板块1 专题1 群文阅读 专练4 事理阐释类议论文-【备考最优解】2026版高考二轮专题复习·英语创新版（教用word）

专练四　事理阐释类议论文 (2025·湖州一模)The oak tree has been in southern England continuously for 12，000 years. But does it have a future? By 2050, London's weather could resemble that of Barcelona, with long stretches of summer drought. These ancient trees were not designed to thrive in such conditions. Around the world, millions of creatures facing unprecedented(空前的) temperatures and habitat loss are on the move. We do not tend to think of trees as migratory: they are slow-growing and rooted to the ground. Faced with this problem, the ecologist Charlie Cardner is one of a growing number proposing a radical, controversial solution: we help the trees on their march. Some scientists advocate moving individual species hundreds of kilometres north, within the country and from abroad. Others say the entire ecosystems should be translocated, moving multiple species at once. The “assisted migration” is divisive. Conservationists have long argued against introducing non-native species. They have concerns about unintended consequences of assisted migration. “Large-scale moving of ecosystems can't be undone (撤销)，so it should be very much a last choice，” said Andrew Allen from the Woodland Trust. Allen believes we should prioritise helping native trees adapt to changes by encouraging natural regeneration, expanding and connecting existing woodlands. But others say those arguments fail to deal with the speed or size of change caused by the climate crisis. “Earlier in my career the narrative was all about restoring past baselines, and then, as I got more independent in my research, I realised that's impossible. We are changing the climate so much, so we have to be a little more inventive. When we have examples of assisted migration, it's often with species which are absolutely on the edge of extinction and have run out of other options，”said Sarah Dalrymple, a conservation ecologist from the University of Liverpool, who is part of the task force. She wants to see assisted migration explored earlier, working with species before their populations become so small.“You can never get rid of all the risks, but there is also risk in inaction，” she said.“The risk of inaction is increasing every day.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了气候变化下树木生存的困境及 “辅助迁移” 方案引发的争议与不同立场。 1．What is the problem facing ancient trees in London? A．Long summer. B．Habitat destruction. C．Extreme weather. D．Slow growth. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By 2050, London's weather...thrive in such conditions.”可知，伦敦的古树面临极端天气带来的问题。 2．Which of the following statements may Andrew Allen agree with? A．Large-scale moving of ecosystems is impossible. B．Assisted migration may contribute to bad results. C．Non-native species are beneficial to ecosystems. D．Native species can survive changes by themselves. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容，尤其是安德鲁·艾伦说的话可推知，他同意辅助迁移可能带来不良后果这一观点。 3．What does Sarah Dalrymple urge people to do in the last paragraph? A．Stop changing the climate. B．Have more options to help species. C．Help native trees to adapt to climate changes. D．Take action earlier to prevent species' extinction. D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“She wants to see...become so small.”可知，萨拉·达尔里姆普尔希望能更早地探索辅助迁移，在物种数量变得稀少之前就采取行动。 4．What might be the author's attitude towards assisted migration? A．Supportive. B．Cautious. C．Objective. D．Doubtful. C　解析：观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者并没有明确表达支持或反对的立场，而是客观地呈现了不同的观点和论据。因此，作者对于辅助迁移古树持客观态度。 (2025·海南一模)A recent survey in the US found that Gen Zers and Millennials (千禧一代) visit libraries more often than their parents or grandparents. The young love libraries because they are secure, comfortable, free and—as my 11-year-old would say—“aesthetic”. This means they look good in the background of an online video. It's also a great place to meet people. If you're both young and in a library, the chances are you have similar interests. And then, too, there are the books. Gen Zers are turning out to be big readers, especially of paper books. Even though, or perhaps because, they have in their pockets the most limitlessly distracting devices ever invented, many are deliberately choosing to pick up a piece of 15th-century technology instead. They like the fact that books are self-contained and require concentration. There is, sometimes, a sense of nostalgic (怀旧的) cosplay in the way young people read. In New York, for example, the latest craze is reading with strangers in bars. You have to buy a ticket in advance, and then you all gather and sit in silence for 30 minutes, reading whatever book you've brought along. It's like an expensive version of going to the library, except that afterwards you all have a drink and talk about books. The very thought of it makes me suffer, but that's because I'm a child of the 1970s and 1980s. To me, reading is a private pleasure, while screens—TV or cinema—are social. I did once, in a fit of ambitious parenting, introduce a “family reading hour”， during which my husband and children were pressed to join me at the fireside for some silent reading. It could not have felt more performative if we had dressed up in top hats and crinolines (旧时的裙衬). But still, I applaud these young readers—for knowing what is good for them, for seeking out human connection, for finding the beauty and pleasure in old institutions, and for bringing new life to the library. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了Z世代和千禧一代喜欢去图书馆的原因、新的读书方式和作者对读书的见解。 5．Which of the following is a reason why the young love libraries? A．They enjoy the sense of safety and freedom. B．They are free to use social media in libraries. C．They consider e-reading a way to discover beauty. D．They expect to meet people with different interests. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The young love libraries... ‘aesthetic’．”可知，年轻人喜欢图书馆，因为它们安全、舒适、自由，而且“有美感”。 6．What do we know about the latest craze in New York? A．It's a trend of reading with the family in bars. B．It's a learning approach advocating silent reading. C．It's a gathering attended by strangers free of charge. D．It's a reading fashion integrating the old and the new. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，纽约最新的酒吧共读热潮是一种融合新旧的阅读时尚。 7．What can be learned about the author's understanding of reading from paragraph 4? A．It is a delightful social experience. B．It is a way of personal enjoyment. C．It is a significant parenting pattern. D．It is a painful routine practice. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To me, reading is a private pleasure”可知，作者认为阅读是一种个人享受的方式。 8．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．A Gen Z Way to Refresh Libraries B．A Realistic Look of Library Reading C．A Broad View of Libraries and Social Media D．A New Way to See Human Connection with Libraries A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了Z世代和千禧一代喜欢去图书馆这一研究发现，并探讨了其背后的原因，作者认为Z世代给图书馆带来了新的生命力。因此，A项适合作本文最佳标题。 (2025·太原二模)AI has convinced many that we must reform education. Now that chatbots can speedily access information and answer complex questions, why bother memorizing historical facts or quotations? Shouldn't we instead teach kids to think critically and solve problems, leaving the boring work to computers? In a 2000 essay, two years after a major search engine was founded, educator E．D．Hirsch demolished the argument that we can always just look things up.“Cognitive(认知的)psychology holds that prior knowledge helps us absorb more of what we learn and provides the fuel for creative thinking，” he wrote. “The Internet has placed a wealth of information at our fingertips. To be able to use that information, we must already possess a storehouse of knowledge.” The former UK school minister echoed this in 2021，stating that the ability to “just search it” is highly dependent on what person has stored in their long-term memory. The suggestion that we should outsource our memory to “free up” limited space for more active thinking is based on a misconception. Thanks to the brain's plasticity, its long-term memory center can expand. Daisy Christodoulou, author of Seven Myths About Education, warns that using the Web as a personal memory skips mental consolidation, risking emptying our minds and damaging our learning ability. Indeed, searching online often results in us not being able to recall it later—either because our brains assume we don't need to remember it, or because the digital distractions divide our attention. We're also likely to overestimate our intelligence, mistaking knowledge found on the Internet for our own. If students relied on the Web not just for facts but for thinking, not only memory but also cognition and creativity would face negative outcomes. The once-steady rise in IQ scores has changed in some countries, as reported. Governments are still exploring AI's role in education. While AI may enhance learning, we must not abandon foundational knowledge. In an era of misinformation, it's even more vital that we humans have a firm grasp of basic facts. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了在人工智能时代，教育是否应该进行改革，以及是否应该将记忆工作外包给计算机等问题。 9．What does the underlined word “demolished” mean in paragraph 2? A．Rejected. B．Proved. C．Proposed. D．Defended. A　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上下文语境可知，艾瑞克·唐纳德·赫希认为已有知识很重要，而不是认为我们总是去网上查找信息就行，即他反对“我们可以总是去查找信息”这一观点。由此可知，画线词意为“推翻，驳倒”。 10．What is the key to using online resources according to paragraph 2? A．Learning ability. B．Prior knowledge. C．Creative thinking. D．Long-term memory capacity. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To be able to use that information, we must already possess a storehouse of knowledge.”可知，利用网络资源的关键是已有知识的储备。 11．What result of Web-memory dependence is described in paragraph 3? A．IQ scores will rise. B．Concentration will improve. C．Memory burdens will decline. D．Cognition and creativity will suffer. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If students relied on...face negative outcomes.”可知，依赖网络记忆会导致认知和创造力受损。 12．What do we know from the passage? A．The author advocates education reform. B．Critical thinking is the core of education. C．AI-driven teaching widens knowledge gaps. D．The three experts stand on the same ground. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段内容可知，三位专家都强调了已有知识和自身知识储备的重要性，不赞成过度依赖网络，即他们的立场是一致的。 (2025·辽宁六校联考)Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer the question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity. The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the themes of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love on the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to have power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decrease of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent that the people from whom you are estranged (疏远) accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments, forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note, when we take a classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations，develops with practice. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“原谅是否违背人类本性”这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和社区中的作用和意义。 13．What is Droll's idea about forgiveness? A．Aggressive people should learn to forgive others. B．People should offer mercy to anyone else. C．People forgiving others have their welfare affected. D．Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Droll (1984)...take advantage of them”可知，德罗尔认为宽恕他人的人会影响自身幸福。 14．What does the example in paragraph 2 illustrate? A．To fight is to grow. B．To give is to receive. C．To forgive is to love. D．To dominate is to harm. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，以奴隶制为例，说明了支配会造成负面后果。 15．What is the author's attitude toward forgiveness? A．Reserved. B．Favorable. C．Skeptical. D．Objective. B　解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的“forgiveness plays a key role...the restoration of harmony”可知，作者赞同原谅。 16．What is the message conveyed in the last paragraph? A．Actuality is based on potentiality. B．Forgiveness is in our nature. C．Forgiveness grows with time. D．It takes practice to forgive. D　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“We are not necessarily born with...develops with practice.”可知，需要通过实践来培养和发展原谅的能力。 Test 1 [障碍词]continuously adv.持续地，不间断地　resemble v．像，看起来像　thrive v．茁壮成长　on the move 在进行中　migratory adj.迁移的，迁徙的　radical adj.激进的，彻底的　controversial adj.有争议的　advocate v．提倡，主张　translocate v．迁移，转移(尤指物种或生态系统)　divisive adj.引起分歧的　unintended adj.无意的　large-scale adj.大规模的　prioritise v. 优先处理　regeneration n．再生，更新　narrative n．叙述，说法　inventive adj.有创造力的，创新性的　run out of用尽…… task force特别工作组，专项小组　inaction n．不作为，不行动　[熟词生义]stretch(常用义)v.拉长，伸展 (文章义)n.一段时间 Test 2 [障碍词]aesthetic adj.美学的，审美的　distracting adj.使人分心的　deliberately adv.故意地　self-contained adj.独立的，自立的　craze n．狂热，风行一时的东西　press v．催促，敦促　dress up盛装打扮，装扮　seek out找出，物色到　[熟词生义]fit(常用义)adj.适合的；健康的 (文章义)n.(强烈感情)发作，冲动　applaud(常用义)v.鼓掌 (文章义)v.称赞，赞许　institution(常用义)n.机构 (文章义)n.风俗习惯 Test 3 [障碍词]speedily adv.迅速地　quotation n．引文，引语　critically adv.批判性地　prior adj.已有的，先前的　at our fingertips触手可及　outsource v．外包　misconception n．错误认识，误解　plasticity n．可塑性　distraction n．分散注意力的事物　overestimate v．高估　foundational adj.基础的　misinformation n．虚假信息　[熟词生义]echo(常用义)n.回声 (文章义)v.附和(想法或看法) Test 4 [障碍词]essence n．本质，精髓　distinctly adv.明显地，截然不同地　dominance n．优势，支配地位　aggressive adj.好斗的，有攻击性的　mutual adj.相互的，彼此的　fall apart破裂，瓦解　integrity n．完好， 完整　hatred n．憎恨，仇恨，厌恶 potentiality n．潜在的可能性　actuality n．真实，实际，真实情况 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $