专题1 专题强化训练11 主旨大意题——段落大意题-【备考最优解】2026版高考二轮专题复习·英语（教用word）

专题强化训练11　主旨大意题——段落大意题 A (2025·菏泽一模)Ben was eleven years old when he spotted his neighbour, Julie, working in her garden. He popped his head over the fence, and said to her, “I've seen you're very good with a lawn mower (割草机) and gardening tools. The hedge (树篱) over the pathway near here has become so overgrown that I am planning to cut it back myself. Would you like to help out？” Julie loved the idea of helping Ben and their community. They agreed to cut the hedge the following Sunday. Ben's brother Josh, aged 8 at the time, also came along to help. All three of them tackled away at it until they reduced it. They posted photos of their handiwork on “Our Malmesbury”， their local social media group. The community reaction was amazing. The comments and reactions just kept on coming. The whole town of Malmesbury seemed to embrace their team spirit and felt inspired to follow their lead. Many people raised their hands to volunteer and do more to keep their town tidy. With many willing hands, their town has transformed. Before, the town looked a bit run down, but now, the place looks cleaner and tidier. To keep the projects going, Ben created a social media page and website to support their projects. The social media page “Helping The Community Of Malmesbury” currently sits at 669 members and is a place for all the locals to share what litter picking and cleaning up they have been up to. Ben also managed to sort funding through local businesses and associations. The funding has helped them obtain trees, plants, tools, and gardening equipment. When community members plan a clean-up, they can contact them via the website to access any tools and equipment they need to complete a project. Ben is so pleased that 6 years later, the clean-up campaign is still in full swing. He has just been so overwhelmed with the support over the years that he cannot thank the community enough. Their mission will not stop. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了本和他的邻居以及弟弟一起修剪树篱，并通过社交媒体激发了整个社区的清洁行动，最终使他们的城镇变得更加整洁的故事。 1．What did Ben invite Julie to do? A．Mow the lawn. B．Cut the hedge. C．Repair the fence. D．Help the neighbour. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The hedge over the pathway...Would you like to help out？”可知，本邀请朱莉帮忙修剪树篱。 2．What did the community do after seeing their post? A．They cleaned their town. B．They shared more photos. C．They embraced each other. D．They stood by doing nothing. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The whole town of Malmesbury...keep their town tidy.”可知，社区中的人们在看到他们的帖子后，开始清洁城镇。 3．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Ways to raise funds. B．Efforts to run the projects. C．Scenes of doing cleaning. D．Feelings of managing the projects. B　解析：段落大意题。根据第四段中的“To keep the projects going...Ben also managed to sort funding”可知，本段主要讲述了本为了维持项目所做的努力。 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．No pains, no gains. B．You reap what you sow. C．More haste, less speed. D．Many hands make light work. D　解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段中的“With many willing hands...looks cleaner and tidier.”可知，文章讲述了本和他的邻居以及弟弟一起修剪树篱，并通过社交媒体激发了整个社区的清洁行动，最终使他们的城镇变得更加整洁的故事。因此，我们可以从文章中学到“众人拾柴火焰高”。 B (2025·南京一模)Inspired by an event held by the Dallas-based Daddy Stroller (婴儿车) Social Club (DSSC), a group for fathers, Brandon Shaw wrote an 83-page typed letter to his father. From the Blacklit Bookstore, Kalvin Bridgewater led 15 dads, including his own father, who was seated next to Shaw, in an emotional event where the men dug into what they hated, loved, misunderstood and appreciated about their fathers as they grew up. Founded by Bridgewater in 2021, DSSC initially met with about 30 dads per event but skyrocketed in popularity after two online videos became hits in April 2024. It now attracts over 150 dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another. DSSC's appeal is broad, attracting dads from various professions, including doctors, engineers, and electricians. The group emphasizes emotional support, with members regularly checking in on one another. As Shaw shared, the group provides a space where men can be open, asking, “How are you feeling？” Shaw, who joined the group when he first became a father, said it has made him more patient and understanding. Bridgewater, who became a certified doula (产妇陪护师) to better support his wife through pregnancy (孕期), also ensures DSSC allows partners some time for themselves. At a May event, scheduled just before Mother's Day, mothers had the day off while fathers spent time bonding with their children. Brandon Shaw described the experience as transformative, saying it helped him connect with his own weaknesses, something he had previously kept hidden. He sent the letter he wrote to his father for Father's Day. It arrives soon. He said he doesn't expect a response and just hopes his father reads it. As Bridgewater puts it, fatherhood is just about “being honest and sharing”． 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由卡尔文·布里奇沃特创立的组织为父亲们提供了一个交流和获得情感支持的平台，帮助父亲们更好地面对育儿和生活中的问题，对成员们产生了积极的影响。 5．What can be inferred about DSSC from the first two paragraphs? A．It creates a group of father influencers. B．It repairs broken father-son relationships. C．It promotes fathers' emotional well-being. D．It highlights fathers' vital role in childcare. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容及第二段中的“It now attracts over 150 dads...for one another.”可知，DSSC 组织的活动让父亲们能够表达情感，相互支持，促进了父亲们的情感健康。 6．What makes DSSC appealing? A．Parenting instructions. B．Good childcare service. C．Supportive atmosphere. D．Diverse member backgrounds. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The group emphasizes emotional support...‘How are you feeling？’”可知，DSSC吸引人的地方在于它提供了一个相互支持的氛围。 7．Why is the May event mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To illustrate another aim of DSSC. B．To justify the founder's personal experience. C．To stress the importance of DSSC. D．To show an ideal husband-wife relationship. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，提到五月份的活动是为了说明DSSC的另一个目标，即让伴侣们有自己的时间，同时也让父亲们有机会和孩子建立联系。 8．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The severity of parental issues. B．DSSC's influence on its members. C．The necessity to identify weaknesses. D．Bridgewater's devotion to fatherhood. B　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“Brandon Shaw described the experience...he had previously kept hidden.”可知，最后一段主要讲述了DSSC对成员布兰登·肖的影响，让他能够正视自己的弱点。 C (2025·嘉兴二模)The 18th century German philosopher Immanuel Kant lived very firmly in a world of time. He was so strict about routine that his fellow citizens of Königsberg could set their watches by his afternoon walk. However, in his philosophical work, Kant was doubtful about time. He believed time is created by the human mind. Out there beyond our minds, there is no time. It's simply a “category” of our minds that helps us to perceive objects and order our experience. The flexibility of our time perception supports Kant's doubt. We all know time is not a fixed phenomenon but seems to pass at different speeds in different situations. For example, it seems to go slowly when we travel to unfamiliar places, or when we are bored or in pain. It seems to speed up when we're absorbed, such as when we play music or paint. Our perception of time can change in a dramatic way. Perhaps, at least once in your life, you've had what is called a“Time Expansion Experience (TEE)”， when seconds have stretched out into minutes. TEEs happen most frequently in accidents where perception becomes more intense than normal and thus people notice more details. In accident situations, people are often surprised by the amount of time they have to think and act. In fact, many people are convinced that time expansion spared them from their serious injury, or even death. For example, a woman who reported a TEE in which she avoided a metal barrier falling on to her car said, “For me the slowing down of the moment allowed me to decide how to escape the falling metal on us.” All of this suggests that Kant was right. Perhaps the reason why time is variable is because it doesn't really exist—at least, outside our minds. There is no objective time out there in the universe. What we experience as time is filtered through our minds, and so varies according to our state of mind. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了康德的时间主观性理论及人类时间感知的弹性现象。 9．Which of the following would Immanuel Kant approve of? A．Time is a basic quality of the world. B．Time is a record of human experience. C．Time is a situation measured by daily routine. D．Time is a mental concept generated by humans. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He believed time is created...order our experience.”可知，康德会认可“时间是人类产生的一种精神概念”这一观点。 10．What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A．Time progresses at a constant speed. B．Full attention affects people's sense of time. C．Time perception varies depending on context. D．People feel time slows down on special occasions. C　解析：段落大意题。根据第二段中的“The flexibility of...in different situations.”可知，第二段主要介绍了时间感知因情境而异。 11．What do people think of TEEs in accidents? A．Inspiring.　　　　 B．Beneficial. C．Temporary. D．Painful. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In accident situations...their serious injury, or even death.”可推知，人们认为在事故中的时间膨胀体验是有益的。 12．What can be a suitable title for the passage? A．The Secret of Time: A State of Mind B．Time Expansion: Real or Imaginary? C．Time Perception: A Philosophical Exploration D．The Clockwork of the Mind: How to Measure Time? A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“What we experience...our state of mind.”可知，文章开篇介绍康德认为时间是由人类思维创造的，接着通过讲述时间感知的灵活性以及时间膨胀体验等内容，说明了时间是因我们的精神状态而变化的。因此，A项最适合作文章标题。 题源：https：//www.npr.org/ Eating healthily sounds great, but cutting back on meat, let alone going vegetarian is way easier said than done. But the road to healthy eating doesn't have to include dramatic changes or big sacrifices. You can ease your way into it. That's according to chef Dan Souza. “A lot of times when we get intense meatiness and savoriness (美味), it's from other ingredients that are included with the meat，” Souza said. He pointed out that a chicken breast, for example, is very plain on its own and actually derives its flavor from all the other ingredients with which it's cooked, like soy sauce, salt, lemon or vinegar. “So you can use those ingredients and a much smaller amount of, say, that chicken breast and you get something that is super savory, super enjoyable，” he added. “It's not really about the meat in that instance.” Sautéing meat or vegetables (or even fruit) produces brown, glazed bits at the bottom of the pan known as “fond”. These bits can form the foundation of any recipe, and are a source of flavor and aroma (香味) in what's known as a Maillard reaction. “You hear a lot of chefs talk about it, but it's essentially when proteins and sugars are involved with high heat, you get like hundreds of new flavor compounds and aroma，” Souza said. “Think of a loaf of bread, that browning on the outside or the browning on the edges of a steak. It's responsible for some of the most flavorful foods that we eat.” A lot of people complain they still feel hungry five minutes after eating a mostly-vegetarian meal. Souza said the secret to satisfaction is fiber, which can provide a feeling of fullness for much longer. “Fiber and really complex carbohydrates are very slow to digest, which is really great for a number of reasons，” Souza explained. “Fiber doesn't cause glucose spikes (葡萄糖峰值), which give you that very heavy feeling that makes it hard to go back to work after a meaty lunch.” Cooking and eating mostly meatless may line up with many dietary recommendations, but “it's also a way to eat in my mind that just makes you feel really good，” Souza said. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了健康饮食不易，但不必大改或大牺牲。厨师丹·索萨认为可以用食材来调味，利用膳食纤维增加饱腹感，素食也可以让人吃得舒适。 1．According to Dan Souza, what gives a chicken breast its flavor? A．The chicken breast itself. B．The way it's cooked. C．The other ingredients it's cooked with. D．The high-heat cooking method. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He pointed out that...like soy sauce, salt, lemon or vinegar.”可知，鸡胸肉本身很普通，它的风味来自和它一起烹饪的其他配料。 2．From the passage, what can we infer about the “fond” at the bottom of the pan? A．It is harmful to health. B．It makes food taste better. C．It is easy to remove. D．It has no aroma. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“These bits can form the foundation...as a Maillard reaction.”可推知，它能让食物味道更好。 3．Why does Dan Souza suggest adding fiber to mostly-vegetarian meals? A.Because fiber can make the meals more colorful. B．Because fiber can reduce the cost of the meals. C．Because fiber can provide a feeling of fullness. D．Because fiber can make the cooking process easier. C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Souza said the secret to satisfaction is fiber, which can provide a feeling of fullness for much longer.”可知，膳食纤维能提供更长时间的饱腹感。 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Fiber helps you feel full longer and avoid blood sugar spikes. B．Vegetarian meals are always healthier than meat-based meals. C.Chef Souza prefers cooking with meatless recipes. D．Eating meat causes glucose spikes and makes you feel heavy. A　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段主要讨论了膳食纤维的作用：它能提供更持久的饱腹感，并且不会导致葡萄糖峰值。 A篇 [高频词]tackle v．处理，应对　follow one's lead按照某人的榜样来做　in full swing在热烈进行中；处于兴盛阶段　[障碍词]lawn n．草坪　overwhelmed adj.受到极大震撼的 　[熟词生义]pop (常用义) v．发砰砰声 (文章义) v．伸出　embrace (常用义) v．拥抱；包含 (文章义) v．接受，赞同　run down (常用义) 撞倒 (文章义)破败的，衰败的；失修的　sort (常用义) v．分类，整理 (文章义) v．解决；安排妥当 B篇 [高频词]appreciate v．感激；理解　popularity n．欢迎　as sb. puts it正如某人所说　[障碍词]skyrocket v．飞涨，猛涨　backing n．帮助　electrician n．电工　certified adj.有合格证书的　transformative adj.起改造作用的　[熟词生义]hit (常用义) v．击打 (文章义) n．风行一时的作品(如歌曲、电影等)　bond (常用义) n．纽带 (文章义) v．建立联系　check in (常用义) 登记入住 (文章义) (通过电话等)问候，了解……的情况 C篇 [高频词]routine n．日常习惯，日常安排　stretch v．延续；伸展，拉伸　variable adj.多变的，可变的　[障碍词]philosophical adj.哲学的　perceive v．注意到，意识到，察觉到　dramatic adj.巨大的；突然的　[熟词生义]order (常用义) v．命令 (文章义) v．整理；安排　spare (常用义) v．抽出，留出 (文章义) v．使某人免受(不幸) 外刊 [高频词]cut back on减少　let alone更不用说　sacrifice n．牺牲　at the bottom of在……底部　digest v．消化　line up with与……一致，符合　[障碍词]vegetarian n．素食者　ingredient n．配料；成分　derive v．得到，获得，来自　a loaf of一条……　dietary adj.饮食的　[熟词生义]plain (常用义) adj.清楚的，坦诚的 (文章义) adj.无滋味的　heavy (常用义) adj.重的 (文章义) adj.困倦的，昏昏欲睡的　say (常用义) v．说 (文章义) v．比如，例如 长难句 分析 [A篇]The social media page “Helping The Community Of Malmesbury” currently sits at 669 members and is a place for all the locals to share what litter picking and cleaning up they have been up to. [分析]　本句是复合句。动词不定式短语“to share...”作目的状语，其中what引导宾语从句。 [译文]　这个社交媒体页面“帮助马尔姆斯伯里社区” 目前有 669 名成员，是所有当地人分享他们参与的捡垃圾和清洁活动的地方。 [B篇]From the Blacklit Bookstore, Kalvin Bridgewater led 15 dads, including his own father, who was seated next to Shaw, in an emotional event where the men dug into what they hated, loved, misunderstood and appreciated about their fathers as they grew up. [分析]　本句是复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his own father；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词event，其中what引导宾语从句。 [译文]　在 “黑光书店”，卡尔文·布里奇沃特带领包括自己父亲(坐在肖旁边)在内的 15 位父亲参与了一场情感真挚的活动。活动中，这些男人敞开心扉，深入讨论了成长过程中对自己父亲的厌恶、热爱、误解与感激。 [C篇]Perhaps, at least once in your life, you've had what is called a “Time Expansion Experience (TEE)”， when seconds have stretched out into minutes. [分析]　本句是复合句。what引导宾语从句；when引导定语从句，其先行词是Time Expansion Experience。 [译文]　或许，在你的一生中至少有过一次所谓的 “时间膨胀体验”，即感觉几秒如同几分钟般漫长。 [外刊]Fiber doesn't cause glucose spikes, which give you that very heavy feeling that makes it hard to go back to work after a meaty lunch. [分析]　本句是复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词glucose spikes；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词feeling，在从句中作主语，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to go back to work。 [译文]　膳食纤维不会导致葡萄糖峰值，而这种葡萄糖峰值会让你在吃了一顿肉食为主的午餐之后产生一种非常困倦的感觉，让你难以回去工作。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $