专题04 固定短语 搭配（知识清单）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（北京专用）

小升初英语专题总复习（北京专用） 专题04 固定短语/搭配 come up with go back get on go to sleep look after put on turn on 在北京小升初英语考试中，固定短语与搭配是词汇知识的重中之重，侧重考查词组在语境中的理解与灵活运用能力。 考点一 动词短语（北京考区高频考点） 动词短语是句子的核心，通常由动词与介词、副词或名词构成。核心动词短语的构成如下： 动词+介词(及物，宾语放后面) come from来自 depend on依靠 get into进入…… get to到达 hear from收到……来信 laugh at嘲笑 listen to听 look after照顾 look at看…… look for寻找 look like看起来像 talk about谈论……(事) talk with与……交谈 wait for等待 work on从事 worry about担忧 write to给……写信 动词+副词(代词宾语必须放中间) blow out吹灭 break off中断 bring out拿出来 burn out烧尽 burn up烧光 cheer up振作起来 check in登记入住 climb up爬上 come back回来 come in进来 come out花开，出现 cool down冷静下来 cry out哭喊 cut off切断 cut up切碎 die out灭绝 drink up喝完 eat out出去吃 eat up吃光 end up结束 fall off从……掉下来 fall over跌倒在地 fill in填入 find out弄明白 get back返回 get down下来 get in进来 get home回家 get on/off上/下车 get out离开 get up起床 give out分发 give up放弃 go home回家 go on继续 go out出去 go over复习 grow up长大 jump off跳下 hang on不挂电话 hurry off匆忙离开 hurry up赶快 keep on继续 knock over撞倒 lie down躺下 live on靠……谋生 look around环顾四周 look out向外看 look up向上看；查阅(词典) move in迁入 move on往前走 move out搬出去 pay off付清 pick up捡起 put down放下 put away收拾，整理 put up举起，张贴，搭建 put on穿上，戴上 put off推迟 ring up打电话 run out用完 sell out卖完 set off出发，动身 set up建立 sit down坐下 shout out大叫 shut off关闭 slip off滑落 slow down慢下来 stand up站起来 stay up熬夜 take away拿走 take off脱下(衣服)；(飞机)起飞 take out拿出去 try on试穿 turn on打开(水/电) turn off关闭(水/电) turn up调大(声音) turn down调小(声音) turn over翻转 wake up醒来 warm up热身 work out做出来 write down记下 注意：在北京考区，要重点关注“动词+副词”的结构。若宾语是名词，可放副词前后；若宾语是代词it/them/him等，必须将代词放在动词和副词之间，如：look it up、pick it up。 动词+名词 do one’s homework做家庭作业 have a cold感冒 have a good time玩得高兴 have a rest休息一会 have a talk谈话 have classes上课 have breakfast/lunch/dinner吃早/午/晚餐 fly a kite放风筝 make a decision做决定 make a mistake犯错 make friends交朋友 make sure确保 play football/basketball踢足球/打篮球 play the piano/guzheng/erhu弹钢琴/弹古筝/拉二胡 read a book读书 sweep the floor拖地 take a rest休息一下 take a walk散步 take photos拍照 watch TV看电视 动词+名词+介词(结构的短语多为固定习惯表达，需整体记忆) have a look at看一看 get ready for为……做准备 make friends with和……交朋友 make use of利用 pay attention to注意 take care of照顾 take part in参与 动词+副词+介词 catch up with赶上 get on/along with与……相处 look forward to期待 注意：在北京考区，要重点关注look forward to的用法，to在此处是介词，其后跟v.-ing形式。 其他常考高频短语 come on来吧 come true实现 come up with想起，提出 go for a walk去散步 go to bed睡觉 go to school上学 go to sleep入睡 help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人 turn left/right向左/右转弯 want to do sth.想做某事 注意：在北京考区，更侧重“短语在具体语境中的灵活运用”，而非孤立记忆。如：需要根据上下文判断take off的含义是“飞机起飞”还是“脱下外套”。 考点再现 一、写出下列短语的中文。 1. take off 2. take away 3. turn up 4. turn down 5. look out 6. come true 7. look like 8. take place 9. take care of 10. put off 11. put up 12. give out 二、结合句意，用所给短语的正确形式填空（注意代词it/them的位置）。 1. The radio is too loud. Please ________________(turn down). 2. The books are everywhere. Please ________________ (put away). 3. The coat is nice. Can I ________________ (try on)? 4. The garbage is here. Let’s ________________(take away). 过关训练 一、请选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空补全下列句子。 look after, look it up, take off, put on, turn off, look forward to, find out, give up, pick up, worry about 1. It’s cold outside. Please _________ your coat. 2. The plane will _________ in ten minutes. 3. Don’t _________ hope. Everything will be better. 4. You can _________ the new word in the dictionary. 5. My mother asked me to _________ my little sister. 6. We ___________ visiting the Great Wall this weekend. 7. Please ________ the lights before you leave the room. 8. He _________ the pen on the floor and put it in his pencil box. 9. Don’t ________ me. I’m OK. 10. I want to ________ more about Chinese history. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. —What time does your mother ____ every morning?—At 6:00. A. gets up B. get up C. gets to ( )2. I often help my mother ______ the housework. A. do B. does C. doing ( )3. Don’t worry. I’ll ____ my little sister. A. look after B. look for C. look at ( )4. The teacher told us to ______ the bedroom before leaving. A. put away B. put down C. put up ( )5. Remember to ______ the tap (水龙头) when you finish washing hands. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down 三、翻译句子。 1. 我期待收到你的来信。 2. 别放弃，你会成功的。 3. 请把它写下来。 4. 他经常在周末拍照。 考点二 介词短语 介词短语在句中主要充当定语、状语或表语，位置灵活、作用重要。表示方位、时间、方式等范畴的介词短语是北京小升初英语的必考点，其基本结构为“介词 + 名词”。 表方位(地点/位置)的介词短语 at home在家 at school在学校 at work在工作 at the back of在……后面 behind the door在门后面 in front of the car在汽车(外部)前面 in the front of the car在汽车(内部)前面 in the box在箱子里 in hospital在医院 in the park在公园里 in the middle在中间 next to the cinema挨着电影院 in the tree(外来物)在树上 on the tree(树的枝、叶、果实等)在树上 on the left/right在左/右边 in the wall(门窗等)嵌在墙里 on the wall(画、日历等)在墙面上 on the farm在农场 on one’s way to在……的路上 under the desk在书桌下面 表时间的介词短语 at birth出生时 at last最后，终于 at night在晚上 at noon在中午 at the age of在……岁时 at one o’clock在一点钟 at the beginning of在……的开始 from Monday to Friday从周一到周五 in the morning/afternoon/ evening在早上/下午/晚上 in spring在春季 in January在一月 in time及时 on Tuesday在周二 on time准时，按时 表方式(方法/手段)的介词短语 by bike/train/plane骑自行车/坐船/坐飞机 by hand用手，手工 by reading通过阅读 in English用英语 in his car开他的车 in a hurry匆忙 on foot步行 on a bike骑自行车 with one’s help在某人的帮助下 with a pen用一支钢笔 without saying没说 其他介词短语 at least至少 at once立刻，马上 at the same time同时 for example例如 in common共同 in danger在危险中 in fact事实上 in red穿着红色衣服 in short简而言之 in trouble处于困境中 in order按顺序；正常 in surprise惊奇地 of great importance很重要 on duty值日 between you and me在你我中间 注意：在北京考区，介词短语主要考查空间、时间、方式、原因等基本范畴，以及介词在不同语境中的搭配习惯。北京小升初还要特别注意介词与动词、形容词的固定搭配。 考点再现 单项选择。 ( )1. Sanya is hot ____ summer. A. in B. on C. to ( )2. You’re good ______ drawing. A. on B. in C. at ( )3. Please walk ________ the right. A. with B. on C. in ( )4. I have many old school things _____ home. A. on B. in C. at ( )5. —Who’s ______ duty today? —Lucy and Lily are. A. in B. on C. at ( )6. We have PE and English ____ Tuesday ____ Friday. A. on; to B. from; to C. from; on ( )7. My cousin will go to Shanghai ________ 5:00 ________ the morning ________ Sunday. A. on; in; at B. at; in; on C. at; in; in ( )8. I can talk and write _____ English. A. at B. in C. on ( )9. My mother likes walking. She always goes to the park ________. A. on foot B. by car C. by bike ( )10. Please come to school ____ tomorrow. Don’t be late. A. on time B. in time C. at time 过关训练 一、用适当介词填空（每空一词）。 1. What do you often do ____ night? 