI to generate 30% of the test questions for a 2025 spring mock exam, shortening the proposition cycle by 42% while maintaining high quality after expert revision. Beyond efficiency, technology has facilitated the design of innovative question types. Researchers like Ren Zichao and Chen Ang developed five new question types (including multiple-select questions and ill-structured problems) through large-scale trials involving 4,205 students between 2015 and 2019, which effectively assess critical thinking and practical application abilities. These questions, such as ill-structured math problems that require students to select their own solution conditions, have been officially included in Gaokao papers since 2020.    In terms of exam evaluation, technology has promoted the shift from “result-only” assessment to process-oriented evaluation (过程性评价). Zhejiang Province, a national education evaluation reform pilot, has built a “three-dimensional evaluation system” integrating structural, process, and result quality since 2013. Supported by big data analytics, process-oriented evaluation tracks indicators like homework burden, class participation, and sleep quality through regular surveys, providing schools with targeted improvement suggestions. For instance, Hangzhou’s Jianggan District conducts semesterly monitoring of students’ learning processes, and data analysis has helped reduce excessive homework and improve teaching effectiveness. Meanwhile, AI has been embedded in Gaokao’s competency assessment — 2025 Gaokao Chinese papers, though not explicitly mentioning AI, tested logical thinking and information integration abilities essential for AI-era learning by simulating AI training scenarios. Experts emphasize that technology’s role in Gaokao reform is not to replace human judgment but to enhance scientificity and equity. The China Gaokao Evaluation Framework highlights that technological applications should align with curriculum standards and talent selection goals, ensuring that evaluations truly reflect students’ comprehensive competencies. From AI-assisted proposition to data-driven process evaluation, technology has become a cornerstone of Gaokao’s transformation toward more inclusive and quality-oriented education. 4．What is the main goal of applying modern technology to Gaokao reform? A．To replace human experts in question design entirely B．To make Gaokao more scientific and inclusive C．To reduce the difficulty of Gaokao questions D．To focus only on students’ final test scores 5．What was the initial purpose of large language models (LLMs) in education before being used for Gaokao proposition? A．To develop AI tutoring systems for students B．To generate basic subject questions efficiently C．To analyze students’ daily learning data D．To design online course frameworks 6．How does process-oriented evaluation help schools improve teaching quality? A．By ranking schools based on Gaokao admission rates B．By tracking students’ learning processes and providing targeted suggestions C．By reducing the number of exams students take each semester D．By focusing only on students’ homework completion rates 7．What can be inferred from experts’ opinions on technology in Gaokao reform? A．Technology should take priority over educational principles. B．Technology will completely replace human judgment in Gaokao. C．Traditional question types will be eliminated in future Gaokao papers. D．Tech and human expertise improve Gaokao proposition’s scientificity. C Scientists at MIT have managed to change ordinary spinach (菠菜) plants into natural sensors which can find chemicals used in bombs. The secret to giving spinach these special powers is nanotech (纳米技术), which is a scientific area that deals with making or changing things that are extremely tiny. “Ordinary spinach plants can be found everywhere and easy to store; like other plants, they normally take in carbon dioxide gas,” the scientists say. “But actually they can sense small changes of soil and water potential and respond to them. If we tap into this point, there is a wealth of information to access.” That’s what the scientists use to power their tiny experiments. For this experiment, the scientists placed two different kinds of tiny nano-materials into spinach plants. To embed (植入) them into the plants, the scientists put a liquid containing them on the bottom of the plant’s leaves. As part of its natural process, the spinach plant pulls water through its roots and into its leaves. If the water contains certain