专题1 专题强化训练2 细节理解题——间接细节题-【备考最优解】2026版高考二轮专题复习·英语（教用word）

专题强化训练2　细节理解题——间接细节题 A (2025·聊城一模) Best London Walking Tours Sandemans New London Tours Gain an attractive insight into London's history. Visit the City of London, stopping at St Paul's Cathedral and the Tower of London; explore East London covering Brick Lane and Cockney culture; or board on a five-venue pub crawl. Opening Times: Daily at 11：00 and 14：00 City Visitor Trail The City Visitor Trail takes you on a journey through the heart of London. Take in famous attractions such as St Paul's Cathedral, Guildhall, the Bank of England and the Tower of London or try the themed “side-tracks”， each one moving away from the main path to give a more in-depth look at one part of the city. Opening Times: Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Check with individual attractions for entry requirements. Brit Movie Tours Join a unique movie and TV sightseeing walking tour experience in London and go on locations to see incredible sets and fascinating landmarks. Local guides provide fascinating insights into the industry and there are multiple tours available, including Doctor Who, Gangster of London and Harry Potter Tour of London locations. Opening Times: Monday to Friday 9：00 am to 5：30 pm Royal Tour of London Visit three royal palaces as you journey from Big Ben to Buckingham Palace and Trafalgar Square. Along the way you will discover plots to destroy Parliament, Churchill's hidden shelter, very expensive clubs for the rich and famous, and more. And if that's not exciting enough, listen closely for incredible tales of man-eating pelicans (鹈鹕) and crazy lost tourists. This walking tour is run by Strawberry Tours. Opening Times: The tour starts at 10 am every day. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个不同的伦敦徒步旅行项目。 1．Which tour is not available for tourists working on weekdays? A．Royal Tour of London. B．Sandemans New London Tours. C．Brit Movie Tours. D．City Visitor Trail. C　解析：细节理解题。根据Brit Movie Tours部分中的“Opening Times: Monday to Friday 9：00 am to 5：30 pm”可知，英国电影主题游在工作日开放，故不适合工作日上班的人。 2．What can bring tourists thrill on the Royal Tour of London? A．Visiting some film-making locations. B．Listening to some unbelievable legends. C．Participating in making films. D．Sampling good wine. B　解析：细节理解题。根据Royal Tour of London部分中的“And if that's not exciting enough, listen closely for incredible tales of man-eating pelicans and crazy lost tourists.”可知，听一些不可思议的故事会带给游客刺激。 3．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A travel guide. B．An academic magazine. C．A course brochure. D．A business plan. A　解析：文章出处题。根据全文内容以及文章标题可知，文章介绍了四个不同的伦敦徒步旅行项目，由此可推知，文章可能出自旅游指南。 B (2025·济南一模)It's a classic complaint in relationships, especially romantic ones: “She said she was okay with me forgetting her birthday! Then why is she throwing dishes in the kitchen? Are the two things related? ” The answer is YES. Communication is more than words. It's how those words are said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a particular word. It's multi-dimensional, as explored by Deirdre Wilson and Dan Sperber in Meaning and Relevance. Consider the following example: Peter got angry and Mary left; Mary left and Peter got angry. Though identical in words, their meanings differ completely. The first one may have us thinking: Wow, Peter must get angry often if Mary leaves. The second sentence suggests that Peter wants more from Mary. Same words—a totally different context. Human language is not a code (编码). True codes have a one-to-one relationship with meaning. One sound, one definition. This is what we see with animals. Wilson and Sperber explain that coded communication works best when emitter (发出者) and receiver share exactly the same code. Not so for humans. We communicate more than the definitions of our words would suggest. This is inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken. Irony (反语) is a great example of how powerfully we can communicate context with a few simple words. It is more than just stating the opposite. For example, when Mary says, after a boring party, “That was fun”， she is neither saying literally that the party was fun nor saying ironically that the party was boring. Rather, she is expressing an emotion. Three words replace paragraphs, showcasing language's efficiency. Wilson and Sperber concluded that human language developed and became so powerful because of two unique abilities of humans: language and the power to try to interpret mental states of others. We look for context for the words we hear. And we should be very good at absorbing this context to infer meaning. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类语言交流特点及反语在交流中的作用。 4．What does the complaint in paragraph 1 mainly indicate? A．The inconsistence between words and meaning. B．The importance of remembering vital moments. C．The necessity of straightforward communication. D．The unavoidability of argument in a couple's life. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容以及第二段中的“Communication is more than words...a particular word.”可推知，第一段的抱怨主要表明了言语和意思之间的不一致。 5．What may make human language different from true codes? A.The context included in understanding meanings. B.The definitions made by words in communication. C.The coded communication between emitter and receiver. D.The one-to-one relationship between word and meaning. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，在理解人类语言时，不仅要理解所说的单词，更要理解他们所使用的语境，即理解意义时所包含的语境使人类语言不同于真正的编码。 6．How does Mary's statement “That was fun” illustrate about irony? A．It simplifies language to save time. B．It covers the true feelings of people. C．It needs wordy explanations to make sense. D．It uses fewer words for complex meanings. D　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Irony is a great example of how powerfully we can communicate context with a few simple words.”可知，玛丽的陈述“那很有趣”用更少的词表达了复杂的意思，从而说明了反语的特点。 7．What does the author suggest in communication? A．Focusing on the opposite. B．Taking language literally. C．Reading beyond the words. D．Avoiding using ironic tones. C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者认为在交流中应该理解话语背后的意思，而非局限于字面意思。 C (2025·常州一模)Today's digital media deliver rapid messages—such as phone notifications and text overlays on videos—to our brains at an impressive speed, far faster than spoken words reach us. But can we process these texts as quickly as we can determine the makeup of the visuals that are also a part of our screen life? The scientists began their research by considering current scientific explanations of how we understand language, which center on word-by-word sentence processing models. They concluded these don't effectively account for how quickly our brains can process entire sentences seen at a glance, as opposed to word by word like in speech. The scientists used a technique called magnetoencephalography (脑磁图描技术), which uses magnetic (磁的) fields to track electrical activity in the brain. While being scanned, volunteers were presented with a three-word sentence structure that flashed onto a screen for 300 milliseconds, followed by a second set of words that was either identical or differed by one word. The participants were asked to assess whether the second sentence was the same as the first or had been changed. The scans revealed that the left temporal cortex of the brain, which is an important part of the brain's ability to understand language, showed higher levels of activity for three-word sentences than random word lists. The activity appeared in just 125 milliseconds. The fastest brain activity was observed when phrases like “nurses clean wounds” were presented, in comparison to noun lists such as “hearts lungs livers”． A similar rapid response was noted when sentences with a subject, verb and object were altered so that they contained an agreement error—for example “nurses cleans wounds”—or became implausible (难以置信的), for example “wounds clean nurses”. But the effect disappeared when the sentences were given less typical structures, for example “wounds nurses clean”． While the authors note they focused on English, adding that rapid at-a-glance comprehension may rely on other features in different languages, they say the study offers new insights. “The earliest stage of at-a-glance comprehension appears to be more structure than meaning driven，” they write. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于人类大脑对句子的一瞥理解，介绍了研究开展的经过以及研究的影响。 8．What did the new research focus on? A.The impact of constant flood of short messages. B.Human brain's comprehension of screen visuals. C.The essence of word-by-word sentence processing. D.Human brain's at-a-glance sentence comprehension. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，这项新研究的重点是人类大脑对句子的一瞥理解。 9．What task did researchers set for volunteers of the experiment? A．Indicating whether the sentences match. B．Correcting mistakes in the flashed sentences. C.Interpreting the meanings of unstructured sentences. D.Combining unrelated words to form meaningful sentences. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The participants were asked to assess whether the second sentence was the same as the first or had been changed.”可知，研究人员安排实验志愿者指出句子是否匹配。 10．Which of the following was associated with the quickest brain response? A．Lists of nouns. B．Three-word sentences. C．Unstructured words. D．Less typical structures. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The scans revealed...the brain's ability to understand language, showed higher levels of activity for three-word sentences than random word lists.”可知，与最快的大脑反应有关的是三个单词的句子。 11．What does the last paragraph talk about concerning the research? A．Its implication. B．Its practical application. C．Expectations for follow-up studies. D．Scientists with new perspectives. A　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“they say the study offers new insights. ‘The earliest stage...meaning driven，’ they write.”可知，这项研究提供了新的见解。由此可推知，最后一段讲了研究可能的影响。 题源：https：//www.times.co.nz/ Upgrading the wastewater network in Beachlands Maraetai is part of a $12 million renewals programme to improve Auckland's wastewater infrastructure, Watercare says. The renewal programme aims to enhance network resilience (恢复力) and address issues within Auckland's wastewater network, which spans approximately 8，800 kilometres. Watercare project manager Isileli Aholelei says crews have been investigating and renewing wastewater pipelines, manholes and household connections in the Pohutukawa Coast area since the middle of April. “CCTV technology has enabled us to identify and get real-time footage (片段) of the defects, such as cracks and displaced joints, throughout the network. When we began assessing the footage, we realised that to improve the network's overall performance and lifetime, we would need to extend the scope of our rehabilitation work from the initial 1.9 km we had planned to 5.8 km of the network.” Aholelei says to get the job done at pace, Watercare has two crews working at the same time: one undertaking the investigation work, with the other handling the relining. “So far, we have managed to investigate and rehabilitate almost one kilometre of pipeline, 11 household connections and two manholes in the area. By the end of this month, our aim is to have 1.3 km of pipeline, 25 household connections and 10 manholes rehabilitated.” Aholelei says Watercare is using a tried-and-true trenchless (无开挖的) method called Cured-In-Place-Pipe (CIPP) to reline the pipes. “CIPP is a minimally invasive method that allows us to repair damaged sewer pipes without having to replace them. The installation involves inserting a flexible liner into the pipe via one manhole, which is then pulled through to the pipe's next manhole.” Aholelei thanks the Pohutukawa Coast community for its patience, support, and cooperation while crews have been working there. “Much of the work is taking place within public reserves, roadways, berms, and on residential properties, which may lead to partial traffic disruptions and temporary bad smell in the nearby areas. I'm proud of our crews who are working closely with residents to minimise disruptions while we carry out this critical work to improve the performance of the wastewater network in Beachlands and Maraetai，” he said. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。奥克兰斥资1 200万美元升级海滨污水管网，采用CIPP技术修复5.8公里管道，并获得居民支持配合施工。 1．Why did Watercare decide to extend the scope of their rehabilitation work? A．Because the initial 1.9 km plan was too expensive to complete. B．Because the CCTV technology revealed more defects than expected in the network. C．Because the community requested a larger area to be repaired. D．Because the crew wanted to finish the work faster by covering more area. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，因为CCTV技术揭示了比预期更多的污水管网中的缺陷，所以奥克兰水务局决定扩大其修复工作的范围。 2．What is the unique feature of the Cured-In-Place-Pipe (CIPP) method? A．It requires digging up the entire pipeline for replacement. B．It involves inserting a flexible liner through two manholes to repair the pipe. C．It can only be used for short sections of pipeline. D．It is a newly invented method with no proven track record. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“CIPP is a minimally invasive method...through to the pipe's next manhole.”可知，CIPP方法的独特之处在于它通过两个孔(起点和终点)插入柔性衬里来修复管道，而不需要挖掘整条管道。 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．The work has not caused any inconvenience to the local residents. B．The community's support is crucial for the smooth progress of the project. C．Watercare will stop the renewal work after reaching the initial planned scope. D．The CCTV technology is not very useful in detecting network defects. B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Aholelei thanks...working there.” 以及 “I'm proud of...while we carry out this critical work”可推知，社区的支持对于项目的顺利进行至关重要。 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To introduce the CCTV technology used in wastewater network investigation. B．To thank the Pohutukawa Coast community for their support. C.To explain the reasons for traffic disruptions in Beachlands Maraetai. D．To describe the $12 million renewals programme for Auckland's wastewater infrastructure. D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕奥克兰海滩区1 200 万美元的废水基础设施修复计划展开，介绍了计划内容、工作进展、采用的技术等。 A篇 [高频词]gain an insight into获得对……的见解/了解　incredible adj.难以置信的　fascinating adj.迷人的　[障碍词]lane n．小路，小巷　trail n．小径，路线　in-depth adj.彻底的，深入详尽的　[熟词生义]crawl (常用义) v．爬 (文章义)n.巡游　journey (常用义) n．旅行 (文章义)v.从……前往……　plot (常用义) n．故事情节 (文章义)n.阴谋 B篇 [高频词]romantic adj.浪漫的　more than不仅仅　identical adj.相同的　definition n．含义，定义　literally adv.逐字地；字面上　[障碍词]multi-dimensional adj.多维的　inferential adj.推理的　ironically adv.讽刺地　showcase v．展示 [熟词生义]state (常用义) n．状况；州 (文章义) v. 陈述，说明 C篇 [高频词]center on把……当作中心　account for解释　at a glance一瞥　in comparison to与……相比较　[障碍词]notification n．通知；提示信息　overlay n．叠加显示的文字或图形信息　as opposed to与……相对比　[熟词生义]note (常用义) n．笔记 (文章义) v．指出，提及；记录 外刊 [高频词]upgrade v．升级，改进　at pace快速高效地　undertake v．承担；从事　residential adj.住宅的　[障碍词]renewal n．恢复；更新　infrastructure n．基础设施　defect n．缺点，缺陷　crack n．裂缝　invasive adj.切入的　installation n．安装　disruption n．扰乱，中断　[熟词生义]property (常用义) n．财产 (文章义)n.私有房产，住宅用地 长难句 分析 [B篇]This is inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken. [分析]　本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句，包含两个主要分句，后一分句对前一分句进行解释说明。第二个分句中含有that引导的宾语从句和in which引导的定语从句，定语从句修饰先行词context。 [译文]　这是推理交际，意味着我们不仅理解所说的话语，还理解话语所处的语境。 [C篇]1.They concluded these don't effectively account for how quickly our brains can process entire sentences seen at a glance, as opposed to word by word like in speech. [分析]　本句是复合句。“these don't effectively account for...”作concluded的宾语，其中含有how引导的宾语从句。 [译文]　他们得出的结论是，这些并不能有效地解释我们的大脑能多快地处理一眼看到的整个句子，而不是像讲话那样一个词一个词地处理。 2．While being scanned, volunteers were presented with a three-word sentence structure that flashed onto a screen for 300 milliseconds, followed by a second set of words that was either identical or differed by one word. [分析]　本句为主从复合句。While being scanned是状语从句的省略，在句中作时间状语；主句中含有that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 sentence structure；过去分词短语followed by...在句中作状语；that was either...为定语从句，修饰a second set of words。 [译文]　在接受扫描时，志愿者会看到一个由三个单词组成的句子结构在屏幕上闪烁 300 毫秒，随后出现第二组单词，该组单词要么与第一组完全相同，要么与第一组相差一个单词。 [外刊]When we began assessing the footage, we realised that to improve the network's overall performance and lifetime, we would need to extend the scope of our rehabilitation work from the initial 1.9 km we had planned to 5.8 km of the network. [分析]　本句是复合句。主句为we realised that...；when引导时间状语从句；主句中含有that引导的宾语从句，其中动词不定式to improve...作目的状语；we had planned是省略关系代词 that/which的定语从句，修饰 “1.9 km”。 [译文]　在评估影像资料后，我们发现，为了提升污水管网的整体性能和寿命，我们需要将修复工程的范围从原定的1.9公里扩大到5.8公里。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $