Unit1 Time to Relax Section B 第四课时 (Section B 1a-1e) 分层作业 +知识清单2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit1 Time to Relax Section B How can a hobby improve your life? 第四课时 (Section B 1a-1e) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1The Monkey King can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and _________ (物品). 2.We should ask more people to go to work by bike to ________ (减少) the pollution. 3. I usually send a _________ (明信片) back home when I travel to a new place. 4. Eating less sugar can help r________ weight. 5.Every year many ________ /̍ˈfɒrən/ tourists come to visit the Great Wall of China. 6.Every c________ has two sides. So please use the Internet in a proper way. 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 Italy , play, achieve,program, teenage, stress stamp,reduce 1. Two ________ managed to make our computer work well again. 2. At weekends my parents don’t allow me ________ (play) computer games. 3. It’s important for ________ (teenage) to learn how to spend their free time wisely. 4. When you feel ________ (stress), take a deep breath and relax. 5.My grandpa started collecting ________ (stamp) when he was young, and now he has a big album full of stamps from the 1960s to today. 6.When I finally finished building the model plane, I felt a strong sense of ________ (achieve). 7.Rome is an ________ (Italy) city. 8. Doing yoga every day can help ________ (reduce) your stress and make you feel relaxed. 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.你越早开始做运动，对你的身体健康越好。 The earlier you ________ ________ doing sport, the better it’s for your physical health. 2. 大卫喜欢收集旧的邮票和硬币，他认为能从它们中学到很多东西。 David enjoys collecting old ________ and ________. He thinks he can learn a lot from them. 3.当我把旧玩具送给有需要的孩子时，我有一种喜悦感，这让我的心暖暖的。 When I gave my old toys to the kids in need, I had _________ _________ _________ joy that made my heart warm. 4.我喜欢在早上做瑜伽来开始新的一天。 I like to ________ ________ in the morning to start my day. 5.这是找到一个英语俱乐部的好方法。 It’s ________ ________ ________ ________ find an English club. 6.他梦想成为一名著名的音乐家。 He ________ ________ becoming a famous musician. 7.俗话说：如果你想同时抓两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。 As the saying goes: If you run after two rabbits ________   ________ ________ ________, you will catch neither. 8.听轻音乐是减轻压力的一种好方法。 Listening to light music is a good way ________ ________ ________. 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 achieve out teenage rather object coin at Italy foreign reduce Many people think hobbies are just for fun, but they can _1___ stress and make life better, __2___ the same time. Some people enjoy collecting _3__ from different countries. They learn about __4___ cultures, like __5__ art and history, even if they have never been there. Others like making or studying __6__ such as old cameras or stamps. These things may seem __7__ old-fashioned, but they bring great joy. Even __8___ students need hobbies to relax. Some started __9__ by drawing or playing music in their free time. A few even dream of becoming programmers and create fun games or apps. No matter what hobby you choose, every small step is an ____. Hobbies not only make us happy but also help us grow. 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。  I’m a 16-year-old boy. I love playing chess (国际象棋). My parents didn’t ask me to start. It was my idea. It was during the summer holidays when I was 12 and I had nothing to keep me busy. I was really bored, so I bought a chess set, and soon I fell in love with it. It took me a long time to learn the rules. There were some instructions on the box, but I had to read books and watch some videos (视频) on the Internet too. Going to a chess club was an easy way to get help, but I enjoyed learning by myself. Soon after, I played my first game with one of my friends. I wanted to do well, but I lost! I didn’t feel bad or get angry with my friend. Instead, I got to know how difficult the game is and I decided to work hard to become a great chess player! Now, four years later, that is still my dream. I’m in the school chess club and I practise three times a week. Also, I’m always reading books on chess at home, and playing against my computer. Next week, there will be a big game and many young chess players will join in it. It’ll be my first big game and I’m really looking forward to showing everyone what I can do. 1. The writer started playing chess to ________. A．win much money B．meet new people C．have something to do D．make his parents happy 2. How did the writer learn the rules of chess? ①He read books. ②He went to a chess club. ③He read the instructions. ④He watched videos on the Internet. A．①②④ B．①③④ C．①②③ D．②③④ 3. How did the writer feel after he played his first game of chess? A．He was unhappy to lose. B．He was angry with his friend. C．He was glad that he played well. D．He was sure that he wanted to learn more. 4. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Going to a big game. B．Joining the school chess club. C．Playing against the computer. D．Becoming a great chess player. 5. What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A boy’s hobby. B．The history of chess. C．A famous chess player. D．The best free time activity. 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） A hobby is an activity that a person enjoys doing in his free time. Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up. How? They Help You Learn     1    . You have to look at websites, magazines and books to get more information about your hobby. You also have to learn something new. More reading like this makes you a better reader and a better learner.      2     For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery (陶艺), you have to use your brain as well as your hands.     3    . These kinds of activities make people become more creative (创造性的). They Help You Be Relaxed Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists say, “When you make something, the ‘feel-good’ part of your brain gets a message. It makes you feel happy.”     4    . Too much stress is bad for people. It can make people sick. They Help You Build Skills People with hobbies learn how to set goals and solve problems.     5    . For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to find a good job when they grow up. A．They Help You Be Strong B．We learn by doing things and by touching things C．When you have a hobby, you learn new things D．When we feel happy, we have less stress E．They Help You Be Creative F．Learning these skills can help you when you grow up 思维创新 任务型阅读。 Dong Yutong is a 10-year-old girl from China. She enjoys playing diabolo (空竹) in her free time. It’s her favourite sport. Playing diabolo is a very old way of having fun in China. It has a history of over six hundred years. Dong’s parents are busy with their work and have no time to look after her, so Dong lives with her grandparents in Beijing. They like playing diabolo very much. In their home, there are over 70 diabolos in different colours and sizes. Dong’s grandpa Dong Shulin is 67 years old. He is good at playing it now. And he likes to teach others to do tricks. Every time he plays it in the park near his home, many people come over to watch his shows. His granddaughter Dong Yutong is his first student. “Playing diabolo needs many skills. It’s not easy to learn these skills well. I want to let more people, not only the old but also the young, learn about and fall in love with this traditional sport,” says Dong Shulin. Dong Yutong’s grandma, Mei Yongpei, can play diabolo very well too. She usually goes to nearby middle schools to teach the students there to play diabolo three or four times a week. “Playing diabolo not only brings us great fun, but also is a good way of doing physical exercise. Playing it doesn’t take us much time, but it’s very good for our health,” she says. 1.. Why do some people think learning diabolo is hard? List two reasons. (列举 2 项，不超过 15 词) ____________________________________________________ 2-4. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. People Activities Dong Shulin (grandpa) 2._____ (不超过 6 词)teach others tricks Mei Yongpei (grandma) go to middle schools 3.________ (不超过 6 词) Dong Yutong learn diabolo from grandpa enjoy playing it in free time Middle school students 4.____________ (不超过 5 词) 5. What can you learn from Dong’s family? (结合自身实际，不超过 20 词) ___________________________________________________. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit1 Time to Relax Section B How can a hobby improve your life? 第四课时 (Section B 1a-1e) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1The Monkey King can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and _________ (物品). 2.We should ask more people to go to work by bike to ________ (减少) the pollution. 3. I usually send a _________ (明信片) back home when I travel to a new place. 4. Eating less sugar can help r________ weight. 5.Every year many ________ /̍ˈfɒrən/ tourists come to visit the Great Wall of China. 6.Every c________ has two sides. So please use the Internet in a proper way. 答案：1.objects 2.reduce 3.postcard 4.reduce 5.foreign 6.coin 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 Italy , play, achieve,program, teenage, stress stamp,reduce 1. Two ________ managed to make our computer work well again. 2. At weekends my parents don’t allow me ________ (play) computer games. 3. It’s important for ________ (teenage) to learn how to spend their free time wisely. 4. When you feel ________ (stress), take a deep breath and relax. 5.My grandpa started collecting ________ (stamp) when he was young, and now he has a big album full of stamps from the 1960s to today. 6.When I finally finished building the model plane, I felt a strong sense of ________ (achieve). 7.Rome is an ________ (Italy) city. 8. Doing yoga every day can help ________ (reduce) your stress and make you feel relaxed. 答案：1.programmers 2.to play 3.teenagers 4.stressed 5.stamps 6.achievement 7.Italian 8.reduce/to reduce 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.你越早开始做运动，对你的身体健康越好。 The earlier you ________ ________ doing sport, the better it’s for your physical health. 2. 大卫喜欢收集旧的邮票和硬币，他认为能从它们中学到很多东西。 David enjoys collecting old ________ and ________. He thinks he can learn a lot from them. 3.当我把旧玩具送给有需要的孩子时，我有一种喜悦感，这让我的心暖暖的。 When I gave my old toys to the kids in need, I had _________ _________ _________ joy that made my heart warm. 4.我喜欢在早上做瑜伽来开始新的一天。 I like to ________ ________ in the morning to start my day. 5.这是找到一个英语俱乐部的好方法。 It’s ________ ________ ________ ________ find an English club. 6.他梦想成为一名著名的音乐家。 He ________ ________ becoming a famous musician. 7.俗话说：如果你想同时抓两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。 As the saying goes: If you run after two rabbits ________   ________ ________ ________, you will catch neither. 8.听轻音乐是减轻压力的一种好方法。 Listening to light music is a good way ________ ________ ________. 答案：1.take up 2.stamps coins 3.a sense of 4.do yoga 5.a good way to 6.dreams of/about 7.at the same time 8.to reduce stress 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 achieve out teenage rather object coin at Italy foreign reduce Many people think hobbies are just for fun, but they can _1___ stress and make life better, __2___ the same time. Some people enjoy collecting _3__ from different countries. They learn about __4___ cultures, like __5__ art and history, even if they have never been there. Others like making or studying __6__ such as old cameras or stamps. These things may seem __7__ old-fashioned, but they bring great joy. Even __8___ students need hobbies to relax. Some started __9__ by drawing or playing music in their free time. A few even dream of becoming programmers and create fun games or apps. No matter what hobby you choose, every small step is an ____. Hobbies not only make us happy but also help us grow. 答案：1.reduce 2.at 3.coins 4.foreign 5.Italian 6.objects 7.rather 8.teenage 9.out 10.achievement 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。  I’m a 16-year-old boy. I love playing chess (国际象棋). My parents didn’t ask me to start. It was my idea. It was during the summer holidays when I was 12 and I had nothing to keep me busy. I was really bored, so I bought a chess set, and soon I fell in love with it. It took me a long time to learn the rules. There were some instructions on the box, but I had to read books and watch some videos (视频) on the Internet too. Going to a chess club was an easy way to get help, but I enjoyed learning by myself. Soon after, I played my first game with one of my friends. I wanted to do well, but I lost! I didn’t feel bad or get angry with my friend. Instead, I got to know how difficult the game is and I decided to work hard to become a great chess player! Now, four years later, that is still my dream. I’m in the school chess club and I practise three times a week. Also, I’m always reading books on chess at home, and playing against my computer. Next week, there will be a big game and many young chess players will join in it. It’ll be my first big game and I’m really looking forward to showing everyone what I can do. 1. The writer started playing chess to ________. A．win much money B．meet new people C．have something to do D．make his parents happy 2. How did the writer learn the rules of chess? ①He read books. ②He went to a chess club. ③He read the instructions. ④He watched videos on the Internet. A．①②④ B．①③④ C．①②③ D．②③④ 3. How did the writer feel after he played his first game of chess? A．He was unhappy to lose. B．He was angry with his friend. C．He was glad that he played well. D．He was sure that he wanted to learn more. 4. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Going to a big game. B．Joining the school chess club. C．Playing against the computer. D．Becoming a great chess player. 5. What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A boy’s hobby. B．The history of chess. C．A famous chess player. D．The best free time activity. 答案：1.C 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.A 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） A hobby is an activity that a person enjoys doing in his free time. Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up. How? They Help You Learn     1    . You have to look at websites, magazines and books to get more information about your hobby. You also have to learn something new. More reading like this makes you a better reader and a better learner.      2     For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery (陶艺), you have to use your brain as well as your hands.     3    . These kinds of activities make people become more creative (创造性的). They Help You Be Relaxed Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists say, “When you make something, the ‘feel-good’ part of your brain gets a message. It makes you feel happy.”     4    . Too much stress is bad for people. It can make people sick. They Help You Build Skills People with hobbies learn how to set goals and solve problems.     5    . For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to find a good job when they grow up. A．They Help You Be Strong B．We learn by doing things and by touching things C．When you have a hobby, you learn new things D．When we feel happy, we have less stress E．They Help You Be Creative F．Learning these skills can help you when you grow up 答案：1.C 2.E 3.B 4.D 5.F 思维创新 任务型阅读。 Dong Yutong is a 10-year-old girl from China. She enjoys playing diabolo (空竹) in her free time. It’s her favourite sport. Playing diabolo is a very old way of having fun in China. It has a history of over six hundred years. Dong’s parents are busy with their work and have no time to look after her, so Dong lives with her grandparents in Beijing. They like playing diabolo very much. In their home, there are over 70 diabolos in different colours and sizes. Dong’s grandpa Dong Shulin is 67 years old. He is good at playing it now. And he likes to teach others to do tricks. Every time he plays it in the park near his home, many people come over to watch his shows. His granddaughter Dong Yutong is his first student. “Playing diabolo needs many skills. It’s not easy to learn these skills well. I want to let more people, not only the old but also the young, learn about and fall in love with this traditional sport,” says Dong Shulin. Dong Yutong’s grandma, Mei Yongpei, can play diabolo very well too. She usually goes to nearby middle schools to teach the students there to play diabolo three or four times a week. “Playing diabolo not only brings us great fun, but also is a good way of doing physical exercise. Playing it doesn’t take us much time, but it’s very good for our health,” she says. 1.. Why do some people think learning diabolo is hard? List two reasons. (列举 2 项，不超过 15 词) ____________________________________________________ 2-4. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. People Activities Dong Shulin (grandpa) 2._____ (不超过 6 词)teach others tricks Mei Yongpei (grandma) go to middle schools 3.________ (不超过 6 词) Dong Yutong learn diabolo from grandpa enjoy playing it in free time Middle school students 4.____________ (不超过 5 词) 5. What can you learn from Dong’s family? (结合自身实际，不超过 20 词) ___________________________________________________. 答案：1.It needs many skills; it’s not easy to learn well. 2. play diabolo in the park 3.. teach students to play diabolo 4. learn to play diabolo 5. We should pass on traditional sports and keep healthy. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit1 Time to Relax 第四课时(SectionB1a-1e)知识清单 1、 重点词汇（必背 + 词性转换） 单词 音标 词性 中文释义 词性转换 reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少 reduction (n. 减少)；reduced (adj. 减少的) stress /stres/ n. / v. 精神压力；紧张 / 使紧张 stressful (adj. 有压力的)；stressed (adj. 感到压力的) yoga /ˈjəʊɡə/ n. 瑜伽 （无常见词性转换） object /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/ n. 物品；宾语 objection (n. 反对)；objective (adj. 客观的) Italian /ɪˈtæliən/ adj. / n. 意大利的；意大利人的；意大利语的 / 意大利人； 意大利语 Italy (n. 意大利) programmer /ˈprəʊɡræmə(r)/ n. 程序设计员 program (v. 编程 /n. 程序)；programming (n. 编程) allow /əˈlaʊ/ v. 使…… 成为可能；允许 allowance (n. 津贴；允许)；allowed (过去式 / 过去分词) achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就 achieve (v. 实现；达到)；achievable (adj. 可实现的) coin /kɔɪn/ n. 硬币 coinage (n. 造币；新词) stamp /stæmp/ n. 邮票 stamping (现在分词)；stamped (过去式 / 过去分词) teenage /ˈtiːneɪdʒ/ adj. 青少年的 teenager (n. 青少年) postcard /ˈpəʊstkɑːd/ n. 明信片 post (v. 邮寄 /n. 邮件)；card (n. 卡片) rather /ˈrɑːðə(r)/ adv. 相当；更准确地说 （无常见词性转换） old-fashioned /ˌəʊldˈfæʃnd/ adj. 过时的；守旧的 fashion (n. 时尚)；fashionable (adj. 时髦的) foreign /ˈfɒrən/ adj. 外国的；国外的 foreigner (n. 外国人) 2、 重点短语（必背） 1.reduce stress 减轻压力 2.dream of 梦想；希望 3.start out 起初是；以…… 开始 4.at the same time 同时 5.take up 开始从事；养成（爱好） 6.make friends 交朋友 7.keep fit 保持健康 8.calm down 平静下来 9.pass the time 打发时间 10.learn about 了解；学习 11.put up 张贴；挂起 12.sense of achievement 成就感 三、重点句型（必背 + 会用） 1.爱好的作用句型： Hobbies can help us (to) do sth. ◦ Reading can help us to calm down after a busy day. ◦ Doing yoga can help us to keep fit. ◦ Some hobbies help us to reduce stress. 2. 表达观点句型：I think / believe (that) ... ◦ I think postcards are a good way to learn about different places. ◦ He believes he’s helping people around the world to learn Italian. 3. 目的状语句型： ... to do sth.（表 “为了做某事”） ◦ People paint pictures to remember a beautiful landscape. ◦ Luca developed his app to find study partners for learning Italian. ◦ Maya collects postcards to learn about different places. 4. 转折对比句型：... but / instead, ... ◦ He doesn’t make art or write stories. Instead, he makes mobile phone apps. ◦ Some people think postcards are rather old-fashioned, but I think they’re good. 5. “如此…… 以至于” 句型：... so much that ... ◦ She liked it so much that she put it up on her bedroom wall! ◦ I do it to create an app. 我做这件事是为了开发一个应用程序。 ◦ I do it to relax. 我做这件事是为了放松。 6. 谈论尝试与感受 • I decided to give it a go too! 我也决定尝试一下！ • It was very difficult at first. 一开始它很难。 • It's never easy, but it's more fun now. 它从来都不容易，但现在更有趣了。 自我检测小练习 一、单词拼写与词性转换（每空 1 分，共 10 分） 1. We should do more exercise to __________ (reduce) stress. 2. Too much __________ (stress) can make people feel sick. 3. Many __________ (foreign) come to visit China every year. 4. His __________ (achieve) in programming made him famous. 5. She __________ (dream) of becoming a programmer when she grows up. 6. This app __________ (allow) us to learn Italian easily. 7. Collecting __________ (stamp) is his grandpa’s hobby. 8. The __________ (teenage) boy likes to make mobile apps in his free time. 9. I think this old clock is __________ (rather) old-fashioned. 10. He __________ (start) out as a programmer ten years ago. 二、短语填空（每空 1 分，共 8 分） 从方框中选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式填空： reduce stress, dream of, at the same time, take up, keep fit, calm down, pass the time, learn about 1. I often listen to music to __________ after a busy day. 2. She __________ travelling around the world when she was young. 3. Doing yoga can help us __________ and __________. 4. We can __________ different cultures by collecting postcards. 5. He decided to __________ a new hobby—painting. 6. You can study and __________ make friends with this app. 7. Reading is a good way to __________ on the train. 三、句型转换（每空 2 分，共 12 分） 1. She collects postcards. She wants to learn about different places.（合并为一句） She collects postcards __________ __________ about different places. 2. He thinks apps can help people.（改为否定句） He __________ __________ apps can help people. 3. She liked the postcard so much. She put it on the wall.（合并为一句） She liked the postcard __________ much __________ she put it on the wall. 4. Physical hobbies help us keep fit.（对划线部分提问） __________ do physical hobbies help us __________? 四、单项选择（每题 2 分，共 10 分） ()1. Reading can help us __________ after a long day at school. A. calm down B. to calm down C. calming down D. calmed down ()2. Luca is a(n) __________ teenager who likes making apps. A. Italy B. Italian C. foreigner D. China ()3. This app allows people __________ study partners for learning Italian. A. find B. to find C. finding D. found ()4. She put the postcard __________ on her bedroom wall. A. in B. up C. on D. off ()5. Some people think postcards are __________ old-fashioned. A. rather B. too C. very D. so 五、完成句子（每空 1 分，共 10 分） 1. 我喜欢集邮来了解不同的国家。 I like collecting stamps __________ __________ __________ different countries. 2. 他相信编程能帮助人们。 He __________ that programming can __________ people. 3. 这个爱好不仅能让我放松，还能帮我减轻压力。 This hobby can not only make me relax, but also help me __________ __________. 4. 她梦想有一天能去意大利旅行。 She __________ __________ travelling to Italy one day. 答案: 一、单词拼写与词性转换 1. reduce 2. stress 3. foreigners 4. achievement 5. dreamed / dreamt 6. allows 7. stamps 8. teenage 9. rather 10. started 二、短语填空 1. calm down 2. dreamed of / dreamt of 3. reduce stress; keep fit 4. learn about 5. take up 6. at the same time 7. pass the time 三、句型转换 1. to learn 2. doesn’t think 3. so; that 4. What; do 四、单项选择 1. A/B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 五、完成句子 1. to learn about 2. believes; help 3. reduce stress 4. dreams of 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $