Unit 3语法总结+巩固练习 2025-2026学年外研版七年级英语下册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了外研版七下Unit 3“Food matters”的核心语法系动词，涵盖概念界定、分类（be动词、感官、变化、持续系动词）、系表结构、主谓一致及重点短语句型，搭建从基础认知到应用实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类表格明晰系动词用法，如感官系动词“look/sound”搭配及主语差异，结合真实生活对话提升语言能力，易错点辨析（如系动词与行为动词区别）培养思维品质。分层设计单选、完成句子等练习，标注期末常考点，助力学生自主巩固，教师可精准教学。

26春新外研七下英语U3语法总结+巩固练习 Unit 3 Food matters - 语法总览 本单元核心语法：系动词(Linking Verb) 系动词是用来辅助主语的动词，本身有词义，但必须跟表语（名词、形容词、介词短语等）构成系表结构，用来说明主语的状况、性质和特征。 一、系动词的概念 系动词是连接主语和表语的动词，不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成系表结构。 系动词分类 常用系动词 用法说明 be动词 am, is, are, was, were 最基本的系动词 ，表示"是" 感官系动词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 表示"看起来、 听起来、 闻起来、尝起来、摸起来" 变化系动词 become, get, turn, go, grow 表示"变得 ，变成" 持续系动词 keep, stay, remain, seem 表示"保持 ，保持某种状态" ( 重要规则： 1. 系动词 没有被动语态 ，不能用于被动形 式。 2. 系动词 不能用于进行时态 （个别例外）。 3. 后接形容词作表语时， 不能用very修饰 （除了afraid, tired等）。 ) 二、感官系动词 表示感觉和知觉的系动词，用来描述事物的性质或特征。 系动词 含义 用法结构 例句 look 看起来 look + 形容词 She looks very happy today. sound 听起来 sound + 形容词 The music sounds beautiful. smell 闻起来 smell + 形容词 The flowers smell sweet. taste 尝起来 taste + 形容词 The cake tastes delicious. feel 摸起来/感觉 feel + 形容词 The silk feels soft. 系表结构的三种形式： 结构 例句 说明 系动词 + 形容词 The pizza smells delicious. 最常考的系表结构 系动词 + like + 名词 That sounds like a good idea. 表示"听起来像 … … " 系动词 + 介词/介词短语 He looks in good health. 介词短语作表语 感官系动词的注意事项： ( 1. 常用物作主语 ：smell, taste, sound的主语通常为物。 2. 人和物都可作主语 ：feel, look 的主语可以是人也可是物。 3. 变否定句和疑问句时需要助动词 ： - 肯定句：The milk smells sour.（牛奶闻起来酸了。） - 否定句：The milk doesn't smell sour.（牛奶闻起来不酸。） - 一般疑问句： Does the milk s mell sour?（牛奶闻起来酸吗 ？） 4. 易错点 ：感官动词既可用作系动词，也可用作行为动词。 例： He looks very happy, so he looks at us happily. （第一个look是系动词"看起来"，第二个look是行为动词 "看"。） ) 三、变化系动词 表示状态变化的系动词，用来说明主语从一种状态变成另一种状态。 系动词 含义 用法区别 例句 become 变得；变成 较正式 ，指暂时性或永久性的自然变化 He became angry. The baby became quiet. get 变得；变得 较口语 ，常用于表示身心变化或天气变化 I got tired. It's getting dark. turn 变得；转变 侧重于颜色的变化 ，变得与以前完全不同 The leaves turn yellow in autumn. He turned blue with cold. go 变得；变成 常指由强到弱 ， 由好到坏的状态变化 The food goes bad. He went mad. grow 变得；逐渐变化 强调变化的过程 ，表示逐渐变化 It began to grow dark. She grew more confident. ( 易错点辨析： 1. become和get ： become较正式，get较口语。两者都可以表示暂时性的身心变化或永久性的 自然变化。 例： become/get angry, m ad, strong, cold, dark 2. go ：常指由强到弱，由好到坏的变化。如：T he food goes bad.（食物变质了。） 3. turn ：后面多接表示颜色的形容词，也可接表示天气的 形容词，侧重"变得与以前完全不同"。如：The leaves turn yellow .（树叶变黄了。） 4. grow ：主要表示逐渐变化，强调变化的过程。如： It began to grow dark.（天渐渐变黑 了。） ) 四、持续系动词 表示保持某种状态的系动词。 系动词 含义 用法说明 例句 keep 保持 表示保持某种状态 Keep quiet, please. She keeps healthy. stay 保持；停留 表示保持某种状态或停留 Stay calm. The shops stay open late. remain 保持；仍然是 表示保持某种状态或仍然保持某种性质 He remained silent. The problem remains unsolved. seem 似乎；好像 表示某种感觉或印象 She seems happy. It seems like a good idea. 五、系动词的主谓一致 情况 用法规则 例句 be动词 随主语的人称和数变化 I am a student. / He is a teacher. / They are workers. 其他系动词 第三人称单数时用三单形式 ，其他人称用原形 She looks happy. They look happy. It sounds good. 过去式 用过去式形式（was/were, became, got等） She was very happy yesterday. He became a teacher. 六、重点短语积累 短语 含义 例句 look forward to 期待； 盼望 I look forward to seeing you again. sound like 听起来像 That sounds like a good plan. feel like 感觉像；想要 It feels like winter today. keep doing sth. 一直做某事 She keeps smiling. go bad 变质；变坏 The food went bad quickly. grow up 长大；成长 He wants to be a doctor when he grows up. become of ……发生了什么 What became of him? stay up 熬夜 I stayed up late last night. turn to 转向；求助于 He turned to his father for help. get up 起床 I get up at 6:00 every morning. 七、重点句型归纳 句型 例句 表达描述感受 —How does the pizza taste? —It tastes delicious. 表达观点 —What do you think of the music? —It sounds beautiful. 表达建议 —Would you like to try some bread? —Yes, please. It looks lovely. 表达状态变化 The weather is getting cold. / The leaves turned yellow. 表达保持状态 Keep calm and stay safe. / She keeps very quiet. ( 真实生活场景对话：谈论食物 Li Ming: Would you like to try so me pizza? Wang Hua: Yes, please. It looks love ly and smells nice. Li Ming: How does it taste? Wang Hua: It tastes delicious. You ar e really good at cooking. Li Ming: Thank you. What about the music? It sounds comfortable. Wang Hua: Yes, I like this music. It makes the dinner feel very pleasant. Li Ming: The silk tablecloth feels soft, doesn't it? Wang Hua: Yes, it does. Everything here looks beaut iful. ) 巩固提升练习 一 单项选择 1. The dish smells delicious, but it ______ a little salty. A. looksB. tastesC. feelsD. sounds 2. —You added sugar in my tea? It ______ terrible! A. feelsB. looksC. soundsD. tastes 3. Sometimes the smooth surface of West Lake really ______ like a mirror. A. smellsB. looksC. soundsD. tastes 4. His voice ______ strange on the phone. What happened? A. lookedB. soundedC. smeltD. tasted 5. I really enjoy the noodles and vegetables. They ______ delicious. A. stayB. feelC. tasteD. sound 6. Fresh water ______ more important than anything else. A. isB. areC. wasD. were 7. The running water makes the stones ______ very smooth. A. soundB. tasteC. smellD. feel 8. —Dinner is ready. Help yourself! —Wow! It ______ delicious. You are really good at cooking. A. looksB. soundsC. tastesD. feels 9. —Would you like to try some pizza? —Yes, please. It ______ lovely and ______ nice. A. sounds; seesB. hears; turnsC. looks; smellsD. sounds; watches 10. Let's ______ volleyball. That ______ good. A. playing, isB. play, soundsC. play, is soundD. plays, sounds 11. The meat on the plate ______ so delicious. Let's try it together. A. smellsB. soundsC. seesD. feels 12. Frank really ______ nice in this blue T-shirt. A. soundsB. sellsC. takesD. looks 13. Chongqing noodles in this small restaurant ______ so good that I really want to have a try. A. soundB. smellC. tasteD. feel 14. Your trainers ______ colorful. And they are popular among young people. A. feelB. smellC. tasteD. look 15. Mom must cook fish in the kitchen, because it ______ very nice. A. tastesB. soundsC. smellsD. looks 16. This pair of trousers ______ smooth because they are made of cotton in Xinjiang. A. feelsB. is feltC. was feltD. feel 17. These apples ______ well because they ______ nice. A. are sold; lookB. sell; are lookedC. sell; lookD. are sold; are looked 18. Five people are hurt in the accident. It ______ terrible. A. looks likeB. looks atC. soundsD. sounds like 19. This kind of peach looks really nice, but it ______ very sour. A. tastesB. looksC. feelsD. sounds 20. There are so many fish swimming in the pool. They ______ very happy. A. tasteB. smellC. soundD. look 二 完成句子 1. The pizza ______ delicious. I want to have another one. (taste) 2. The music ______ very beautiful. I enjoy listening to it. (sound) 3. The flowers ______ sweet. They are very beautiful. (smell) 4. The silk ______ soft and smooth. I like it very much. (feel) 5. The T-shirt ______ nice and ______ well. (look, sell) 6. The weather ______ cold. Put on your coat. (get) 7. The leaves ______ yellow in autumn. (turn) 8. The food ______ bad. Don't eat it. (go) 9. She ______ very happy today. (look) 10. He ______ angry when he heard the news. (become) 三 改错 1. The cake is tasting good. I want another piece. 2. He is looking very happy today. 3. The music sounds wonderfully. I like it very much. 4. Don't smell the food. It smells badly. 5. The flower is smelling sweet. Where did you get it? 四 翻译 1. 这道菜闻起来很香，但尝起来有点咸。 2. 这件丝绸衣服摸起来很软很光滑。 3. 这首音乐听起来很优美，我想再听一遍。 4. 她今天看起来很高兴，因为考试得了满分。 5. 天气渐渐变黑了，我们该回家了。 期末常考点和易错点总结 一、单词部分 ( 常考单词： 1. 感官系动词： look, sound, smell, taste , feel 2. 变化系动词： become, get , turn, go, grow 3. 持续系动词： keep, stay, remain, seem 4. 形容词：delicious, nice, good, bad , sweet, sour, soft, smooth, beautiful ) 二、语法部分 ( 易错语法点： 1. 系动词没有被动语态，不能用于进行时态。 2. 感官系动词变否定句和疑问句时需要助动词do/does/did。 3. 感官动词既可用作系动词，也可用作行为动词。 4. become/get/turn/go/grow的区别： become和get较正式/口语，turn侧重颜色变化，go多 指变坏，grow强调逐渐变化。 5. keep/stay/remain/ seem的用法： keep和stay表示保持， remain表示仍然保持，seem表示 似乎。 ) 三、题型模块 ( 常见题型： 1. 单项选择：考查感官系动词的用法、主谓一致、形容词搭配 2. 完成句子：考查系动词的正确形式、时态变化 3. 改错：考查系动词的用法错误、时态错误 4. 翻译：考查系动词的汉译英、句子结构 5. 书面表达：用系动词描述事物的性质和特征 ) 四、易错点专项讲解 易错点 正确用法 错误示例 系动词的时态 The cake tastes good. The cake is tasting good. 系动词的被动语态 The flower smells sweet. The flower is smelt sweet. 感官系动词的否定句 The milk doesn't smell sour. The milk smells not sour. 感官系动词的疑问句 Does the music sound good? Is the music sound good? 形容词和副词的区分 The music sounds good. The music sounds well. 系动词和行为动词的区分 He looks happy. He looks at us. He is looking happy. He looks at us happily. 五、重点词汇辨析 词汇对比 用法区别 例句对比 look和watch look"看起来"是系动词 ，watch"看"是行为动词 He looks happy. He watches TV. sound和listen sound"听起来"是系动词 ， listen"听"是行为动词 The music sounds good. I listen to music. feel和touch feel"摸起来/感觉"是系动词 ，touch"触摸"是行为动词 The silk feels soft. Don't touch the machine. become和get become较正式 ，get较口语 ，都表示"变得" He became angry. He got angry. turn和go turn侧重颜色变化 ，go多指由好变坏 The leaves turn yellow. The food goes bad. 六、写作指导：描述事物特征 ( 写作框架 开头： 引出话题，概述整体印象 主体： 用感官系动词从不同角度描述事物 结尾： 总结感受，表达评价 ) 写作要点 句型示例 描述外观 It looks... / It appears to be... 描述声音 It sounds... / It sounds like... 描述气味 It smells... / It has a... smell 描述味道 It tastes... / It has a... taste 描述触感 It feels... / It feels like... 描述变化 It becomes... / It gets... 描述保持状态 It keeps... / It stays... 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $