Unit 3 语法专项课件 — There be句型、方位介词、There be与have,has辨析-2025-2026学年北师大英语七年级上册

教学课件 北师大英语七年级上册 Unit3语法专项—— There be句型、方位介词、There be与have/has辨析 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 1.熟练掌握There be句型的肯定、否定、疑问形式及用法，能表达“某地有某物” 2.牢记6个核心方位介词的含义，能精准描述人或物体的位置关系 3.清晰区分There be句型与have/has的用法差异，避免混淆 4.能完成填空、选择、句型转换等多样题型，提升语法综合应用能力 5.结合语境灵活运用句型和介词，构建完整的位置描述表达 语法一：There be句型-核心定义 There be句型用于表达“某地存在某物/某人”，核心是“存在”而非“所属” 基本结构：There + be动词 + 名词 + 地点状语（表“在某地有某物”） 例：There is a park in my town.（我镇上有一个公园。） 例：There are three rooms in the house.（房子里有三个房间。） 注意：be动词的形式由后面的名词单复数决定，遵循“就近原则” There be句型-肯定形式 肯定形式核心：根据后面名词的单复数选择be动词 1.单数/不可数名词：There is + 单数名词/不可数名词 + 地点 例：There is a sofa in the living room.（客厅里有一张沙发。） 2.复数名词：There are + 复数名词 + 地点 例：There are two desks in the classroom.（教室里有两张书桌。） 就近原则：若有多个名词，be动词随最近的名词单复数变化 There be句型-否定形式 否定形式直接在be动词后加not，缩写形式更常用 1.单数/不可数名词：There is not = There isn't 例：There isn't a hospital near here.（这附近没有医院。） 2.复数名词：There are not = There aren't 例：There aren't any shops in this street.（这条街上没有商店。） 注意：否定句中some需改为any There be句型-疑问形式及回答 疑问形式需将be动词提前，回答简洁且主谓一致 1.单数/不可数名词：Is there + 单数名词/不可数名词 + 地点？ 肯定回答：Yes, there is. 否定回答：No, there isn't. 例：—Is there a sports centre? —Yes, there is./No, there isn't. 2.复数名词：Are there + 复数名词 + 地点？ 肯定回答：Yes, there are. 否定回答：No, there aren't. 例：—Are there any books on the desk? —Yes, there are./No, there aren't. There be句型-就近原则详解 就近原则：当There be后接多个并列名词时，be动词随最近的名词变化 例：There is a book and two pens on the desk.（近的是单数book，用is） 例：There are two pens and a book on the desk.（近的是复数pens，用are） 易混点：不要受后面所有名词的影响，只看“最近”的一个 例：There ________ a cat and three dogs in the yard.（填is） There be句型-易错点提醒 1.主谓不一致：There are a book on the desk.（正确：There is） 2.否定句漏改some：There isn't some water.（正确：any water） 3.疑问句语序错误：There is a park near here?（正确：Is there） 4.回答不一致：—Are there any chairs? —Yes, there is.（正确：there are） 5.混淆存在与归属：I have a bed in my room.（表存在，正确：There is） 小练习（一）-There be句型填空 用there is/there are/there isn't/there aren't填空 1.___________ a big tree in front of the house. 2.________________ any milk in the bottle. Let's buy some. 3.________________ three bedrooms and a bathroom in the flat. 4.________________ a small kitchen with a fridge. 5.________________ many students in the classroom now. There is There isn't There are There is There aren't 语法二：方位介词-核心定义与分类 方位介词用于描述人或物体之间的位置关系，使表达更精准 核心方位介词（6个）：in（在……里）、on（在……上）、under（在……下） behind（在……后）、next to（在……旁）、in front of（在……前） 例：The book is on the desk.（明确书的位置在书桌表面） 方位介词需结合实物场景理解，避免死记硬背 方位介词-用法详解（一）in/on/under in：表示在封闭空间或物体内部 例：The pens are in the schoolbag.（笔在书包内部） on：表示在物体表面，有接触 例：The clock is on the wall.（钟在墙表面） under：表示在物体垂直下方，无接触 例：The shoes are under the bed.（鞋在床正下方） 方位介词-用法详解（二）behind/next to/in front of behind：表示在物体后方，有一定距离 例：The bike is behind the door.（自行车在门后面） next to：表示在物体紧邻的旁边，无间隔 例：The sofa is next to the table.（沙发在桌子旁边） in front of：表示在物体外部前方 例：There is a garden in front of the building.（大楼前有个花园） 方位介词-易混点辨析 1.in vs on：内部用in，表面用on（in the box/on the box） 2.in front of vs behind：互为反义词，分别表示前后 3.next to vs near：next to强调“紧邻”，near强调“附近”（范围更广） 例：The shop is near my home.（商店在我家附近，不一定紧邻） 例：The shop is next to my home.（商店就在我家旁边） 小练习（二）-方位介词填空 用in/on/under/behind/next to/in front of填空 1.The bookshelf is ___________ the wall. 2.My keys are ___________ my schoolbag. I can't find them. 3.The dog is ______________ the tree. We can't see it. 4.The library is ______________ the post office. They are very close. 5.There is a big window ______________ the desk. on in behind next to in front of 语法三：There be与have/has-核心区别 特征 There be句型 have/has 核心含义 强调“存在”，表“某地有某物” 强调“归属”，表“某人/某物有某物” 句子结构 There + be + 名词 + 地点 主语 + have/has + 宾语 例句 There is a book on the desk. I have a book. 提问方式 Is/Are there...? Do/Does...have...? 核心区别：There be表“哪里有”，have/has表“谁有” There be与have/has-用法对比示例 1.表存在（用There be）：There is a computer in my room.（我房间里有一台电脑） 2.表归属（用have）：I have a computer.（我有一台电脑） 3.结合使用（既表归属又表存在）： I have a bedroom, and there is a big bed in it. （我有一间卧室，里面有一张大床） There be与have/has-易错点辨析 1.错误：I have a park near my home.（表存在，正确：There is） 2.错误：There is a new pen to me.（表归属，正确：I have） 3.错误：There has a book on the desk.（There be无has形式，正确：There is） 4.错误：She has a lot of flowers in the garden.（表存在，正确：There are） 记忆口诀：存在用There be，归属用have/has，单复数要记清 小练习（三）-There be与have/has辨析填空 1.My father ___________ a new car. He drives it to work. 2.___________ a big supermarket in our neighbourhood. 3.They ___________ three children. They are all students. 4.___________ any water in the bottle? I want to drink some. 5.We ___________ a small garden, and ___________ many flowers in it. has There is have Is there have there are 综合练习（一）-单项选择 1.___________ a bed and two chairs in the bedroom. A. There is B. There are C. Have 2.The pens are ___________ the pencil-box. A. on B. in C. under 3.—___________ any shops near here? —No, there aren't. A. Is there B. Are there C. Have you 4.My mother ___________ a beautiful dress. A. there is B. has C. there are 5.The cat is ___________ the sofa. We can see it easily. A. behind B. under C. on A B B B C 6.___________ any milk in the glass. Let's get some. A. There isn't B. There aren't C. Hasn't 7.There ___________ three books and a pen on the desk. A. is B. are C. have 8.—Where is the bank? —It's ___________ the post office. A. in front of B. in C. under 9.—___________ your brother have a new bike? —Yes, he does. A. Is there B. Are there C. Does 10.There ___________ a sports centre in my town. I often go there. A. is B. are C. isn't A B A C A 综合练习（三）-句型转换 1.There is a park in my town.（改为否定句） 2.There are two rooms in the house.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） 3.There isn't a hospital near here.（改为肯定句） 4.The books are in the bookshelf.（对划线部分提问） 5.She has a new schoolbag.（改为否定句） There isn't a park in my town. Are there two rooms in the house? Yes, there are. There is a hospital near here. Where are the books? She doesn't have a new schoolbag. 综合练习（四）-用所给词的适当形式填空 1.___________ (there be) a big tree in front of the school. 2.My sister ___________ (have) a lovely cat. It's black. 3.The keys are ___________ (on/in) the drawer. Please open it. 4.___________ (there be) any students in the classroom? 5.We ___________ (have) a new house, and ___________ (there be) a garden behind it. There is has in Are there have there is 综合练习（五）-补全对话 A: Hello, Tom! Welcome to my new home. B: Wow, it's very nice. ___________ a big living room! A: Thank you. ___________ three bedrooms in my home. B: Where is your bedroom? A: It's over there. ___________ a desk and a bed in it. B: Where are your books? A: They are ___________ the bookshelf. B: Do you ___________ a computer? A: Yes, it's ___________ the desk. There is There are There is on have on 综合练习（六）-短文填空 My name is Lily. I live in a small town. ___________ a park near my home. I often go there to play. My house is not big, but it's clean. ___________ two bedrooms, a living room and a kitchen in it. My bedroom is small. I ___________ a bed, a desk and a chair in it. The desk is ___________ the window. My books are ___________ the desk. The chair is ___________ the desk. I like my room very much. There is There are have in front of on next to 综合练习（七）-判断句子正误 1.There are a book on the desk.（ ）改正：___________ 2.The cat is in front of the chair.（ ）改正：___________ 3.She have a new schoolbag.（ ）改正：___________ 4.There isn't any water in the bottle.（ ）改正：___________ 5.The bank is next to the library.（ ）改正：___________ F There is a book on the desk. T F She has a new schoolbag. T T 语法知识总结（一）-There be句型 There be句型表“存在”，核心结构：There + be + 名词 + 地点 1.肯定形式：单数/不可数用there is，复数用there are 2.否定形式：there isn't/there aren't，some变any 3.疑问形式：Is/Are there...? 回答：Yes/No, there is/are/isn't/aren't 4.就近原则：be动词随最近的名词单复数变化 5.易错点：主谓一致、否定句some变any、回答一致 语法知识总结（二）-方位介词 6个核心方位介词用法明确，各有侧重： 1.in（内部）、on（表面）、under（下方） 2.behind（后方）、next to（紧邻）、in front of（前方） 3.易混点：in与on、next to与near的区别 4.应用技巧：结合日常场景记忆，多做实物描述练习 方位介词是描述位置的关键，需灵活运用 语法知识总结（三）-There be与have/has辨析 句型 含义 结构 There be 某地有某物（存在） There + be + 名词 + 地点 have/has 某人有某物（归属） 主语 + have/has + 宾语 易错点：不要混淆存在与归属，避免交叉使用 两者可结合使用，既表归属又表存在 核心区别：存在用There be，归属用have/has 教学课件 Unit3语法专项—— There be句型、方位介词、There be与have/has辨析 Thank you for listening! 29 $