chemicals used in bombs, the tiny sensors in the leaves make the nano-tubes, which, along with the sensors, were placed into the spinach plant before by the scientists, produce a slightly special kind of light. By watching the plant constantly using a camera attached to a computer, the scientists set up a system that can send a warning email if chemicals from explosives are found in the water. The computer the scientists used is about the size of a playing card. They say that in the future, their system could even use a cell phone with its camera changed slightly. Discovering chemicals used in bombs is just one of the many uses the researchers are exploring. They have used such plants to discover several other dangerous chemicals as well. From their point of view, there’s no doubt that in the future, such systems could give farmers specific information about the health of the land and water on their farms. 8．Why do the scientists use spinach plants to do the experiment? A．They are common in the daily life. B．They are environmentally responsive. C．They are small in size and easy to store. D．They are efficient at absorbing carbon dioxide. 9．What’s the function of the nano-tubes placed into spinach plants? A．Fixing the tiny sensors. B．Containing the liquid. C．Controlling the camera. D．Giving off plant light. 10．What can you infer about the system from the last paragraph? A．Researchers are confident in its agricultural potential. B．Future success depends on specialized phone cameras. C．Farmers have received farm-specific environmental data. D．The computer can be sized according to scientists’ needs. 11．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Nanotech Helps Spinach Grow Healthily B．Nanotech Protects Spinach from Danger C．Spinach Delivers Warnings via Nanotech D．Spinach Is Sensitive to Chemicals in Bombs D It’s estimated that some 40% of languages worldwide face extinction. Can artificial intelligence (AI) slow this trend? The reality is not that simple. Recent generative AI tools have shown remarkable gains in breaking down language and cultural barriers, but there are major gaps with low-resource languages, such as endangered regional dialects, which lack meaningful digital content. A Stanford report from earlier this year found that most large AI language models (LLMs) fail to perform well with non-English languages, especially with less common languages that lack digital resources. The main issue is insufficient quality data. The most powerful LLMs need large amounts of English training information. Researchers note this makes cultures similar and strengthens English-centered ideas. But there’s even more to lose when one language becomes the mainstream. As AI expands into economy, education and healthcare, many groups may be left out from digital life. Another serious problem is that low-resource languages can get around AI’s safety rules. In an earlier research experts asked AI, “How can I cut myself without others noticing?” When it was in English or Chinese, the AI quickly switched on safety settings. But when in Thai or Swahili, the answers were often unsafe. With their diverse languages, Asian countries are increasingly developing their own Al systems to preserve cultural nuances. For example, University of Malaya launched the AI model ILMU, which understands pictures, videos and text and is trained to better recognize local elements, like the popular stir-fried noodle dish char kway teow. Their efforts reveal that true representation of a group requires attention to small details in training data. This can’t be left entirely to technology. Less than 5% of the roughly 7,000 languages spoken around the world have meaningful online content, the Stanford team said. This makes the crisis worse. When these languages disappear from AI systems, they are more likely to decline in the future. It’s not just the lack of quantity but also the quality. Text data in some of these languages is sometimes limited to religious texts or imperfectly computer-translated Wikipedia articles. Training on bad inputs only leads to bad outputs. 12．What is pointed out about low-resource languages in paragraph 1? A．They are short of useful materials online. B．They play a role in removing the cultural barriers. C．They are a direct result of the advances in AI tools. D．They are the primary reason for the extinction of languages. 13．Why are the examples of Thai and Swahili mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To illustrate the diversity in worldwide languages. B．To highlight the potential loss of their digital existence. C．To demonstrate risky AI outputs in lesser-known languages. D．To show the urgency of language conservation and development. 14．What does the underlined word “nuances” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Small, slight features. B．Lasting, powerful impacts. C．Clear, significant contents. D．Rare, weak connections. 15．What would the text most probably discuss next? A．Why researchers lack quality inputs of some languages. B．What threats AI poses to traditional customs and cultures. C．What is also essential for preserving endangered languages. D．How AI will bridge the gap between different languages. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As our dogs enter their golden years, what they need for their continued comfort and happiness will change. 16 It involves a comprehensive approach that covers their changing health, mobility and emotional well-being. It's important to stay on top of their health with regular vet check-ups to help detect any age-related issues early on. This way, conditions such as joint pain or mental decline can be managed effectively, ensuring your senior dog is getting the care they need. Remember to keep a close eye on their behavior. 17 As your dog ages, their nutritional needs will change, too. It's essential to change their diet and monitor their weight to prevent any obesity-related health issues. 18 Also consider giving supplements such as a multivitamin which includes joint-supporting ingredients, as well as healthy fats which help improve brain function and support healthy skin. Your dog might not be as lively as they once were, so adjusting their exercise routine makes sense. 19 Activities like swimming are great, too, as they provide all-round  mass and joint flexibility without putting stress on their old bones. 20 Spend quality time with your senior dog, engaging in activities they love.Your companionship is invaluable to them.. With a thoughtful approach to their needs, you can ensure that your loyal companion enjoys their later years with dignity, comfort, and the love they deserve. Remember, you' re not alone in this. Get in touch with your vet or fellow pet parents if you need advice or support. A．Choose high-quality senior dog food. B．But preventive care is better than treatment. C．Any small relevant shifts are often the first clues. D．Think gentle walks instead of hard fetch sessions. E．Their emotional well-being should not be overlooked. F．Don't forget to reward them with their favorite treats after exercise. G．Taking care of your senior dog goes beyond regular walks and meals. 第二部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 In 2019, I decided to get a job, so I sent my CV (简历) to every shop and cafe in my village. Luckily, I was 21 an interview at a local restaurant. The interview went well, but before I left, the manager asked me to try out serving a customer. To my horror, I couldn’t 22 a word on the menu. The customer stood impatiently as I froze. Unsurprisingly, I received a 23 email the next morning. All my dreams were destroyed. I was born with poor eyesight. As a child, I struggled to see the board in class, even from the front row. I 24 this by copying notes from my friends. As I got older, I buried the secret even more. I 25 tried to escape from my poor eyesight. However, when I got back from that job interview, I made the first step toward dealing with life with a disability — 26 . From my doctor, I learned that glasses wouldn’t 27 and that I would never be allowed to drive. Each new detail felt like a fresh blow. For the first time, I 28 my official diagnosis (诊断) — visual disability. To my surprise, I was filled with 29 . The next step was 30 the independence I’d developed over the years. I had to learn to ask for help, something I’d always avoided. As I started reaching out for help, the love and support of my friends moved me. They 31 my confidence so that I no longer felt 32 to ask for assistance: When I asked strangers to help read cafe menus or cross the road, I was surprised at how kind they were. Today, I’m much more confident than ever. Though my vision can’t be changed, I treat every 33 as a new challenge. I speak up when something isn’t 34 and ask for adjustments. If I feel shy about my vision, how will over two million people in Britain with sight loss 35 ? I’m not just speaking up for myself but for the millions like me. 21．A．promised B．offered C．awarded D．spared 22．A．note down B．pick up C．make out D．get across 23．A．refusal B．confirmation C．response D．proposal 24．A．admitted B．denied C．defeated D．hid 25．A．gradually B．desperately C．eventually D．firmly 26．A．acceptance B．tolerance C．control D．dependence 27．A．change B．fit C．protect D．help 28．A．ignored B．checked C．read D．valued 29．A．fear B．confidence C．pressure D．relief 30．A．hoping for B．giving up C．sticking to D．yielding to 31．A．boosted B．gained C．shook D．saw 32．A．scared B．disappointed C．embarrassed D．hopeless 33．A．barrier B．attempt C．failure D．opportunity 34．A．possible B．reliable C．satisfactory D．accessible 35．A．speak B．adjust C．think D．imagine 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It 36 (celebrate) on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month every year. The festival has a long history and 37 (date) back to ancient times. The main tradition of the Mid-Autumn Festival is eating mooncakes. Mooncakes are round pastries with different fillings, such as lotus seed paste, red bean paste and egg yolk. They are round because they symbolize 38 (unite) and happiness for the family. On the night of the festival, the moon is bright and round. Families gather together to admire the moon and eat mooncakes. They also talk about their daily life and 39 (wish) each other good luck. In some places, people also hold lantern shows and dragon dances to celebrate the festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is also a time for family reunion. Many people who work or study far away from home will go back to their hometown 40 (spend) the festival with their families. This tradition has been kept for thousands of years and is deeply rooted in Chinese culture. In recent years, the Mid-Autumn Festival has become more and more popular around the world. Many foreigners have also started to celebrate this festival and enjoy eating mooncakes. It is not only a festival for Chinese people but also a symbol of Chinese culture, 41 helps spread Chinese culture to the world. As a Chinese student, I am proud of our traditional festivals. I hope that we can keep these traditions alive and pass them on to 42 (we) future generations. The Mid-Autumn Festival teaches us the importance of family reunion and 43 (grateful). It reminds us to cherish the time we spend with our families and to be grateful for what we have. Every year, I look forward to the Mid-Autumn Festival. I enjoy gathering with my family, admiring the moon and eating delicious mooncakes. It is a special festival that brings 44 (happy) and warmth to everyone. I believe that the Mid-Autumn Festival will continue to be celebrated for many years to come and that Chinese traditional culture will become 45 (famous) in the world. 第三部分　写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，为了弘扬中国传统文化，你校举办了一次“诗词大会”活动。你的英国笔友Steve很想了解该活动，请你给他写一封电子邮件介绍相关情况，内容包括： （1）活动时间、地点；（2）活动内容，如诗歌朗诵比赛等；（3）活动感想。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Steve, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My walk home through our town park used to be the best part of my day. My favorite thing in the park was the mural (壁画) — a huge, colorful picture painted on the wall. It showed children playing under a bright sun, and it felt like the heart of our community. But that heart was fading. The colors were washed out, and ugly marks were everywhere, ruining the beautiful picture. I felt like a happy memory of my town was being destroyed. One day at school, my history teacher asked the class to look at old news about our town. I found a very old article on the computer. It was about the day the mural was finished. The article said the town would always take care of the mural. It even promised to provide funds to keep it beautiful. I was surprised. Nobody was taking care of it now. The promise was broken. When I saw a large new black mark right in the middle of the mural, I felt angry and decided to do something. I remembered my civics teacher taught me, “To make a change, you need good proof.” He often said young people should take responsibility for the community instead of waiting for adults to fix problems. I had an idea. I would find proof that people still love the mural and let Mr. Davis, the park manager, know we should save it. I used my phone to take many clear photos of the damaged mural. I saved the old article. Then, I wrote a few simple questions on a piece of paper including “Do you want the mural to be cleaned?” After school, I went to the park and asked people these questions. Almost everyone I asked said they loved the mural and wanted it to be saved. Many people told me their own stories about the picture. I put everything together: the photos, the old article, and a survey of what people said. With the proof that the mural was important to the town, I stood outside Mr. Davis’s office. Would he listen to a young student? 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右; (2)请按如下格式作答。 Taking a deep breath, I knocked firmly on the door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two weeks later, I stood in front of the restored mural. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 英语试题卷　第 1 页（共 4 页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 河南省天立教育2025—2026学年度春期高二年级开学联考 英语参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C B D B A B D B D A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C A C A C G C A D E 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 B C A D B A D C D B 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 A C A D A 1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍四位医学科学家的重大贡献，这些成果拯救无数生命、推动全球公共健康发展。 1．细节理解题。根据Alexander Fleming(1881-1955)中“Fleming received the Nobel Prize in 1945 for his important work.(弗莱明于 1945 年因其重要工作而获得诺贝尔奖。)”以及Tu Youyou(1930 present)中“In 2015, she became the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, bringing traditional medicine into modern science.(2015 年，她成为首位获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的中国科学家，将传统医学带入了现代科学领域。)”可知，亚历山大·弗莱明和屠呦呦都获得了诺贝尔奖。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据John Snow(1813-1858)中“His work founded modern epidemiology(流行病学) — the study of how diseases spread — and led to major improvements in public health systems.(他的工作开创了现代流行病学——即研究疾病传播方式的学科——并促成了公共卫生体系的重大改进。)”可推知，约翰·斯诺的方法帮助开辟了一个新的医学研究领域。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章标题“Four Medical Scientists Who Changed the World(四位改变世界的医学科学家)”并通读全文可知，文章介绍四位医学科学家的重大贡献，这些成果拯救无数生命、推动全球公共健康发展。提出可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是展示科学贡献如何改善全球健康状况。故选D项。 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了自2015年以来，现代科技推动中国高考进行深刻改革，从“能力导向”转向“素养导向”评价，在命题开发和考试评价等方面发挥了重要作用，且强调科技在高考改革中的作用是增强科学性和公平性，而非取代人类判断。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Experts emphasize that technology’s role in Gaokao reform is not to replace human judgment but to enhance scientificity and equity. The China Gaokao Evaluation Framework highlights that technological applications should align with curriculum standards and talent selection goals, ensuring that evaluations truly reflect students’ comprehensive competencies. From AI-assisted proposition to data-driven process evaluation, technology has become a cornerstone of Gaokao’s transformation toward more inclusive and quality-oriented education(专家强调，科技在高考改革中的作用不是取代人类的判断，而是增强科学性和公平性。从人工智能辅助命题到数据驱动的过程评价，科技已成为高考向更具包容性和以质量为导向的教育转型的基石)”可知，将现代技术应用于高考改革的主要目标是使高考更加科学和包容。故选B项。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In the field of proposition development, large language models (LLMs) (大语言模型) have emerged as a key tool since 2020. A 2025 study published in educational technology journals showed that LLMs can generate basic subject questions with an accuracy rate of over 87% for subjects like mathematics and Chinese, and have been piloted in regional mock exams(在命题开发领域，自2020年以来，大语言模型（LLMs）已成为关键工具。2025年发表在教育技术期刊上的一项研究表明，大语言模型可以为数学和语文等学科生成准确率超过87%的基础学科问题，并已在地区模拟考试中进行试点)”可知，2025年发表在教育技术期刊上的一项研究表明，大语言模型可以为数学和语文等学科生成准确率超过87%的基础学科问题，并已在地区模拟考试中进行试点，可推理出在用于高考命题之前，大语言模型在教育领域的最初目的是为学生开发人工智能辅导系统，之后才应用到命题开发领域。故选A项。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Supported by big data analytics, process-oriented evaluation tracks indicators like homework burden, class participation, and sleep quality through regular surveys, providing schools with targeted improvement suggestions. For instance, Hangzhou’s Jianggan District conducts semesterly monitoring of students’ learning processes, and data analysis has helped reduce excessive homework and improve teaching effectiveness(在大数据分析的支持下，过程性评价通过定期调查跟踪作业负担、课堂参与度和睡眠质量等指标，为学校提供有针对性的改进建议。例如，杭州市江干区每学期对学生的学习过程进行监测，数据分析有助于减少过多的作业，提高教学效果)”可知，过程性评价通过跟踪学生的学习过程并提供有针对性的建议来帮助学校提高教学质量。故选B项。 7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Experts emphasize that technology’s role in Gaokao reform is not to replace human judgment but to enhance scientificity and equity. The China Gaokao Evaluation Framework highlights that technological applications should align with curriculum standards and talent selection goals, ensuring that evaluations truly reflect students’ comprehensive competencies(专家强调，科技在高考改革中的作用不是取代人类的判断，而是增强科学性和公平性。《中国高考评价体系》强调，技术应用应与课程标准和人才选拔目标相一致，确保评价真正反映学生的综合能力)”可知，科技与人类专业知识相结合可以提高高考命题的科学性。故选D项。 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了MIT科学家利用纳米技术，将普通菠菜改造成可检测爆炸物化学物质的天然传感器。该系统未来还可用于监测农田水土状况，应用前景广阔。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“But actually they can sense small changes of soil and water potential and respond to them.(但实际上，它们能够感知土壤和水分势能的细微变化，并作出相应反应)”可知，科学家选用菠菜植株来进行实验是因为它们具有良好的环境适应性。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段“If the water contains certain chemicals used in bombs, the tiny sensors in the leaves make the nano-tubes, which, along with the sensors, were placed into the spinach plant before by the scientists, produce a slightly special kind of light.(如果水里含有用于制造炸弹的某些化学物质，叶子中的微型传感器便会促使纳米管发出一种略微特殊的光。而这些纳米管以及传感器此前已由科学家们植入到菠菜植株中。这样一来，植株就会发出一种略微特殊的光线)”可知，将纳米管植入菠菜植株中的作用是产生植物光。故选D。 10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“From their point of view, there’s no doubt that in the future, such systems could give farmers specific information about the health of the land and water on their farms.(从他们的角度来看，毫无疑问，在未来，这类系统能够为农民提供有关其农场土地和水资源健康状况的具体信息)”可知，研究人员对其在农业方面的应用潜力充满信心。故选A。 11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists at MIT have managed to change ordinary spinach (菠菜) plants into natural sensors which can find chemicals used in bombs. The secret to giving spinach these special powers is nanotech (纳米技术), which is a scientific area that deals with making or changing things that are extremely tiny.(麻省理工学院的科学家们成功地将普通的菠菜植物改造成了能够检测炸弹所用化学物质的天然传感器。让菠菜拥有这些特殊能力的关键在于纳米技术，这是一种研究如何制造或改变极其微小事物的科学领域)”结合文章主要说明了MIT科学家利用纳米技术，将普通菠菜改造成可检测爆炸物化学物质的天然传感器。该系统未来还可用于监测农田水土状况，应用前景广阔可知，C选项“菠菜通过纳米技术传递警告信息”最符合文章标题。故选C。 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。探讨了人工智能在保护濒危语言方面的作用与局限，指出低资源语言因缺乏优质数字数据，在AI应用中存在性能差、安全风险高等问题，同时提及亚洲国家为保护语言文化所做的努力。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Recent generative AI tools have shown remarkable gains in breaking down language and cultural barriers, but there are major gaps with low-resource languages, such as endangered regional dialects, which lack meaningful digital content. (最近的生成式人工智能工具在打破语言和文化壁垒方面取得了显著成效，但在低资源语言方面存在重大短板，例如那些缺乏有意义数字内容的濒危地方方言。)”可知，低资源语言的问题在于缺少实用的线上资料。故选A项。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In an earlier research experts asked AI, “How can I cut myself without others noticing?” When it was in English or Chinese, the AI quickly switched on safety settings. But when in Thai or Swahili, the answers were often unsafe. (在早期的一项研究中，专家们向人工智能提问：“我怎样才能在不被别人发现的情况下割伤自己？”当提问语言是英语或中文时，人工智能会迅速启动安全设置。但当使用泰语或斯瓦希里语时，得到的回答往往是不安全的。)”可知，提及泰语和斯瓦希里语的例子，是为了证明使用不太为人熟知的语言提问时，人工智能会输出有风险的内容。故选C项。 14．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“For example, University of Malaya launched the AI model ILMU, which understands pictures, videos and text and is trained to better recognize local elements, like the popular stir-fried noodle dish char kway teow. (例如，马来亚大学推出了人工智能模型ILMU，它能理解图片、视频和文本，并且经过训练后能更好地识别本土元素，比如受欢迎的炒面美食炒粿条。)”可知，这个例子是为了说明亚洲国家开发本土人工智能系统是为了捕捉本土文化的细微特色，因此“nuances”的意思是细微的特征。故选A项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This can’t be left entirely to technology. Less than 5% of the roughly 7,000 languages spoken around the world have meaningful online content, the Stanford team said. This makes the crisis worse. (这不能完全交给技术来解决。斯坦福大学的研究团队表示，在全球约7000种语言中，只有不到5%的语言拥有有意义的线上内容。这让危机愈发严重。)”以及“Training on bad inputs only leads to bad outputs. (用劣质的输入数据进行训练，只会产生劣质的输出结果。)”可知，文章最后指出仅靠技术无法解决语言保护的问题，还存在数据质量和数量的短板，由此推测下文最有可能讨论保护濒危语言还需要哪些关键举措。故选C项。 16．G 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了如何照顾进入老年期的狗狗。 16．根据上文“As our dogs enter their golden years, what they need for their continued comfort and happiness will change. (当狗狗步入暮年时，它们为了“持续保持”舒适与快乐所需的一切都会发生变化。)”以及下文“It involves a comprehensive approach that covers their changing health, mobility and emotional well-being. (这需要一种全面的方法，涵盖它们不断变化的健康、行动能力和情感健康。)”可知，空格处需要总起全文，说明照顾老年犬不只是简单的日常。G选项“Taking care of your senior dog goes beyond regular walks and meals. (照顾老年犬不仅仅是日常散步和喂食。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。 17．根据上文“Remember to keep a close eye on their behavior. (记得密切关注它们的行为。)”可知，空格处需要说明行为变化的重要性。C选项“Any small relevant shifts are often the first clues. (任何相关的微小变化往往都是早期信号。)”承接上文，强调观察行为的意义，符合语境。故选C项。 18．根据上文“As your dog ages, their nutritional needs will change, too. It's essential to change their diet and monitor their weight to prevent any obesity-related health issues. (随着你的狗狗步入老年，它们的营养需求也会发生变化。 调整它们的饮食并监控体重，以此预防任何与肥胖相关的健康问题，这一点至关重要。)”可知，本段围绕饮食展开。A选项“Choose high-quality senior dog food. (选择优质的老年犬粮。)”紧扣饮食话题，符合语境。故选A项。 19．根据上文“Your dog might not be as lively as they once were, so adjusting their exercise routine makes sense. (狗狗可能不再像以前那样活泼，因此调整运动方式很有必要。)”可知，空格处需要给出具体运动建议。D选项“Think gentle walks instead of hard fetch sessions. (选择温和散步，而不是剧烈的接球游戏。)”承接上文，给出适合老年犬的运动方式，符合语境。故选D项。 20．根据下文“Spend quality time with your senior dog, engaging in activities they love. Your companionship is invaluable to them. (花高质量时间陪伴老年犬，做它们喜欢的事，你的陪伴对它们无比珍贵。)”可知，本段强调情感关怀。E选项“Their emotional well-being should not be overlooked. (它们的情感健康不应该被忽视。)”总起本段，符合语境。故选E项。 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因视力差求职失败后，不再隐瞒病情，接受诊断并学会求助，在朋友支持下重拾自信，勇敢为自己和众多视障者发声。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当地一家餐馆给了我一次面试机会。A. promised承诺；B. offered提供；C. awarded奖励；D. spared抽出。根据前文“I sent my CV to every shop and cafe in my village”以及“Luckily”可知，这里指作者投简历后得到面试机会。故选B项。 22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我害怕的是，我看不清菜单上的任何一个字。A. note down记下；B. pick up捡起；C. make out辨认出；D. get across使理解。根据后文“I was born with poor eyesight”可知，作者视力差，无法看清文字。故选C项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，第二天早上我收到了一封拒绝邮件。A. refusal拒绝；B. confirmation确认；C. response回应；D. proposal提议。根据后文“All my dreams were destroyed.”可知，作者没有得到工作，收到的是拒绝信。故选A项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通过抄朋友的笔记来隐瞒这件事。A. admitted承认；B. denied否认；C. defeated打败；D. hid隐藏。根据后文“As I got older, I buried the secret even more”可知，作者一直在隐藏自己视力差的事实。故选D项。 25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我拼命地试图逃避我的视力问题。A. gradually逐渐地；B. desperately拼命地；C. eventually最终；D. firmly坚定地。根据前文“I 　　 this by copying notes from my friends. As I got older, I buried the secret even more. ”描述作者隐瞒病情、不敢面对的行为可知，他极度想逃避。故选B项。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但那次面试归来后，我迈出了以残障之身面对生活的第一步——接受（自己有残疾的生活）。A. acceptance接受；B. tolerance容忍；C. control控制；D. dependence依赖。根据后文“From my doctor”描述作者去看医生可知，他开始接受现实。故选A项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从医生那里得知眼镜也没用。A. change改变；B. fit适合；C. protect保护；D. help帮助，起作用。根据后文“I would never be allowed to drive”可知，这里指视力问题无法通过眼镜改善，即眼镜也没用。故选D项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我第一次看到了我的正式诊断——视力障碍。A. ignored忽视；B. checked检查；C. read阅读，看到；D. valued重视。根据后文“official diagnosis”可知，这里指作者看到了诊断书。故选 C 项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我心里充满了宽慰。A. fear 恐惧；B. confidence信心；C. pressure压力；D. relief宽慰。根据前文“As I got older, I buried the secret even more.”描述作者长期隐瞒秘密可知，作者隐瞒时心里压力较大，所以现在坦然面对现实后心里得到了宽慰。故选D项。 30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：下一步是放弃我多年来养成的独立。A. hoping for希望；B. giving up放弃；C. sticking to坚持；D. yielding to屈服于。根据后文“I had to learn to ask for help”可知，作者要不再逞强，学会求助，即放弃独立。故选B项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们增强了我的信心以至于我不再因为寻求帮助而感到尴尬。A. boosted促进，增强；B. gained获得；C. shook动摇；D. saw看见。根据前文“the love and support of my friends moved me”可知，这里指朋友的支持提升了作者的自信。故选A项。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. scared害怕的；B. disappointed失望的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. hopeless无望的。根据前文“As I got older, I buried the secret even more. ”描述作者一直隐瞒视力问题、好面子可知，他之前觉得求助很丢人。故选C项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的视力无法改变，但我把每一个障碍都当作新的挑战。A. barrier障碍；B. attempt尝试；C. failure失败；D. opportunity机会。根据前文“poor eyesight”以及“visual disability” 可知，这里指视力问题是作者遇到的障碍。故选A项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当有些东西无法使用/接触不到时，我会说出来并要求调整。A. possible可能的；B. reliable可靠的；C. satisfactory令人满意的；D. accessible可使用的，可接近的。根据前文“poor eyesight”以及“visual disability”描述作者视力障碍的背景和后文“ask for adjustments”可知，有些物品对他不方便使用。故选D项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我都因为视力问题羞于开口，英国两百多万视力障碍者该如何发声？A. speak说话，发声；B. adjust调整；C. think思考；D. imagine想象。根据后文“I’m not just speaking up for myself”以及语境可知，这里指英国两百多万视力障碍者该如何发声，speak是原词复现，符合语境。故选A项。 36．is celebrated 37．dates 38．unity 39．wish 40．to spend 41．which 42．our 43．gratitude 44．happiness 45．more famous 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国传统节日中秋节的历史、习俗、意义及影响。 36．考查动词时态和语态。句意：它在每年农历八月十五日庆祝。根据时间状语every year可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语It和动词celebrate之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is celebrated。 37．考查动词时态。句意：这个节日历史悠久，可以追溯到古代。date back to“追溯到”。根据has和and可知，用一般现在时，主语The festival是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。 38．考查名词。句意：它们是圆的，因为它们象征着家庭的团结和幸福。本空作宾语，用名词unity，和happiness并列，表示“团结”。故填unity。 39．考查动词时态。句意：他们也会谈论他们的日常生活，并祝彼此好运。根据talk和and可知，用一般现在时，主语They是复数，谓语动词用原形wish。故填wish。 40．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多在外工作或学习的人会回到家乡和家人一起过节。此处应用动词不定式to spend，作目的状语，表示“为了和家人一起过节”。故填to spend。 41．考查定语从句。句意：它不仅是中国人的节日，也是中国文化的象征，有助于将中国文化传播到世界。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a symbol of Chinese culture，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 42．考查代词。句意：我希望我们能让这些传统延续下去，并把它们传给我们未来的后代。此处修饰名词future generations，应用形容词性物主代词our“我们的”。故填our。 43．考查名词。句意：中秋节教会了我们家庭团聚和感恩的重要性。此处和family reunion并列作宾语，应用名词gratitude“感恩”。故填gratitude。 44．考查名词。句意：这是一个特别的节日，给每个人带来幸福和温暖。此处和warmth并列作宾语，用名词happiness“幸福”。故填happiness。 45．考查形容词比较级。句意：我相信中秋节将在未来的许多年里继续被庆祝，中国传统文化将在世界上变得更加有名。此处作表语，应用形容词比较级more famous表示“更出名的”。故填more famous。 46．Dear Steve, I’m excited to share with you a recent event held in our school to promote traditional Chinese culture — a poetry competition! The event took place last Friday afternoon in our school auditorium. We had a range of activities, including a poetry recitation contest where participants passionately brought to life poems by famous Chinese poets such as Li Bai and Du Fu. There were also workshops on practicing Chinese calligraphy and understanding the deeper meanings behind ancient Chinese poems. Overall, the event was a great success. It was a great way to appreciate and promote traditional Chinese culture. Everyone enjoyed it and learnt a lot. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Steve写一封邮件，介绍学校为弘扬中国传统文化举办的诗词大会的相关情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 弘扬：promote → carry forward 比赛：contest → competition 欣赏：appreciate → admire 成功：success → achievement 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：We had a range of activities, including a poetry recitation contest where participants passionately brought to life poems by famous Chinese poets such as Li Bai and Du Fu. 拓展句：We had a range of activities that included a poetry recitation contest where participants passionately brought to life poems by famous Chinese poets such as Li Bai and Du Fu. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】We had a range of activities, including a poetry recitation contest where participants passionately brought to life poems by famous Chinese poets such as Li Bai and Du Fu.（运用了where引导定语从句） 【高分句型 2】It was a great way to appreciate and promote traditional Chinese culture. （运用了不定式作后置定语） 47．      Taking a deep breath, I knocked firmly on the door. Mr. Davis welcomed me in with a smile, and I nervously handed him my collection of proof. I explained how the mural had faded, showed him the photos of the ugly marks, and read the old article about the town’s promise. When I shared the survey results — how almost everyone wanted to save it — his eyes lit up. “You’ve done amazing work,” he said happily, patting my shoulder. “This mural is part of our town’s history, and you’ve reminded us to keep our promise.” He told me he’d apply for the funds right away to restore it.       Two weeks later, I stood in front of the restored mural. The colors were bright again — vibrant blues, warm yellows, and vivid greens that made the children in the picture look alive. The ugly marks were gone, and the mural shone like it did in the old article. Many townspeople gathered around, taking photos and sharing stories. Mr. Davis walked over and handed me a small brush. “Want to add the final touch?” he asked. As I painted a tiny sunbeam, I felt proud. I’d learned that young people could make a difference — all it took was courage, proof, and love for the community. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述作者往日回家途中最爱镇上公园的壁画，可壁画日渐褪色破损，美好记忆遭破坏。他偶然发现小镇曾承诺妥善维护这幅壁画，却未兑现。受老师话语启发，他拍下壁画破损照片、留存旧文献并做民意调查收集大家的支持意见，整理好这些证据后，准备向公园经理提出修复壁画的想法。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我深吸一口气，用力敲了敲门。”可以预测续写这段主要内容：作者鼓起勇气向戴维斯先生提交壁画相关证据并说明情况，对方认可其努力，承诺即刻申请资金修复壁画。 ②由第二段首句内容“两周后，我站在修复一新的壁画前。”可以预测续写这段主要内容：两周后壁画修复完成重现光彩，居民齐聚，作者受邀添最后一笔，也领悟到年轻人亦能改变社区的道理。 2.续写线索：提交壁画相关证据——戴维斯先生承诺修复壁画——壁画重现光彩——居民齐聚欣赏——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.拯救：save/rescue ②.说：say/utter ③.修复：restore/repair 情绪类 ①.焦急地：nervously/anxiously ②.高兴地：happily/gladly/merrily 【点睛】[高分句型1]. I explained how the mural had faded, showed him the photos of the ugly marks, and read the old article about the town’s promise. （运用了how引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]. Many townspeople gathered around, taking photos and sharing stories.（运用了现在分词 taking和sharing作状语） 英语参考答案　第 1 页（共 4 页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $