专题1 第1招 定位关键点，全取细节理解题-【备考最优解】2026版高考二轮专题复习·英语（教用课件）

板块一 核心素养之阅读篇 1 返回导航 二轮专题复习 返回导航 二轮专题复习 专题一　阅读理解——巧规谋命题，慎思定四海 执要握枢，满分37.5，期于至善之境 4 [近3年考情分析] 考试 年份 试卷名称 篇目 考查体裁 主题语境 文章话题 篇章 词数 命题考点 细节理解 推理判断 主旨大意 词句猜测             2025     新高考全国卷I A 说明文 人与自然 全球交通领域的碳排放及绿色转型方案 318       6       7       1       1 B 记叙文 人与社会 写作课的教学启示 295 C 议论文 人与社会 城市交通与生活 315 D 说明文 人与社会 微塑料污染及应对方法 316   新高考全国卷Ⅱ A 应用文 人与社会 英国的特色集镇 266     8     4     2     1 B 记叙文 人与社会 开设在儿童医院里的学校 303 C 说明文 人与自然 绿植对情绪和思维的影响 261 D 说明文 人与社会 用食物边角料制作美味 328 返回导航 二轮专题复习 考试 年份 试卷名称 篇目 考查体裁 主题语境 文章话题 篇章 词数 命题考点 细节理解 推理判断 主旨大意 词句猜测             2024     新高考全国卷I   A 应用文 人与社会 生物栖息地修复 工作队志医者招募 214       9       4       1       1 B 记叙文 人与自然 中西医结合治疗动物 303 C 议论文 人与社会 学习媒介的选择 345 D 说明文 人与社会 生物样本数据的可用性 364   新高考全国卷Ⅱ A 应用文 人与自然 卡洛秋季徒步健身活动 293     7     6     1     1 B 记叙文 人与社会 车站阅读亭项目 282 C 说明文 人与社会 巴比伦微农场 272 D 书评 人与社会 书籍推荐 325 返回导航 二轮专题复习 考试 年份 试卷名称 篇目 考查体裁 主题语境 文章话题 篇章 词数 命题考点 细节理解 推理判断 主旨大意 词句猜测         2023   新高考全国卷I A 应用文 人与社会 自行车租赁 209     6     7     1     1 B 记叙文 人与自然 生态设计 329 C 说明文 人与自我 数字极简主义 314 D 议论文 人与社会 群体智慧效应 335   新高考全国卷Ⅱ A 应用文 人与自然 护林员项目 242     8     5     1     1 B 新闻报道 人与社会 学校菜园项目 273 C 说明文 人与社会 艺术类书籍的启示 320 D 说明文 人与自然 人类与大自然互动 316 返回导航 二轮专题复习 [考纲要求] 阅读理解在试卷中所占权重较大，这就要求考生读懂有关日常生活所熟悉话题的简短文字材料。文体包括记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文等。考生应能理解主旨要义，理解文中具体信息，根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义，根据所读内容做出判断和推理，理解文章的基本结构和作者的意图、观点和态度。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 第一招 定位关键点，全取细节理解题 9 高考阅读理解中的细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实或细节进行理解。有些问题考生可以直接从文中找到明确的答案，有些则需要考生在理解原文的基础上将有关信息进行处理，如计算、排序、判断、比较等。在应用文、记叙文和说明文中，非常侧重对细节理解题的考查，难度则呈增加趋势。 设问形式：细节理解题命题形式丰富，考查内容涉及多个角度，但都是对文中具体信息进行提问(who、when、where、which、why、what、how、how many和how much等)，偶有填空形式(如2024年浙江卷1月)出现。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 微技法 巧图解 1 1 鲜素材 微考场 2 内 容 索 引 微技法 巧图解 01 12 直接细节题——题干定位巧比对 【题型特点】　在原文中可以直接找到答案，正确选项和原文在语言表述上没有太大的差别。 【图解技巧】　 返回导航 二轮专题复习 【典例剖析1】　(2025·新高考全国卷ⅡA篇节选) Hereford, Herefordshire Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you'll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It's also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 21．Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta? A．In the Ludlow Castle. B．In the Foodie Center of England. C．In the Hereford Cathedral. D．In the Black and White House Museum. [思路点拨]　采用题干定位法。确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体字)，根据关键词定位信息句(画线句)，比对选项和信息句可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原件。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 间接细节题——语义转换善概括 【题型特点】　正确选项一般与原文的描述方式不同，往往在原文基础上进行同义转述。 【图解技巧】　 返回导航 二轮专题复习 【典例剖析2】　(2025·新高考全国卷ⅠA篇节选) This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing，” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It's estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used，” says Wipke. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 23．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A．Limiting fuel consumption. B．Putting more effort into renewables. C．Improving energy efficiency. D．Making electricity more affordable. [思路点拨]　采用语义转换法。确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体字)，根据关键词定位信息句(画线句)，比对选项和信息句可知，卫普克建议加大对绿色能源的投入，即加大对可再生能源的投入。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 【题型特点】　用精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息。 【图解技巧】　 综合信息题——归纳概括定答案 返回导航 二轮专题复习 【典例剖析3】　(2024·新高考全国卷ⅡA篇节选) Walk 1—The Natural World Walk Duration: 6 hours Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking Walk Duration: 5 hours Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars Walk Duration: 3 hours Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest　 Walk Duration: 1.5 hours 返回导航 二轮专题复习 21．Which walk takes the shortest time? A．The Natural World. B．Introduction to Hillwalking. C．Moonlight Under the Stars. D．Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest. [思路点拨]　采用归纳概括法。确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体字)，根据关键词定位信息句(画线句)，比对信息句可知，四条线路的徒步时长分别为6小时、5小时、3小时和1.5小时。归纳概括以上信息可知，基尔布兰尼什森林摄影徒步用时最短。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 【题型特点】　数字计算题要求考生对相关的年龄、价格、时间、数量等数字和信息进行简单的计算，但此类试题的重点在于考查对具体细节信息的提取能力，因此在解题时必须找出计算背后所隐含的信息。 【图解技巧】　 数字计算题——加减乘除巧破解 返回导航 二轮专题复习 【典例剖析4】　(2025·新高考全国卷ⅠA篇节选) Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 21．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A．11.6%.　　　　　　 B．45.1%. C．74.5%. D．86.1%. [思路点拨]　采用整合推算法。确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体字)，根据关键词定位信息句(画线部分)，用加法计算得出答案，即45.1%＋29.4%＝74.5%。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 鲜素材 微考场 02 25 A (2025·常州一模)More than three centuries after she made an adventurous transatlantic voyage to study butterflies, a rare copy of the hand-coloured masterwork by the great naturalist and artist Maria Merian is returning to Amsterdam. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Metamorphosis of the Suriname is one of the most fascinating (有吸引力的) books in natural history. It included some 60 richly coloured plates illustrating the different stages of development that she had observed in Suriname's insects. Metamorphosis of the Suriname is a work of art and scientific scholarship. Merian recorded the local names of plants and insects she studied. In contrast to other European naturalists, she credited local people with helping her discover the colony's wildlife, but she didn't name individuals. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Born in 1647 in Frankfurt, Germany, Merian learned to paint in her artist father's workshop, and became fascinated by silkworms, moths and butterflies. At that time, insects were believed to spring forth magically from mud, waste and plant matter in a process known as “spontaneous generation”. While Merian was not the first to show the transformation from egg to adult insect, her artistic talents helped to bring this message to a wider audience. The pioneering work of Merian was celebrated for its scientific accuracy and for bringing a new standard of precision to scientific illustration. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 In 1691, Merian moved to Amsterdam and opened her own studio. She worked as an independent artist and prepared specimens for a growing market of collectors. In Amsterdam, Merian had access to some of the finest natural history collections in the world. As she associated with famous scholars, physicians and botanists, ideas for her own voyage of discovery began to take shape. At 52, she embarked on (开始) a self-funded voyage to Suriname, driven by curiosity about the lives of insects. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Her image would be dismissed as a fantasy. In the 18th century, people responded: “That's what you get when you send a woman to tropical places. She probably made that up.” But scientists later confirmed her findings. The spider plate was a very good example of how Merian worked. She was a really good observer. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伟大的自然主义学者和艺术家玛丽亚·梅里安进行了一次充满冒险的跨大西洋之旅以研究蝴蝶，三个多世纪后，她的一本手绘彩色杰作的稀有副本正回归阿姆斯特丹的故事。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 1．What do we know about Metamorphosis of the Suriname? A．It won a book award for art. B．It listed the names of local helpers. C．It recorded Merian's transatlantic voyage. D．It was based on Merian's own observations. 解析：细节理解题。采用语义转换法。确定题干中的关键词为“Metamorphosis of the Suriname”，根据关键词定位至第二段中的“Metamorphosis of the Suriname is one of the most fascinating books...she had observed in Suriname's insects.”并比对选项可知，书中有大约60幅色彩丰富的插图，描绘了她在苏里南观察到的昆虫的不同发育阶段，所以这本书是基于梅里安自己的观察写成的。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 2．What was the significance of Merian's work? A．It had extremely high artistic value. B．It was the first natural history book. C．It shaped our understanding of insects. D．It introduced a creative research theory. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“At that time, insects were believed...a new standard of precision to scientific illustration.”可推知，梅里安的作品塑造了我们对昆虫的理解。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 3．What inspired Merian's idea of a personal journey to Suriname? A．Her encounter with noted scientists. B．Her ambition to expand her business. C．Her dream to travel around the world. D．Her curiosity about the lives of insects. 解析：细节理解题。采用语义转换法。确定题干中的关键词为“inspired Merian's idea of a personal journey to Suriname”，根据关键词定位至第四段中的“As she associated with famous scholars, physicians and botanists, ideas for her own voyage of discovery began to take shape...voyage to Suriname”并比对选项可知，当梅里安与著名学者、医生和植物学家交往时，她自己的探索之旅的想法开始成形，所以是她与著名科学家们的接触激发了她去苏里南的想法。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 4．What can be inferred about nature study in Merian's time? A．It lacked convincing evidence. B．It was conducted in tough places. C．It was considered the domain of men. D．It greatly improved women's social status. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Her image would be dismissed...responded：‘That's what you get...She probably made that up.’”可推知，在梅里安那个时代，自然研究被认为是男性的领域。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 B (2025·南京一模)Imagine an artificial intelligence model that can watch and understand moving images like you and me. Now, scientists have made this a reality by creating MovieNet: an innovative AI that processes videos much like how our brains interpret real-life scenes. This brain-inspired AI model can perceive moving scenes by simulating how neurons (神经元) make real-time sense of the world. While conventional AI excels at still image recognition, MovieNet is designed to understand complex, dynamic scenes, allowing it to recognize small changes over time. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 To create MovieNet, Hollis Cline, senior author of the study, examined how animals' brains process real-world scenes. Specifically, he studied how tadpoles' (蝌蚪的) neurons respond to moving stimuli. Tadpoles' neurons process these visual inputs like solving puzzle pieces: each piece alone may not make sense, but together they form a complete image in motion. Different neurons process various “puzzle pieces” of a real-life moving image, which the brain then combines to form a continuous scene. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Using this understanding, the researchers trained MovieNet to process video clips by identifying small visual signals, allowing it to distinguish between small changes in scenes. In testing, MovieNet achieved 82.3% accuracy, outperforming trained human observers by 18% and doing much better than existing AI models. Beyond its higher accuracy, MovieNet is more environment-friendly. Conventional AI requires vast amounts of data and energy, but MovieNet compresses (压缩) data like a zipped file, reducing environmental impact. “We've also made AI far less demanding，” says Cline. MovieNet could also transform medicine. It might help detect early signs of diseases by tracking small movement changes that are difficult for human eyes to detect. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Looking ahead, the team plans to improve MovieNet's ability to adapt to different environments and enhance its potential applications. “By designing models that think like living organisms (有机体), we can achieve efficiency levels that aren't possible with traditional AI，” says Cline, “Biology is a gold mine.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家开发出的一种新型的人工智能模型——MovieNet，并详细说明了其原理、优势以及潜在应用。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 5．What does the underlined word “simulating” mean in paragraph 2? A．Copying.　　　　　　 B．Inspiring. C．Demonstrating. D．Recognizing. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词的上文This brain-inspired AI model和下文“how neurons make real-time sense of the world”可知，既然这种人工智能模型是受人类大脑启发的，那么它肯定是可以模仿神经元如何感知世界的。因此，画线词意为“模仿，复制”。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 6．What is MovieNet designed to do? A．To integrate dynamic scenes. B．To increase visual inputs. C．To feed on information pieces. D．To look into tadpoles' neurons. 解析：细节理解题。采用题干定位法。确定题干中的关键词为“MovieNet designed to do”，根据关键词定位至第二段中的“While conventional AI excels at...small changes over time.”并比对选项可知，MovieNet被设计用来理解复杂且动态的场景。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 7．According to paragraph 5, what is an advantage of MovieNet? A．Its powerful data storage. B．Its low energy consumption. C．Its control of medical diseases. D．Its improvement on drug effects. 解析：细节理解题。采用语义转换法。确定题干中的关键词为“paragraph 5”及“advantage”，根据关键词定位至第五段中的“Beyond its higher accuracy...reducing environmental impact.”可知，MovieNet通过压缩数据减少了对环境的影响，即其能耗较低。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 8．What can be concluded from Cline's words in the last paragraph? A．Biology brings us financial profits. B．Living organisms can outperform AI. C．AI can assist in biological development. D．Drawing inspiration from biology is promising. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By designing models that think like living organisms...Biology is a gold mine.”可推知，从生物学中汲取灵感是很有前景的。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 A篇 [高频词]adventurous adj.大胆的，冒险的　masterwork n．杰作　in contrast to 与……形成对比　credit sb. with...把……归功于某人　pioneering adj.开拓性的，探索性的　be celebrated for因……而受到赞扬　take shape成形 [障碍词]transatlantic adj.横渡大西洋的　hand-coloured adj.手工上色的　specimen n．样品，样本　[熟词生义]plate (常用义) n．盘子 (文章义)n.(书籍中的)插图页　name (常用义) n．名字 (文章义) v．提及……的名字　spring (常用义)n.春季 (文章义) v．突然出现，迅速产生 返回导航 二轮专题复习 B篇 [高频词]innovative adj.创新的　interpret v．理解，解释　dynamic adj.动态的　environment-friendly adj.有利环境的　adapt to适应　[障碍词]perceive v．注意到，意识到　excel at擅长　stimuli n．刺激(物)　accuracy n．准确　outperform v．超过，胜过 [熟词生义]still (常用义) adv.仍然 (文章义) adj.静止的　clip (常用义) n．夹子 (文章义)n.片段 返回导航 二轮专题复习 长难句分析 [B篇]While conventional AI excels at still image recognition, MovieNet is designed to understand complex, dynamic scenes, allowing it to recognize small changes over time. [分析]　本句是复合句。while引导让步状语从句；主句中不定式“to understand...”作目的状语；“allowing it to recognize small changes over time”是现在分词短语作结果状语。 [译文]　虽然传统的人工智能擅长静态图像识别，但MovieNet被设计用来理解复杂且动态的场景，从而能够识别出随时间发生的小变化。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 $