第14卷 阅读理解-2026年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》，由15份专题训练卷与5份题型综合训练卷组成。试卷通过具象化拆解核心考点、搭建系统知识网络、场景化训练强调知识应用，从而做到降低学习门槛、巩固知识体系、强化实战能力，全方位适配学生备考需求。 本试卷是2026年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第14卷，知识点包括阅读理解。 2026年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第14卷 阅读理解 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题5分，满分100分） （一） Environmental problems like air pollution and resource shortage are getting more serious. Protecting the environment isn’t just the job of governments — it’s something everyone can do in daily life. Small, consistent actions can make a big difference to our planet. Why is protecting the environment important? First, it keeps ecosystems healthy. For example, clean rivers help fish live, and green forests provide homes for birds. Second, it protects our health: fresh air and clean water reduce the risk of illnesses. Third, it saves resources for future generations — we can’t use up all oil or coal without leaving enough for our kids. How can we protect the environment daily? Here are three easy ways:● Save water and electricity Turn off the tap while brushing your teeth — this saves about 5 liters of water each time. When you leave a room, turn off lights and air conditioners. Unplug unused devices (like phone chargers) too, as they still use small amounts of electricity.● Sort waste properly Separate your trash into “recyclable” and “non-recyclable”. Paper, plastic bottles, and glass can be recycled into new products. Throw food waste into special bins — some cities turn it into organic fertilizer for farms.● Choose green travel Walk or ride a bike for short trips (like going to the supermarket). For longer trips, take buses or subways instead of cars. Cars produce lots of carbon dioxide, which warms the planet. Remember: Every small step counts. If everyone does a little, we can make the earth a cleaner, greener place. 1．Which way to protect the environment is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Saving water and electricity. B．Using disposable plastic bags. C．Sorting waste properly. D．Choosing green travel. 2．Which statement is true according to the passage? A．Turning off the tap while brushing teeth saves 10 liters of water. B．Unplugging unused devices helps save electricity. C．Food waste can’t be turned into anything useful. D．Cars don’t produce carbon dioxide. 3．Why is protecting the environment important? A．It keeps ecosystems healthy, protects our health, and saves resources. B．It helps governments save money. C．It makes cities more crowded. D．It increases the use of coal and oil. 4．In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “reduce” probably means ________ in Chinese. A．增加 B．减少 C．创造 D．浪费 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Environmental problems are too serious to solve. B．Only governments can protect the environment. C．How to protect the environment in daily life and why it matters. D．Why future generations need more oil and coal. （二） Do you know pizza is one of the most popular fast foods in the world? In fact, around the world, people eat 5 billion pizzas every year! But where did pizza come from and what makes it so popular? Read on to find out. Thousands of years ago, the Greeks, Italians, and Persians started putting vegetables, oil, cheese, and other things on flat bread. The ingredients (原料) depended on the area, but there was one thing in common: Everyone put the toppings on some type of bread. This was the ancient form of “pizza”. Our modern pizza goes back to the Romans more than 2,000 years ago. They put cheese and olive oil on bread. In the 1700s, a pizza with tomato sauce and cheese became popular in Naples, Italy. Later, Italians brought the pizza to America, and then it became a popular food all over the world, with different pizzas from different places. Photographs of movie stars and famous athletes with pizza helped it become more and more popular, and that led to competitions. Today, we have the World Pizza Games. There are also all kinds of world records. For example, in 2017, there was a new record for the world’s longest pizza. It was over 1.9 kilometers long! Today, pizza is popular all over the world, and different places have their own local pizzas. So, do you like eating or cooking pizza? What is your favorite pizza style? 6．How many pizzas do people eat every year? A．5 million. B．500 million. C．5 billion. D．5 trillion. 7．According to the text, which country started putting toppings on flat bread thousands of years ago? A．Greece. B．China. C．Australia. D．England. 8．What kind of pizza became popular in Naples, Italy in the 1700s? A．Pizza with chicken and egg. B．Pizza with tomato sauce and egg. C．Pizza with chicken and cheese. D．Pizza with tomato sauce and cheese. 9．In Paragraph 4, the underlined word “that” means ________. A．pictures of movie stars B．famous athletes C．new kinds of pizza D．pizza’s popularity 10．The text is mainly about ________ around the world. A．how pizza became popular B．how pizza was made C．what pizza people like best D．when pizza became popular （三） Two old men moved into a hospital room one after the other. The first one could sit up for an hour every day. His bed was next to the room’s only window. The second one was lying on the bed all day and couldn’t see clearly. They would talk about their homes, jobs, family and friends, and what they would do when they left the hospital. Every afternoon, a nurse would help the first man sit up. He then would tell the second man about the things that happened outside the window. The second man could feel that it was a beautiful and lively world. It made him feel alive, even though he couldn’t go out. He also wondered how he could thank the first man. It was that one hour that made him want to live. As time went on, the nurse found the first man died one morning. The second man was very sad to hear that. Since he became better, he asked to change to the bed by the window. However, when he got there, he saw nothing but a wall. The old man got angry and asked the nurse why the first man lied. The nurse replied that the man was blind. “Though he couldn’t see, he had a warm and big heart full of love,” she added. 11．How long could the first man sit up every day? A．10 minutes. B．30 minutes. C．40 minutes. D．60 minutes. 12．What was the second old man like when he got into the hospital? A．He could see very clearly. B．He had to lie in bed all day. C．He could sit up for an hour every day. D．He could walk to the window by himself. 13．The second man felt ________ when the first man told him what he “saw”. A．thankful B．hopeless C．sad D．angry 14．The second man asked to change to the bed by the window because ________. A．he wanted more space B．he wanted to get the nurse’s care C．he wanted to see the world for himself D．he wanted to be the next one to tell stories 15．What did the nurse mean by the last sentence? A．The first man was wrong to tell lies. B．The first man didn’t get much love during his life. C．The first man didn’t want to stay in the room. D．The first man wanted to warm up the second man. （四） More and more people are changing how they shop these days. Not long ago, most people went to physical stores — like supermarkets or clothes shops — to buy what they needed. But now, online shopping and new payment ways are making shopping easier and different. Mrs. Lee, a mother of two, remembers what shopping was like 10 years ago. “I used to carry a big bag of cash when I went to the market,” she says. “I had to wait in long lines to pay, and if I forgot my wallet, I couldn’t buy anything. Once, I spent 30 minutes looking for my change after paying for vegetables!” Things are very different now. For many shoppers like Mrs. Lee, online shopping is a daily habit. She orders groceries on her phone at 9 p.m., and they arrive at her door the next morning. “It saves me so much time,” she explains. “I don’t have to take my kids to the supermarket and carry heavy bags home. And I can compare prices easily — something I couldn’t do in stores before.” Payment ways have also changed a lot. Cash is less common now. People use tap-and-go cards (一拍即付银行卡) that let them pay by touching the card to a machine. Even better, mobile payment apps let shoppers pay with just their phones. “I almost never use cash now,” says 16-year-old Tom. “I pay for my snacks and bus tickets with my phone. It’s faster than counting change.” But physical stores aren’t disappearing. Many stores are trying new things to keep customers. For example, some clothes shops let you “try on” clothes using a computer screen — you can see how a dress looks on you without putting it on. Other stores have small cafes inside, so shoppers can rest and have a drink while they shop. Whether it’s online or in a store, shopping is becoming more convenient. But one thing hasn’t changed: people still love finding good deals and buying things they need (or sometimes just want!). 16．What did Mrs. Lee use to carry when shopping 10 years ago? A．A mobile phone. B．A big bag of cash. C．A tap-and-go card. D．Heavy shopping bags. 17．Why does Mrs. Lee like online shopping now? A．It lets her meet friends easily. B．It is more expensive but faster. C．It saves her time and lets her compare prices. D．It makes her kids happier than going to stores. 18．What is a “tap-and-go card” used for? A．Carrying groceries home. B．Comparing prices online. C．Paying by touching the card to a machine. D．Ordering food on the phone. 19．How are physical stores trying to keep customers? A．They are closing down small cafes. B．They let customers try on clothes with a computer screen. C．They stop accepting mobile payments. D．They ask customers to wait in long lines. 20．What has NOT changed about shopping? A．People still love finding good deals. B．People mostly use cash to pay. C．People only shop in physical stores. D．People have to carry heavy bags home. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》，由15份专题训练卷与5份题型综合训练卷组成。试卷通过具象化拆解核心考点、搭建系统知识网络、场景化训练强调知识应用，从而做到降低学习门槛、巩固知识体系、强化实战能力，全方位适配学生备考需求。 本试卷是2026年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第14卷，知识点包括阅读理解。 2026年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第14卷 阅读理解 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题5分，满分100分） （一） Environmental problems like air pollution and resource shortage are getting more serious. Protecting the environment isn’t just the job of governments — it’s something everyone can do in daily life. Small, consistent actions can make a big difference to our planet. Why is protecting the environment important? First, it keeps ecosystems healthy. For example, clean rivers help fish live, and green forests provide homes for birds. Second, it protects our health: fresh air and clean water reduce the risk of illnesses. Third, it saves resources for future generations — we can’t use up all oil or coal without leaving enough for our kids. How can we protect the environment daily? Here are three easy ways:● Save water and electricity Turn off the tap while brushing your teeth — this saves about 5 liters of water each time. When you leave a room, turn off lights and air conditioners. Unplug unused devices (like phone chargers) too, as they still use small amounts of electricity.● Sort waste properly Separate your trash into “recyclable” and “non-recyclable”. Paper, plastic bottles, and glass can be recycled into new products. Throw food waste into special bins — some cities turn it into organic fertilizer for farms.● Choose green travel Walk or ride a bike for short trips (like going to the supermarket). For longer trips, take buses or subways instead of cars. Cars produce lots of carbon dioxide, which warms the planet. Remember: Every small step counts. If everyone does a little, we can make the earth a cleaner, greener place. 1．Which way to protect the environment is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Saving water and electricity. B．Using disposable plastic bags. C．Sorting waste properly. D．Choosing green travel. 2．Which statement is true according to the passage? A．Turning off the tap while brushing teeth saves 10 liters of water. B．Unplugging unused devices helps save electricity. C．Food waste can’t be turned into anything useful. D．Cars don’t produce carbon dioxide. 3．Why is protecting the environment important? A．It keeps ecosystems healthy, protects our health, and saves resources. B．It helps governments save money. C．It makes cities more crowded. D．It increases the use of coal and oil. 4．In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “reduce” probably means ________ in Chinese. A．增加 B．减少 C．创造 D．浪费 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Environmental problems are too serious to solve. B．Only governments can protect the environment. C．How to protect the environment in daily life and why it matters. D．Why future generations need more oil and coal. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日常生活中保护环境的重要性，以及“节约水电、正确垃圾分类、选择绿色出行”三种简单可行的环保方法，强调每个人的小行动都能为地球带来改变。 【解析】1．细节理解题。根据文中提到的环保方法“Save water and electricity (节约水电)”，“Sort waste properly (正确垃圾分类)”，“Choose green travel (选择绿色出行)”可知，文中提到了“节约水电、正确垃圾分类、选择绿色出行”三种环保方法，没有提到“使用一次性塑料袋”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Save water and electricity”部分中“Unplug unused devices (like phone chargers) too, as they still use small amounts of electricity. (拔掉不使用的设备（比如手机充电器）的插头，因为它们仍然会消耗少量的电。)”可知，拔掉不用的设备插头有助于省电。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Why is protecting the environment important? First, it keeps ecosystems healthy ... Second, it protects our health ... Third, it saves resources for future generations (为什么保护环境很重要？首先，它能保持生态系统的健康……其次，它保护我们的健康……第三，它为子孙后代节约资源)”可知，保护环境的重要性体现在“维护生态健康、保护人类健康、节约资源”。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Second, it protects our health: fresh air and clean water reduce the risk of illnesses. (其次，它保护我们的健康：新鲜的空气和干净的水减少患病的风险。)”可知，新鲜的空气和干净的水对健康有益，应是“降低”生病的风险，结合语境可推断出，“reduce”意为“减少”。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。文章开头点出环保的全民性，接着分析保护环境的重要性，然后详细介绍三种日常环保方法，最后强调“小行动有大作用”，核心围绕“如何在日常生活中保护环境及为何重要”展开。故选C。 （二） Do you know pizza is one of the most popular fast foods in the world? In fact, around the world, people eat 5 billion pizzas every year! But where did pizza come from and what makes it so popular? Read on to find out. Thousands of years ago, the Greeks, Italians, and Persians started putting vegetables, oil, cheese, and other things on flat bread. The ingredients (原料) depended on the area, but there was one thing in common: Everyone put the toppings on some type of bread. This was the ancient form of “pizza”. Our modern pizza goes back to the Romans more than 2,000 years ago. They put cheese and olive oil on bread. In the 1700s, a pizza with tomato sauce and cheese became popular in Naples, Italy. Later, Italians brought the pizza to America, and then it became a popular food all over the world, with different pizzas from different places. Photographs of movie stars and famous athletes with pizza helped it become more and more popular, and that led to competitions. Today, we have the World Pizza Games. There are also all kinds of world records. For example, in 2017, there was a new record for the world’s longest pizza. It was over 1.9 kilometers long! Today, pizza is popular all over the world, and different places have their own local pizzas. So, do you like eating or cooking pizza? What is your favorite pizza style? 6．How many pizzas do people eat every year? A．5 million. B．500 million. C．5 billion. D．5 trillion. 7．According to the text, which country started putting toppings on flat bread thousands of years ago? A．Greece. B．China. C．Australia. D．England. 8．What kind of pizza became popular in Naples, Italy in the 1700s? A．Pizza with chicken and egg. B．Pizza with tomato sauce and egg. C．Pizza with chicken and cheese. D．Pizza with tomato sauce and cheese. 9．In Paragraph 4, the underlined word “that” means ________. A．pictures of movie stars B．famous athletes C．new kinds of pizza D．pizza’s popularity 10．The text is mainly about ________ around the world. A．how pizza became popular B．how pizza was made C．what pizza people like best D．when pizza became popular 【答案】6．C 7．A 8．D 9．D 10．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了披萨的起源、发展以及它在全球流行的原因。 【解析】6．细节理解题。根据第一段“In fact, around the world, people eat 5 billion pizzas every year! (事实上，全世界的人们每年要吃掉50亿个披萨！)”可知，人们每年吃掉50亿（5 billion）个披萨。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thousands of years ago, the Greeks, Italians, and Persians started putting vegetables, oil, cheese, and other things on flat bread. (几千年前，希腊人、意大利人和波斯人开始把蔬菜、油、奶酪和其他东西放在扁平的面包上。)”可知，希腊人在几千年前开始在面包上放配料。故选A。 8．细节理解题。根据第三段“In the 1700s, a pizza with tomato sauce and cheese became popular in Naples, Italy. (18世纪，意大利那不勒斯流行了一种加了番茄酱和奶酪的披萨。)”可知，18世纪，在意大利那不勒斯流行番茄酱和奶酪披萨。故选D。 9．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Photographs of movie stars and famous athletes with pizza helped it become more and more popular, and that led to competitions. (电影明星和著名运动员与披萨的合影使得披萨越来越受欢迎，从而催生了披萨比赛。)”可知，披萨越来越受欢迎催生了披萨比赛，此处的“that”是指代前句中“披萨越来越受欢迎”这一事件。故选D。 10． 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文从起源、发展、传播到流行原因都是在讲披萨是“如何变得流行的”。故选A。 （三） Two old men moved into a hospital room one after the other. The first one could sit up for an hour every day. His bed was next to the room’s only window. The second one was lying on the bed all day and couldn’t see clearly. They would talk about their homes, jobs, family and friends, and what they would do when they left the hospital. Every afternoon, a nurse would help the first man sit up. He then would tell the second man about the things that happened outside the window. The second man could feel that it was a beautiful and lively world. It made him feel alive, even though he couldn’t go out. He also wondered how he could thank the first man. It was that one hour that made him want to live. As time went on, the nurse found the first man died one morning. The second man was very sad to hear that. Since he became better, he asked to change to the bed by the window. However, when he got there, he saw nothing but a wall. The old man got angry and asked the nurse why the first man lied. The nurse replied that the man was blind. “Though he couldn’t see, he had a warm and big heart full of love,” she added. 11．How long could the first man sit up every day? A．10 minutes. B．30 minutes. C．40 minutes. D．60 minutes. 12．What was the second old man like when he got into the hospital? A．He could see very clearly. B．He had to lie in bed all day. C．He could sit up for an hour every day. D．He could walk to the window by himself. 13．The second man felt ________ when the first man told him what he “saw”. A．thankful B．hopeless C．sad D．angry 14．The second man asked to change to the bed by the window because ________. A．he wanted more space B．he wanted to get the nurse’s care C．he wanted to see the world for himself D．he wanted to be the next one to tell stories 15．What did the nurse mean by the last sentence? A．The first man was wrong to tell lies. B．The first man didn’t get much love during his life. C．The first man didn’t want to stay in the room. D．The first man wanted to warm up the second man. 【答案】11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。通过讲述一位盲人病人为病友编造窗外美景的故事，告诉我们善良与爱心能给他人带来希望和温暖。 【解析】11．细节理解题。根据第一段“The first one could sit up for an hour every day. (第一个人可以每天坐一小时。)”可知，第一个老人每天能坐一小时（即60分钟）。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段“The second one was lying on the bed all day and couldn’t see clearly. (第二个整天躺在床上，看不清楚。)”可知，第二个老人进医院时整天躺在床上。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段“He also wondered how he could thank the first man. It was that one hour that made him want to live. (他也不知道该怎样感谢第一个人。正是这一个小时让他想活下去。)”可知，当第一个老人告诉第二个老人“看到”了什么时，第二个老人很感激他。故选A。 14．推理判断题。根据第三段“Since he became better, he asked to change to the bed by the window. However, when he got there, he saw nothing but a wall. (自从他好些了，他要求换到靠窗的床上去。然而，当他到达那里时，除了一堵墙什么也没看到。)”可知，第二个老人一直听第一个老人描述窗外美景，当第一个老人去世后，第二个老人要求换到靠窗的床，是因为他想亲自去看看这个世界。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ The nurse replied that the man was blind. “Though he couldn’t see, he had a warm and big heart full of love,” she added. (“虽然他看不见，但他有一颗温暖而宽广的心，充满了爱，”她补充道。)”可知，第一个老人虽然是盲人，但他心中有温暖，为了温暖、鼓励第二个老人才每天编造窗外美景的。故选D。 （四） More and more people are changing how they shop these days. Not long ago, most people went to physical stores — like supermarkets or clothes shops — to buy what they needed. But now, online shopping and new payment ways are making shopping easier and different. Mrs. Lee, a mother of two, remembers what shopping was like 10 years ago. “I used to carry a big bag of cash when I went to the market,” she says. “I had to wait in long lines to pay, and if I forgot my wallet, I couldn’t buy anything. Once, I spent 30 minutes looking for my change after paying for vegetables!” Things are very different now. For many shoppers like Mrs. Lee, online shopping is a daily habit. She orders groceries on her phone at 9 p.m., and they arrive at her door the next morning. “It saves me so much time,” she explains. “I don’t have to take my kids to the supermarket and carry heavy bags home. And I can compare prices easily — something I couldn’t do in stores before.” Payment ways have also changed a lot. Cash is less common now. People use tap-and-go cards (一拍即付银行卡) that let them pay by touching the card to a machine. Even better, mobile payment apps let shoppers pay with just their phones. “I almost never use cash now,” says 16-year-old Tom. “I pay for my snacks and bus tickets with my phone. It’s faster than counting change.” But physical stores aren’t disappearing. Many stores are trying new things to keep customers. For example, some clothes shops let you “try on” clothes using a computer screen — you can see how a dress looks on you without putting it on. Other stores have small cafes inside, so shoppers can rest and have a drink while they shop. Whether it’s online or in a store, shopping is becoming more convenient. But one thing hasn’t changed: people still love finding good deals and buying things they need (or sometimes just want!). 16．What did Mrs. Lee use to carry when shopping 10 years ago? A．A mobile phone. B．A big bag of cash. C．A tap-and-go card. D．Heavy shopping bags. 17．Why does Mrs. Lee like online shopping now? A．It lets her meet friends easily. B．It is more expensive but faster. C．It saves her time and lets her compare prices. D．It makes her kids happier than going to stores. 18．What is a “tap-and-go card” used for? A．Carrying groceries home. B．Comparing prices online. C．Paying by touching the card to a machine. D．Ordering food on the phone. 19．How are physical stores trying to keep customers? A．They are closing down small cafes. B．They let customers try on clothes with a computer screen. C．They stop accepting mobile payments. D．They ask customers to wait in long lines. 20．What has NOT changed about shopping? A．People still love finding good deals. B．People mostly use cash to pay. C．People only shop in physical stores. D．People have to carry heavy bags home. 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．C 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了购物方式和支付方式发生的巨大变化，以及实体店为留住顾客所做的尝试，同时指出人们喜欢淘好货、购买所需物品这一点从未改变。 【解析】16．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Mrs. Lee, a mother of two, remembers what shopping was like 10 years ago. “I used to carry a big bag of cash when I went to the market,” she says. (李太太是两个孩子的母亲，她还记得十年前购物是什么样子。“我以前去市场时，总是带着一大袋现金。”她说。)”可知，十年前李女士购物时常常带着一大袋现金。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据第三段中李女士的解释“It saves me so much time (它为我节约很多时间)”以及“I can compare prices easily — something I couldn’t do in stores before. (我可以轻松地比价——这是我以前在实体店做不到的事。)”可知，李女士喜欢网购是因为网购既节省时间，又能让她轻松比价。故选C。 18．细节理解题。根据第四段中“People use tap-and-go cards that let them pay by touching the card to a machine. (人们使用一挥即付卡，只需把卡片在机器上碰一下就能付款。)”可知，一挥即付银行卡是用来通过将卡片触碰机器进行支付的。故选C。 19．细节理解题。根据第五段中“For example, some clothes shops let you ‘try on’ clothes using a computer screen — you can see how a dress looks on you without putting it on. (例如，一些服装店让你用电脑屏幕“试穿”衣服——你不用穿上裙子，就能看到它穿在你身上的效果。)”可知，实体店通过让顾客用电脑屏幕“试穿”衣服的方式来留住顾客。故选B。 20．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But one thing hasn’t changed: people still love finding good deals and buying things they need (or sometimes just want!). (但有一件事没有改变：人们仍然喜欢淘到划算的东西，购买自己需要的（有时只是想要的）东西！)”可知，人们仍然喜欢淘到划算的商品这一点没有改变。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $