Unit 8 Making a Difference-【教材笔记】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语（人教版·新教材）

Unit 8 Making a Difference Section A,1b and 1c Interview 1 Interviewer:Excuse me,are you a volunteer here? Volunteer 1:Yes,I am. Interviewer:How long have you been a volunteer with this football organization? Volunteer 1:Oh,I've been a volunteer since last year. Interviewer:What do you do? Volunteer 1:Lots,really!I help the players and give directions.I clean up the stadium after matches too. Interview 2 Interviewer:Sir,are you a volunteer here at the art museum? Volunteer 2:That's right! Interviewer:May I know what you do? Volunteer 2:I guide visitors through the museum and provide information about the paintings.You see,I'm studying art history at university. Interviewer:That's a good use of your skills!How long have you been a volunteer at the museum? Volunteer 2:Well,I've only been a guide here for two weeks. Interview 3 Interviewer:Let's talk to one of the volunteers with the beach clean-up organization. Excuse me,Miss.How is the clean-up going? Volunteer 3:It's going well!I've picked up three bags of bottles and cans since our team arrived this morning. Interviewer:You've worked hard!Have you been a volunteer with the organization for long? Listening Scripts 159 Volunteer 3:Yes,for about seven years. Interviewer:Wow!You must really care about the beach Volunteer 3:Yes,I think it's everyone's duty to look after it! Section A,2b and 2c Conversation 1 Rose: Hi Robert.What are you watching? Robert: Oh,it's a show about volunteering.It's quite inspiring! Rose: Hey,I've watched that before. Robert: Really?Did it inspire you to volunteer? Rose: Yeah.In fact,I've been a volunteer at an animal shelter for two years now. Robert: Wow!What do you do there? Rose: Well,I clean the cages and feed the animals...And I look after the new dogs.Some of them are in poor condition and need more care!And I collect donations for the shelter too. Robert: Goodness!Hey,do you need help?Can I volunteer too? Rose: Of course! Conversation 2 Interviewer:Have you ever been to our animal shelter,Robert? Robert: No,I haven't,but my friend Rose has told me all about it. Interviewer:Have you taken care of animals before? Robert: Yes.I had a dog when I was young.I walked her,and I filled her food and water bowls.Because of her,I learnt that every animal is special and needs love. Interviewer:You're right!Now,how often can you volunteer? Robert: About once a week? Interviewer:Perfect!Let me show you around. 60 教材笔记英语八年级下册 Grammar 一、反身代词(Reflexive Pronouns) 反身代词是英语中表达“…自己；本身”含义的一类代词，是在第一人 称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称人称代词宾格形式的词尾加-slf 或-selves组成。反身代词请见下表。 表1反身代词 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 himself 单数 myself yourself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 反身代词的用法请见下表。 表2反身代词的用法 句法作用 例句 Be careful when you're using the knife!Don't cut yourself..使用刀具时要 小心，不要割伤自己。 动词或介词的 In teaching others,we teach ourselves.教人者，己已学。 宾语 I'll be away for a week.You and your sister need to take care of yourselves. 我要外出一周，你和妹妹得照顾好自己。 Don't be too hard on yourself!!别对自己太苛刻了！ 主语或宾语的 I cooked the dinner myself..我自己做的晚饭。 同位语 You had better ask the dentist herself.你最好问牙医本人。 Just be yourself.做你自己就好了。 表语 Mary hasn't been quite herself recently..玛丽近来有些不对劲儿。 反身代词用作主语或宾语的同位语时，一般用于强调，常译为“本人；亲自”。 常见的后接反身代词作宾语的动词或动词短语有cut、hurt、protect、teach、 enjoy、help、take care of、look after等。 Grammar161UNIT 8 Making a Difference 有（重要）作用 Why should we help BIG others? Question 我们为什么应该帮助他人？ In this unit,you will 在本单元，你将 1.talk about different ways of helping others 1.谈论帮助他人的不同方法。 2.express duration using the present perfect 2.结合since和for,用现在完成 tense with since and for. 时来表示持续时间。 3.identify the features of a speech 3.识别一场演讲的特征。 4.explore the benefits of volunteer work and 4.探索志愿者工作的好处和帮助 the meaning of helping:others. 他人的意义。 意为“蓝处 Look and share 看一看并分享 1.What are the people in the photo doing? 1.照片中的人正在做什么？ 2.Do you think their actions are helpful?How so? 2.你认为他们的行为有帮助吗？ 定语从句下 怎么有帮助？ 3.What are some ways you can help others?. 3.你可以帮助他人的方式有哪些？ Unit 8 Making a Difference 115 A What can we do to help? 我们能做什么来帮忙？ 1Match the actions with the pictures. 1a将行为与图片匹配。 与old同义 clean up guide visitors 打扫干净 指引游客 visit the:elderly give directions 探望老人 指引方向 plant trees sort waste 植树 将垃圾分类 D【参考答案】（从左到右，从上到下）EDBACF Listen to three interviews and complete the 6听三段采访并完成表格。 table.动词形式为organize Person Organization How long 人 组织 多长时间 The first a(n) since 第一位 一个足球 speaker 自去年起 organization 发言者 组织 The second an art for 第二位 一家艺术 speaker 两周 发言者 博物馆 The third a(n) for 第三位 一个海滩 speaker 发言者 大约七年 organization 清理组织 D【参考答案】（从左到右，从上到下）football;last year;museum;two weeks;beach clean-up;about seven years Listen again.Complete the sentences that ©b再听一遍。完成不同人所 different people say. 说的句子。 Interview 1 采访1 1.“Excuse me,are you a here?" 1.“打扰一下，你是这里的志愿 者吗？” 16 教材笔记英语八年级下册 2."I help the players and give the2.“我帮助参赛选手并给他们指 stadium after matches too." 引方向。比赛后我也把体育场 打扫干净。” Interview 2 采访2 3.T through the museum and provide 3.“我指引游客参观博物馆并提 information about the 供有关绘画的信息。” 4."You see,I'm studying art 4.“要知道，我在大学学习艺术史。” at university.'” 采访3 Interview 3 5.“我已经捡了三袋瓶子和金属罐。” 5."I've picked up three bags of and 6.“我认为照顾它是每个人的责 6."I think it's duty to look after it!” 任！” O【参考答案】l.volunteer2.directions;clean up 3.guide visitors;paintings 4.history 5.bottles;cans 6.everyone's Imagine that your friend is one of the volunteers. ©想象你的朋友是其中一名志 Role-play a conversation. 愿者。分角色扮演一段对话。 A:How long have you been a volunteer? A:你当志愿者多久了？ B:I've been a volunteer for .. B:我当志愿者已经… A:What do you do there? A:你在那里做什么？ B:Oh,many things!.. B:哦，很多事情！… 2Tick three activities you would like to do in ②©勾出三项你想在动物收容 an animal shelter.In pairs,talk about your 所中进行的活动。两人一 activities and why you have chosen them. 组，讨论你们的活动及你 们选择它们的原因。 feed animals 喂养动物 findowners of lost pets 动词形式为oWM, 意为“拥有” 寻找走失宠物的主人 provide information about animals 提供动物的相关信息 clean cages 打扫笼子 train animals 训练动物 collect donations 收集捐赠物 take care of sick animals 照顾生病的动物 walk dogs -→与look after同义 遛狗 Unit 8 Making a Difference Listen to two conversations and answer the 62公b听两段对话并回答问题。 questions. 1.What inspired Robert to volunteer? 1.什么促使罗伯特当志愿者？ 宾语从句中 2.How long has Rose been a volunteer?包含宾语从句 2.罗斯当志愿者多久了？ 3.Why do you think the interviewer wants to know 3.你认为面试官为何想知道罗伯 if Robert has taken care of an animal before? 特以前是否照顾过动物？ 4.What words can you use to describe Robert and 4.你能用什么词形容罗伯特和罗 Rose?Give your reasons. 斯？给出你的理由。 O【参考答案】1.A show about volunteering 2.For two years. 3.Because the interviewer wants to know if Robert has experience. 4.Robert:happy and helpful Because after talking to Rose,Robert asks,"Can I volunteer too?" Rose:helpful and kind Because she has worked at the animal shelter for two years and she takes good care of the animals. Listen again.Complete the summary of the 2⊙b再听一遍。完成对话摘要。 conversations.还可以作动词，意为"保护：隐蔽 罗伯特的朋友罗斯向他讲述 Robert's friend Rose tells him about her 她在动物收容所的志愿者工作。 work at an animalshelter.She says she the 她说自己打扫笼子并喂养动物。 cages and the animals.She also looks after 她还照顾新的狗并收集捐赠物。 the and collects Robert wants 罗伯特也想成为一名志愿者，于 是他前往动物收容所，并在那 to become a volunteer too,so he goes to the animal 里与一位工作人员进行面试。罗 shelter and has a(n) with a person working 伯特告诉面试官他曾经养过一只 there.Robert tells the interviewer that he used to 狗。他的宠物让他明白每只动物 have a His pet has taught him that every 都很特别而且需要关爱。罗伯特 animal is and needs love.Robert offers to 主动提出每周义务工作一次。 volunteer a week. offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 ,D【参考答案】volunteer;cleans;:feeds;new dogs,donations;interview;dog;special;once 2 Role-play a conversation between Robert and ②©分角色扮演罗伯特与面试 the interviewer.Talk more about the animal 官的对话。多谈谈动物收 shelter and what it is like to volunteer there. 容所（的情况）以及在那 You can use the questions to help you. 里当志愿者的感受。你可 以使用这些问题来帮助你。 教材笔记英语八年级下册 How long has the shelter been around? ·收容所大约成立多久了？ What animals does the shelter have? ·收容所有什么动物？ How long have you worked here? ·你在这里工作多久了？ Why did you choose to work here? ·你为什么选择在这里工作？ What can I do to help? ·我可以做什么来帮忙？ Read the conversation.Where does Teng Fei ③阅读对话。腾飞在哪里（做） volunteer?Who does he help? 志愿（活动)？他帮助谁？ 埃拉：海，腾飞。你暑假有什么 Ella:Hi,Teng Fei.What are your plans for the summer 计划？ holidays? 腾飞：我想我会和青年队一起去 Teng Fei:I think I'll do some volunteer work at a 养老院做一些志愿工作。 nursing home with my youth group.I've 从去年开始我就一直在那 been a volunteer there since last year. 里当志愿者。 埃拉：哦！你都做些什么？ Ella:Oh!What do you do? Teng Fei:I exercise with the elderly 腾飞：我和老人们一起锻炼，帮 助他们保持活力。有时我 “特殊疑 to help them stay active. 会和他们下中国象棋。 问词+动Sometimes I play Chinese 词不定式”chess with them.I've even 我甚至教过其中一些老人 结构作 如何使用手机。 taught taught some of them how 埃拉：那太好了。他们的家人经 宾语to use a mobile phone, 常探望他们吗？ Ella:That's great.Do their families visit them 腾飞：有些人会，但不是全部。 often? 许多老人非常孤独。 Teng Fei:Some do,but not all.Many elderly people 埃拉：那让我难过。我们有一天 are very lonely. 也都会变老。照顾老人很 Ella:That makes me sad.We'll all be old one day 重要。 too.It's important to care for the elderly. 腾飞：对！你知道的，他们其实 Teng Fei:That's right!You know,they actually 有很多有趣的人生故事和 have so many interesting life stories and 经历与我们分享。 experiences to share with us. 埃拉：我能加入你们的志愿者团 Ella:Can I join your group of volunteers?I'd love 队吗？我愿意帮忙。 to help. 腾飞：可以，一起来吧！一起（做） Teng Fei:Yes,come along!It's fun to volunteer 志愿（活动）是有趣的。 together. D【参考答案】Teng Fei volunteers at a nursing home.He helps the elderly. Unit 8 Making a Difference 119 Read again and complete the table. ③$再读一遍，完成表格。 Teng Fei's work Teng Fei's and Ella's thoughts 腾飞的工作 腾飞和埃拉 的想法 ●exercising with the Many of the elderly are ·与老年人一 ●许多老年人因家 elderly to help them because their families 起锻炼来 人不 而 don't 帮助他们 _0 。We must the elderly. ·我们必须 with the We will all one day ·与老年人 老人。我们所有 elderly too. 人有一天也会 0 teaching the elderly We can learn from their ·教老年人如·我们可以从他们 how to 何 的 学习。 O【参考答案】Teng Fei's work:stay active;play Chinese chess;use a mobile phone Teng Fei's and Ella's thoughts:very lonely;visit them often;care for;be old;life stories and experiences Listen to the conversation.Then role-play it. 3cb听对话然后进行角色扮演。 Imagine that you and your partner are ③©想象你和你的搭档是志愿 volunteers.Ask each other questions about 者。互相询问你们的工作 your work. 情况。 Where do you volunteer? ·你在哪里做志愿活动？ What type of work do you do? ·你做什么类型的工作？ .Why do you volunteer there? ·你为什么在那里做志愿活动？ How long have you been a volunteer? ·你当志愿者多久了？ How does the work make you feel? ·这份工作让你感觉如何？ Animal shelter 动物收容所 clean cages,feed animals,walk dogs,... 把笼子打扫千净、喂养动物、 遛狗… Museum 博物馆 give directions,provide information,... 指引方向、提供信息… Park 公园 pick up litter,sweep leaves,... 捡垃圾、扫落叶… 医院 Hospital 给孩子们读书、和病人聊 read to kids,talk with patients,... 天… 教材笔记英语八年级下册 Grammar Focus Read the sentences.How are for and since 4g读句子。for和since的用法 used differently? 有什么不同？ No,I haven't.But one of my friends has volunteered Have you been to our animal shelter before? here for a long time. 你之前去过我们的动物收容所吗？ 没有，我没去过。但我的一个朋友在这里（做） 志愿（活动）已经很久了。 Yes,she has.She has been a volunteer at a nursing Has she ever done volunteer work? home since last August. 她曾经做过志愿工作吗？ 是的，她做过。自去年八月起，她就一直在养 老院当志愿者。 How long have you been a volunteer? I have been a volunteer here for a few months. 你当志愿者多久了？ 我已经在这里当志愿者几个月了。 How long has he worked as a volunteer at He has volunteered here since his summer holidays the museum? started. 他在博物馆当志愿者多久了？ 自暑假开始，他就在这里（做）志愿（活动）。 Complete the sentences with the correct forms ④⑥用括号中动词的正确形式 of the verbs in brackets and for or since. 以及for或since完成句子。 1.Linda likes serving in the army.She 1.琳达喜欢在军队服役。她作为 (be)a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping 联合国维和部队的医生已经 five years. 五年了。 2.I (be)a member of the Red Cross for six2.我加入红十字会已经六年了。 years.I've made a lot of friends I joined 自从我加入这个组织，我交 the organization. 、.make friends 了很多朋友。 交朋友 3.Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a3.吴先生作为志愿者已经在一所 volunteer two years now. he 小学任教两年了。自他开始 started working there,he (help)many 在那里工作以来，他已经帮 students. 助了许多学生。 4.The organization (train)over 6,000 4.该组织自2023年开课以来， elderly people itbeganto offer classes 已培训了6000多名老年人。 in2023. begin to do sth 开始做某事 Unit 8 Making a Difference O【参考答案】1.has been;for2.have been;:since3.for,Since;has helped4.has trained; since 4Complete the passage with the correct forms 4©用括号中动词的正确形式 of the verbs in brackets. 完成短文。 I love being a volunteer!I (work)with 我爱当志愿者！现在我已经 a sports organization for almost three years now.在体育组织工作了近三年。自从 Since I started,I (help)out at over ten 我开始（当志愿者），我已经协 different sports events.I (make)many new助了十多场不同的体育赛事。我 friends and I even (meet)many 结交了许多新朋友，甚至还见到 famous athletes.For example,I (meet)two了许多著名的运动员。例如，上 national football players from Argentina last month. 个月我遇到了两位来自阿根廷的 They were at a stadium for a charity match.The 国家足球队队员。他们（当时） stadium (be)so big that they (gt)在体育场参加一场慈善比赛。那 lost.I gave them directions and they (smile)个体育场太大了，以至于他们迷 and (thank)me warmly..Before they left,.路了。我给他们指了路，他们微 (ask)them to sign a football for me,and笑着热情地感谢了我。在他们离 they (do)!They said they were happy to 开前，我请他们在足球上为我签 meet a fan from a different country! 名，他们同意了！他们说很高兴 ask sb to do sth请求某人假某事 遇到来自不同国家的球迷！ O【参考答案】have worked;have helped;have made;have;met;met;was;got;smiled; thanked;asked;did 4Work in groups.Interview your groupmates 4©分组合作。用以下问题采 using the questions below.Share the answers 访你的组员。与全班分享 with the class. 答案。 ·你认识你最好的朋友/那个女 known your best friend/that girl/...? 孩/…多久了？ How long 。你拥有你最喜欢的玩具/包… had your favourite toy /bag/...? have you 多久了？ lived in this town your neighbourhood/...? ●你在这个城镇/你的社区/… 住多久了？ 教材笔记英语八年级下册 B How does helping others make a difference? 帮助他人如何产生影响？ Look at the pictures of some Blue Sky Rescue ①⊙看一些蓝天救援队志愿者的 volunteers and discuss the questions. 照片，并讨论问题。 l.What do you think the volunteers in blue are 1.你认为穿蓝色衣服的志愿者们 doing? 正在做什么？ 2.Have you heard any stories about Blue Sky 2.你听说过关于蓝天救援队的故 Rescue? 事吗？ detifyngthe features of a speech 发现演讲的特点 A speech can start with a hook to make the 一场演讲可以以一个引 audience curious about what the speaker will say 人入胜的开头来使听众对演 next.A story,an interesting fact,or even a question 讲者接下来要说的内容感到 can be a hook.A speech can also include a call to 好奇。一个故事，一个有趣 action by encouraging people to do something. 的事实，甚至一个问题都可 以成为一种吸引人的开头。 “by+动词-i1g 宾语从句用 充当方式状语 陈述句序 演讲还可以包含行动号召， 鼓励人们去做某事。 Read the speech by a Blue Sky Rescue olunteer. ⑥阅读蓝天救援队志愿者的 What kind of hook does the speaker use?Which 演讲。演讲者使用了哪种 paragraph includes a call to action? 吸引人的开头？哪一段包 Ladies and gentlemen,thank you for inviting me to 含了行动号召？ 女士们、先生们，感谢你们 Unit 8 Making a Difference 23 speak to you about Blue Sky Rescue today.Let me 邀请我今日和大家讲讲蓝天救援 begin with my own story. 队。让我从自己的故事讲起。 Back in 2008,I was hiking in the mountains with 回到2008年，我正在和一 some friends when one of them fell and got a bad 些朋友在山区徒步时，突然其中 head injury.We had to find help quickly,so we 一人摔倒了，导致了严重的头部 called an:emergency number.It was already dark, 创伤。我们必须尽快寻求救援， 动词形式为injure 所以我们拨打了紧急电话。天已 and we couldn't even see where we were..After经黑了，我们甚至看不清我们在 some time,we heard dogs barking and the voices of 哪里。一段时间后，我们听到了 the Blue Sky Rescue team.I nearly started crying. 犬吠声和蓝天救援队的声音。我 We were so thankful that they found us! 几乎要哭出来了，我们太感激他 I've never forgotten that day.Since then,I've们找到了我们！ wanted to help others too.I signed up with Blue 我从未忘记过那天。此后我 Sky Rescue in 2009,and I've been a volunteer ever 也想要帮助他人。2009年我加入 since.We've been to schools and other communities 了蓝天救援队，从那以后，我一 to teach children and adults how to stay safe and直是一名志愿者。我们走进学校 prepare for the worst.We've also rescued people和其他社区，教孩子和成人如何 形容词作前置定语 保障安全以及应对最坏的情况。 during emergencies..We've provided medical我们还在紧急事件中救人，在自 aid and searched for missing people after natural 然灾害（发生)后，我们提供了 disasters,like the 2013 earthquake in Ya'an and the 医疗援助，并搜寻失踪人员，例 typhoon in the Philippines in the same year.In 2023, 如2013年雅安地震和同一年的 we even helped in places as far away as Tirkiye! 菲律宾台风。2023年，我们甚至 Working as a volunteer has taught me many practical 援助了谣远的土耳其等地区！ life-saving skills.It has also helped me understand 作为志愿者的工作让我学到 the power of teamwork because it's the key to 了许多实用的救生技能。它也帮 successful rescues..Most of all,.being a volunteer助我理解团队合作的力量，因为 has taught me the value of every life. 这是成功救援的关键。最重要的 The work is difficult..It's voluntary,so we aren't是，作为志愿者的经历让我懂得 paid.We often go without food or sleep.But our了每一个生命的价值。 goal has always been to save as many people as we 这份工作很难。这是自愿的， 24 教材笔记英语八年级下册