板块1 专题1 专题强化训练4 议论文-【备考最优解】2026版高考二轮专题复习·英语创新版（教用word）

专题强化训练 专题强化训练4　议论文 题源：http：//www.dictall.com Over the past several decades, there has been a growing trend of nostalgia(怀旧) in popular culture, with the number of remakes and revivals of classic films, television shows and music at an all-time high. Dozens of old TV shows have also been rebooted in the past few years, old movies are being remade, much of the music that's been released lately has been engineered to sound like it came from the past, and a subset of recent video games either build upon old games or are made to look and feel like old games. This trend has led some scholars to debate whether nostalgia is a positive or negative force in popular culture. Specifically, they want to know: Is nostalgia a source of creativity and inspiration? Or, is our increasing reliance on nostalgia the sign of a dying culture that's stuck in the past? According to scholars, the jury is out. Some scholars argue that nostalgia can be an obstruction of creativity and innovation. They point out that when creators rely too heavily on nostalgia, they may be less likely to take risks and come up with new ideas. Others argue that nostalgia can be a positive force in popular culture. They point out that nostalgia can help to connect people with their past and create a sense of community, which can then be a source of inspiration for new creative works. They also argue that consumers are more willing to watch, listen and play with new media content that is familiar to them in some way. So, then...what if nostalgia can be a source of inspiration for new creative works? What if, by looking back, we can more easily move forward? Personally, I believe that nostalgic content, when used correctly, can be a positive force for creating new, innovative content. Even though all of these remakes and do-overs might make us think that no creative progress is being made, there is actually research that suggests that nostalgia inspires creativity and innovation. In other words, by returning to the past, we can pave the way for creative progress. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了怀旧在流行文化中的作用。 1．What can we learn about nostalgia from paragraph 1? A．Nostalgia heavily relies on movies. B．Nostalgia implies a total dying of new culture. C．Nostalgia has a great impact on most video games. D．Nostalgia has been widely applied in popular culture. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Over the past several decades...music at an all-time high.”可知，怀旧在流行文化中被广泛应用。 2．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean? A．Nostalgia has some side effects. B．People can benefit from nostalgia. C．Some scholars think highly of nostalgia. D．It's uncertain whether nostalgia is harmful or useful. D　解析：句意猜测题。根据画线句下文“Some scholars argue that...force in popular culture.”可知，对于怀旧起积极作用还是消极作用这个问题，学者们尚无定论。 3．What's the author's attitude towards nostalgia? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent. A　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Personally, I believe that...creating new, innovative content.”可知，作者对于怀旧持积极态度。 4．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Nostalgia Serves as a Warning to Pop Culture B．Nostalgia Plays a Complicated Role in Pop Culture C．Nostalgia Indicates the Future Path of Pop Culture D．Nostalgia Leads the Current Trend of Pop Culture B　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文探讨了怀旧在流行文化中的作用，以及学者们对此的不同看法。B项最适合作文章的标题。 A (2025·长春质检)An alarming phenomenon has sprung up over the past few years: Many students are arriving at college unprepared to read entire books. Many students are overwhelmed at the thought of reading multiple books in a semester. They shut down when they're faced with ideas they don't understand. Why is this happening? The attraction of smartphones and social media came up, and it appears that many middle and high schools are teaching fewer full books. But one possible cause that I nod to is a change in values, not ability. The problem does not appear to be that kids these days are incurious or uninterested in reading. Instead, young people might be responding to a cultural message: Books just aren't that important. I once spoke with 33 professors at some top universities, who didn't think their students were lazy. It is not unusual that their students' schedules are crowded with activities that are less about personal development and more relevant to future employment.“There are too many demands on their time to devote themselves fully to works of literature that might take 20 hours to consume，” said James Shapiro, an English professor at Columbia. In 1971，37% students said that a core objective of their college years was to become well-off financially. 73% said it was to develop a meaningful philosophy of life. By 2015, those numbers had almost reversed (颠倒). Experts and parents alike have emphasized preprofessional courses but downplayed the importance of humanistic study. However society changes, there is no denying that reading is of significance. If we've shifted what we hold in esteem (推崇), it is reasonable that we could, as a society, shift back. The responsibility doesn't lie only in Generation Z. Everyone who's upset about the change has a role to play in reversing it. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章指出近几年来出现很多大学生没有准备好阅读整本书的现象，并分析了其原因。 1．According to the author, what is the cause of the phenomenon? A．Many distractions from digital devices. B．Inadequate preparations for college life. C．A misguided belief in reading full books. D．Disqualifications of secondary school teachers. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “But one possible cause that...just aren't that important.”可推知， 作者认为出现这种现象的原因是人们对阅读整本书这件事的观点是错误的。 2.What can be inferred from James Shapiro's words? A．Schools should offer time management courses. B．Students are occupied with their works of literature. C．Reading literary pieces is beyond students' available time. D．Professors believe employment is more related to personal growth. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “‘There are too many demands on their time...consume，’ said James Shapiro”可推知，詹姆斯·夏皮罗认为阅读文学作品超出了学生们可利用的时间。 3.What does the underlined word “downplayed” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Highlighted. B．Underestimated. C．Recognized. D．Misunderstood. B　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句 “Experts and parents alike...importance of humanistic study.”可知， 专家和家长都强调职前课程， 画线词前的but表转折， 所以 downplay 应与 emphasize“强调”意思相反，意为“贬低”。 4．What is the author's purpose of writing the last paragraph? A．To restate an opinion. B．To stir up a debate. C．To issue an announcement. D．To put forward a proposal. D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者是在呼吁大家共同努力，重视阅读。因此，作者写最后一段的目的是提出一个建议。 B (2025·太原高三模拟)If you're digitally skilled, it has likely been a while since you spent much time writing by hand. The laborious process of tracing out our thoughts, letter by letter, on the page is becoming a thing of the past in our screen-dominated world, where text messages and thumb-typed grocery lists have replaced handwritten letters and sticky notes. To keep up, many schools are introducing computers as early as preschool, which means some kids may learn the basics of typing before writing by hand. Although electronic keyboards offer obvious efficiency benefits, giving up handwriting may come at a significant cost. Typing pays no attention to the form of the letters—only involving relatively simple and uniform movements. By contrast, handwriting is a complex task. The motor system has to delicately adjust the pressure that each finger applies on the pen to recreate each letter. Adding to the complexity, your visual system must continuously process that letter as it's formed, with your brain making adjustments to fingers in real time to create the letters' shapes.“This process lets you make your body and what you are seeing mesh，” says Robert Wiley, a cognitive psychologist at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, adding “such complexity is crucial to mental development.” Screens and keyboards replacing pen and paper might affect kids' ability to learn letters, which is actually an important predictor of later reading and math attainments. If young children are not receiving any handwriting training, their brains simply won't reach their full potential. For adults, typing often results in failing to actually process information. During a lecture, it's possible to type what they're hearing word for word. But often, they're just typing blindly, failing to make information their own. On the other hand, taking notes by hand forces them to write only key words and use drawings or arrows to work through ideas. Actually, we don't have to drop digital tools, like graphics tablets and smart pens, to capitalize on the power of handwriting. Recent research suggests that writing on a screen activates the same brain pathways as writing on paper. It's the movement that counts, not its final form. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了在屏幕主导的世界里，手写逐渐被打字取代，并对比了打字和手写的不同，指出放弃手写可能会付出很大代价。 5．What does the author intend to convey in paragraph 1? A．Abandoning handwriting is unwise. B．Digital literacy is essential nowadays. C．Handwritten communication is out of date. D．Computer courses are urgently needed in preschools. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的 “Although electronic keyboards...at a significant cost.”可推知，作者在第一段想要表达放弃手写是不明智的。 6．What does the underlined word “mesh” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Set up. B．Run fast. C．Mess up. D．Work together. D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句上文可知，手写是一项复杂的任务，运动神经系统及视觉系统都要进行协调处理，同时大脑要实时地对手指进行调整，以形成字母的形状。由此可推知，此处强调在手写的过程中，你的身体和你所看见的东西会相互协调，故画线词与 D 项的意思最为接近。 7．What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A．Blind typing contributes to brain development. B．Kids have a preference for screens and keyboards. C．Handwritten markers are good for getting ideas linked. D．Adults have the ability to memorize complex information. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “On the other hand, taking notes...work through ideas.”可推知，手写标记有助于将想法联系起来。 8．What is the author's attitude towards using digital pens? A．Doubtful. B．Critical. C．Favorable. D．Unclear. C　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为人们不必放弃数字工具来利用手写的力量，重要的是书写的动作，而不是最终形式。由此可推知，作者对使用数字笔书写持支持的态度。 C (2025·泰安高三检测)Environmental journalist Adria Vasil has a message that might disturb your shopping plans. Avoid returning online purchases, she urges, since the vast majority are thrown away or burnt. In an interview, Vasil explained that it's often not worth a company's time or money to send someone to eyeball the product and say, “Is this up to standard? Is this returnable? Did someone damage the box in some way？” And if it's clothing, it has to be re-pressed and put back in a nice package. Shopping habits have changed in recent years, and the amount of associated waste has also exploded. Over the past five years, returns by Canadians have increased by 95%. A huge part of the issue is a practice called “bracketing”， where someone orders multiple sizes in order to get the right one and then ships back the ones that don't fit. Brands do not want to deal with those returns. They'd rather just get rid of them. Nor do they wish to donate them because that could “devalue” their brand. Vasil urges shoppers to reconsider returning goods. If something doesn't fit, ask if it can be passed on to someone else or donated. She suggests buying second-hand items. What she doesn't say directly is that perhaps we should change our consumption model. Not only could this limit consumerism and the purchase of goods we don't really need, but it would also force us to visit the store in person, which has the added benefit of supporting local business owners. Store policies could be changed to limit returns. There's already a precedent. The Package Free Shop, run by zero waste expert Lauren Singer, has a no-return policy and says that if there are any issues with a product, they'll be addressed on a case-by-case basis. But really, if we're being honest, just start taking responsibility for our shopping habits. Everything will leave a footprint on the earth, so we need to reduce manufacturing demand. Buy only what you need and will use, and make the extra effort to go to a store and try something on. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了在线购物退货问题，指出大量退货导致了环境和社会问题，并提出了一些解决方案。 9．What can we know according to Adria Vasil? A．Online purchases might be reduced. B．Returns cannot be sold at full price. C．All the returns must be repackaged. D．Returns may result in additional labour costs. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Vasil explained that...to eyeball the product”可推知，阿德里亚·瓦西尔认为退货可能导致额外的劳动力成本。 10．What is the main reason for the large number of returns? A．Brands' willingness to receive returned items. B．Unreliable sizing standards for online clothing. C．The popularity of bracketing among consumers. D．An increase in the purchase of non-essential goods. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A huge part of the issue is a practice called ‘bracketing’．..the ones that don't fit.”可知，消费者订购多个尺码以找到适合自己的尺码，然后退回不适合的尺码，是导致大量退货的主要原因之一。 11.What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 4 probably refer to? A．Avoiding online shopping. B．Giving up returned goods. C．Refusing new purchases. D．Donating second-hand products. A　解析：代词指代题。根据画线词所在句上文可知，瓦西尔没有直接说的是，也许我们应该改变我们的消费模式；根据画线词所在句中的“it would...in person”可知，这将促使我们亲自去商店。由此可推知，画线词this指代改变消费模式，即避免在线购物。 12．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? A．Online stores should handle returns differently. B．Consumers should adopt responsible shopping habits. C．Zero-waste shops are the ultimate solution to returns. D．Returns are crucial for maintaining customer satisfaction. B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可推知，消费者应该养成负责任的购物习惯，从而减少退货和浪费。 外刊 [障碍词]reboot v．重新启动　a subset of一小部分　reliance n．依赖，依靠　obstruction n．阻碍，妨碍　do-over n．返工　pave the way for为……铺平道路/创造条件　[熟词生义]high(常用义)adj.高的 (文章义)n.最高水平，最大数量　engineer(常用义)n.工程师 (文章义)v.设计制造 A篇 [高频词]phenomenon n．现象　schedule n．工作计划， 日程安排　be crowded with挤满，充满　be relevant to...与……相关，和……有联系　objective n．目标，目的　emphasize v．强调，重视，着重　[障碍词]spring up冒出，涌出；突然生长或出现 be overwhelmed at...对……感到不知所措　incurious adj.不感兴趣的，不好奇的，漫不经心的　humanistic adj.人文主义的 B篇 [障碍词]laborious adj.费劲的，耗时费力的　a sticky note便利贴，报事贴　keep up齐步前进，并驾齐驱，跟上　at a cost付出代价　uniform adj.一致的， 统一的　by contrast相比之下　complexity n．复杂性，难懂；难题　predictor n．有预测作用的事物，预示物　attainment n．成就，造诣；达到，获得　word for word一字不差地，逐字地　work through解决(难题)，处理(不快的事) capitalize on/upon充分利用……，从……中获得更多的好处　[熟词生义]trace(常用义)n.痕迹，遗迹，踪迹v.查出， 找到，发现，追踪 (文章义)v.描绘(事物的过程或发展)，追述，记述 C篇 [高频词]urge v. 极力主张，强烈要求　associated adj.相关的，有联系的　explode v．激增，猛增　multiple adj.多个的　consumption n．消费　consumerism n．消费主义　in person亲自　[障碍词]up to standard符合标准　returnable adj.可退还的 re-press v．重新熨烫　devalue v．使贬值，降低……的价值　precedent n．先例　manufacture v．生产　try on试穿 [熟词生义]eyeball(常用义)n.眼球 (文章义)v.仔细查看，审视 长难句 分析 [A篇]It is not unusual that their students' schedules are crowded with activities that are less about personal development and more relevant to future employment. [分析]　本句是主从复合句。句中It作形式主语，第一个that引导的主语从句作真正的主语；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词activities。 [译文]　他们的学生的日程安排挤满了那些与个人发展关系不大而与未来就业更相关的活动，这并不罕见。 [B篇]Adding to the complexity, your visual system must continuously process that letter as it's formed, with your brain making adjustments to fingers in real time to create the letters' shapes. [分析]　本句是主从复合句。句中“Adding to the complexity”为现在分词短语作状语；as引导时间状语从句；“with...shapes”为with复合结构，其中“to create...shapes”为动词不定式短语作目的状语。 [译文]　更复杂的是，你的视觉系统必须在字母书写的过程中持续处理其形态，同时大脑实时对手指进行调整，以形成字母的形状。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $