专题11 九下全册Units1～6（复习讲义）(沪教牛津版教材梳理)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题11 九下全册Units1~6（复习讲义）（沪教牛津版教材梳理） 目 录 01考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02思维导图·网络构建 2 03考点通关·靶向突破 2 考点1 重点词汇 2 考点2 易混词辨析 10 考点3 重点句型 10 考点4 重点语法 17 04优题精选·练能提分 18 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 掌握重点词汇：develop, rise, besides, spread, admit, fail, manage, similar, concern, cause, habit, destroy, recycle, notice, dead, missing, awake, announce, stress, focus, aware, risk, deal, cheer, recovery等词汇的用法 1.夯实语言基础，熟练掌握词汇、句型与语法规则 2.提升理解与运用能力，能在语境中准确使用知识 3.强化应试技巧，轻松应对各类题型，减少基础失分 易混词辨析 掌握重点辨析：voyage/journey/trip/travel/tour，happen/take place，get/be used to/used to/be used to，wear/dress/put on/(be) in，take/spend/cost/pay，rise/raise，alive/living/live/lively，stressed/stressful，besides/except/but，at the end of/in the end/by the end of，as a result of/as a result/result in，deal with/do with，compare… with…/compare… to…，especially/specially等 重点句型 疑问词 + 动词不定式 (短语) seemed that... so...that.../such...that...；too...to...；enough to... find it + 形容词 + to do sth as...as possible find sb doing sth It takes/took (sb) some time to do sth be/become aware +that 从句 I'm sorry to hear that... (be) busy with sth/doing sth 重点语法 复习巩固动词的时态和被动语态、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、it句型 命题预测 单词、易混词辨析、句型和语法会融合到各种题型中考查。通常在语法选择、完成句子、语篇填词、语法填空等题型中考查。其中时态和语态、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句是中考的高频及核心考点。 考点1 重点词汇 1.develop 【教材原文】His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.（九下Unit 1） 【主要用法】v. 增强；加强；发展；开发 【词形变化】developed（过去式/过去分词）；developing（现在分词）；development（n.）；developed（adj. 发达的）；developing（adj. 发展中的） 【短语】develop relations 加强关系；develop skills 培养技能；develop into 发展成为 【例句】 · This small village developed into a famous tourist city. 这个小村庄发展成了一座著名的旅游城市。 · We need to develop our reading ability in English learning. 英语学习中我们需要培养阅读能力。 2.rise 【教材原文】He rose to become a trusted official of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty.（九下Unit 1） 【主要用法】v. 变得更加成功（或重要、强大等）；升起；上升；起立 【词形变化】rose（过去式）；risen（过去分词）；rising（现在分词） 【短语】rise up 起立；rise to fame 成名；the sun rises 太阳升起 【例句】 · The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 · She rose to become the manager of the company in five years. 她五年内晋升为公司经理。 3.besides 【教材原文】Besides developing trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies.（九下Unit 1） 【主要用法】prep. 除……之外（还）；adv. 此外；而且 【短语】besides sth/sb/ doing sth 除了某物/某人/某事之外（还） 【例句】 · Besides English, he also learns French and German. 除了英语，他还学法语和德语。 · I don't like the movie. Besides, it's too long. 我不喜欢这部电影，此外，它还太长了。 4.spread 【教材原文】They also helped spread knowledge and ideas across the world.（九下Unit 1） 【主要用法】v. 传播；展开；铺开；蔓延；扩散 【词形变化】spread（过去式/过去分词）；spreading（现在分词） 【短语】spread out 展开；铺开；spread across 传遍；spread to 蔓延到 【例句】 · The news spread across the country in a short time. 这条消息很快传遍了全国。 · She spread the map out on the table to find the way. 她把地图铺在桌子上找路。 5.admit 【教材原文】I must admit that at first America was a big culture shock for me.（九下Unit 2） 【主要用法】v. （常指勉强）承认；准许……进入 【词形变化】admitted（过去式/过去分词）；admitting（现在分词） 【短语】admit (to) doing sth 承认做过某事；admit that 从句 承认……；be admitted to/into 被准许进入 【例句】 · He admitted making a mistake in the work. 他承认在工作中犯了一个错误。 · She hopes to be admitted to her dream university. 她希望被梦想中的大学录取。 6.fail 【教材原文】I failed to understand much in the first few weeks because everyone spoke so fast.（九下Unit 2） 【主要用法】v. 失败；未能（做到）；不及格；使失望 【词形变化】failed（过去式/过去分词）；failing（现在分词）；failure（n. 失败；失败的人/事） 【短语】fail to do sth 未能做某事；fail in sth 在某方面失败；fail sb 使某人失望 【例句】 · He failed to catch the early bus this morning. 他今天早上没赶上早班车。 · I don't want to fail my parents' expectations. 我不想辜负父母的期望。 7.manage 【教材原文】Though I soon managed to get used to it, I still had problems because they used a lot of idioms.（九下Unit 2） 【主要用法】v. 完成（困难的事）；勉力完成；经营；管理；设法做成 【词形变化】managed（过去式/过去分词）；managing（现在分词）；manager（n. 经理）；management（n. 管理） 【短语】manage to do sth 设法做成某事；manage a company 经营一家公司；manage time 管理时间 【例句】 · He managed to finish the work on time despite the difficulty. 尽管有困难，他还是设法按时完成了工作。 · Her father manages a big restaurant in the city. 她父亲在城里经营一家大饭店。 8.similar 【教材原文】We're different in some ways, and we're similar in others.（九下Unit 2） 【主要用法】adj. 相像的；类似的 【词形变化】similarly（adv. 类似地）；similarity（n. 相似性） 【短语】be similar to 与……相似；be similar in 在……方面相似 【例句】 · My new bag is similar to yours in color. 我的新包在颜色上和你的相似。 · The two buildings are similar in style. 这两座建筑在风格上相似。 9.concern 【教材原文】Learn to express concern.（九下Unit 3） 【主要用法】n. 担心；忧虑；v. 使忧虑；使担心；与……有关 【词形变化】concerned（过去式/过去分词/adj. 担心的）；concerning（prep. 关于） 【短语】express concern for 表达对……的担忧；be concerned about/for 担心……；as far as I'm concerned 就我而言 【例句】 · People show great concern for the environmental problem. 人们对环境问题表现出极大的担忧。 · My parents are concerned about my study at school. 父母担心我在学校的学习。 10. cause 【教材原文】Too much of this gas pollutes the atmosphere, and causes it to keep in too much heat.（九下Unit 3） 【主要用法】v. 造成；导致；引起；n. 原因；起因；理由 【词形变化】caused（过去式/过去分词）；causing（现在分词） 【短语】cause sth 引起某事；cause sb/sth to do sth 导致某人/某物做某事；the cause of ……的原因 【例句】 · Smoking can cause many serious diseases. 吸烟会导致许多严重的疾病。 · What's the cause of the fire in the building? 这栋楼着火的原因是什么？ 11.habit 【教材原文】Many of our habits cause pollution.（九下Unit 3 Reading） 【主要用法】n. 习惯 【词形变化】habitual（adj. 习惯性的） 【短语】develop a habit 养成一个习惯；break the habit of 改掉……的习惯；eating habit 饮食习惯；good/bad habit 好/坏习惯 【例句】 · It's important to develop a good reading habit. 养成良好的阅读习惯很重要。 · He is trying to break the habit of staying up late. 他正努力改掉熬夜的习惯。 12.destroy 【教材原文】Every year, we destroy nature by cutting down huge areas of forests.（九下Unit 3） 【主要用法】v. 摧毁；毁灭；破坏 【词形变化】destroyed（过去式/过去分词）；destroying（现在分词）；destruction（n. 破坏）； destructive（adj. 破坏性的） 【短语】destroy the environment 破坏环境；destroy one's hope 破灭某人的希望 【例句】 · The heavy rain destroyed many houses in the village. 大雨摧毁了村里的许多房子。 · Don't let failure destroy your confidence. 不要让失败磨灭你的信心。 13.recycle 【教材原文】I think we should ask people to recycle as many things as possible.（九下Unit 3 ） 【主要用法】v. 回收利用；再利用 【词形变化】recycled（过去式/过去分词）；recycling（现在分词/n. 回收利用）；recyclable（adj. 可回收的） 【短语】recycle paper/plastic 回收纸/塑料；recycling bin 回收箱 【例句】 · We should recycle plastic bottles to protect the environment. 我们应该回收塑料瓶来保护环境。 · This factory recycles waste water and uses it again. 这家工厂回收废水并再次利用。 14.notice 【教材原文】In surprise, people finally started to notice the flood, but it was too late.（九下Unit 4 ） 【主要用法】v. 看（或听）到；注意到；意识到；n. 布告；通告；通知 【词形变化】noticed（过去式/过去分词）；noticing（现在分词） 【短语】notice sb do sth 注意到某人做了某事；notice sb doing sth 注意到某人正在做某事；put up a notice 张贴布告 【例句】 · I noticed a little boy crying at the corner of the street. 我注意到一个小男孩在街角哭。 · There is a new notice on the school notice board. 学校公告栏上有一则新通知。 15. dead 【教材原文】I tried to call my dad, but the line was dead. 【主要用法】adj. 死的；失去生命的；枯萎的；不再有人使用的 【词形变化】die (v.) 死亡；去世；death (n.) 死；死亡；deadly (adj./adv.) 致命的；极其 dying adj.临终的, 垂死的 【短语】fall dead 倒下死去；be dead 死了；be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事（九下Unit 5） 【例句】 · The man was found dead in the river. 人们发现这名男子死在河里。 · These flowers are dead because of no water. 这些花因为缺水枯萎了。 16.missing 【教材原文】Three people were killed and one person is missing.（九下Unit 4） 【主要用法】adj. 失踪的；丢失的 【词形变化】无（同根词：miss v. 错过；思念；丢失） 【短语】go missing 失踪；the missing boy 失踪的男孩；missing things 丢失的东西 【例句】 · The police are looking for the missing girl in the mountain. 警察正在山里寻找那个失踪的女孩。 · My key has gone missing. Have you seen it? 我的钥匙丢了，你看到了吗？ 17. awake 【教材原文】Then I awoke.（九下Unit4） 【主要用法】adj. 醒着的；清醒的；v. 唤醒；弄醒；使觉醒 （过去式 awoke/awaked，过去分词 awoken/awaked，现在分词 awaking） 【词形变化】awaken（v. 唤醒；使意识到，正式体）；awareness（n. 意识；认知）； awake→awoken（常用不规则变形） 【短语】be awake 醒着的；keep awake 保持清醒；awake sb from sth 把某人从…… 中唤醒； awake to sth 意识到某事 【例句】 · He was awake all night because of the noise outside. 因为外面的噪音，他一夜没睡。 · The sound of the bell awoke me from a deep sleep. 铃声把我从熟睡中唤醒。 · We must awake to the danger of climate change. 我们必须意识到气候变化的危险。 18. announce 【教材原文】Listen to a conversation and an announcement about the Table Tennis Club matches.（九下Unit 5） 【主要用法】v. 宣布；宣告；公布 【词形变化】announced（过去式/过去分词）；announcing（现在分词）；announcement（n. 公告；通告） 【短语】announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事； announce a decision 宣布一项决定 【例句】 · The teacher announced the exam results to the class. 老师向全班公布了考试成绩。 · The company announced a new plan yesterday. 公司昨天宣布了一项新计划。 19. stress 【教材原文】help reduce stress（九下Unit 5 ） 【主要用法】n. 精神压力；紧张；v. 强调；重读 【词形变化】stressed（adj. 焦虑不安的；紧张的）；stressful（adj. 充满压力的；紧张的）；stressed（过去式/过去分词） 【短语】under stress 承受压力；suffer from stress 遭受压力；stress the importance of 强调……的重要性 【例句】 · Many students are under great stress before exams. 许多学生考试前承受着巨大的压力。 · The teacher stressed the importance of reading aloud in English learning. 老师强调了英语学习中大声朗读的重要性。 20. focus 【教材原文】They focus too much on studying, dealing with peer pressure and worrying about what others think.（九下Unit 6 ） 【主要用法】v. 集中（注意力、精力等）于；聚焦；n. 中心点；焦点 【词形变化】focused/focussed（过去式/过去分词）；focusing/focussing（现在分词） 【短语】focus …on 集中……于；focus one's attention on 把注意力集中在……；the focus of attention 关注的焦点 【例句】 · You should focus your attention on your homework. 你应该把注意力集中在作业上。 · The focus of the meeting is the new project plan. 这次会议的重点是新的项目计划。 21. aware 【教材原文】You should be aware that stress is a risk to your health.（九下Unit 6） 【主要用法】adj. 知道的；意识到的 【词形变化】unaware（adj. 未意识到的）；awareness（n. 意识） 【短语】be aware of sth/doing sth 意识到某事/做某事；be aware that 从句 意识到……；raise awareness 提高意识 【例句】 · We should be aware of the danger of smoking. 我们应该意识到吸烟的危害。 · She wasn't aware that she had made a mistake. 她没有意识到自己犯了一个错误。 22. risk 【教材原文】You should be aware that stress is a risk to your health.（九下Unit 6 ） 【主要用法】n. 风险；危险；v. 冒险；冒……的风险 【词形变化】risked（过去式/过去分词）；risking（现在分词）；risky（adj. 有风险的；危险的） 【短语】take/run a risk 冒险；at risk 处于危险中；the risk of (doing) sth （做）某事的风险；risk doing sth 冒险做某事 【例句】 · There is a big risk of losing money in this business. 做这笔生意有很大的赔钱风险。 · He risked his life to save the little girl from the fire. 他冒着生命危险从火中救出了小女孩。 23. deal 【教材原文】Here are some ways to deal with stress and bring balance to your life.（九下Unit 6） 【主要用法】v. 处理；应对；交易；n. 交易；协议 【词形变化】dealt（过去式/过去分词）；dealing（现在分词） 【短语】deal with 处理；应对；make a deal 达成协议；a good deal of 大量的（后接不可数名词） 【例句】 · I don't know how to deal with this difficult problem. 我不知道如何处理这个难题。 · They made a deal on the cooperation project yesterday. 他们昨天就合作项目达成了协议。 24. cheer 【教材原文】(cheer...up)（九下Unit 6 ） 【主要用法】v. （使）变得更高兴；（使）振奋起来；欢呼；喝彩；n. 欢呼；喝彩；欢呼声 【词形变化】cheered（过去式/过去分词）；cheering（现在分词）；cheerful（adj. 兴高采烈的；高兴的） 【短语】cheer sb up 使某人高兴起来；cheer for 为……欢呼；cheer up 振作起来 【例句】 · Let's watch a funny movie to cheer you up. 我们看一部搞笑电影让你开心起来吧。 · The students cheered for their team at the sports meeting. 学生们在运动会上为他们的队伍欢呼。 25. recovery 【教材原文】 I wish you all the best for a rapid recovery.（九下Unit 6 ） 【主要用法】n. 恢复；痊愈；复原；收回；找回 【词形变化】recover（v. 恢复；痊愈；收回；找回，过去式 / 过去分词 recovered，现在分词 recovering）； 【短语】make a recovery 恢复健康；痊愈；recovery from sth 从…… 中恢复； economic recovery 经济复苏；data recovery 数据恢复 【例句】 · She made a quick recovery from the illness with proper treatment. 经过妥善治疗，她的病情很快就痊愈了。 · His recovery from the accident took nearly half a year. 他从这场事故中恢复过来花了将近半年时间。 · The recovery of the lost painting made everyone excited. 这幅丢失画作的找回让所有人都很兴奋。 一、单词拼写 1．The speech was so boring and long that I found it hard to stay a___________. 2.I don’t know how to d________ with this problem. Can you help me? 3.He got a full mark. As a r________, his mom gave him a smart phone as a prize. 4.Having a hobby can help you m________ your time better and give you more energy. 5.Don’t walk in the forest alone. It’s very dangerous, e________ at night. 6.I don’t really want to go. B________, it’s too late. 7．People s________ eggs around in different hiding places for an egg hunt. 8.The d______ of new energy cars is changing the future of transportation. 9．Although the banker has a lot of w________, he is unhappy everyday. 10．Longping Yuan is k________ as one of the greatest world’s scientists. 11.Columbus’s d________ of America in 1492 is a well-known event in history. 12. We must be a___________ of the importance of protecting the environment. 13. He got up late and hurried to school, only to find his homework was m___________. 14.You need to calm down and f___________ on your study instead of playing games all day. 15.Many ancient buildings were d___________ in the war. 16. R___________ waste is a good way to protect our earth. 17. The teacher’s main c___________ is whether all the students are safe after the heavy rain. 18. They were shocked to see some animals lying d___________ by the river. 19.As the sun r___________ in the east, the whole world becomes bright and warm. 20.Your idea is s___________ to mine. We both think the plan is good. 考点2 易混词辨析 1. voyage vs journey vs trip vs travel vs tour 易混词 核心含义 关键用法 例句 voyage 航行 侧重海上/空中航行 The voyage across the Atlantic took 10 days. 跨越大西洋的航行用了10天。 journey 旅程 侧重长途、单程陆地旅行 It’s a long journey from Beijing to Guangzhou. 从北京到广州是一段长途旅程。 trip 出行 侧重短途往返，非正式 We had a pleasant trip to the mountain. 我们去山里玩了一趟，很愉快。 travel 旅行（泛指） 不可数，侧重游历 Travel broadens our mind. 旅行开阔我们的眼界。 tour 观光/巡回 侧重多地游览或巡演 We are on a tour of Europe. 我们正在欧洲观光。 2. happen vs take place 易混词（组） 核心含义 关键用法 例句 happen 发生；碰巧 强调偶然性，无被动 A car accident happened last night. 昨晚发生了一起车祸。 take place 发生；举行 强调事先计划，无被动 The sports meeting will take place next week. 运动会将于下周举行。 3. get/be used to vs used to vs be used to 易混词组 核心含义 用法结构 例句 get/be used to 习惯于；适应 + n./pron./doing sth I am used to drinking milk every morning. 我习惯每天早上喝牛奶。 used to 过去常常 + do sth（现在不做了） I used to play computer games, but now I don’t. 我过去常玩电脑游戏，现在不玩了。 be used to 被用来 + do sth（被动含义） This knife is used to cut fruit. 这把刀被用来切水果。 4. wear vs dress vs put on vs (be) in 易混词（组） 核心含义 关键用法 例句 wear 穿；戴 强调状态，接衣物/配饰 She wears a red dress today. 她今天穿一条红裙子。 dress (给……)穿衣服 强调状态，接人或接 in + 衣服 She dressed her baby quickly. 她快速给宝宝穿好衣服。 put on 穿上 强调动作，接衣物 Put on your coat, it’s cold outside. 穿上外套，外面很冷。 (be) in 穿着 强调状态，接衣服/颜色 The man in blue is my father. 穿蓝色衣服的男人是我爸爸。 5. take vs spend vs cost vs pay 易混词 主语 核心句型 例句 take It/物 It takes sb time to do sth It takes me 30 minutes to walk to school. 我步行上学要花30分钟。 spend 人 sb spend time (in) doing sth ；spend time/money on sth. I spent 2 hours (in) reading this book. 我花了2小时读这本书。 cost 物 sth cost sb money This book cost me 20 yuan. 这本书花了我20元。 pay 人 sb pay money for sth I paid 20 yuan for this book. 我为这本书付了20元。 6. rise vs raise 易混词 核心含义 关键用法 例句 rise (rose, risen) 不及物动词 升起；增加；提高 无被动，不接宾语，主语多为物（太阳、河水、价格等） The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 raise (raised, raised) 及物动词 举起；筹集；饲养；提高 接宾语，主语多为人 Raise your hand if you know the answer. 知道答案请举手。 7. alive vs living vs live vs lively 易混词 核心含义 关键用法 例句 alive 活着的 表语/宾补/后置定语，侧重“还活着” The old man is still alive. 这位老人还健在。 living 活着的 定语/表语，侧重“健在的” He is a living legend. 他是一位活着的传奇。 live 活的；实况的 定语，修饰物（动物/直播） We saw a live panda in the zoo. 我们在动物园看到了一只活熊猫。 There is a live show tonight. 今晚有一场现场直播。 lively 活泼的 定语/表语，修饰人/物 The lesson is lively and interesting. 这节课生动有趣。 8. stressed vs stressful（stress 的形容词） 形容词 核心含义 修饰对象 例句 stressed 焦虑的；紧张的 人 I feel stressed before exams. 考试前我感到焦虑。 stressful 充满压力的 事物 This is a stressful job. 这是一份压力很大的工作。 9. besides vs except vs but 易混词 核心含义 逻辑关系 例句 besides 除……之外（还） 叠加（包含在内） Besides English, I also learn French. 除了英语，我还学法语。 except 除……之外 排除（不包含） Everyone is here except Tom. 除了汤姆，大家都到了。 except for 除……之外 含义：对整体情况进行细节修正，后接名词 / 代词（美中不足） The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 这篇作文很好，只是有几处拼写错误。 but 除……之外 排除，常与 no/nothing/anything 连用 I have nothing but a pen. 我除了一支笔一无所有。 10. at the end of vs in the end vs by the end of 易混词组 核心含义 关键用法 例句 at the end of 在……末尾/尽头 接时间/地点名词 There is a shop at the end of the street. 这条街尽头有一家商店。 in the end 最后；终于 单独使用，= finally In the end, we won the game. 最后，我们赢得了比赛。 by the end of 到……结束时 接时间，常与完成时连用 By the end of last year, I had learned 2000 words. 到去年年底，我已经学了2000个单词。 11. as a result of vs as a result vs result in 易混词组 含义 词性 例句 as a result of 由于 介词短语（接原因） He was late as a result of the heavy rain. 由于大雨，他迟到了。 as a result 结果 副词短语（接结果） He didn’t study hard. As a result, he failed the exam. 他学习不努力，结果考试不及格。 result in 导致 动词短语（接结果） Smoking can result in serious illness. 吸烟会导致严重疾病。 12. deal with vs do with 易混词组 核心含义 搭配疑问词 例句 deal with 处理；应付 与 how 连用 How do you deal with this problem? 你如何处理这个问题？ do with 处理；应付 与 what 连用 What will you do with the old clothes? 你要怎么处理这些旧衣服？ 13. compare… with… vs compare… to… 易混词组 核心含义 关键用法 例句 compare… with… 把……与……对比 同类事物比较异同 Compare this book with that one, and you’ll find the difference. 把这本书和那本对比，你会发现不同。 compare… to… 把……比作…… 找相似性，比喻 People often compare life to a journey. 人们常把人生比作一场旅行。 14. especially vs specially 单词 词性 核心含义 侧重点 例句 especially adv. 尤其；特别；格外 强调程度，在整体中突出某一个 I like all subjects, especially English. specially adv. 专门地；特地 强调目的，为特定目标去做某事 This pen is made specially for you. 1．We often ________ the teacher ________ a candle in Chinese poems. A．compare; with B．compare; to C．compare; for D．compare; at 2．_______ English, he is good at French and Japanese. A．Except B．Except for C．Besides D．Beside 3.—Did you study any other language ________ English when you were at college? —Yes, I also studied French there. But I have forgotten all ________ a few words of each. A．besides; besides B．but; except C．except; except D．besides; except 4．She is a ________ girl and she always makes her class interesting. A．living B．alive C．lively D．live 5．This job is so ________ that I feel very ________ every day. A．stressed; stressful B．stressful; stressed C．stress; stressed D．stressful; stress 6. —The T-shirt is so great. How much does it ________? —Five hundred yuan. I don’t think it’s a good idea for us to ________ so much money on it. A．cost; pay B．pay; spend C．cost; spend D．spend; cost 7．The _______ across the Atlantic Ocean was long and dangerous in the old days. A．trip B．voyage C．travel D．tour 8.—Molly has changed so much! She ________ be shy and quiet. —Yes. But now she ________ speaking in front of class. A．used to; is used to B．is used to; used to C．used to; used to D．gets used to, used to 9.You should ________ your coat. It’s cold outside. A．wear B．dress C．put on D．in 10. We had learned 2,000 words ________ last term. A．at the end of B．in the end C．by the end of D．on the end 11.He didn’t pass the exam ________ his carelessness. A．as a result B．as a result of C．result in D．result from 12. I like all kinds of sports, ________ running and swimming. A．especially B．special C．specially 13. I don’t know ________ to deal with these old books. A．What B．How C．Which D．why 14．What will you ________ with the waste paper in the corner? A．do B．deal C．work D．make 考点3 重点句型 1. 疑问词+动词不定式(短语) 【教材原文】We need to learn how to use adverbial clauses of result correctly. 核心用法：可作主语、宾语、表语；常见疑问词有who/whom/what/which（疑问代词）、where/when/how（疑问副词）。 例句：Learn how to use adverbial clauses of result.（作宾语）/ When to set out hasn't been decided.（作主语） 2. It seemed that... 【教材原文】It seemed that nowhere was too far for Zheng He to visit. 核心用法：It为形式主语，真正主语是that从句，意为“似乎/好像……”。 例句：It seemed that nowhere was too far for him to visit. 3. so...that.../such...that...（结果状语从句）； 【教材原文】His travels were so important that they are still studied today. 核心用法：均表“如此……以至于……”；so后接形容词/副词，such后接名词短语，可同义转换。 结构 核心用法 例句 so + adj./adv. + that 修饰形容词/副词 He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up. 他跑得太快，我追不上。 so + adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数 + that 修饰名词 It’s so interesting a book that I read it twice. 这本书太有趣了，我读了两遍。 such + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + that 修饰名词 It’s such an interesting book that I read it twice. 这本书太有趣了，我读了两遍。 such + adj. + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 + that 修饰名词 They are such kind people that everyone likes them. 他们是如此善良的人，每个人都喜欢他们。 4.too...to... 【教材原文】The train travelled too fast for us to see much outside the window. 核心用法：表否定意义“太……而不能……”，可接逻辑主语“for sb”，即“too+adj./adv.+for sb+to do sth”。 例句：The train travelled too fast for us to see much outside the window. 5. enough to... 【教材原文】The ships were big enough to carry 25,000 people as well as very large quantities of goods. 核心用法：表“足够……可以做某事”，结构为“adj./adv.+enough to do sth”，否定式为“not+adj./adv.+enough to do sth”，可与too...to../so...that...互换。 例句：They were big enough to carry 25,000 people as well as very large quantities of goods. 6. find it+形容词+to do sth 【教材原文】Brad found it hard to understand American idioms when he first came to the US. 核心用法：it为形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的不定式，意为“发现做某事是……的”。 例句：Brad found it hard to understand American idioms. 78.as...as possible 【教材原文】I think we should ask people to recycle as many things as possible in daily life. 核心用法：表“尽可能……”，结构为“as+adj./adv.原级+as possible”，可接名词“as+adj.+n.+as possible”。 例句：I think we should ask people to recycle as many things as possible. 8.find sb doing sth 【教材原文】When you walked through the forest, you found someone smoking in the forest. 核心用法：doing作宾语补足语，表“发现某人正在做某事”；拓展find sb do sth（表动作全过程）/find it+adj.+to do sth。 例句：You found someone smoking in the forest. 9. It takes/took (sb) some time to do sth 【教材原文】It took a long time to build the house after the flood. 核心用法：It为形式主语，真正主语是不定式，意为“做某事花费(某人)多少时间”。 例句：It took a long time to build the house. 10. be/become aware +that从句 【教材原文】You should be aware that stress is a risk to your health and learn to deal with it. 核心用法：that可省略，意为“知道/意识到……”；拓展be aware of sth/doing sth（of后接名词/动名词）。 例句：You should be aware that stress is a risk to your health. 11. I'm sorry to hear that... 【教材原文】I'm so sorry to hear that you fell down some stairs and hurt yourself yesterday. 核心用法：用于表达同情/惋惜，后接宾语从句，常用于应用文开头；拓展I'm glad to hear that...（表高兴）。 例句：I'm so sorry to hear that you fell down some stairs and hurt yourself yesterday. 例句：I wish you all the best for a rapid recovery. 12. (be) busy with sth/doing sth 【教材原文】When you are busy with a hobby, you leave all your worries behind and feel relaxed. 核心用法：表“忙于做……”，with后接名词/动名词，可与be busy doing sth互换。 例句：When you are busy with a hobby, you leave all your worries behind. 1．We find ________ very important ________ listening skills every day. A．it; practicing B．it; to practice C．that; to practice D．this; practicing 2. You should come to school as ________ as possible tomorrow morning. A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．more early 3.________ took me two hours ________ my homework yesterday. A．It; finish B．It; to finish C．This; finish D．That; to finish 4．We should be aware ________ good habits are good for our health. A．that B．what C．which D．where 5．I'm sorry ________ that your pet dog was lost. A．hear B．to hear C．hearing D．heard 6．My mother is busy ________ housework every day, so she has little time to relax. A．do B．to do C．doing D．did 7．It was ________ interesting movie that I watched it twice. A．so B．such C．such an D．so an 考点4 重点语法 语法综合复习与巩固（时态、语态、it的用法与句型、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等） 一、单项选择 1．My brother ________ to drive last year. Now he can drive his own car. A．learn B．learns C．learned D．will learn 2．While my parents were preparing dinner, I ________ my homework carefully. A．do B．will do C．am doing D．was doing 3．Over the years, he ________ a lot. He is no longer a little boy. A．changes B．changed C．has changed D．will change 4．Look! The students ________ an experiment in the science lab. A．do B．are doing C．were doing D．have done 5．A lot of food and clothes ________ to the disaster-stricken areas since last week. A．have sent B．are sent C．have been sent D．were sent 6．In order to make our city more beautiful, more trees and flowers ________ every year. A．will plant B．should plant C．be planted D．should be planted 7．The old building ________ down last year, and a new hospital is being built now. A．pull B．pulls C．pulled D．was pulled 8．It is said that the famous singer ________ to our city next week. A．will invite B．will be invited C．invited D．was invited 9．He was seen ________ basketball on the playground just now. A．play B．to play C．played D．playing 10．—Does Julie look the same ________ Jenny? —No, they are different ________ each other. A．as; with B．as; from C．to; with D．to; from 11．Sleeping and getting up early make ________ easier to learn something new. A．that B．this C．one D．it 12．It’s necessary ________ us ________ those in need. A．for; to help B．for; helping C．of; to help D．of; helping 13．________ is necessary for us to learn to be independent from a young age. A．That B．This C．It D．One 14．There are so many beautiful scarves, I don’t know _________ . A．how to buy B．what to buy C．to choose which one D．which one to buy 15． Could you tell me ______ the nearest hospital is? A．where B．when C．who D．what 16．I wonder ________ the famous poet Bai Juyi wrote so many poems about Jiujiang. A．what B．why C．that D．which 17．The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said. A．that B．what C．when D．where 18．Could you please tell me ________ the person sitting over there is? I don’t know him. A．who B．what C．when D．where 19．The man ________ was new in this city got a lot of help from the police. A．who B．which C．whose D．where 20．If you want to succeed, the first thing ________ you should do is to work out a plan. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 21．This is the book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday. It’s very interesting. A．who B．whose C．which D．what 22．He is ______ a clever boy ______ he can work out the problem. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to 23．He has made ______ many great achievements ______ he is often spoken highly of. A．such, to B．so, that C．such, that D．too, to 24．Many people didn’t know the importance of protecting wild animals ________ some of them died out. A．when B．after C．until D．because 25．Lisa is flying to America for a vacation. And she will call his friends ______ she arrives at the airport. A．although B．until C．as soon as D．since 一、语法选择 Do you have the feeling that there is too much pressure on you? Do you lose sleep at night because of your study? Do you think your time 1 not enough because you have so many things to do? 2 a teenager, you may have these problems. But don’t 3 about that because everyone experiences stress at times. 4 you cannot avoid stress, you can keep it under control. 5 can you do to deal with stress? First, be realistic (现实的). Don’t try to be perfect because no one is perfect. And 6 others to be perfect can add to your stress level too. If you need help on something, like schoolwork, ask for it. Second, learn to relax. When you feel tired, you can stop for a while and listen to music 7 is gentle. It can help you relax. And it’s a good choice 8 a relaxing bath after a whole day’s hard work. You may also read a good book, take up a hobby, or play 9 your pet. Third, treat your body well. Experts agree that exercising 10 helps people manage stress. And eating well can help your body get the right fuel to be at 11 best. It's easy for you to eat 12 food or eat too much when you stress out. But it cannot help to reduce your stress. Moreover, solve the little problems. 13 to solve everyday problems can give you a sense of control. Develop skills to calmly face the problem, make a choice, and take action toward a solution. Feeling able to solve little problems builds the confidence to solve bigger 14 . It can improve your ability to deal 15 stress. 1．A．be B．is C．are D．were 2．A．Of B．With C．As D．For 3．A．worried B．worries C．to worry D．worry 4．A．However B．But C．And D．Although 5．A．What B．Where C．Which D．How 6．A．making B．having C．expecting D．letting 7．A．when B．what C．whose D．which 8．A．to take B．taking C．takes D．took 9．A．with B．for C．by D．to 10．A．regular B．regularly C．more regular D．the most regular 11．A．its B．his C．their D．her 12．A．health B．healthily C．unhealthy D．unhealthily 13．A．Learn B．Learning C．Learned D．Learns 14．A．that B．those C．one D．ones 15．A．by B．toward C．with D．upon Do you ever wonder what happens to your old clothes after you throw them away? Most people think they go to a landfill (垃圾填埋场). But the truth is surprising. Some of them travel thousands of miles to countries far away. Every year, people in rich countries buy more clothes than they need. Fashion changes quickly, and cheap clothes make it easy to buy new ones. But what happens to the old ones? Some are given to charity shops. Some are thrown in the bin. But a large amount is packed into huge bales (大包) and sent to countries in Africa and Asia. Take Ghana, a country in West Africa, as an example. Every week, about 15 million used clothes arrive at its capital, Accra. These clothes are sold in huge markets like Kantamanto. People call them “dead white man’s clothes” because they come from Western countries. At first, this might sound like a good thing. People in Ghana can buy cheap clothes. But there is a dark side. About 40% of these clothes are of such poor quality that no one wants to buy them. They end up in open dumps, rivers, or are burned. This causes serious pollution. The chemicals in the clothes harm the soil and water. Burning them poisons the air. Some people are trying to solve this problem. Organizations are teaching people how to recycle old clothes into new products. For example, worn-out jeans can become bags. Old T-shirts can be turned into rugs. Designers are also creating new fashion from waste materials. The next time you want to throw away an old T-shirt, think about its journey. Could it be turned into something new? Could someone else use it? Every small choice we make can help reduce waste and protect our planet. 1．What happens to most old clothes from rich countries? A．They are all recycled into new products. B．They are sent to landfills in the same country. C．They are shipped to other countries for sale. D．They are all given to charity shops. 2．Why do people in Ghana call used clothes “dead white man’s clothes”? A．Because the clothes are of poor quality. B．Because they come from Western countries. C．Because the clothes are for dead people. D．Because they are sold in Kantamanto market. 3．What problem do the unwanted clothes cause in Ghana? A．They take up too much space in shops. B．They are too expensive for local people. C．They cause pollution to the environment. D．They make local clothes less popular. 4．How does the writer organize Paragraph 5? A．By telling a story. B．By comparing different opinions. C．By giving examples. D．By listing numbers. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Fashion Trends in Africa B．The Secret Journey of Your Old Clothes C．How to Recycle at Home D．The History of Second-hand Markets 三、短文填空 A.阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 As an old Chinese saying goes, “Mind in peace gives you coolness.” When temperature rises in summer, Chinese people have some traditional 1 (method) for reducing the summer heat besides keeping calm. Here are some choices which will 2 (certain) bring you cool experience. Plum juice is a traditional 3 (health) drink for summer in Beijing. It can reduce the harm from summer heat to human body. Because of the 4 (develop) of storage technology, people can have the juice all year round, yet summer 5 (be) the best time. Burning incense (熏香) made from herbs has 6 long history in China. Such incense can reduce the moisture (湿气) that may become a hotbed of illnesses in hot summer days, and protect you from being troubled by insects. Bamboo mat (席子) is a lovely must-have that can cool your summer with a 7 (nature) smell. There are many sizes for pillows, beds and chairs. The ones with pale green colours can bring visual comfort in summer heat. If you want 8 (lead) a low carbon style of living, a fan is necessary in summer. It can make you feel cool. Also in ancient China, the silk fans with beautiful embroideries (刺绣) 9 (use) by women quite often, especially unmarried young ladies. They used the fan to hide 10 (they) mouth or face when they needed to show some feminine shyness. B.阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Vasco da Gama was born in the 1460s. He was a Portuguese explorer who was k 1 as the first man to sail from Europe to India. He m 2 to develop the relations with India and set up a trade route from Western Europe to the East by way of the Cape of Good Hope. In 1497, he started his first v 3 and arrived at a city in Southwestern India after ten months. When he was there, he tried to set up a trade relation with the leader of the city though he f 4 many times. In 1499, he returned to his own country with lots of treasure. In 1520, he sailed to India again. After he returned to his country this time and r 5 to become a Portuguese viceroy (总督). In late 1524, he died of an illness in India. 四、完成句子 1.由于温室效应，地球的温度在不断上升。 ________ ________ ________ ________ the greenhouse effect, the Earth’s temperature is increasing. 2.很多野生动物都处于危险中，所以我们要马上采取措施保护他们。 Many wild animals are ________ ________, so we must ________ ________ to protect them. 3．当你有信心去做某事，结果就会成功！ When you do something with faith, it will _________ _________ success. 4．人们太残忍了，杀了那么多野生动物。 _________ ___________ _________ ___________ to kill so many wild animals. 5．对我们青少年来说，保护视力是很重要的。 ________ ________ for us teenagers ________ ________ our eyesight. 6．两年前，我们学校设立了英语角。 The English Corner ___________ ___________ ___________ by our school two years ago. 7．她迫不及待地将这个好消息分享给了她的笔友辛迪。 She ________ ________ ________ ________ the good news with her pen pal Cindy. 8．他们所采取的每个小行动都改变着这片森林。 Every small action they took ________ ________ ________ to the forest. 9．我上初中才习惯每天坚持跑步。 I __________ __________ __________ to running __________ I entered junior high school. 10．尽管他已经输掉了比赛，他仍没有意识到自己的错误。 _________ he had lost the game, yet he _________ ___________ __________ his mistake. 11．用科学家给的方法，我们花了几个小时处理了很多麻烦。 It ________ us several hours ________ ________ ________ much trouble using his ways. 12.该把所有的忧虑都抛在后面吧。 All the worries _______ _______ _______ _______. 13.表哥是个学霸，父母经常把我和他作比较。 My cousin is an excellent student, I _______ often _______ _______ him by my parents. 14.查克没有工作、居无定所，也没有朋友，还得忍受异国文化带来的冲击。 Chuck is jobless, homeless, friendless, and suffering from ________ ________ ________. 15．作为一种传统的庆祝新年的方式，放爆竹受到大部分中国人的欢迎。 As a traditional way to celebrate the new year, ________ ________ firecrackers is welcomed by most Chinese people. 16.于是，他们在闲暇时持续练习并在活动中表现优异。 Therefore, they kept practising ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ and did a good job in the activity. 17．当我们进入别人家时，我们必须脱鞋。 We must ________ ________ our shoes when we enter people’s homes. 18．然而，在某种程度上，美国的生活让人难以习惯。 However, ________ ________ ________ ________, life in the US was hard to get used to. 19.研究结果显示，人们不健康的生活方式导致了许多现代疾病。 The research shows that people’s unhealthy lifestyles ________ ________ modern diseases. 20. 说实话，这个小女孩非常渴望拥有一只属于自己的小猫。 To be honest, the little cat ________ ________ ________ have a cat of her own. 21．你奶奶知道怎么才能使用iPad读新闻吗？ Does your grandma know ________ ________ ________ ________ an iPad to read news? 22．这是多么有用的建议啊！谢谢你！ ________ ________ ________ this is! Thank you! 23.我们很感兴趣以至于听得很认真。 We were ________ interested in it ________ we all listened very carefully. 24．他花了差不多一个星期来修理好这个飞机模型。 ________ ________ him nearly a whole week ________ ________ this model plane. 25. 匡衡很喜欢读书，但是他太穷了买不起书籍。 ______ Kuang Heng liked reading books, he was ______ ______ ______ he couldn’t afford any. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题11 九下全册Units1~6（复习讲义）（沪教牛津版教材梳理） 目 录 01考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02思维导图·网络构建 2 03考点通关·靶向突破 2 考点1 重点词汇 2 考点2 易混词辨析 12 考点3 重点句型 12 考点4 重点语法 22 04优题精选·练能提分 26 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 掌握重点词汇：develop, rise, besides, spread, admit, fail, manage, similar, concern, cause, habit, destroy, recycle, notice, dead, missing, awake, announce, stress, focus, aware, risk, deal, cheer, recovery等词汇的用法 1.夯实语言基础，熟练掌握词汇、句型与语法规则 2.提升理解与运用能力，能在语境中准确使用知识 3.强化应试技巧，轻松应对各类题型，减少基础失分 易混词辨析 掌握重点辨析：voyage/journey/trip/travel/tour，happen/take place，get/be used to/used to/be used to，wear/dress/put on/(be) in，take/spend/cost/pay，rise/raise，alive/living/live/lively，stressed/stressful，besides/except/but，at the end of/in the end/by the end of，as a result of/as a result/result in，deal with/do with，compare… with…/compare… to…，especially/specially等 重点句型 疑问词 + 动词不定式 (短语) seemed that... so...that.../such...that...；too...to...；enough to... find it + 形容词 + to do sth as...as possible find sb doing sth It takes/took (sb) some time to do sth be/become aware +that 从句 I'm sorry to hear that... (be) busy with sth/doing sth 重点语法 复习巩固动词的时态和被动语态、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、it句型 命题预测 单词、易混词辨析、句型和语法会融合到各种题型中考查。通常在语法选择、完成句子、语篇填词、语法填空等题型中考查。其中时态和语态、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句是中考的高频及核心考点。 考点1 重点词汇 1.develop 【教材原文】His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.（九下Unit 1） 【主要用法】v. 增强；加强；发展；开发 【词形变化】developed（过去式/过去分词）；developing（现在分词）；development（n.）；developed（adj. 发达的）；developing（adj. 发展中的） 【短语】develop relations 加强关系；develop skills 培养技能；develop into 发展成为 【例句】 · This small village developed into a famous tourist city. 这个小村庄发展成了一座著名的旅游城市。 · We need to develop our reading ability in English learning. 英语学习中我们需要培养阅读能力。 2.rise 【教材原文】He rose to become a trusted official of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty.（九下Unit 1） 【主要用法】v. 变得更加成功（或重要、强大等）；升起；上升；起立 【词形变化】rose（过去式）；risen（过去分词）；rising（现在分词） 【短语】rise up 起立；rise to fame 成名；the sun rises 太阳升起 【例句】 · The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 · She rose to become the manager of the company in five years. 她五年内晋升为公司经理。 3.besides 【教材原文】Besides developing trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies.（九下Unit 1） 【主要用法】prep. 除……之外（还）；adv. 此外；而且 【短语】besides sth/sb/ doing sth 除了某物/某人/某事之外（还） 【例句】 · Besides English, he also learns French and German. 除了英语，他还学法语和德语。 · I don't like the movie. Besides, it's too long. 我不喜欢这部电影，此外，它还太长了。 4.spread 【教材原文】They also helped spread knowledge and ideas across the world.（九下Unit 1） 【主要用法】v. 传播；展开；铺开；蔓延；扩散 【词形变化】spread（过去式/过去分词）；spreading（现在分词） 【短语】spread out 展开；铺开；spread across 传遍；spread to 蔓延到 【例句】 · The news spread across the country in a short time. 这条消息很快传遍了全国。 · She spread the map out on the table to find the way. 她把地图铺在桌子上找路。 5.admit 【教材原文】I must admit that at first America was a big culture shock for me.（九下Unit 2） 【主要用法】v. （常指勉强）承认；准许……进入 【词形变化】admitted（过去式/过去分词）；admitting（现在分词） 【短语】admit (to) doing sth 承认做过某事；admit that 从句 承认……；be admitted to/into 被准许进入 【例句】 · He admitted making a mistake in the work. 他承认在工作中犯了一个错误。 · She hopes to be admitted to her dream university. 她希望被梦想中的大学录取。 6.fail 【教材原文】I failed to understand much in the first few weeks because everyone spoke so fast.（九下Unit 2） 【主要用法】v. 失败；未能（做到）；不及格；使失望 【词形变化】failed（过去式/过去分词）；failing（现在分词）；failure（n. 失败；失败的人/事） 【短语】fail to do sth 未能做某事；fail in sth 在某方面失败；fail sb 使某人失望 【例句】 · He failed to catch the early bus this morning. 他今天早上没赶上早班车。 · I don't want to fail my parents' expectations. 我不想辜负父母的期望。 7.manage 【教材原文】Though I soon managed to get used to it, I still had problems because they used a lot of idioms.（九下Unit 2） 【主要用法】v. 完成（困难的事）；勉力完成；经营；管理；设法做成 【词形变化】managed（过去式/过去分词）；managing（现在分词）；manager（n. 经理）；management（n. 管理） 【短语】manage to do sth 设法做成某事；manage a company 经营一家公司；manage time 管理时间 【例句】 · He managed to finish the work on time despite the difficulty. 尽管有困难，他还是设法按时完成了工作。 · Her father manages a big restaurant in the city. 她父亲在城里经营一家大饭店。 8.similar 【教材原文】We're different in some ways, and we're similar in others.（九下Unit 2） 【主要用法】adj. 相像的；类似的 【词形变化】similarly（adv. 类似地）；similarity（n. 相似性） 【短语】be similar to 与……相似；be similar in 在……方面相似 【例句】 · My new bag is similar to yours in color. 我的新包在颜色上和你的相似。 · The two buildings are similar in style. 这两座建筑在风格上相似。 9.concern 【教材原文】Learn to express concern.（九下Unit 3） 【主要用法】n. 担心；忧虑；v. 使忧虑；使担心；与……有关 【词形变化】concerned（过去式/过去分词/adj. 担心的）；concerning（prep. 关于） 【短语】express concern for 表达对……的担忧；be concerned about/for 担心……；as far as I'm concerned 就我而言 【例句】 · People show great concern for the environmental problem. 人们对环境问题表现出极大的担忧。 · My parents are concerned about my study at school. 父母担心我在学校的学习。 10. cause 【教材原文】Too much of this gas pollutes the atmosphere, and causes it to keep in too much heat.（九下Unit 3） 【主要用法】v. 造成；导致；引起；n. 原因；起因；理由 【词形变化】caused（过去式/过去分词）；causing（现在分词） 【短语】cause sth 引起某事；cause sb/sth to do sth 导致某人/某物做某事；the cause of ……的原因 【例句】 · Smoking can cause many serious diseases. 吸烟会导致许多严重的疾病。 · What's the cause of the fire in the building? 这栋楼着火的原因是什么？ 11.habit 【教材原文】Many of our habits cause pollution.（九下Unit 3 Reading） 【主要用法】n. 习惯 【词形变化】habitual（adj. 习惯性的） 【短语】develop a habit 养成一个习惯；break the habit of 改掉……的习惯；eating habit 饮食习惯；good/bad habit 好/坏习惯 【例句】 · It's important to develop a good reading habit. 养成良好的阅读习惯很重要。 · He is trying to break the habit of staying up late. 他正努力改掉熬夜的习惯。 12.destroy 【教材原文】Every year, we destroy nature by cutting down huge areas of forests.（九下Unit 3） 【主要用法】v. 摧毁；毁灭；破坏 【词形变化】destroyed（过去式/过去分词）；destroying（现在分词）；destruction（n. 破坏）； destructive（adj. 破坏性的） 【短语】destroy the environment 破坏环境；destroy one's hope 破灭某人的希望 【例句】 · The heavy rain destroyed many houses in the village. 大雨摧毁了村里的许多房子。 · Don't let failure destroy your confidence. 不要让失败磨灭你的信心。 13.recycle 【教材原文】I think we should ask people to recycle as many things as possible.（九下Unit 3 ） 【主要用法】v. 回收利用；再利用 【词形变化】recycled（过去式/过去分词）；recycling（现在分词/n. 回收利用）；recyclable（adj. 可回收的） 【短语】recycle paper/plastic 回收纸/塑料；recycling bin 回收箱 【例句】 · We should recycle plastic bottles to protect the environment. 我们应该回收塑料瓶来保护环境。 · This factory recycles waste water and uses it again. 这家工厂回收废水并再次利用。 14.notice 【教材原文】In surprise, people finally started to notice the flood, but it was too late.（九下Unit 4 ） 【主要用法】v. 看（或听）到；注意到；意识到；n. 布告；通告；通知 【词形变化】noticed（过去式/过去分词）；noticing（现在分词） 【短语】notice sb do sth 注意到某人做了某事；notice sb doing sth 注意到某人正在做某事；put up a notice 张贴布告 【例句】 · I noticed a little boy crying at the corner of the street. 我注意到一个小男孩在街角哭。 · There is a new notice on the school notice board. 学校公告栏上有一则新通知。 15. dead 【教材原文】I tried to call my dad, but the line was dead. 【主要用法】adj. 死的；失去生命的；枯萎的；不再有人使用的 【词形变化】die (v.) 死亡；去世；death (n.) 死；死亡；deadly (adj./adv.) 致命的；极其 dying adj.临终的, 垂死的 【短语】fall dead 倒下死去；be dead 死了；be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事（九下Unit 5） 【例句】 · The man was found dead in the river. 人们发现这名男子死在河里。 · These flowers are dead because of no water. 这些花因为缺水枯萎了。 16.missing 【教材原文】Three people were killed and one person is missing.（九下Unit 4） 【主要用法】adj. 失踪的；丢失的 【词形变化】无（同根词：miss v. 错过；思念；丢失） 【短语】go missing 失踪；the missing boy 失踪的男孩；missing things 丢失的东西 【例句】 · The police are looking for the missing girl in the mountain. 警察正在山里寻找那个失踪的女孩。 · My key has gone missing. Have you seen it? 我的钥匙丢了，你看到了吗？ 17. awake 【教材原文】Then I awoke.（九下Unit4） 【主要用法】adj. 醒着的；清醒的；v. 唤醒；弄醒；使觉醒 （过去式 awoke/awaked，过去分词 awoken/awaked，现在分词 awaking） 【词形变化】awaken（v. 唤醒；使意识到，正式体）；awareness（n. 意识；认知）； awake→awoken（常用不规则变形） 【短语】be awake 醒着的；keep awake 保持清醒；awake sb from sth 把某人从…… 中唤醒； awake to sth 意识到某事 【例句】 · He was awake all night because of the noise outside. 因为外面的噪音，他一夜没睡。 · The sound of the bell awoke me from a deep sleep. 铃声把我从熟睡中唤醒。 · We must awake to the danger of climate change. 我们必须意识到气候变化的危险。 18. announce 【教材原文】Listen to a conversation and an announcement about the Table Tennis Club matches.（九下Unit 5） 【主要用法】v. 宣布；宣告；公布 【词形变化】announced（过去式/过去分词）；announcing（现在分词）；announcement（n. 公告；通告） 【短语】announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事； announce a decision 宣布一项决定 【例句】 · The teacher announced the exam results to the class. 老师向全班公布了考试成绩。 · The company announced a new plan yesterday. 公司昨天宣布了一项新计划。 19. stress 【教材原文】help reduce stress（九下Unit 5 ） 【主要用法】n. 精神压力；紧张；v. 强调；重读 【词形变化】stressed（adj. 焦虑不安的；紧张的）；stressful（adj. 充满压力的；紧张的）；stressed（过去式/过去分词） 【短语】under stress 承受压力；suffer from stress 遭受压力；stress the importance of 强调……的重要性 【例句】 · Many students are under great stress before exams. 许多学生考试前承受着巨大的压力。 · The teacher stressed the importance of reading aloud in English learning. 老师强调了英语学习中大声朗读的重要性。 20. focus 【教材原文】They focus too much on studying, dealing with peer pressure and worrying about what others think.（九下Unit 6 ） 【主要用法】v. 集中（注意力、精力等）于；聚焦；n. 中心点；焦点 【词形变化】focused/focussed（过去式/过去分词）；focusing/focussing（现在分词） 【短语】focus …on 集中……于；focus one's attention on 把注意力集中在……；the focus of attention 关注的焦点 【例句】 · You should focus your attention on your homework. 你应该把注意力集中在作业上。 · The focus of the meeting is the new project plan. 这次会议的重点是新的项目计划。 21. aware 【教材原文】You should be aware that stress is a risk to your health.（九下Unit 6） 【主要用法】adj. 知道的；意识到的 【词形变化】unaware（adj. 未意识到的）；awareness（n. 意识） 【短语】be aware of sth/doing sth 意识到某事/做某事；be aware that 从句 意识到……；raise awareness 提高意识 【例句】 · We should be aware of the danger of smoking. 我们应该意识到吸烟的危害。 · She wasn't aware that she had made a mistake. 她没有意识到自己犯了一个错误。 22. risk 【教材原文】You should be aware that stress is a risk to your health.（九下Unit 6 ） 【主要用法】n. 风险；危险；v. 冒险；冒……的风险 【词形变化】risked（过去式/过去分词）；risking（现在分词）；risky（adj. 有风险的；危险的） 【短语】take/run a risk 冒险；at risk 处于危险中；the risk of (doing) sth （做）某事的风险；risk doing sth 冒险做某事 【例句】 · There is a big risk of losing money in this business. 做这笔生意有很大的赔钱风险。 · He risked his life to save the little girl from the fire. 他冒着生命危险从火中救出了小女孩。 23. deal 【教材原文】Here are some ways to deal with stress and bring balance to your life.（九下Unit 6） 【主要用法】v. 处理；应对；交易；n. 交易；协议 【词形变化】dealt（过去式/过去分词）；dealing（现在分词） 【短语】deal with 处理；应对；make a deal 达成协议；a good deal of 大量的（后接不可数名词） 【例句】 · I don't know how to deal with this difficult problem. 我不知道如何处理这个难题。 · They made a deal on the cooperation project yesterday. 他们昨天就合作项目达成了协议。 24. cheer 【教材原文】(cheer...up)（九下Unit 6 ） 【主要用法】v. （使）变得更高兴；（使）振奋起来；欢呼；喝彩；n. 欢呼；喝彩；欢呼声 【词形变化】cheered（过去式/过去分词）；cheering（现在分词）；cheerful（adj. 兴高采烈的；高兴的） 【短语】cheer sb up 使某人高兴起来；cheer for 为……欢呼；cheer up 振作起来 【例句】 · Let's watch a funny movie to cheer you up. 我们看一部搞笑电影让你开心起来吧。 · The students cheered for their team at the sports meeting. 学生们在运动会上为他们的队伍欢呼。 25. recovery 【教材原文】 I wish you all the best for a rapid recovery.（九下Unit 6 ） 【主要用法】n. 恢复；痊愈；复原；收回；找回 【词形变化】recover（v. 恢复；痊愈；收回；找回，过去式 / 过去分词 recovered，现在分词 recovering）； 【短语】make a recovery 恢复健康；痊愈；recovery from sth 从…… 中恢复； economic recovery 经济复苏；data recovery 数据恢复 【例句】 · She made a quick recovery from the illness with proper treatment. 经过妥善治疗，她的病情很快就痊愈了。 · His recovery from the accident took nearly half a year. 他从这场事故中恢复过来花了将近半年时间。 · The recovery of the lost painting made everyone excited. 这幅丢失画作的找回让所有人都很兴奋。 一、单词拼写 1．The speech was so boring and long that I found it hard to stay a___________. 【答案】(a)wake 【详解】句意：演讲又无聊又冗长，我发现很难保持清醒。根据句意和首字母提示可知应填“awake”。“awake”是形容词，表示“清醒的”，在句中作表语，说明主语“I”的状态。故填(a)wake。 2.I don’t know how to d________ with this problem. Can you help me? 【答案】(d)eal 【详解】句意：我不知道如何处理这个问题。你能帮我吗？根据“...with this problem”和首字母d可知，此处说的是处理这个问题，deal with“处理”，动词短语；how to do sth.“如何做某事”。故填(d)eal。 3.He got a full mark. As a r________, his mom gave him a smart phone as a prize. 【答案】(r)esult 【详解】句意：他得了满分。因此，他的妈妈送给他一部智能手机作为奖励。根据语境和首字母提示可知，他考了满分，妈妈送给他智能手机作为奖励，前后为因果关系，可推测此处是因此，as a result表示“因此”，空处需填名词单数，result“结果”，名词。故填(r)esult。 4.Having a hobby can help you m________ your time better and give you more energy. 【答案】(m)anage 【详解】句意：拥有一个爱好可以帮助你更好地管理你的时间，并给你更多的精力。根据“Having a hobby can help you m...your time better”可知，此处考查help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，横线处需填动词原形。结合语境及首字母提示，manage“管理”，动词，符合题意，manage your time“管理你的时间”。故填(m)anage。 5.Don’t walk in the forest alone. It’s very dangerous, e________ at night. 【答案】(e)specially 【详解】句意：不要一个人走进森林，特别是在夜里，这非常危险。根据“It’s very dangerous...at night”可知此处强调在晚上独自去森林是危险的，故应填副词“especially”。故填(e)specially。 6.I don’t really want to go. B________, it’s too late. 【答案】(B)esides 【详解】句意：我真的不想去。而且，现在已经太晚了。根据“I don’t really want to go...it’s too late now.”可知，此处是为副词besides“此外，而且”，修饰后面的句子。故填(B)esides。 7．People s________ eggs around in different hiding places for an egg hunt. 【答案】(s)pread 【详解】句意：人们把鸡蛋散布在不同的隐蔽处让人寻找鸡蛋。根据“in different hiding places”可知，是把鸡蛋撒在不同的地方，spread意为“展开，散布，传播”，结合语境，此句为一般现在时，people意为“人们”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，故填(s)pread。 8.The d______ of new energy cars is changing the future of transportation. 【答案】(d)evelopment 【详解】句意：新能源汽车的发展正在改变交通的未来。根据“The...of new energy cars is changing the future of transportation.”及结合首字母可知，此处指新能源汽车的发展，the development of表示“……的发展”。故填(d)evelopment。 9．Although the banker has a lot of w________, he is unhappy everyday. 【答案】(w)ealth 【详解】句意：虽然这位银行家有很多财富，但他每天都不开心。根据“the banker”及首字母提示可知，银行家应是有很多财富，wealth“财富”，不可数名词。故填(w)ealth。 10．Longping Yuan is k________ as one of the greatest world’s scientists. 【答案】(k)nown 【详解】句意：袁隆平被认为是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。根据首字母k及“as one of the greatest world’s scientists”可知，此处考查be known as，意为“被认为是；作为……而出名”。故填(k)nown。 11.Columbus’s d________ of America in 1492 is a well-known event in history. 【答案】(d)iscovery 【详解】句意：1492年哥伦布发现美洲是历史上著名的事件。根据“Columbus’s d... of America in 1492 is a well-known event in history.”可知，1492年哥伦布发现美洲，discovery“发现”符合语境，故填(d)iscovery。 12. We must be a___________ of the importance of protecting the environment. 【答案】(a) ware 【详解】句意：我们必须意识到保护环境的重要性。根据句意和首字母提示可知应填 “aware”。be aware of 为固定短语，意为 “意识到，知道”。故填 (a) ware。 13. He got up late and hurried to school, only to find his homework was m___________. 【答案】(m) issing 【详解】句意：他起晚了，匆忙赶到学校，却发现作业不见了。根据句意和首字母提示可知应填 “missing”。missing 为形容词，表示 “丢失的，失踪的”。故填 (m) issing。 14.You need to calm down and f___________ on your study instead of playing games all day. 【答案】(f) ocused 【详解】句意：你需要冷静下来，专注于学习而不是整天玩游戏。根据句意和首字母提示可知应填 “focused”。focus on 为固定搭配，表示 “专注于”，stay focused 保持专注。故填 (f) ocused。 15.Many ancient buildings were d___________ in the war. 【答案】(d) estroyed 【详解】句意：许多古建筑在战争中被摧毁了。根据句意和首字母提示可知应填 “destroyed”。句子为被动语态，destroy 表示 “摧毁，破坏”，过去分词为 destroyed。故填 (d) estroyed。 16. R___________ waste is a good way to protect our earth. 【答案】(R) ecycling 【详解】句意：回收废物是保护地球的好方法。根据句意和首字母提示可知应填 “Recycling”。此处用动名词作主语，表示 “回收利用”。故填 (R) ecycling。 17. The teacher’s main c___________ is whether all the students are safe after the heavy rain. 【答案】(c) oncern 【详解】句意：老师最关心的是大雨过后所有学生是否安全。根据句意和首字母提示可知应填 “concern”。concern 作名词，意为 “关心，担心的事”。故填 (c) oncern。 18. They were shocked to see some animals lying d___________ by the river. 【答案】(d) ead 【详解】句意：他们震惊地看到一些动物死在河边。根据句意和首字母提示可知应填 “dead”。lie dead 表示 “躺着死去”，形容词作状语。故填 (d) ead。 19.As the sun r___________ in the east, the whole world becomes bright and warm. 【答案】(r) ises 【详解】句意：太阳从东方升起时，整个世界变得明亮又温暖。根据句意和首字母提示可知应填 “rises”。rise 表示 “升起”，主语 the sun 为单数，一般现在时动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 (r) ises。 20.Your idea is s___________ to mine. We both think the plan is good. 【答案】(s) imilar 【详解】句意：你的想法和我的相似。我们都觉得这个计划不错。根据句意和首字母提示可知应填 “similar”。be similar to 为固定搭配，意为 “与…… 相似”。故填 (s) imilar。 考点2 易混词辨析 1. voyage vs journey vs trip vs travel vs tour 易混词 核心含义 关键用法 例句 voyage 航行 侧重海上/空中航行 The voyage across the Atlantic took 10 days. 跨越大西洋的航行用了10天。 journey 旅程 侧重长途、单程陆地旅行 It’s a long journey from Beijing to Guangzhou. 从北京到广州是一段长途旅程。 trip 出行 侧重短途往返，非正式 We had a pleasant trip to the mountain. 我们去山里玩了一趟，很愉快。 travel 旅行（泛指） 不可数，侧重游历 Travel broadens our mind. 旅行开阔我们的眼界。 tour 观光/巡回 侧重多地游览或巡演 We are on a tour of Europe. 我们正在欧洲观光。 2. happen vs take place 易混词（组） 核心含义 关键用法 例句 happen 发生；碰巧 强调偶然性，无被动 A car accident happened last night. 昨晚发生了一起车祸。 take place 发生；举行 强调事先计划，无被动 The sports meeting will take place next week. 运动会将于下周举行。 3. get/be used to vs used to vs be used to 易混词组 核心含义 用法结构 例句 get/be used to 习惯于；适应 + n./pron./doing sth I am used to drinking milk every morning. 我习惯每天早上喝牛奶。 used to 过去常常 + do sth（现在不做了） I used to play computer games, but now I don’t. 我过去常玩电脑游戏，现在不玩了。 be used to 被用来 + do sth（被动含义） This knife is used to cut fruit. 这把刀被用来切水果。 4. wear vs dress vs put on vs (be) in 易混词（组） 核心含义 关键用法 例句 wear 穿；戴 强调状态，接衣物/配饰 She wears a red dress today. 她今天穿一条红裙子。 dress (给……)穿衣服 强调状态，接人或接 in + 衣服 She dressed her baby quickly. 她快速给宝宝穿好衣服。 put on 穿上 强调动作，接衣物 Put on your coat, it’s cold outside. 穿上外套，外面很冷。 (be) in 穿着 强调状态，接衣服/颜色 The man in blue is my father. 穿蓝色衣服的男人是我爸爸。 5. take vs spend vs cost vs pay 易混词 主语 核心句型 例句 take It/物 It takes sb time to do sth It takes me 30 minutes to walk to school. 我步行上学要花30分钟。 spend 人 sb spend time (in) doing sth ；spend time/money on sth. I spent 2 hours (in) reading this book. 我花了2小时读这本书。 cost 物 sth cost sb money This book cost me 20 yuan. 这本书花了我20元。 pay 人 sb pay money for sth I paid 20 yuan for this book. 我为这本书付了20元。 6. rise vs raise 易混词 核心含义 关键用法 例句 rise (rose, risen) 不及物动词 升起；增加；提高 无被动，不接宾语，主语多为物（太阳、河水、价格等） The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 raise (raised, raised) 及物动词 举起；筹集；饲养；提高 接宾语，主语多为人 Raise your hand if you know the answer. 知道答案请举手。 7. alive vs living vs live vs lively 易混词 核心含义 关键用法 例句 alive 活着的 表语/宾补/后置定语，侧重“还活着” The old man is still alive. 这位老人还健在。 living 活着的 定语/表语，侧重“健在的” He is a living legend. 他是一位活着的传奇。 live 活的；实况的 定语，修饰物（动物/直播） We saw a live panda in the zoo. 我们在动物园看到了一只活熊猫。 There is a live show tonight. 今晚有一场现场直播。 lively 活泼的 定语/表语，修饰人/物 The lesson is lively and interesting. 这节课生动有趣。 8. stressed vs stressful（stress 的形容词） 形容词 核心含义 修饰对象 例句 stressed 焦虑的；紧张的 人 I feel stressed before exams. 考试前我感到焦虑。 stressful 充满压力的 事物 This is a stressful job. 这是一份压力很大的工作。 9. besides vs except vs but 易混词 核心含义 逻辑关系 例句 besides 除……之外（还） 叠加（包含在内） Besides English, I also learn French. 除了英语，我还学法语。 except 除……之外 排除（不包含） Everyone is here except Tom. 除了汤姆，大家都到了。 except for 除……之外 含义：对整体情况进行细节修正，后接名词 / 代词（美中不足） The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 这篇作文很好，只是有几处拼写错误。 but 除……之外 排除，常与 no/nothing/anything 连用 I have nothing but a pen. 我除了一支笔一无所有。 10. at the end of vs in the end vs by the end of 易混词组 核心含义 关键用法 例句 at the end of 在……末尾/尽头 接时间/地点名词 There is a shop at the end of the street. 这条街尽头有一家商店。 in the end 最后；终于 单独使用，= finally In the end, we won the game. 最后，我们赢得了比赛。 by the end of 到……结束时 接时间，常与完成时连用 By the end of last year, I had learned 2000 words. 到去年年底，我已经学了2000个单词。 11. as a result of vs as a result vs result in 易混词组 含义 词性 例句 as a result of 由于 介词短语（接原因） He was late as a result of the heavy rain. 由于大雨，他迟到了。 as a result 结果 副词短语（接结果） He didn’t study hard. As a result, he failed the exam. 他学习不努力，结果考试不及格。 result in 导致 动词短语（接结果） Smoking can result in serious illness. 吸烟会导致严重疾病。 12. deal with vs do with 易混词组 核心含义 搭配疑问词 例句 deal with 处理；应付 与 how 连用 How do you deal with this problem? 你如何处理这个问题？ do with 处理；应付 与 what 连用 What will you do with the old clothes? 你要怎么处理这些旧衣服？ 13. compare… with… vs compare… to… 易混词组 核心含义 关键用法 例句 compare… with… 把……与……对比 同类事物比较异同 Compare this book with that one, and you’ll find the difference. 把这本书和那本对比，你会发现不同。 compare… to… 把……比作…… 找相似性，比喻 People often compare life to a journey. 人们常把人生比作一场旅行。 14. especially vs specially 单词 词性 核心含义 侧重点 例句 especially adv. 尤其；特别；格外 强调程度，在整体中突出某一个 I like all subjects, especially English. specially adv. 专门地；特地 强调目的，为特定目标去做某事 This pen is made specially for you. 1．We often ________ the teacher ________ a candle in Chinese poems. A．compare; with B．compare; to C．compare; for D．compare; at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在中国诗歌里，我们经常把老师比作蜡烛。 “compare…to…” 意为 “把…… 比作……”，用于比喻；“compare…with…” 意为 “把…… 和…… 作比较”，根据句意可知用 compare; to。故选 B。 2．_______ English, he is good at French and Japanese. A．Except B．Except for C．Besides D．Beside 【答案】C 【详解】句意：除了英语之外，他还擅长法语和日语。 “besides” 表示 “除…… 之外（还有）”，包含前者；“except” 表示 “除…… 之外”，不包含前者，根据句意可知用 Besides。故选 C。 3.—Did you study any other language ________ English when you were at college? —Yes, I also studied French there. But I have forgotten all ________ a few words of each. A．besides; besides B．but; except C．except; except D．besides; except 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——当你上大学时，除了英语，你还学过其它任何语言吗？——是的，我还学了法语。但是，每种语言除了几个单词外，我已经全都忘了。 考查介词辨析。besides除……之外（还有），包括其后的宾语在内；except除……之外，不包括在内，语气更强；but除了……（不再有）。根据“any other language”可知提问者问对方学了哪些语言，英语属于语言，包括在内，所以第一空填besides；而回答者说把学过的都忘了，只记住几个单词，这几个单词不在遗忘的范围内，所以第二空填except。故选D。 4．She is a ________ girl and she always makes her class interesting. A．living B．alive C．lively D．live 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她是一个活泼的女孩，总是让她的课堂很有趣。 “lively” 意为 “活泼的，生动的”，可修饰人或物；“alive” 意为 “活着的”，“living” 意为 “活着的”，“live” 意为 “现场的，活的”，根据句意可知用 lively。故选 C。 5．This job is so ________ that I feel very ________ every day. A．stressed; stressful B．stressful; stressed C．stress; stressed D．stressful; stress 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这份工作压力太大了，以至于我每天都感到很焦虑。 “stressful” 修饰事物，意为 “有压力的”；“stressed” 修饰人，意为 “感到焦虑的、紧张的”，故选 B。 6. —The T-shirt is so great. How much does it ________? —Five hundred yuan. I don’t think it’s a good idea for us to ________ so much money on it. A．cost; pay B．pay; spend C．cost; spend D．spend; cost 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这件T恤太棒了。它多少钱？——五百元。我认为我们花这么多钱在上面不是个好主意。 考查动词辨析。cost花费，主语通常是物；pay支付，主语通常是人，常用搭配pay for；spend花费，主语通常是人，常用搭配spend…on sth或spend…(in) doing sth。根据“The T-shirt…it”可知，主语是物，应用cost，询问价格；根据“us…much money on it”可知，此处是固定搭配spend money on sth，意为“在某物上花钱”。故选C。 7．The _______ across the Atlantic Ocean was long and dangerous in the old days. A．trip B．voyage C．travel D．tour 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在过去，跨越大西洋的航行漫长又危险。 “voyage” 侧重海上或空中的长途航行，“trip” 侧重短途往返，“travel” 泛指旅行，“tour” 侧重观光游览，根据句意可知用 voyage。故选 B。 8.—Molly has changed so much! She ________ be shy and quiet. —Yes. But now she ________ speaking in front of class. A．used to; is used to B．is used to; used to C．used to; used to D．gets used to, used to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——莫莉变化太大了！她过去常常害羞且安静。——是的。但现在她习惯于在全班面前讲话。 used to后接动词原形，表示“过去常常”；be used to后接动名词，表示“习惯于”。根据“Molly has changed so much”可知第一空描述过去的状态；根据“But now”及“speaking”可知第二空描述现在的习惯，故选 A。。 9.You should ________ your coat. It’s cold outside. A．wear B．dress C．put on D．in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你应该穿上外套，外面很冷。 “put on” 强调穿的动作，“wear” 和 “in” 强调穿的状态，“dress” 后接人，根据句意强调动作，故选 C。 10. We had learned 2,000 words ________ last term. A．at the end of B．in the end C．by the end of D．on the end 【答案】C 【详解】句意：到上学期末为止，我们已经学了 2000 个单词。 “by the end of + 过去时间” 常与过去完成时连用，意为 “到…… 末为止”；“at the end of” 意为 “在…… 尽头 / 末尾”，“in the end” 意为 “最后”，故选 C。 11.He didn’t pass the exam ________ his carelessness. A．as a result B．as a result of C．result in D．result from 【答案】B 【详解】句意：由于粗心，他考试没及格。 “as a result of” 是介词短语，后接名词或名词短语，表示 “由于……”，符合句意；“as a result” 后接句子，“result in” 为动词短语，意为 “导致”，均不符合本句结构。故选 B。 12. I like all kinds of sports, ________ running and swimming. A．especially B．special C．specially 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我喜欢各种各样的运动，尤其是跑步和游泳。 此处修饰全句，需要副词，在整体中突出某一部分，应用 “especially”，表示 “尤其，特别”。“special” 是形容词，“specially” 强调专门目的，均不符合语境。故选 A。 13. I don’t know ________ to deal with these old books. A．What B．How C．Which D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道该怎么处理这些旧书。deal with 常与疑问词 how 搭配使用，表示 “如何处理、应对”，符合句子结构与句意。故选 B。 14．What will you ________ with the waste paper in the corner? A．do B．deal C．work D．make 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你要怎么处理角落里的废纸？do with 常与疑问词 what 搭配使用，表示 “如何处理、处置”，符合句子结构与句意。故选 A。 考点3 重点句型 1. 疑问词+动词不定式(短语) 【教材原文】We need to learn how to use adverbial clauses of result correctly. 核心用法：可作主语、宾语、表语；常见疑问词有who/whom/what/which（疑问代词）、where/when/how（疑问副词）。 例句：Learn how to use adverbial clauses of result.（作宾语）/ When to set out hasn't been decided.（作主语） 2. It seemed that... 【教材原文】It seemed that nowhere was too far for Zheng He to visit. 核心用法：It为形式主语，真正主语是that从句，意为“似乎/好像……”。 例句：It seemed that nowhere was too far for him to visit. 3. so...that.../such...that...（结果状语从句）； 【教材原文】His travels were so important that they are still studied today. 核心用法：均表“如此……以至于……”；so后接形容词/副词，such后接名词短语，可同义转换。 结构 核心用法 例句 so + adj./adv. + that 修饰形容词/副词 He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up. 他跑得太快，我追不上。 so + adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数 + that 修饰名词 It’s so interesting a book that I read it twice. 这本书太有趣了，我读了两遍。 such + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + that 修饰名词 It’s such an interesting book that I read it twice. 这本书太有趣了，我读了两遍。 such + adj. + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 + that 修饰名词 They are such kind people that everyone likes them. 他们是如此善良的人，每个人都喜欢他们。 4.too...to... 【教材原文】The train travelled too fast for us to see much outside the window. 核心用法：表否定意义“太……而不能……”，可接逻辑主语“for sb”，即“too+adj./adv.+for sb+to do sth”。 例句：The train travelled too fast for us to see much outside the window. 5. enough to... 【教材原文】The ships were big enough to carry 25,000 people as well as very large quantities of goods. 核心用法：表“足够……可以做某事”，结构为“adj./adv.+enough to do sth”，否定式为“not+adj./adv.+enough to do sth”，可与too...to../so...that...互换。 例句：They were big enough to carry 25,000 people as well as very large quantities of goods. 6. find it+形容词+to do sth 【教材原文】Brad found it hard to understand American idioms when he first came to the US. 核心用法：it为形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的不定式，意为“发现做某事是……的”。 例句：Brad found it hard to understand American idioms. 78.as...as possible 【教材原文】I think we should ask people to recycle as many things as possible in daily life. 核心用法：表“尽可能……”，结构为“as+adj./adv.原级+as possible”，可接名词“as+adj.+n.+as possible”。 例句：I think we should ask people to recycle as many things as possible. 8.find sb doing sth 【教材原文】When you walked through the forest, you found someone smoking in the forest. 核心用法：doing作宾语补足语，表“发现某人正在做某事”；拓展find sb do sth（表动作全过程）/find it+adj.+to do sth。 例句：You found someone smoking in the forest. 9. It takes/took (sb) some time to do sth 【教材原文】It took a long time to build the house after the flood. 核心用法：It为形式主语，真正主语是不定式，意为“做某事花费(某人)多少时间”。 例句：It took a long time to build the house. 10. be/become aware +that从句 【教材原文】You should be aware that stress is a risk to your health and learn to deal with it. 核心用法：that可省略，意为“知道/意识到……”；拓展be aware of sth/doing sth（of后接名词/动名词）。 例句：You should be aware that stress is a risk to your health. 11. I'm sorry to hear that... 【教材原文】I'm so sorry to hear that you fell down some stairs and hurt yourself yesterday. 核心用法：用于表达同情/惋惜，后接宾语从句，常用于应用文开头；拓展I'm glad to hear that...（表高兴）。 例句：I'm so sorry to hear that you fell down some stairs and hurt yourself yesterday. 例句：I wish you all the best for a rapid recovery. 12. (be) busy with sth/doing sth 【教材原文】When you are busy with a hobby, you leave all your worries behind and feel relaxed. 核心用法：表“忙于做……”，with后接名词/动名词，可与be busy doing sth互换。 例句：When you are busy with a hobby, you leave all your worries behind. 1．We find ________ very important ________ listening skills every day. A．it; practicing B．it; to practice C．that; to practice D．this; practicing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们发现每天练习听力技能是非常重要的。 考查it作形式宾语和非谓语动词。it它；that那个；this这个。根据“find ... very important ... listening skills every day”可知，此处是“find it+形容词+to do sth.”结构，其中it作形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语，所以第一空用it，第二空用动词不定式to practice。故选B。 2. You should come to school as ________ as possible tomorrow morning. A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．more early 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你明天早上应该尽可能早地来学校。 考查 as…as possible 结构。两个 as 之间用形容词或副词原级，此处修饰动词 come 用副词 early，故选 A。 3.________ took me two hours ________ my homework yesterday. A．It; finish B．It; to finish C．This; finish D．That; to finish 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天我花了两个小时做作业。 考查 It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 句型。It 为形式主语，不定式 to finish 是真正主语，故选 B。 4．We should be aware ________ good habits are good for our health. A．that B．what C．which D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该意识到好习惯对我们的健康有益。 考查 be aware that 从句。that 引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用，故选 A。 5．I'm sorry ________ that your pet dog was lost. A．hear B．to hear C．hearing D．heard 【答案】B 【详解】句意：听说你的宠物狗丢了，我很难过。 考查固定句式 I'm sorry to hear that。不定式作原因状语，故选 B。 6．My mother is busy ________ housework every day, so she has little time to relax. A．do B．to do C．doing D．did 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妈妈每天忙着做家务，所以她几乎没有时间放松。 考查 be busy doing sth. 结构。表示 “忙于做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故选 C。 7．It was ________ interesting movie that I watched it twice. A．so B．such C．such an D．so an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是一部如此有趣的电影，我看了两遍。 考查 such…that… 结构。movie 是可数名词单数，且 interesting 以元音音素开头，用 “such an+adj.+ 可数名词单数 + that 从句”，故选 C。 考点4 重点语法 语法综合复习与巩固（时态、语态、it的用法与句型、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等） 一、单项选择 1．My brother ________ to drive last year. Now he can drive his own car. A．learn B．learns C．learned D．will learn 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我哥哥去年学了开车。现在他能开自己的车了。 根据时间状语“last year”可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。应填learned。 2．While my parents were preparing dinner, I ________ my homework carefully. A．do B．will do C．am doing D．was doing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我的父母在准备晚餐时，我正在认真地做作业。 考查时态辨析。根据从句“While my parents were preparing dinner”可知，主句动作与从句动作同时发生，且从句使用过去进行时，因此主句也应用过去进行时，表示“当时正在做作业”。故选D。 3．Over the years, he ________ a lot. He is no longer a little boy. A．changes B．changed C．has changed D．will change 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些年来，他已经改变了很多。他不再是一个小男孩了。 根据“Over the years”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语he为第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，change的过去分词为changed，应填has changed。 4．Look! The students ________ an experiment in the science lab. A．do B．are doing C．were doing D．have done 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看！学生们正在科学实验室做实验。 “Look!”是现在进行时的标志词（结构为am/is/are + doing），表示动作正在进行；主语students是复数，be动词用are。应填are doing。 5．A lot of food and clothes ________ to the disaster-stricken areas since last week. A．have sent B．are sent C．have been sent D．were sent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自上周以来，许多食物和衣服已经被送往灾区。 考查动词的时态和语态。have sent已经发送，现在完成时主动语态；are sent被发送，一般现在时被动语态；have been sent已经被发送，现在完成时被动语态；were sent被发送，一般过去时被动语态。根据时间状语“since last week”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时；主语“food and clothes”与动词“send”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。故选C。 6．In order to make our city more beautiful, more trees and flowers ________ every year. A．will plant B．should plant C．be planted D．should be planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了让我们的城市更美丽，每年应该种植更多的树木和花卉。 考查含情态动词的被动语态。主语“more trees and flowers”是“被种植”的对象，需用被动形式“be planted”。根据“In order to make our city more beautiful”可知，这是一种建议或责任，应使用情态动词“should”表达“应该”的含义。选项D“should be planted”同时满足被动语态和情态动词的要求。故选D。 7．The old building ________ down last year, and a new hospital is being built now. A．pull B．pulls C．pulled D．was pulled 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那栋旧楼去年被拆除了，现在正在建一所新医院。 根据时间状语“last year”可知，空处谓语动词应为一般过去时态，主语“building”为单数名词，与空处动词是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态“was+动词过去分词”，故填was pulled。 8．It is said that the famous singer ________ to our city next week. A．will invite B．will be invited C．invited D．was invited 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据说下周这位著名歌手将被邀请到我们城市。 根据“next week（下周）”表示将来，因此句子应使用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）；根据主语 “the famous singer（这位著名歌手）”是“被邀请”的对象，即动作的承受者，因此需要使用被动语态（be + 过去分词），应填will be invited。 9．He was seen ________ basketball on the playground just now. A．play B．to play C．played D．playing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：刚才有人看见他在操场上打篮球。 在主动语态中，感官动词see后接不带to的不定式see sb. do sth.（看见某人做某事，强调动作全过程）或see sb. doing sth.（看见某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行）；变为被动语态时，不定式结构需还原to，即be seen to do sth.，同时也存在be seen doing sth.结构（强调动作正在进行）。本题中just now侧重描述被看见做某事的完整事件，符合be seen to do的用法，应填to play。 10．—Does Julie look the same ________ Jenny? —No, they are different ________ each other. A．as; with B．as; from C．to; with D．to; from 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——朱莉看起来和珍妮长得一样吗? ——不，她们彼此有差异。 考查介词辨析。as像；with和；from与……（不同）；to到。根据短语，the same as和……一样；be different from和……不同；可知第一个空填as，第二个空填from。故选B。 11．Sleeping and getting up early make ________ easier to learn something new. A．that B．this C．one D．it 【答案】D 【详解】句意：早睡早起使学习新事物更容易。 考查代词辨析。that那；this这个；one一；it它。根据“make ... easier to learn something new.”可知，此处是句型make it+形容词+to do sth，其中it是形式宾语，后面的不定式作真正宾语。故选D。 12．It’s necessary ________ us ________ those in need. A．for; to help B．for; helping C．of; to help D．of; helping 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对我们来说，帮助那些需要帮助的人是必要的。 考查固定句型。It’s necessary for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是必要的”。故选A。 13．________ is necessary for us to learn to be independent from a young age. A．That B．This C．It D．One 【答案】C 【详解】句意：对我们来说，从小学习独立是必要的。 考查it作形式主语的用法。That那个；This这个；It它；One一个。本句中，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to learn to be independent from a young age，而空缺处需要填入一个形式主语，在英语中通常用it来充当形式主语。故选C。 14．There are so many beautiful scarves, I don’t know _________ . A．how to buy B．what to buy C．to choose which one D．which one to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：有那么多漂亮的围巾，我不知道买哪一条。 考查宾语从句。how to buy如何购买；what to buy买什么；to choose which one选择哪一个；which one to buy买哪一个。根据“There are so many beautiful scarves…”，可知，此处询问的是，不知道自己该买哪一个。应该用“which one to buy” 表示哪一个，多条围巾中选一条。故选D。 15． Could you tell me ______ the nearest hospital is? A．where B．when C．who D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能告诉我最近的医院在哪里吗？ 考查宾语从句的引导词。where哪里；when何时；who谁；what什么。分析题干可知，从句“the nearest hospital is”缺少地点状语，询问医院的位置，应使用引导词where。故选A。 16．I wonder ________ the famous poet Bai Juyi wrote so many poems about Jiujiang. A．what B．why C．that D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想知道著名诗人白居易为什么写了这么多关于九江的诗。 考查宾语从句引导词辨析。what什么；why为什么；that无实义，仅引导作用；which哪一个。根据“the famous poet Bai Juyi wrote so many poems about Jiujiang”可知，句子意思完整，不缺少主语或宾语，而是询问原因，因此应选用表示原因的引导词why。故选B。 17．The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said. A．that B．what C．when D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个学生完成了这个实验，使约瑟夫教授所说的话成为了现实。 考查宾语从句引导词辨析。that引导宾语从句时无实际意义，在从句中不充当成分；what什么，可引导宾语从句，并在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分；when何时，引导宾语从句时在从句中作时间状语；where何地，引导宾语从句时在从句中作地点状语。分析句子结构可知，“Professor Joseph had said”为宾语从句，且此从句缺少宾语，所以应该用what来引导，表示“约瑟夫教授所说的话”。故选B。 18．Could you please tell me ________ the person sitting over there is? I don’t know him. A．who B．what C．when D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能告诉我坐在那边的人是谁吗？我不认识他。 考查宾语从句。who谁；what什么；when何时；where哪里。根据“Could you please tell me…the person sitting over there is?”可知此处询问关于人的信息，用疑问词who，表示“谁”。故选A。 19．The man ________ was new in this city got a lot of help from the police. A．who B．which C．whose D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个刚到这座城市的人从警察那里得到了很多帮助。 who谁；which哪一个；whose谁的；where在哪里。根据句子结构可知，本句是一个定语从句，先行词是“The man”，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who来引导定语从句。因此，应填who。 20．If you want to succeed, the first thing ________ you should do is to work out a plan. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你想成功，你应该做的第一件事就是制定一个计划。 考查that引导的定语从句。which哪一个；who谁；that那个；whom谁（宾格）。先行词是“the first thing”，指物，且被序数词“first”修饰，定语从句中关系词应用that。故选C。 21．This is the book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday. It’s very interesting. A．who B．whose C．which D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我昨天从图书馆借的书。它非常有趣。 考查定语从句引导词辨析。who引导定语从句，指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose引导定语从句，指代人或物，在从句中作定语；which引导定语从句，指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句。根据句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“the book”，指代物，且在从句中作“borrowed”的宾语，所以应该用which。故选C。 22．He is ______ a clever boy ______ he can work out the problem. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他是一个如此聪明的男孩以至于他能解决这个问题。 so; that如此……以至于，so后边加形容词或副词；such; that如此……以至于，such后边加名词（短语）；too; to太……而不能；enough; to足够……能……。根据“a clever boy”可知，此处是一个名词短语，应该用such修饰，此处构成“such+a/an+adj.+n.+that从句”结构。故选B。 23．He has made ______ many great achievements ______ he is often spoken highly of. A．such, to B．so, that C．such, that D．too, to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他取得了如此多的成就，以至于经常受到高度评价。 考查连词。too是副词，修饰形容词或副词，与动词不定式连用时构成too...to结构，以肯定形式表示否定意义，译作“太……以至不能”；such是形容词，修饰名词，such+复数名词/不可数名词+that+从句；so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词，so+形容词/副词+(a/an)+（单数名词）复数名词/不可数名词+that+从句；so+ many(多) / few(少) +复数可数名词+that+从句；根据语境可知，句子表达的不是否定的意义，所以排除使用too...to句式； great achievements是复数名词，但其前使用many修饰，所以使用so，即so+ many(多) / few(少) +复数可数名词+that+从句。故选B。 24．Many people didn’t know the importance of protecting wild animals ________ some of them died out. A．when B．after C．until D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：很多人直到一些野生动物灭绝了才知道保护它们的重要性。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；after在……之后；until直到；because因为。根据“didn’t know”和“some of them died out”可知此处表达的是直到一些野生动物灭绝了，人们才知道保护它们的重要性，即not…until…结构，表示“直到……才……”。故选C。 25．Lisa is flying to America for a vacation. And she will call his friends ______ she arrives at the airport. A．although B．until C．as soon as D．since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：丽莎要飞往美国度假。她一到机场就给他的朋友们打电话。 考查连词。although尽管；until直到；as soon as一……就……；since自从。此处引导时间状语从句，用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，因此用连词as soon as。故选C。 一、语法选择 Do you have the feeling that there is too much pressure on you? Do you lose sleep at night because of your study? Do you think your time 1 not enough because you have so many things to do? 2 a teenager, you may have these problems. But don’t 3 about that because everyone experiences stress at times. 4 you cannot avoid stress, you can keep it under control. 5 can you do to deal with stress? First, be realistic (现实的). Don’t try to be perfect because no one is perfect. And 6 others to be perfect can add to your stress level too. If you need help on something, like schoolwork, ask for it. Second, learn to relax. When you feel tired, you can stop for a while and listen to music 7 is gentle. It can help you relax. And it’s a good choice 8 a relaxing bath after a whole day’s hard work. You may also read a good book, take up a hobby, or play 9 your pet. Third, treat your body well. Experts agree that exercising 10 helps people manage stress. And eating well can help your body get the right fuel to be at 11 best. It's easy for you to eat 12 food or eat too much when you stress out. But it cannot help to reduce your stress. Moreover, solve the little problems. 13 to solve everyday problems can give you a sense of control. Develop skills to calmly face the problem, make a choice, and take action toward a solution. Feeling able to solve little problems builds the confidence to solve bigger 14 . It can improve your ability to deal 15 stress. 1．A．be B．is C．are D．were 2．A．Of B．With C．As D．For 3．A．worried B．worries C．to worry D．worry 4．A．However B．But C．And D．Although 5．A．What B．Where C．Which D．How 6．A．making B．having C．expecting D．letting 7．A．when B．what C．whose D．which 8．A．to take B．taking C．takes D．took 9．A．with B．for C．by D．to 10．A．regular B．regularly C．more regular D．the most regular 11．A．its B．his C．their D．her 12．A．health B．healthily C．unhealthy D．unhealthily 13．A．Learn B．Learning C．Learned D．Learns 14．A．that B．those C．one D．ones 15．A．by B．toward C．with D．upon 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文讲述了青少年在面对压力时可能遇到的问题，并提供了如何应对压力的建议。 1．句意：你是否觉得你的时间不够用，因为你有太多事情要做？ be是，动词原形；is是，主语是第三人称单数；are是，主语是you或复数；were是，are的过去式。此句是一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，be用is。故选B。 2．句意：作为一个青少年，你可能会有这些问题。 Of关于；With和；As作为；For为了。根据“…a teenager, you may have these problems.”可知，是指作为一个青少年，故选C。 3．句意：但不要担心，因为每个人都会经历压力。 worried担心，动词过去式；worries动词三单；to worry动词不定式；worry动词原形。空处有助动词，动词用原形。故选D。 4．句意：虽然你无法避免压力，但你可以控制它。 However然而；But但是；And和；Although虽然。根据“…you cannot avoid stress, you can keep it under control.”可知，前后是让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从句。故选D。 5．句意：你能做些什么来应对压力？ What什么；Where哪里；Which哪一个；How如何。根据“…can you do to deal with stress?”可知，是指做些什么，用what。故选A。 6．句意：期望别人完美会增加你的压力水平。 making制作；having有；expecting期望；letting让。根据“…others to be perfect can add to your stress level too.”可知，期望别人完美会给自己施加压力，故选C。 7．句意：当你感到疲惫时，你可以停下来听一些轻柔的音乐。 when什么时候；what什么；whose谁的；which哪一个。此处是定语从句，先行词music指物，空处作主语，应用which引导定语从句，故选D。 8．句意：在一天的辛苦工作后，泡一个放松的澡是个不错的选择。 to take拿，动词不定式；taking动名词；takes动词三单；took动词过去式。空处应填动词不定式作主语。故选A。 9．句意：你也可以读一本好书，培养一个爱好，或者和你的宠物玩耍。 with和；for为了；by通过；to到。根据“...play...your pet.”可知，是指和宠物玩耍，应用介词with。故选A。 10．句意：专家们一致认为，定期锻炼有助于人们管理压力。 regular定期的；regularly定期地；more regular更定期的；the most regular最定期的。根据“Experts agree that exercising…helps people manage stress.”可知，定期锻炼有助于人们管理压力，这里用副词修饰动词，故选B。 11．句意：吃得好可以帮助你的身体获得最佳状态所需的燃料。 its它的；his他的；their他们的；her她的。根据“…eating well can help your body get the right fuel to be at…best.”可知，这里是指身体的最佳状态，应用its。故选A。 12．句意：当你感到压力时，你很容易吃不健康的食物或吃得太多。 health健康；healthily健康地；unhealthy不健康的；unhealthily不健康地。根据“food or eat too much when you stress out”可知，人压力大时，很容易吃不健康的食物或吃得太多，应用形容词unhealthy作定语。故选C。 13．句意：学会解决日常问题可以给你一种控制感。 Learn学习，动词原形；Learning动名词；Learned动词不定式；Learns动词三单。此处是作主语，应用动名词，故选B。 14．句意：感觉自己有能力解决小问题，就能建立起解决大问题的信心。 that那个；those那些；one一个；ones某一类，one的复数。根据“ Feeling able to solve little problems builds the confidence to solve bigger”可知，此处指代前面的名词复数problems，是同类不同物，是复数，所以用ones。故选D。 15．句意：它可以提高你应对压力的能力。 by通过；toward朝向；with和；upon在……上。deal with“处理”，故选C。 Do you ever wonder what happens to your old clothes after you throw them away? Most people think they go to a landfill (垃圾填埋场). But the truth is surprising. Some of them travel thousands of miles to countries far away. Every year, people in rich countries buy more clothes than they need. Fashion changes quickly, and cheap clothes make it easy to buy new ones. But what happens to the old ones? Some are given to charity shops. Some are thrown in the bin. But a large amount is packed into huge bales (大包) and sent to countries in Africa and Asia. Take Ghana, a country in West Africa, as an example. Every week, about 15 million used clothes arrive at its capital, Accra. These clothes are sold in huge markets like Kantamanto. People call them “dead white man’s clothes” because they come from Western countries. At first, this might sound like a good thing. People in Ghana can buy cheap clothes. But there is a dark side. About 40% of these clothes are of such poor quality that no one wants to buy them. They end up in open dumps, rivers, or are burned. This causes serious pollution. The chemicals in the clothes harm the soil and water. Burning them poisons the air. Some people are trying to solve this problem. Organizations are teaching people how to recycle old clothes into new products. For example, worn-out jeans can become bags. Old T-shirts can be turned into rugs. Designers are also creating new fashion from waste materials. The next time you want to throw away an old T-shirt, think about its journey. Could it be turned into something new? Could someone else use it? Every small choice we make can help reduce waste and protect our planet. 1．What happens to most old clothes from rich countries? A．They are all recycled into new products. B．They are sent to landfills in the same country. C．They are shipped to other countries for sale. D．They are all given to charity shops. 2．Why do people in Ghana call used clothes “dead white man’s clothes”? A．Because the clothes are of poor quality. B．Because they come from Western countries. C．Because the clothes are for dead people. D．Because they are sold in Kantamanto market. 3．What problem do the unwanted clothes cause in Ghana? A．They take up too much space in shops. B．They are too expensive for local people. C．They cause pollution to the environment. D．They make local clothes less popular. 4．How does the writer organize Paragraph 5? A．By telling a story. B．By comparing different opinions. C．By giving examples. D．By listing numbers. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Fashion Trends in Africa B．The Secret Journey of Your Old Clothes C．How to Recycle at Home D．The History of Second-hand Markets 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了发达国家的旧衣物大多被运往非洲、亚洲等国家销售，其中劣质衣物造成了严重的环境污染，同时介绍了旧衣物回收再利用的解决办法，呼吁人们合理处理旧衣物、保护环境。 1．第二段最后一句：“But a large amount is packed into huge bales and sent to countries in Africa and Asia. These clothes are sold in huge markets.”，大量旧衣物被打包运往非洲、亚洲国家并在市场销售。 2．第三段最后一句直接说明原因：“because they come from Western countries”，原文直接给出称呼来源是西方国家。 3．第四段第六句：“This causes serious pollution.”，没人要的衣服被丢弃或焚烧，造成严重污染。 4．第五段第三句：“For example, worn-out jeans can become bags.”，段落使用“For example”举例说明如何回收旧衣物，属于举例子的写作手法。 5．综合全文，尤其是第一段：“Do you ever wonder what happens to your old clothes after you throw them away? … Some of them travel thousands of miles to countries far away.”，全文围绕旧衣物的去向与“旅程”展开，选项B“你旧衣服的秘密之旅”最能概括全文内容，适合作为文章的标题。 三、短文填空 A.阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 As an old Chinese saying goes, “Mind in peace gives you coolness.” When temperature rises in summer, Chinese people have some traditional 1 (method) for reducing the summer heat besides keeping calm. Here are some choices which will 2 (certain) bring you cool experience. Plum juice is a traditional 3 (health) drink for summer in Beijing. It can reduce the harm from summer heat to human body. Because of the 4 (develop) of storage technology, people can have the juice all year round, yet summer 5 (be) the best time. Burning incense (熏香) made from herbs has 6 long history in China. Such incense can reduce the moisture (湿气) that may become a hotbed of illnesses in hot summer days, and protect you from being troubled by insects. Bamboo mat (席子) is a lovely must-have that can cool your summer with a 7 (nature) smell. There are many sizes for pillows, beds and chairs. The ones with pale green colours can bring visual comfort in summer heat. If you want 8 (lead) a low carbon style of living, a fan is necessary in summer. It can make you feel cool. Also in ancient China, the silk fans with beautiful embroideries (刺绣) 9 (use) by women quite often, especially unmarried young ladies. They used the fan to hide 10 (they) mouth or face when they needed to show some feminine shyness. 【答案】 1．methods 2．certainly 3．healthy 4．development 5．is 6．a 7．natural 8．to lead 9．were used 10．their 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统的消暑方法，包括饮用酸梅汤、燃烧草药熏香、使用竹席和扇子等。 1．句意：在夏季气温升高时，除了保持冷静之外，中国人还有一些传统的方法来缓解夏日的炎热。空处作宾语，method是可数名词，some后接复数形式，故填methods。 2．句意：这里有一些选择，肯定会给你带来凉爽的体验。空处修饰动词bring，需用副词形式，certain的副词形式是certainly“肯定、无疑”。故填certainly。 3．句意：酸梅汁是北京夏季传统的健康饮品。空处修饰名词drink，需用形容词形式，health的形容词形式是healthy“健康的”。故填healthy。 4．句意：由于储存技术的发展，人们可以全年享用这种果汁，但夏季则是最佳的饮用时节。空处作介词宾语，需用名词形式，develop的名词形式是development“发展”。故填development。 5．句意：由于储存技术的发展，人们可以全年享用这种果汁，但夏季则是最佳的饮用时节。空处作谓语，主语summer是单数，且描述一般事实，需用一般现在时，故be动词用is。故填is。 6．句意：在中国，用草药制成的熏香有着悠久的历史。have a long history表示“有着悠久的历史”，是固定搭配。故填a。 7．句意：竹席是一种可爱的必备品，它可以用天然的气味为你的夏季降温。空处修饰名词smell，需用形容词形式，nature的形容词形式是natural“天然的”。故填natural。 8．句意：如果你想践行低碳生活方式，扇子在夏季是必需品。want to do sth表示“想要做某事”，是固定搭配。故填to lead。 9．句意：在中国古代，带有美丽刺绣的丝绸扇子经常被女性使用，尤其是未婚的年轻女子。主语“扇子”与谓语动词“使用”之间是被动语态，且描述过去动作是一般过去时，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were，use的过去分词是used。故填were used。 10．句意：当她们需要表现出女性的羞涩时，她们会用扇子遮住嘴或脸。空处修饰名词“mouth or face”，需用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。 B.阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Vasco da Gama was born in the 1460s. He was a Portuguese explorer who was k 1 as the first man to sail from Europe to India. He m 2 to develop the relations with India and set up a trade route from Western Europe to the East by way of the Cape of Good Hope. In 1497, he started his first v 3 and arrived at a city in Southwestern India after ten months. When he was there, he tried to set up a trade relation with the leader of the city though he f 4 many times. In 1499, he returned to his own country with lots of treasure. In 1520, he sailed to India again. After he returned to his country this time and r 5 to become a Portuguese viceroy (总督). In late 1524, he died of an illness in India. 【答案】1．known/nown 2．managed/anaged 3．voyage/oyage 4．failed/ailed 5．refused/efused 【导语】本文主要讲述了葡萄牙探险家瓦斯科·达·伽马的故事。 1．句意：他是一位葡萄牙探险家，作为第一个从欧洲航行到印度的人而闻名。根据前后文“who was…as the first man to sail from Europe to India.”，可知此处表达应是“作为……而闻名”，英文表达为be known as。故填known。 2．句意：他成功发展了与印度的关系，并开辟了一条经好望角、从西欧通往东方的贸易路线。根据下文“to develop the relations with India and set up a trade route from Western Europe to the East by way of the Cape of Good Hope.”，可知此处表达的是“设法做成某事”，manage to do sth表示“设法做某事”，根据全文时态可知，动词manage应使用过去式managed。故填managed。 3．句意：1497年，他开启了自己的首次航行，十个月后抵达了印度西南部的一座城市。根据下文“and arrived at a city in Southwestern India after ten months.”和首字母提示，此处表示他开启了自己的首次航行，voyage意为“航行”。故填voyage。 4．句意：当他在那里时，尽管多次失败，他仍试图与这座城市的首领建立贸易关系。根据前后文“he tried to set up a trade relation with the leader of the city though he…many times.”，though引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管他失败了很多次”，“失败”的英文表达是fail，根据全文时态可知，动词fail应使用过去式failed。故填failed。 5．句意：这次他回到祖国后，拒绝担任葡萄牙总督。根据常识和首字母提示可知，他拒绝担任葡萄牙总督，refuse“拒绝”，动词，此处应使用一般过去时。故填refused。 四、完成句子 1.由于温室效应，地球的温度在不断上升。 ________ ________ ________ ________ the greenhouse effect, the Earth’s temperature is increasing. 【答案】 As a result of 【详解】as a result of“由于”，介词短语，句首首字母要大写。故填As；a；result；of。 2.很多野生动物都处于危险中，所以我们要马上采取措施保护他们。 Many wild animals are ________ ________, so we must ________ ________ to protect them. 【答案】 in danger take action 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“处于危险中”和“采取措施”。in danger为固定搭配，表示“处于危险中”；take action表示“采取措施”。故填in；danger；take；action。 3．当你有信心去做某事，结果就会成功！ When you do something with faith, it will _________ _________ success. 【答案】 result in 【详解】result in“结果是”，will后接动词原形，故填result；in。 4．人们太残忍了，杀了那么多野生动物。 _________ ___________ _________ ___________ to kill so many wild animals. 【答案】 It’s cruel of people 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，可用“It is+形容词+for/of sb to do sth”句型，表示“某人做某事是……的”。“It”位于句首，首字母要大写。“残忍的”用“cruel”表示，且“残忍的”描述的是人的性格品质，后用介词“of”。“人们”用“people”表示，是集合名词。故填It’s；cruel；of；people。 5．对我们青少年来说，保护视力是很重要的。 ________ ________ for us teenagers ________ ________ our eyesight. 【答案】 It’s important to protect 【详解】对某人来说做某事是……的：It’s adj. for sb. to do sth.；重要的：important；保护：protect。故填It’s；important；to；protect。 6．两年前，我们学校设立了英语角。 The English Corner ___________ ___________ ___________ by our school two years ago. 【答案】 was set up 【详解】原句中“设立”是关键词，表示“设立”的短语是set up。本句为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语The English Corner为第三人称单数，be动词用was，set的过去分词还是set。故填was；set；up。 7．她迫不及待地将这个好消息分享给了她的笔友辛迪。 She ________ ________ ________ ________ the good news with her pen pal Cindy. 【答案】 couldn’t wait to share 【详解】can’t wait to do sth“迫不及待做某事”；share“分享”，share sth with sb“与某人分享某物”；结合语境，该句为一般过去时，can’t改为“couldn’t”。故填couldn’t；wait；to；share。 8．他们所采取的每个小行动都改变着这片森林。 Every small action they took ________ ________ ________ to the forest. 【答案】 made a difference 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，make a difference表示“起作用，有影响”。“they took”是定语从句部分，句子是一般过去时，所以make用过去式。故填made；a；difference。 9．我上初中才习惯每天坚持跑步。 I __________ __________ __________ to running __________ I entered junior high school. 【答案】 didn’t get used until 【详解】直到……才：not...until；习惯于做某事：get used to doing sth；根据“I entered...”可知句子使用一般过去时，变否定句时借助助动词didn’t，后加动词原形。故填didn’t；get；used；until。 10．尽管他已经输掉了比赛，他仍没有意识到自己的错误。 _________ he had lost the game, yet he _________ ___________ __________ his mistake. 【答案】 Though was unaware of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“尽管”，though，首字母开头应大写；“意识到”be unaware of，句子时态为过去时，主语he为单数，因此be动词应使用was。故填Though；was；unaware；of。 11．用科学家给的方法，我们花了几个小时处理了很多麻烦。 It ________ us several hours ________ ________ ________ much trouble using his ways. 【答案】 took to deal with 【详解】根据中英文对应可知，需要翻译“花费”和“处理”，it takes/took sb +时间+to do sth“做某事花费某人多长时间”，本句应为一般过去时，使用took，deal with“处理”。故填took；to；deal；with。 12.该把所有的忧虑都抛在后面吧。 All the worries _______ _______ _______ _______. 【答案】 should be left behind 【详解】leave behind“把……抛在后面”，为固定短语。should“应该”，分析题干可知主语和动词之间是被动关系，此处应用含有情态动词的被动语态结构：should be done。故填should；be；left；behind。 13.表哥是个学霸，父母经常把我和他作比较。 My cousin is an excellent student, I _______ often _______ _______ him by my parents. 【答案】 am compared with 【详解】compare with“与……相比”，根据“by my parents”可知，应用被动语态结构，结合is可知，此句应用一般现在时被动语态“am/is/are done”，根据I可知，be动词用am，故填am；compared；with。 14.查克没有工作、居无定所，也没有朋友，还得忍受异国文化带来的冲击。 Chuck is jobless, homeless, friendless, and suffering from ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 abroad culture shock 【详解】由汉语和所给的英语翻译可知，“异国”译成：abroad；“文化冲击”译成：culture shock。故填abroad；culture；shock。 15．作为一种传统的庆祝新年的方式，放爆竹受到大部分中国人的欢迎。 As a traditional way to celebrate the new year, ________ ________ firecrackers is welcomed by most Chinese people. 【答案】 setting off 【详解】句意：根据句意可知，空格处为“放”，根据“firecrackers”可知，“放爆竹”set off firecrackers，分析句子成分可知，句子主语为“放爆竹”，故此处应用动名词形式setting off。故填setting；off。 16.于是，他们在闲暇时持续练习并在活动中表现优异。 Therefore, they kept practising ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ and did a good job in the activity. 【答案】 in their free/spare time 【详解】“在闲暇时”为in one’s free/spare time，主语为they，one’s用their，故填in；their；free/spare；time。 17．当我们进入别人家时，我们必须脱鞋。 We must ________ ________ our shoes when we enter people’s homes. 【答案】 take off 【详解】take off“脱下”，动词短语；情态动词must后用动词原形。故填take；off。 18．然而，在某种程度上，美国的生活让人难以习惯。 However, ________ ________ ________ ________, life in the US was hard to get used to. 【答案】 to a certain degree 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，to a certain degree“在某种程度上”，介词短语。故填to；a；certain；degree。 19.研究结果显示，人们不健康的生活方式导致了许多现代疾病。 The research shows that people’s unhealthy lifestyles ________ ________ modern diseases. 【答案】 lead to 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，空处缺少“导致”的表达，用动词短语lead to表示，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，所以动词用原形。故填lead；to。 20. 说实话，这个小女孩非常渴望拥有一只属于自己的小猫。 To be honest, the little cat ________ ________ ________ have a cat of her own. 【答案】 is dying to 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，空处缺少 “渴望” 的表达，用固定短语 be dying to do sth. 表示，句子时态是一般现在时，主语 the little girl 是单数，所以 be 动词用 is。故填 is；dying；to。 21．你奶奶知道怎么才能使用iPad读新闻吗？ Does your grandma know ________ ________ ________ ________ an iPad to read news? 【答案】 how she can use 【详解】根据句意和题干，how“如何”，后引导宾语从句，用陈述句语序；she“她”，代指奶奶；can“能”，情态动词，后加动词原形use“使用”。故填how；she；can；use。 22．这是多么有用的建议啊！谢谢你！ ________ ________ ________ this is! Thank you! 【答案】 What useful advice 【详解】该句为感叹句，适用“what +形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”结构。what位于句首，首字母应大写；useful有用的，形容词；主语谓语为“this is”，故应用advice建议，不可数名词。故填What；useful；advice。 23.我们很感兴趣以至于听得很认真。 We were ________ interested in it ________ we all listened very carefully. 【答案】 so that 【详解】对比中英文可知，此空应填so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so；that。 24．他花了差不多一个星期来修理好这个飞机模型。 ________ ________ him nearly a whole week ________ ________ this model plane. 【答案】 It took to mend/fix/repair 【详解】根据中英文句子可知空处考查it takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth.句型，意为“花费某人多少时间做某事”。结合语境可知句子是一般过去时态；mend/fix/repair动词，“修理”。故填It；took；to；mend/fix/repair。 25. 匡衡很喜欢读书，但是他太穷了买不起书籍。 ______ Kuang Heng liked reading books, he was ______ ______ ______ he couldn’t afford any. 【答案】 Although/Though so poor that 【详解】根据“Kuang Heng liked reading”和“he couldn’t afford any books”可知，两句之间存在转折关系，形成“虽然……但是……。although或though都表示“尽管”，符合题意。句中“he couldn’t afford any books”是因为“太穷”带来的结果，是结果状语从句，使用“so+形容词+that从句”。poor“穷的”。故填Although/ Though；so；poor；that。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $