专题1 第3招 明确关注点，抢分主旨大意题-【备考最优解】2026版高考二轮专题复习·英语（教用课件）

第三招　明确关注点，抢分主旨大意题 1 主旨大意题是阅读理解中考生失分最多的题目，因为该类题目不仅考查考生速读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。考生需要分析篇章结构，抓住文章的开头或结尾，从而找出能概括文章的主题句。该题型主要包括标题归纳题、文章大意题和段落大意题。常见的设问方式有： What is the first/second/...paragraph mainly about? What is the passage mainly about? Which of the following is the best title for the passage? What can be a suitable title for the passage? 返回导航 二轮专题复习 微技法 巧图解 1 1 鲜素材 微考场 2 内 容 索 引 微技法 巧图解 01 4 标题归纳题——文章主线定标题 【题型特点】　标题是文章中心思想的精练表达。标题应具备3个特点：简约性(可以是单词、短语或句子)、概括性(既不能以偏概全，也不能断章取义)和醒目性(既要突出主题，又能吸引眼球)。 【图解技巧】　 返回导航 二轮专题复习 【典例剖析1】　(2025·新高考全国卷ⅡC篇)When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn't have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1，200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70，000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 “Plants are in fashion right now，” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida.“People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating，” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body. “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants，” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.” 返回导航 二轮专题复习 If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don't beat yourself up if one (or a few！) doesn't make it.“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one，” Detrinidad says. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 31．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Time to Replace Houseplants B．Plants Boost Your Mood C．Tips on Choosing Houseplants D．Plants Brighten Your Home [思路点拨]　采用主题句法。根据第一段的主题句(画线句)可知，该句总结了索尼娅·德特里尼达在线销售室内植物的成功案例，并指出这一现象反映了2020年期间人们居家时间的增加导致室内植物行业的繁荣；根据第二、第三段的主题句(画线句)可知，克努特的研究说明植物能改善心情、提高效率；根据第四段的主题句(画线句)可知，该句直接给出建议，鼓励人们尝试养植物。全文核心围绕“植物对情绪和健康的积极影响”展开。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 文章大意题——寻找主题明大意 【题型特点】　文章大意题考查考生深层理解文章以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力，通常具有简约性、概括性、精准性的特点。 【图解技巧】　 返回导航 二轮专题复习 【典例剖析2】　(2025·北京卷D篇) The call to “know yourself” has been there since ancient times, but our sense of self doesn't always match what others perceive. Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better. For many years, psychologists saw identity as a combination of someone's values, beliefs, goals and social roles. Then, in the 1980s, Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity, in which he proposes that, as we go through life, these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Our life story is something that starts coming together in our teenage years, when we begin to organise our lives into chapters around key events or life changes, and begin to see ourselves as both the central character and, to a varying extent, the story's author. People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity, and they feel their life has more meaning, direction and sense of purpose. Such people show greater overall life satisfaction, too. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Johnson has also investigated the link between well-being and certain story themes. He discovered that whether someone describes having had some control over events in their past is an important predictor of a person's mental health. Another key theme involves finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events. “People could talk about gaining knowledge or personal growth，” says Johnson. His research shows that this is often missing for people with mental health conditions. The good news is that there is evidence we can learn to change our own story. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Lisa Green, another researcher, sounds a few notes of caution (谨慎). For instance, hearing about the power of redemptive (拯救性的) stories, many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events. She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud. If you want to turn over a new leaf, though, one top tip is that it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new “chapter”. Contrary to popular doubt, resolutions made on 1 January are more effective for this reason. So, whether your goal is saving money or getting fit, there is no better time to become the author of our own destiny (命运). 返回导航 二轮专题复习 34.What is the passage mainly about? A．How self-identity works. B．How story-tellers are made. C．How personal stories raise doubts. D．How timing affects personal identity. [思路点拨]　借助文章主题段和段落主题句归纳。根据文章主题段(第一段)和段落主题句(画线句)可知，全文围绕“个人生活故事如何构建自我认知并影响幸福感”展开，分析了其形成、作用及相关研究。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 【题型特点】　段落大意题通常具有归纳性、概括性和精准性的特点。 【图解技巧】　 段落大意题——首尾兼顾知段意 返回导航 二轮专题复习 【典例剖析3】　(2025·新高考全国卷ⅡD篇节选) It should be noted that none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 34．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Why the ingredients were used. B．Which dishes were best liked. C．What the dishes were made of. D．Where the ingredients were bought. [思路点拨]　采用概括法。通读该段落可知，本段没有主题句；根据本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了wastED菜单上的菜品所用的配料，如羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被剔除的红薯和黄瓜蒂等，所以本段主要讲的是这些菜肴是由什么做成的。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 鲜素材 微考场 02 19 A (2025·南通二模)Gyeongyun Lily Min spent the last seven months in a makeshift laboratory she set up in her parents' garage, working hard to turn vibrations produced by sound waves in sports arenas into electrical energy. The 17-year-old rising senior's idea began to take shape when she was watching Monsters, Inc. In the 2001 film, energy is generated from children's screams. Without the cruelty, Gyeongyun thought, the concept could help meet the global demand for sustainable energy. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 “I began to wonder if, in reality, with the help of piezoelectric effect (压电效应), we could use the abundant noise in environments like sports arenas to generate electricity，” explains Gyeongyun. Certain materials in the environment produce large amounts of mechanical energy as vibrations or shocks. This energy is largely wasted. However, with the piezoelectric effect, it is possible to change this energy into electric energy. Mixing her curiosity with her passion for science and innovation, the young student set out to explore a new way to meet the global energy demands and reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Today, with over 60 percent of global electricity generated by fossil fuels, the world continues to be heavily dependent on non-renewable energy sources. According to a recent report by the World Nuclear Association, which promotes the global nuclear energy industry, over 40 percent of energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per year are due to the burning of fossil fuels for electricity generation. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 With her eco-friendly technology, Gyeongyun secured a spot as a finalist in this year's Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair, the world's largest global science competition for high school students. According to Gyeongyun, a sports arena is the suitable location for her project because it represents a unique environment with lots of noise of the cheering crowds, announcements and music. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 “Although this technology is not yet realistically applicable due to the current limitations in the sensitivity and efficiency of piezoelectric materials, by advancing the quality of piezoelectric devices, we can unlock a new way of sustainable energy production, contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable future，” she says. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一名17岁的学生从电影中获得将体育场噪音转化为电能的灵感，通过自己的科学热情和实际行动进行研究和实验，最终成功验证了她的理论的故事。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 1．Why was Gyeongyun able to think of turning noise into electricity? A．Because of the encounter in the garage. B．Because of her curiosity about science. C．Because of the inspiration from a film. D.Because of her concern about the global problem. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The 17-year-old rising senior's idea began to take shape when she was watching Monsters, Inc.”可知，她从一部电影中得到灵感，想到了将噪音转化为电能。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 2．What's the function of paragraph 4? A.To highlight the profits of Gyeongyun's project. B．To illustrate the necessity of Gyeongyun's project. C．To indicate the importance of using less fossil fuels. D．To demonstrate the influence of a worsening problem. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍了全球对不可再生能源的依赖现状，即阐述了她的项目的必要性。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 3．What can we imply from the last paragraph? A．The development should be sped up. B．The technology has been widely applied. C．Gyeongyun has overcome technology barriers. D．Gyeongyun remains hopeful about her project. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“by advancing the quality...more sustainable future”可知，她仍然对自己的项目充满希望。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Traffic Noise to Fuel: A New Discovery B．A New Type of Global Energy Demand C．We Can't Use the Noise in Our Surroundings D．Stadium Noise to Electricity: A Greener Future 解析：标题归纳题。采用主题句法。根据文章主题句(第一段内容)可知，本文主要讲述了一名17岁的学生从电影中获得将体育场噪音转化为电能的灵感，通过自己的科学热情和实际行动进行研究和实验，最终成功验证了她的理论的故事。因此，D项最适合作文章标题。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 B (2025·湖北七市联考)Our culture is addicted to collective goal setting and the idea that forming new habits during specific times of the year will lead to successful outcomes. But it turns out there's no real evidence that it is the case. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 In fact, research suggests that only two people in ten stick with their New Year's resolutions long term. “I am aware of no research showing that starting fresh in January or October or any other month makes you more likely to stick with a new behaviour，” says Wendy Wood, a behavioural psychologist at the University of Southern California. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 The reality is that, when it comes to establishing new habits, there really is an ideal time to do it—but it might not be when you think. Wood calls such ideal moments “turning points”—such as an upcoming high school reunion causing you to want to lose a few pounds, or over-drafting (透支) your bank account and realizing it is time to improve your career. He says such moments tend to provide lasting feelings of motivation because they are rooted in something meaningful and more in-depth than just going along with everyone else. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Regardless of what promotes your motivation, Wood says it is critical to take action as soon as you feel the desire because you may only have a short window of opportunity to make decisions about what you want to do before your old habits get in the way. For instance, write out a daily schedule that includes time for your new habit and post it where you'll see it each morning. You might also join a gym while your motivation is high to lock yourself into a monthly payment that will keep you motivated to use the membership even after your interest in getting in shape begins to cool. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Another strategy for successful habit formation is breaking down bigger goals into smaller, more specific ones. So instead of saying “I'm going to lose 10 pounds a month”， set a goal to limit your daily calorie intake and get to the gym for 30 minutes a day. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了培养新习惯的理想时机及有效方法。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 5．What is Wood's attitude toward making New Year's resolutions? A．Doubtful.　　　　 B．Approving. C．Casual. D．Objective. 解析：观点态度题。根据第二段中的“I am aware of no research showing that...stick with a new behaviour”可推知，伍德对制定新年计划持怀疑态度。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 6．Which of the following examples can be called a “turning point”？ A．Falling ill from heavy work. B．Fulfilling a long-held dream. C．Exercising on a regular basis. D．Receiving New Year's wishes. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Wood calls such ideal moments...improve your career.”可推知，“因繁重的工作而生病”这种情况可能会促使人们改变生活方式等，可被称为 “转折点”。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 7．What plays a leading role in reaching one's goal according to Wood? A．Motivation. B．Determination. C．Opportunity. D．Action. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“it is critical to take action...get in the way”可知，根据伍德的说法，在实现目标的过程中，采取行动起着主导作用。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 8．What is this passage mainly about? A．Strategies for setting a collective goal. B．Procedures for finding a turning point. C．Approaches to developing a new habit. D．Methods of making a New Year's wish. 解析：文章大意题。借助文章主题段和段落主题句归纳。根据文章主题段(第一段)和段落主题句(最后一段中的“Another strategy...more specific ones.”)可知，本文主要介绍了培养新习惯的理想时机及有效方法。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 A篇 [高频词]sustainable adj.可持续的　in reality实际上　mechanical adj.机械的，机动的　set out to do sth.开始做某事　reliance n．依靠　secure v．赢得，确保 　unlock v．发现，揭示　contribute to有助于；导致，引起　[障碍词]makeshift adj.临时替代的，权宜的　vibration n．震动　arena n．竞技场　realistically adv.如实地，实际地 B篇 [高频词]be addicted to对……上瘾　stick with坚持，不放弃　resolution n．决心，决定　when it comes to当谈到……　account n．账户　motivation n．动力，积极性　be rooted in根植于　get in the way妨碍　get in shape保持健康　strategy n．策略 [障碍词]collective adj.共同的　psychologist n．心理学家　[熟词生义]window (常用义) n．窗户 (文章义)n.时机，机会 返回导航 二轮专题复习 长难句 分析 [A篇]Gyeongyun Lily Min spent the last seven months in a makeshift laboratory she set up in her parents' garage, working hard to turn vibrations produced by sound waves in sports arenas into electrical energy. [分析]　本句是复合句。“she set up in her parents' garage”为省略关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词laboratory；现在分词短语“working hard...”作伴随状语；动词不定式短语“to turn vibrations...”作目的状语；过去分词短语“produced by...”作后置定语。 [译文]　Gyeongyun Lily Min在父母车库里搭建的临时实验室里度过了七个月，努力将体育场馆中声波产生的震动转化为电能。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 长难句 分析 [B篇]Regardless of what promotes your motivation, Wood says it is critical to take action as soon as you feel the desire because you may only have a short window of opportunity to make decisions about what you want to do before your old habits get in the way. [分析]　本句是复合句。第一个what引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语；动词says后为省略引导词that的宾语从句，其中it为形式主语，真正主语为动词不定式to take action；as soon as引导时间状语从句；because引导原因状语从句；第二个what引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语；before引导时间状语从句。 [译文]　伍德表示，无论是什么激发了你的动力，关键是一旦有了意愿就立即采取行动，因为在旧习惯阻碍你之前，你可能只有短暂的时机来决定自己想做的事。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 $