2. They will go to Beijing ____ January. 3. Look! The apples are ____ the tree. 4. There is a blackboard ____ the classroom. 5. I usually go to the library ____ my way home. 6. We have classes ____ Monday ____ Friday. 7. You can write the word ____ a pen. 8. ____ my teacher’s help, I learn English well. 9. Please stand ____ line. 10. ____ fact, he is a very kind boy. 二、根据中文意思完成句子。 1. 最后，他找到了他的小狗。 _____ _____, he found his little dog. 2. 请准时交作业。 Please hand in your homework _____ _____. 3. 那个穿蓝色衣服的男孩是我的朋友。 The boy _____ _____ is my friend. 4. 他匆忙赶到学校。 He goes to school _____ _____ _____. 5. 在你我之间，这是个秘密。 It’s a secret ________ you ______ me. 6. 他出生时只有 3 公斤。 He was only 3 kilos ______ ______. 考点三 形容词短语 形容词短语在句中主要充当定语、表语或补语，用法多样。核心形容词短语的构成如下： be+形容词+with(多表示情绪或关系) be angry with对……生气 be busy with忙于…… be careful with小心 be filled with充满 be good with善于应付，和……和睦相处 be happy with对……感到高兴 be patient with对……有耐心 be pleased with对……感到满意 be popular with受……欢迎 be+形容词+to(多表示态度、反应或连接) be close to接近，靠近 be friendly/nice to对……友好 be good to对……好 be kind to对……和蔼 be polite to对……有礼貌 be rude to对……粗鲁 be useful to对……有用 be+形容词+of(多表示属性或评价) be afraid of 害怕 be careful of对……小心 be fond of喜欢 be full of充满 be made of由……制成(能看出原材料) be proud of对……感到骄傲/自豪 be short of短缺 be sure of对……有把握 be tired of对……感到厌倦 be+形容词+for(多表示目的或对象) be bad for对……有坏处 be famous for由于……而出名 be good for对……有好处 be late for迟到 be ready for为……做好准备 be sorry for对……感到抱歉 be thankful for因……而感激 其他常见形容词短语 be able to能够做某事 be ready to准备好，愿意 be different from与……不同 be made from由……制成(看不出原材料) be interested in对……感兴趣 be poor in缺乏，贫乏 be weak in在……方面薄弱 be excited about 对……兴奋 be good at擅长…… be mad at对……感到愤怒 be surprised at 对……惊讶 be sure about对……有把握 be worried about对……感到担忧 be sorry about对……感到遗憾 be the same as与……一样 be busy doing忙于做某事 注意：在北京考区，形容词后的介词不可随意替换，如：be good at不能写成be good in。be made of & be made from、be good for & be good to等易混短语辨析是北京小升初的高频考点。学生需要熟练掌握常见形容词与介词的搭配，这是判断语感和准确性的关键。 考点再现 用适当介词填空（每空一词）。 1. My brother is good _______ playing basketball. 2. Drinking milk is good _______ your health. 3. She is kind _______ the little animals. 4. We are all proud _______ our country. 5. The bottle is full _______ water. 6. Don’t be late ______ school again. 7. This picture is different _______ that one. 8. The table is made _______ wood. We can see it. 9. My parents are always busy _______ housework. 10. He is weak _______ English. He needs help. 11. I’m sorry _______ what I said just now. 12. The story is popular _______ young students. 过关训练 一、请选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空补全下列句子。 be afraid of, be ready for, be interested in, be angry with, be surprised at 1. Don’t _______ _________ ______ the dog. It’s friendly. 2. My mother _______ _________ ______ me because I got up late. 3. They _______ _________ ______ the exam now. 4. I _______ _________ ______ his answer. It’s amazing. 5. My sister _______ _________ ______ drawing very much. 二、根据中文意思完成句子。 1. 我害怕黑。 I _______ _________ ______ the dark. 2. 他对他的学生很有耐心。 He _______ _________ ______ his students. 3. 我们应该对帮助过我们的人心存感激。We should _______ _________ ______ others’ help. 4. 这个城市因美食而出名。 The city _______ _________ ______ its delicious food. 5. 我的书包和你的一样。 My schoolbag is _______ _________ ______ yours. 1. 副词短语：修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，表时间、频率、程度等，常考其在句中的位置和语境意义。 高频示例： 考点四 其他高频短语 ①频率副词短语：every day每天、once a week一周一次、at times有时、all the time一直 ②时间副词短语：right now立刻、just now刚才 ③程度副词短语：very much非常、a little一点儿、too much太多、here and there到处、all over the world全世界、in the end最后、at first起初 2. 数量词短语：修饰名词，表数量，是写作与阅读的基础表达。高频示例： ①修饰可数名词：a few一些、a number of许多、a pair of一双 ②修饰不可数名词：a little一些、much许多、a bit of一点 ③可修饰可数/不可数名词：plenty of充足的、a lot of/lots of许多 注意：在北京考区，要重点关注(a) few与(a) little的用法区别，是常考点也是易错点。 考点再现 单项选择。 ( )1. Look! There are ________ beautiful balloons. A. lot B. lots of C. lot of ( )2. This year is the “Weight Management Year”. We should ______ to manage our weight. A. eat many hamburgers B. eat lots of meat C. eat lots of vegetables ( )3. Jack wrote his name on ______ paper. A. a piece of B. a can of C. a bottle of ( )4. The boy is kind. He can help _____. A. a lot of B. a lot C. lots of ( )5. Don’t drive ________ or use ________ plastic bags. A. too much; too much B. too many; too much C. too much; too many ( )6. I go to the park ________. It’s my good habit. A. every day B. right now C. just now ( )7. He watches TV ________, only on Saturday evening. A. once a week B. all the time C. at first ( )8. ________ students are playing basketball on the playground. A. A number of B. A bit of C. Much 过关训练 一、用few /a few /little/a little填空。 1. Be quick! We have ________ time left. 2. Don’t worry. We still have ________ minutes. 3. The question is very easy. ________ people can answer it. 4. I know ________ French, so I can talk a little with French people. 二、根据中文意思完成句子。 1. 他有时会帮妈妈做家务。 He helps his mother with housework ________ ________. 2. 全世界的人都喜欢体育。 People ________ ________ ________ ________ love sports. 3. 桌子上有很多书。 There are ________ ________ ________ books on the desk. 4. 我妈妈有点忙。 My mother is ________ ________ busy. 考点五 高频句型结构 这部分不是单纯的短语，而是包含固定短语在内的句型框架，是北京小升初考试的重中之重。常见的高频句型包括： 1. There be + 名词 + 地点. 某地有某物。注意：there be句型要遵循“就近一致”原则。 There are many books and a pen on the desk.书桌上有许多书和一支钢笔。 There is a pen and two books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。 2. It’s + adj. + (for/of sb.) + to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是……的。 It is very important for us to learn English well. 对我们来说，学好英语很重要。 3. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人时间做某事。 It takes me two hours to do my homework.我花了两个小时做作业。 4. What do you think of...? 你认为……怎么样？ What do you think of this story? 你认为这个故事怎么样？ 5. What/How about...? ……怎么样？ What about a glass of juice? 来杯橙汁怎么样？ 6. as + 形容词原级/副词原级 + as ...：和……一样……。 Tom is as tall as his dad. 汤姆和他的爸爸一样高。 7. What/How引导的感叹句：多么……的……啊！ What a beautiful flower it is!/How beautiful the flower is! 多么漂亮的一朵花啊！ 8. 祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句. 如果……就…… Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 努力学习，你将会通过考试。 注意：在北京考区，这些高频的句型结构在写作、翻译、句型转换、完形填空中频繁出现。学生不仅要会背诵，更要能在实际语境中灵活运用。 考点再现 单项选择。 ( )1. I’m so glad ______ you again. A. to see B. see C. with ( )2. ________ nice it smells! A. What B. When C. How ( )3. ______ careful! Don’t run on the road. A. Be B. Is C. Are ( )4.There ________ a bike and some photos in the living room. A. is B. are C. have ( )5. There ______ two books and a pencil box in my schoolbag. A. has B. is C. are ( )6. Hurry up, ____ you’ll be late for school. A. and B. or C. but 过关训练 一、根据中文意思完成句子。 1. 我每天花一小时读英语。 It ______ me an hour ______ ______ English every day. 2. 你觉得这部电影怎么样？ ______ do you ______ ______ the film? 3. 听音乐怎么样？ ______ ______ listening to music? 4. 我的书包和你的一样新。 My schoolbag is ______ new ______ yours. 二、按要求完成下列各题。 1. There is a pen on the desk.（改为复数句） There _______ some _______ on the desk. 2. It is very interesting. I watch the film.（合并为一句） It is very interesting _______ me _______ _______ the film. 3. What a clever boy!（同义句） _______ _______ the boy is! 一、从方框中选择合适的单词，将选项写在短语的横线上，使短语意思完整。每词限用一次。 A. jump     B. wash     C. have     D. go     E. sweep     F. play     G. good     H. draw     I. sing     J. care 1. ______ the floor 2. ______ dinner 3. ______ to bed 4. ______ afternoon 5. ______ the guzheng 6. ______ dishes 7. ______ songs 8. take ______ of 9. ______ a picture 10. ______ rope 二、看图，选出与其对应的短语。 A. go to the hospital    B. visit grandparents    C. work on the farm    D. enjoy the food E. collect stamps    F. formal clothes    G. the Qin Dynasty    H. stand on your head ( ) 1.  ( ) 2.  ( ) 3.   ( ) 4.  ( ) 5.  ( ) 6.  ( ) 7.   ( ) 8.   三、仿照范例，找出与话题关联的短语。（每个短语只能使用一次。） A. by air B. Olympia, Greece C. fall down D. take the train E. hurt my arm        F. drive to G. as caring as a dog H. cut finger I. the year of tiger J. birth-year animals K. gold medals L. Higher, Faster, Stronger-Together 例：Hurt in the Accident   ( CEH ) 1. Ways of Travelling ( ) 2. Olympic Games ( ) 3. The Twelve Animals ( ) 四、用适当介词填空（每空一词）。 1. In modern Olympic games, they are different __________ the ancient ones.   2. I am interested ______ everything about China. 3. I enjoy reading poems when looking ______ the moon. 4. Excuse me, sir! Can you tell me the way ______ the No.1 High School? 5. My school is famous _______ its science club. 6. —What are you looking ______ in the kitchen? —Potatoes. 五、单项选择。 ( )1. Watching TV ________ is bad for your eyes. A. very much B. too much C. a lot of ( )2. We are going to Shanghai _____ plane. It’s fast. A. take B. on C. by ( )3. Look ______ the window. There is a rainbow. A. at B. out C. out of ( )4. I usually ______ at 6:00 a.m. Then I eat breakfast at home. A. go to bed B. have a PE class C. get up ( )5. The mice _________ afraid _________ the cat. A. is; of B. are; of C. are; with ( )6. The pencil-box ______ a toy car. A. looks for B. looks like C. looks after ( )7. ____ beautiful the park is! A. What B. What a C. How ( )8. Don’t be late ______ class. And don’t eat ______ class. A. in; for B. for; in C. to; in ( )9. —Where ______ your cousin ______? —She’s from Shanghai. A. does; come from B. is; come from C. does; from ( )10. There is some rubbish on the ground. Please ______. A. pick up it B. pick it up C. pick them up ( )11. ______! There is a big hole in the road! A. Look out B. Help C. Come on ( )12. Sport is good for us. Just as the saying goes, “饭后百步走，活到九十九”. We should take a ______ after a meal. A. bus B. walk C. look ( )13. —Remember to ________ the TV when you aren’t watching. —OK. I will. A. turn off B. turn on C. turn left ( )14. She can ________ a bag _______ hand. A. buy; with B. take; in C. make; by ( )15. We have ________ time. We don’t need to hurry. A. plenty of B. a number of C. a few 六、改为同义句。 1. Let me see. Let me ______ ______ ________. 2. He is good at football. He ______ ______ ______ football. 3. We often walk to the bookshop. We often go to the bookshop _____ _____. 4. The post office is behind the cinema. The cinema is in  ______ ______  the post office. 5. My mother is looking after my younger sister.    My mother _________ _________ _________ _________ my younger sister. 答案与解析 考点一：动词短语 考点再现：一、1. 起飞(飞机)；脱下(衣服) 2. 拿走 3. 调大(音量等) 4.调小(音量等) 5. 向外看；小心 6.实现 7. 看起来像 8. 发生 9. 照顾 10. 推迟 11. 张贴，举起，搭建 12. 分发 二、1. turn it down 2. put them away 3. try it on 4. take it away 过关训练：一、1. put on 2. take off 3. give up 4. look it up 5. look after 6. look forward to/are looking forward to 7. turn off 8. picked up 9. worry about 10. find out 二、1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. B 三、1. I’m looking forward to hearing from you. 2. Don’t give up, and you will succeed. 3. Please write it down. 4. He often takes photos on weekends. 考点二：介词短语 考点再现：1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. A 过关训练：一、1. at 2. in 3. on 4. in 5. on 6. from; to 7. with 8. With 9. in 10. In 二、1. At last 2. on time 3. in blue 4. in a hurry 5. between; and 6. at birth 考点三：形容词短语 考点再现：1. at 2. for 3. to 4. of 5. of 6. for 7. from 8. of 9. with 10. in 11. about 12. with 过关训练：一、1. be afraid of 2. was angry with 3. are ready for 4. am surprised at 5. is interested in 二、1. am afraid of 2. is patient with 3. be thankful for 4. is famous for 5. the same as 考点四：其他高频短语 考点再现：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. A 过关训练：一、1. little 2. a few 3. Few 4. a little 二、1. at times 2. all over the world 3. a lot of 4. a little 考点五：高频句型结构 考点再现：1. A 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 过关训练：一、1. takes; to read 2. What; think of 3. What/How about 4. as; as 二、1. are; pens 2. for; to watch 3. How clever 一、1. E 2. C 3. D 4. G 5. F 6. B 7. I 8. J 9. H 10. A 二、1. E 2. G 3. H 4. B 5. D 6. F 7. C 8. A 三、1. ADF 2. BKL 3. IJ 四、1. from 2. in 3. at 4.to 5. for 6. for 五、1. B 【解析】修饰动词用too much；very much一般放句末；a lot of后接名词。watch TV too much看电视太多。 2. C 【解析】by + 交通工具（不加冠词）：by plane坐飞机。 3. C 【解析】look out of the window往窗外看。look at看……；look out小心。 4. C 【解析】早上6点应该是get up起床，然后吃早饭。go to bed上床睡觉；have a PE class上体育课。 5. B 【解析】mice是mouse 复数，be动词用are；be afraid of...害怕……。 6. B 【解析】look like看起来像；look for寻找；look after照顾。 7. C 【解析】How引导的感叹句句式为：How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！How beautiful the park is!公园多美啊！ 8. B 【解析】be late for class上课迟到；eat in class在课堂上吃东西。 9. A 【解析】come from= be from问句：Where does your cousin come from?或 Where is your cousin from? 10. B 【解析】rubbish不可数，代词用it；代词要放pick和up中间，即pick it up。 11. A 【解析】路上有大洞，提醒别人小心。look out小心。 12. B 【解析】饭后百步走：take a walk after a meal。 13. A 【解析】turn off the TV关掉电视。turn on打开；turn left左转。 14. C 【解析】make a bag做包；by hand用手工。 15. A 【解析】plenty of许多，可修饰不可数名词time。a number of/a few修饰可数名词复数。 六、1. have a look 2. does well in 3.on foot 4. front of 5. is taking care of 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $