Unit 4 A good read（词汇讲练）-2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固（译林版）

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了译林版2024八年级下学期Unit 4的词汇内容，涵盖单元词汇背默、核心词汇讲练、词汇强化训练三大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从基础词汇积累到核心用法精析再到综合应用训练的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词汇清单-核心讲练-强化训练”三级架构呈现知识体系，突出词汇用法的完整性和应用的条理性。核心词汇讲练中对“continue”的及物与不及物用法区分，搭配“continue to do/doing”的对比练习，培养学生的思维品质。词汇背默清单采用“英文-中文释义”对照形式，强化语言能力中的词汇理解与表达，巩固练习分层设计适配不同学习能力学生，既方便学生自主夯实基础，也为教师提供精准教学支持。

2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(译林版2024) Unit 4 A good read词汇讲练 目录 第一部分 单元词汇背默锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 核心词汇讲练用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 词汇强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 单元词汇清单 Unit 4 词汇背诵清单 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 read n.读物，书(或文章等) fiction n.小说 non-fiction n.非虚构作品 made-up adj.不真实的，编造的 novel n.(长篇)小说 crash vi.撞击，碰撞 be tired out累极了 stomach n.腹部；胃 fall over摔倒 continue vt.&vi.继续 either adv.也 pull vt.&vi.抽出；拉，拖 rope n.绳 break free设法逃脱，努力挣脱 army n.大批，大群；军队 straight adv.径直；笔直地 right away立即，马上 discuss vt.讨论，谈论，商量 clear adj.了解清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的 advise vt.提出建议 hand in提交，呈交，上交 review n.评论 timetable n.时间安排；时刻表 summary n.总结 give away泄露，暴露 ending n.结尾，结局 rule n.规章；规则 first of all第一，首先 librarian n.图书管理员 check out(从图书馆等)借出 publishing house n.出版社 unwilling adj.不愿意 sale n.销售量；销售，出售 copy n.一本(份，册);复制品 especially adv.尤其，特别 literature n.文学 must-read n.必读的东西 publisher n.出版人(或机构) pirate vt.盗印，窃用；n.盗版者；海盗 reader n.读者 difficulty n.困难 have difficulty (in)doing sth做某事有困难 copyright n.版权，著作权 agreement n.同意；一致；协议 market n.市场 excuse vt.原谅；n.理由，借口 excuse me劳驾，请原谅 at a time每次 within prep.在…之内 describe vt.描述 journal n.日志 title n.名称，标题；头衔，称谓 naughty adj.顽皮的，淘气的 faraway adj.遥远的 island n.岛 though conj.尽管 Unit 4 词汇默写清单 ______________n.读物，书(或文章等) ______________ n.小说 ______________n.非虚构作品 ______________adj.不真实的，编造的 ______________n.(长篇)小说 ______________vi.撞击，碰撞 ______________累极了 ______________n.腹部；胃 ______________摔倒 ______________vt.&vi.继续 ______________adv.也 ______________vt.&vi.抽出；拉，拖 ______________n.绳 ______________设法逃脱，努力挣脱 ______________n.大批，大群；军队 ______________adv.径直；笔直地 ______________立即，马上 ______________vt.讨论，谈论，商量 ______________adj.了解清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的 ______________vt.提出建议 ______________提交，呈交，上交 ______________n.评论 ______________n.时间安排；时刻表 ______________n.总结 ______________泄露，暴露 ______________n.结尾，结局 ______________n.规章；规则 ______________第一，首先 ______________n.图书管理员 ______________(从图书馆等)借出 ______________n.出版社 ______________ adj.不愿意 ______________n.销售量；销售，出售 ______________n.一本(份，册);复制品 ______________adv.尤其，特别 ______________n.文学 ______________n.必读的东西 ______________n.出版人(或机构) ______________vt.盗印，窃用；n.盗版者；海盗 ______________ n.读者 ______________n.困难 ______________做某事有困难 ______________n.版权，著作权 ______________n.同意；一致；协议 ______________n.市场 ______________vt.原谅；n.理由，借口 ______________劳驾，请原谅 ______________每次 ______________prep.在…之内 ______________vt.描述 ______________n.日志 ______________n.名称，标题；头衔，称谓 ______________adj.顽皮的，淘气的 ______________adj.遥远的 ______________n.岛 ______________conj.尽管 ◇Part 02 核心词汇讲练 1.be tired out 累极了 【搭配积累】常与系动词be（am/is/are/was/were）连用，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句；常见状语搭配：after doing sth.（做某事之后）、all day（一整天）等。 【典型用法】 After working for 12 hours in a row, I am tired out.（连续工作12小时后，我累极了。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.—You look pale. What’s wrong? —I ______ after running 5 kilometers. A. am tired out B. am tired of C. get tired D. tired out 2.My mother was ______ because she cleaned the whole house alone. A. tired from B. tired out C. tiring D. tired with 3.Which of the following phrases means “极度疲劳”？ A. be tired of B. be tired from C. be tired out D. get tired easily 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.He ______ (be) tired out after a long journey yesterday. 2.They ______ (not be) tired out at all because they had a short rest just now. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.做完所有家务后，我奶奶累极了。 After finishing all the housework, my grandma ______ ______ ______. 2.不要担心他，他只是累极了，休息一下就好。 Don’t worry about him. He is just ______ ______ ______ and will be fine after a rest. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.A 【解析】句意“你看起来脸色苍白，怎么了？——我跑了5公里后累极了。”A选项am tired out（累极了）符合语境；B选项be tired of（厌倦……）；C选项get tired（变得疲劳），程度较轻；D选项tired out为形容词短语，缺少系动词，语法错误。 2.B 【解析】句意“我妈妈一个人打扫了整个房子，累极了。”A选项tired from（因……而疲劳），后接原因；B选项tired out（累极了），符合“独自打扫整个房子”的语境；C选项tiring（令人疲劳的），修饰物；D选项tired with（搭配错误，无此用法）。 3.C 【解析】A选项be tired of（厌倦……）；B选项be tired from（因……而疲劳）；C选项be tired out（极度疲劳），符合题意；D选项get tired easily（容易疲劳）。 二、单句填空 1.was 【解析】根据时间状语yesterday（昨天），可知时态为一般过去时，主语He为第三人称单数，系动词用was。 2.aren’t 【解析】根据原因状语从句“because they had a short rest just now”（因为他们刚才休息了一会儿），可知主句为一般现在时，主语They为复数，否定形式用aren’t。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.was tired out 【解析】主语my grandma为第三人称单数，结合“做完家务后”的语境，用一般过去时，系动词用was，短语为tired out。 2.tired out 【解析】空格前为系动词is，直接接形容词短语tired out，符合“累极了”的含义。 2.fall over 摔倒 【搭配积累】可单独使用，也可接状语（如on the ground, because of...）；常见主语为人或动物；过去式：fell over，过去分词：fallen over。 【典型用法】 The little boy fell over when he was running on the grass.（那个小男孩在草地上跑步时摔倒了。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.The old man ______ because the floor was wet. A. fell down B. fell over C. fell off D. fell behind 2.Be careful! You may ______ if you walk so fast on the icy road. A. fall over B. fall in C. fall out D. fall up 3.She ______ and hurt her knee yesterday afternoon. A. falls over B. fell over C. will fall over D. has fallen over 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.Look out! The child ______ (fall) over in a minute if he doesn’t slow down. 2.He ______ (fall) over many times when he learned to ride a bike. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.那个女孩因为看手机，不小心摔倒了。 The girl ______ ______ carelessly because she was looking at her phone. 2.下雪天走路要慢一点，避免摔倒。 Walk slowly on snowy days to avoid ______ ______. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.B 【解析】句意“老人因为地板湿而摔倒了。”A选项fell down（摔倒，侧重“向下摔倒”，泛指摔倒）；B选项fell over（向前摔倒，符合语境）；C选项fell off（从……摔下来，后接宾语）；D选项fell behind（落后）。 2.A 【解析】句意“小心！在结冰的路上走这么快，你可能会摔倒。”A选项fall over（摔倒），符合语境；B选项fall in（塌陷）；C选项fall out（脱落）；D选项fall up（搭配错误）。 3.B 【解析】根据时间状语yesterday afternoon（昨天下午），时态为一般过去时，fall over的过去式为fell over，故选B。 二、单句填空 1.will fall 【解析】根据时间状语in a minute（一会儿之后），时态为一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形，故填will fall。 2.fell 【解析】根据时间状语从句“when he learned to ride a bike”（当他学骑自行车的时候），时态为一般过去时，fall的过去式为fell。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.fell over 【解析】结合“因为看手机”的语境，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，fall over的过去式为fell over。 2.falling over 【解析】avoid doing sth.（避免做某事），为固定搭配，故填falling over。 3.continue vt.&vi. 继续 【搭配积累】 1. 及物动词搭配：continue sth.（继续某事）、continue to do sth.（继续做另一件事）、continue doing sth.（继续做同一件事）； 2. 不及物动词搭配：continue with sth.（继续某事）、continue for+时间段（持续……时间）。 【典型用法】 She continued to work after having a cup of tea.（喝了一杯茶后，她继续工作。）（及物动词，接不定式） The rain continued all night.（雨下了一整夜。）（不及物动词） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.After the break, our teacher asked us to ______ our lesson. A. go on B. continue C. keep D. last 2.He ______ playing the piano for two hours yesterday evening. A. continued B. continued to C. continues D. will continue 3.The meeting will ______ for another hour, so we have to wait. A. continue B. go C. last D. keep 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.They ______ (continue) to discuss the problem after dinner yesterday. 2.The concert ______ (continue) for three hours, and everyone enjoyed it very much. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.即使遇到困难，我们也应该继续前进。 Even if we meet difficulties, we should ______ ______. 2.他休息了一会儿，然后继续写作业。 He had a short rest and then ______ ______ his homework. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.B 【解析】句意“休息后，老师让我们继续上课。”A选项go on（继续，后接with sth.或doing sth.，需搭配介词）；B选项continue（及物动词，后直接接宾语our lesson，符合语法）；C选项keep（保持，后接doing sth.）；D选项last（持续，不及物动词）。 2.A 【解析】句意“昨晚他连续弹了两个小时钢琴。”continue doing sth.（继续做同一件事），结合时间状语yesterday evening，用一般过去时，故选A；B选项continue to后接动词原形，不符合语境；C、D选项时态错误。 3.A 【解析】句意“会议将再持续一个小时，所以我们必须等。”A选项continue（持续，可接for+时间段，符合语境）；B选项go（走，不符合句意）；C选项last（持续，不及物动词，不强调“主动继续”）；D选项keep（保持，需搭配doing）。 二、单句填空 1.continued 【解析】根据时间状语yesterday（昨天），时态为一般过去时，continue的过去式为continued。 2.continued 【解析】结合后半句“everyone enjoyed it very much”，可知时态为一般过去时，故填continued。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.continue going 【解析】continue doing sth.（继续做某事），“前进”为go，故填continue going；也可填continue to go。 2.continued doing 【解析】“继续写作业”为continue doing homework，结合前半句的一般过去时，continue的过去式为continued，故填continued doing。 4. either adv. 也 【典型用法】 I don’t like coffee, and I don’t like tea either.（我不喜欢咖啡，也不喜欢茶。）（否定句末尾） Do you like swimming either?（你也喜欢游泳吗？）（疑问句末尾） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.I can’t sing, and I can’t dance ______. A. too B. also C. either D. as well 2.—I don’t want to go to the party. —I don’t want to go ______. A. too B. either C. also D. yet 3.Which of the following sentences is correct? A. He likes apples, either. B. She doesn’t like milk, either. C. Do you like oranges, too? D. I also don’t like noodles. 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.My brother doesn’t like playing football, and I don’t like it ______ (either). 2.—Can you speak French? —No, I can’t. Can you speak it ______ (either)? 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.我没有去过北京，我妹妹也没有去过。 I haven’t been to Beijing, and my sister hasn’t been there ______. 2.他不喜欢甜食，我也不喜欢。 He doesn’t like sweet food, and I don’t like it ______. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.C 【解析】句意“我不会唱歌，也不会跳舞。”句子为否定句，末尾表示“也”用either；A选项too（用于肯定句末尾）；B选项also（用于肯定句中间）；D选项as well（用于肯定句末尾，不与and连用）。 2.B 【解析】句意“——我不想去派对。——我也不想去。”前一句为否定句，后一句承接否定，末尾用either；A选项too（肯定句）；C选项also（肯定句中间）；D选项yet（还，用于否定句或疑问句，表“尚未”）。 3.B 【解析】A选项错误，肯定句末尾不能用either，应用too；B选项正确，否定句末尾用either；C选项错误，疑问句末尾表“也吗”用either，不用too；D选项错误，also不能用于否定句开头，应说I don’t like noodles either.。 二、单句填空 1.either 【解析】句子为否定句，末尾表示“也”，直接用either，无需变形。 2.either 【解析】疑问句末尾表示“也吗”，用either，无需变形。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.either 【解析】前半句为否定句，后半句承接否定，末尾用either，表“也没有”。 2.either 【解析】前半句为否定句，后半句承接否定，末尾用either，表“也不”。 5. pull vt.&vi. 抽出；拉，拖 【搭配积累】 1. 及物动词搭配：pull sth. out（抽出某物）、pull sth. up（拉起某物）、pull sth. away（拖走某物）； 2. 不及物动词搭配：pull at sth.（拉某物）、pull hard（用力拉）。 【典型用法】 She pulled a book out of her schoolbag.（她从书包里抽出一本书。）（及物动词） He pulled hard, but the door didn’t open.（他用力拉，但门没打开。）（不及物动词） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.Please ______ the door open; it’s too hot inside. A. push B. pull C. carry D. take 2.He ______ the box out of the room with great effort. A. pulled B. pushed C. took D. brought 3.She ______ at the rope, but it didn’t move at all. A. pulled B. pushed C. pulled at D. pushed at 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The worker ______ (pull) the heavy box into the warehouse just now. 2.They ______ (pull) out the weeds from the garden when I arrived. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.请把抽屉拉出来，我要找一支笔。 Please ______ ______ the drawer; I want to find a pen. 2.他用力拉绳子，终于把风筝拉了下来。 He ______ ______ the rope hard and finally pulled the kite down. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.B 【解析】句意“请把门拉开，里面太热了。”A选项push（推）；B选项pull（拉），符合语境；C选项carry（搬运）；D选项take（拿走）。 2.A 【解析】句意“他费了很大劲把箱子拉出了房间。”A选项pulled（拉，拖），符合“费力气”的语境；B选项pushed（推）；C选项took（拿走）；D选项brought（带来）。 3.C 【解析】句意“她拉了拉绳子，但绳子一动不动。”pull at sth.（拉某物，侧重“轻轻拉、反复拉”），符合语境；A选项pulled后需接宾语；B、D选项pushed（推），不符合句意。 二、单句填空 1.pulled 【解析】根据时间状语just now（刚才），时态为一般过去时，pull的过去式为pulled。 2.were pulling 【解析】根据时间状语从句“when I arrived”（当我到达的时候），主句动作正在进行，用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing，主语They为复数，故填were pulling。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.pull out 【解析】“把抽屉拉出来”为pull out the drawer，祈使句中用动词原形。 2.pulled at 【解析】“用力拉绳子”可译为pull at the rope hard，结合后半句的一般过去时，pull的过去式为pulled，故填pulled at。 6. straight adv. 径直；笔直地 【搭配积累】常修饰动词walk, go, run, look等，放在动词之后；也可用于短语go straight（直走）、look straight（直视）。 【典型用法】 Go straight along this street, and you will find the library.（沿着这条街直走，你就会找到图书馆。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.Walk ______ for five minutes, and the hospital is on your left. A. straight B. straightly C. direct D. directly 2.She looked ______ at me and told me the truth. A. straight B. straightly C. direct D. correct 3.—How can I get to the post office? —______ on, and turn right at the second crossing. A. Go straight B. Straight go C. Go direct D. Direct go 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The child ran ______ (straight) to his mother when he saw her. 2.Please look ______ (straight) ahead; don’t look around. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.从这里直走，你会看到一个公园。 ______ ______ from here, and you will see a park. 2.他径直走进教室，没有和任何人打招呼。 He walked ______ ______ the classroom without greeting anyone. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.A 【解析】句意“直走五分钟，医院就在你的左边。”walk straight（直走），straight本身可作副词，修饰动词walk；B选项straightly（副词，较少用，多表示“直接地”，侧重方式）；C选项direct（形容词，直接的）；D选项directly（副词，直接地，侧重“不绕弯”）。 2.A 【解析】句意“她直视着我，告诉了我真相。”look straight at sb.（直视某人），straight作副词，修饰look；B选项straightly不用于此搭配；C选项direct（形容词）；D选项correct（正确的，形容词）。 3.A 【解析】句意“——我怎么去邮局？——直走，在第二个十字路口右转。”go straight（直走），为固定短语，祈使句中用动词原形开头，故选A；B、C、D选项语序或用词错误。 二、单句填空 1.straight 【解析】straight作副词，修饰动词ran，无需变形，表“径直地跑”。 2.straight 【解析】straight作副词，修饰动词look，无需变形，表“笔直地看”。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.Go straight 【解析】“直走”为go straight，祈使句开头用动词原形，首字母大写。 2.straight into 【解析】“径直走进”为walk straight into，straight修饰动词walk，into表示“进入”，符合语境。 7. discuss vt. 讨论，谈论，商量 【搭配积累】discuss sth.（讨论某事）、discuss sth. with sb.（和某人讨论某事）、discuss how/what/whether to do sth.（讨论如何/做什么/是否做某事）；注意：不能说discuss about sth.（about多余）。 【典型用法】 We discussed the plan with our teacher yesterday.（昨天我们和老师讨论了这个计划。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.They will ______ the problem at the meeting tomorrow. A. discuss B. talk C. speak D. say 2.My parents often ______ my study with me after school. A. discuss about B. discuss C. talk about D. speak about 3.We are ______ where to go for our holiday now. A. discussing B. talking C. speaking D. saying 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The students ______ (discuss) the new book in the classroom now. 2.He ______ (discuss) the question with his classmates yesterday afternoon. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.我们需要和经理讨论这个项目。 We need to ______ the project ______ the manager. 2.他们正在讨论如何解决这个困难。 They are ______ ______ to solve the difficulty. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.A 【解析】句意“他们明天将在会议上讨论这个问题。”A选项discuss（及物动词，后接宾语the problem，符合语法）；B选项talk（不及物动词，需接about sth.）；C选项speak（后接语言或侧重“说”的动作）；D选项say（后接说话的内容）。 2.B 【解析】句意“我的父母经常在放学后和我讨论我的学习。”discuss sth. with sb.（和某人讨论某事），为固定搭配，discuss后不接about，故选B；A选项discuss about错误；C、D选项talk about/speak about（谈论某事），但缺少“和某人”的搭配（需加with me）。 3.A 【解析】句意“我们现在正在讨论去哪里度假。”根据now（现在），时态为现在进行时，discuss（讨论），符合语境；B选项talking后需加about；C、D选项不符合“讨论”的含义。 二、单句填空 1.are discussing 【解析】根据时间状语now（现在），时态为现在进行时，结构为am/is/are+doing，主语The students为复数，故填are discussing。 2.discussed 【解析】根据时间状语yesterday afternoon（昨天下午），时态为一般过去时，discuss的过去式为discussed。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.discuss; with 【解析】“和某人讨论某事”为discuss sth. with sb.，need to后接动词原形，故填discuss; with。 2.discussing how 【解析】“讨论如何做某事”为discuss how to do sth.，根据“正在”，时态为现在进行时，故填discussing how。 8. clear adj. 了解清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的 【搭配积累】 1.了解清楚的：be clear about sth.（清楚某事）、make it clear that...（明确表示……）； 2. 清澈的：clear water（清澈的水）、clear air（清新的空气）； 3. 晴朗的：clear sky（晴朗的天空）、clear day（晴朗的一天）。 【典型用法】 I am clear about his plan.（我清楚他的计划。）（了解清楚的） The river in my hometown is clear.（我家乡的河很清澈。）（清澈的） It’s a clear day today.（今天是晴朗的一天。）（晴朗的） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.The water in the lake is so ______ that we can see the fish clearly. A. clean B. clear C. dirty D. dark 2.—Do you understand what he said? —Yes, I am ______ about it. A. clear B. sure C. certain D. confused 3.It’s a ______ day today. Let’s go for a walk in the park. A. cloudy B. rainy C. clear D. windy 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The sky is ______ (clear) today than yesterday; we can see the sun clearly. 2.She is not ______ (clear) about what to do next, so she asks for help. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.请明确告诉我你是否会来。 Please ______ ______ ______ me whether you will come. 2.雨后，空气变得清新，天空也晴朗了。 After the rain, the air becomes fresh and the sky is ______. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.B 【解析】句意“湖里的水如此清澈，我们能清楚地看到鱼。”A选项clean（干净的，侧重“无脏物”）；B选项clear（清澈的，侧重“透明，能看见内部”），符合语境；C选项dirty（脏的）；D选项dark（黑暗的）。 2.A 【解析】句意“——你明白他说的话吗？——是的，我很清楚。”be clear about sth.（清楚某事），符合语境；B选项sure（确定的，be sure about sth.）；C选项certain（确定的，be certain about sth.）；D选项confused（困惑的，不符合句意）。 3.C 【解析】句意“今天是晴朗的一天，我们去公园散步吧。”A选项cloudy（多云的）；B选项rainy（下雨的）；C选项clear（晴朗的），符合“去散步”的语境；D选项windy（有风的）。 二、单句填空 1.clearer 【解析】根据than yesterday（比昨天），可知用比较级，clear的比较级为clearer，表“更晴朗”。 2.clear 【解析】be clear about sth.（清楚某事），此处用形容词原级，表“不清楚接下来做什么”。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.make it clear to 【解析】“明确告诉某人某事”为make it clear to s B. that...，祈使句中用动词原形，故填make it clear to。 2.clear 【解析】“晴朗的”为clear，此处用形容词原级，作表语，符合语境。 9. advise vt. 提出建议 【搭配积累】advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事）、advise sb. not to do sth.（建议某人不要做某事）、advise sth.（建议某事）、advise that...（建议……，从句用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可省略）。 【典型用法】 The doctor advised me to take more exercise.（医生建议我多锻炼。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.My teacher ______ me to read English every morning. A. advised B. suggested C. hoped D. wanted 2.She advised me ______ late at night, because it’s bad for my health. A. not to stay up B. to not stay up C. not stay up D. don’t stay up 3.The doctor advised that he ______ a good rest. A. has B. have C. had D. will have 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.He ______ (advise) his friend to give up smoking yesterday. 2.Our teacher often ______ (advise) us to study hard for our dreams. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.我建议他先完成作业。 I ______ ______ ______ finish his homework first. 2.医生建议她多喝水，少吃辛辣食物。 The doctor ______ her ______ ______ more water and eat less spicy food. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.A 【解析】句意“我的老师建议我每天早上读英语。”A选项advised（advise sb. to do sth.，符合搭配）；B选项suggested（suggest doing sth.或suggest that...，不能接sb. to do sth.）；C选项hoped（hope to do sth.，不能接sb. to do sth.）；D选项wanted（想要，不符合“建议”的含义）。 2.A 【解析】句意“她建议我不要熬夜，因为这对我的健康不好。”advise sb. not to do sth.（建议某人不要做某事），否定词not放在to前面，故选A。 3.B 【解析】句意“医生建议他好好休息。”advise that...从句用虚拟语气，should+动词原形，should可省略，故选B。 二、单句填空 1.advised 【解析】根据时间状语yesterday（昨天），时态为一般过去时，advise的过去式为advised。 2.advises 【解析】根据时间状语often（经常），时态为一般现在时，主语Our teacher为第三人称单数，故填advises。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.advised him to 【解析】“建议某人做某事”为advise sb. to do sth.，主语为I，用动词原形，故填advised him to。 2.advised; to drink 【解析】“建议某人做某事”为advise sb. to do sth.，“多喝水”为drink more water，结合语境，用一般过去时，故填advised; to drink。 10. review n. 评论 【搭配积累】a review of sth.（对某物的评论）、write a review（写评论）、read a review（读评论）、positive review（正面评论）、negative review（负面评论）。 【典型用法】 I read a good review of this book in the newspaper.（我在报纸上读到了一篇关于这本书的好评。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.She wrote a ______ of the new movie and posted it online. A. review B. story C. letter D. report 2.I always read ______ of a product before buying it. A. reviews B. books C. news D. messages 3.There are many positive ______ about this restaurant on the Internet. A. reviews B. words C. stories D. notes 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.He wrote two ______ (review) about the two new books last week. 2.I want to read a ______ (review) of this movie to know if it’s worth watching. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.他写了一篇关于这部小说的评论。 He wrote a ______ ______ this novel. 2.你可以在网上找到这部电影的很多评论。 You can find many ______ ______ this movie online. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.A 【解析】句意“她写了一篇关于这部新电影的评论，并发布到了网上。”A选项review（评论），符合语境；B选项story（故事）；C选项letter（信）；D选项report（报告）。 2.A 【解析】句意“我在买产品之前总会读它的评论。”A选项reviews（评论，复数形式，符合“读评论”的语境）；B选项books（书）；C选项news（新闻）；D选项messages（信息）。 3.A 【解析】句意“网上有很多关于这家餐厅的正面评论。”A选项reviews（评论），positive reviews（正面评论），符合语境；B选项words（话）；C选项stories（故事）；D选项notes（笔记）。 二、单句填空 1.reviews 【解析】根据数词two（两个），可知用复数形式，review的复数为reviews。 2.review 【解析】根据不定冠词a（一篇），可知用单数形式，故填review。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.review of 【解析】“一篇关于……的评论”为a review of sth.，故填review of。 2.reviews of 【解析】“很多关于……的评论”为many reviews of sth.，many后接复数名词，故填reviews of。 11. give away 泄露，暴露 【搭配积累】give away sth.（泄露/暴露某物）、give sth. away（泄露/暴露某物）；主语通常为人，宾语为秘密、信息、身份等。 【典型用法】 He accidentally gave away the secret to his friend.（他不小心把秘密泄露给了他的朋友。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.Don’t ______ the secret; it’s only between us. A. give up B. give away C. give in D. give out 2.Her smile ______ her true feelings, so we knew she was happy. A. gave away B. gave up C. gave off D. gave out 3.He promised not to ______ any information about the project. A. give away B. give back C. give up D. give off 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.She ______ (give) away the truth by accident yesterday. 2.Don’t worry; he won’t ______ (give) away our plan. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.他没有泄露任何关于这次考试的信息。 He didn’t ______ ______ any information about the exam. 2.他的眼神暴露了他在撒谎。 His eyes ______ ______ that he was lying. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.B 【解析】句意“不要泄露这个秘密，它只在我们之间。”A选项give up（放弃）；B选项give away（泄露），符合语境；C选项give in（屈服）；D选项give out（分发）。 2.A 【解析】句意“她的微笑暴露了她的真实感受，所以我们知道她很开心。”A选项gave away（暴露），符合语境；B选项gave up（放弃）；C选项gave off（发出，散发）；D选项gave out（分发，耗尽）。 3.A 【解析】句意“他承诺不泄露任何关于这个项目的信息。”A选项give away（泄露），符合语境；B选项give back（归还）；C选项give up（放弃）；D选项give off（发出）。 二、单句填空 1.gave 【解析】根据时间状语yesterday（昨天），时态为一般过去时，give的过去式为gave，give away（泄露）。 2.give 【解析】won’t后接动词原形，故填give，give away（泄露）。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.give away 【解析】“泄露”为give away，didn’t后接动词原形，故填give away。 2.gave away 【解析】“暴露”为give away，结合后半句的一般过去时，give的过去式为gave，故填gave away。 12. ending n. 结尾，结局 【搭配积累】happy ending（圆满结局）、sad ending（悲伤结局）、ending of sth.（某物的结尾）、come to an ending（走向结束） 【用法示例】 I like the movie because it has a warm ending.（我喜欢这部电影，因为它有一个温暖的结局。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. The ______ of the novel surprised all the readers. A. begin B. ending C. start D. middle 2. We all hope for a happy ______ to this long story. A. end B. ending C. finish D. complete 3. The party came to a peaceful ______ at midnight. A. ending B. begin C. start D. opening 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. What do you think of the ______ (end) of the film? It’s too moving. 2. The story has two different ______ (end), and you can choose your favorite one. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 这个故事的结局比我们想象的更好。 The ______ ______ the story is better than we thought. 2. 这部电视剧的结尾让很多人哭了。 The ______ ______ the TV play made many people cry. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. B 【解析】句意“这部小说的结局让所有读者都很惊讶”。A（开始，动词）、C（开始，名词）、D（中间）均不符合句意；B（结尾，结局，名词）符合语境。 2. B 【解析】句意“我们都希望这个漫长的故事有一个圆满的结局”。happy后接名词，A（结束，名词，侧重“终止”）、C（结束，动词/名词，侧重“完成”）、D（完整的，形容词）均不合适；B（结局，侧重“故事、事件的收尾部分”）符合搭配。 3. A 【解析】句意“派对在午夜和平地结束了”。come to an ending为固定搭配，意为“走向结束”；B、C、D均为“开始”相关含义，不符合句意。 二、单句填空 1. ending 【解析】此处需填名词，作介词of的宾语，end的名词形式为ending，意为“结局”。 2. endings 【解析】根据two different可知，此处需填名词复数，ending的复数形式为endings，意为“结局”。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. ending of 【解析】“结局”译为ending，“……的”用介词of连接，故填ending of。 2. ending of 【解析】“电视剧的结局”译为the ending of the TV play，符合语境，故填ending of。 13. rule n. 规章；规则 【搭配积累】school rules（校规）、follow the rules（遵守规则）、break the rules（违反规则）、the rule of sth.（某物的规则/规律） 【用法示例】 Everyone must follow the rules in the library.（每个人在图书馆都必须遵守规则。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. We have to obey the ______ of the school, or we will be punished. A. rules B. rule C. law D. laws 2. What’s the first ______ in your family? A. rule B. rules C. law D. habit 3. If you ______ the rules, you will be asked to leave. A. follow B. break C. keep D. make 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. There are many strict ______ (rule) in our company. 2. You should remember to follow the traffic ______ (rule) when you go out. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我们必须遵守交通规则。 We must ______ ______ ______. 2. 这个游戏有三条简单的规则。 This game has three simple ______. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. A 【解析】句意“我们必须遵守校规，否则会受到惩罚”。school rules为固定搭配，意为“校规”，用复数形式；B（单数，规则）、C（法律，单数）、D（法律，复数）均不符合语境。 2. A 【解析】句意“你家的第一条规矩是什么？”。根据the first可知，此处用名词单数；B（复数）、C（法律）、D（习惯）均不符合句意，故选A。 3. B 【解析】句意“如果你违反规则，就会被要求离开”。A（遵守）、C（保持）、D（制定）均不符合句意；B（违反），break the rules为固定搭配，符合语境。 二、单句填空 1. rules 【解析】根据many可知，此处需填名词复数，rule的复数形式为rules。 2. rules 【解析】traffic rules为固定搭配，意为“交通规则”，常用复数形式，故填rules。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. follow the rules 【解析】“遵守规则”译为follow the rules，must后接动词原形，故填follow the rules。 2. rules 【解析】“规则”译为rule，根据three可知，此处用复数形式rules。 14. unwilling adj. 不愿意 【搭配积累】be unwilling to do sth.（不愿意做某事）、be unwilling to help（不愿意帮忙）、unwilling to accept（不愿意接受） 【用法示例】 She is unwilling to talk about her past.（她不愿意谈论自己的过去。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. He is ______ to help others because he is too busy. A. willing B. unwilling C. happy D. glad 2. My little sister is ______ to go to bed early. She wants to watch cartoons. A. willing B. ready C. unwilling D. excited 3. She was ______ to accept the gift from her old friend. A. willing B. unwilling C. pleased D. happy 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. He is ______ (willing) to join us in the activity because he has other plans. 2. My parents are ______ (willing) to let me go out alone at night. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 他不愿意承认自己的错误。 He is ______ ______ ______ his mistake. 2. 我的弟弟不愿意吃蔬菜。 My brother is ______ ______ ______ vegetables. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. B 【解析】句意“他因为太忙，不愿意帮助别人”。A（愿意的）、C（开心的）、D（高兴的）均不符合句意；B（不愿意的），be unwilling to do sth.符合语境。 2. C 【解析】句意“我的小妹妹不愿意早睡，她想看动画片”。A（愿意的）、B（准备好的）、D（兴奋的）均不符合句意；C（不愿意的）符合语境。 3. B 【解析】句意“她不愿意接受老朋友的礼物”。A（愿意的）、C（高兴的）、D（开心的）均不符合句意；B（不愿意的）符合语境。 二、单句填空 1. unwilling 【解析】根据“he has other plans”可知，他不愿意加入，willing的反义词为unwilling，意为“不愿意的”。 2. unwilling 【解析】句意“我的父母不愿意让我晚上独自出去”，结合语境，此处填unwilling（不愿意的）。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. unwilling to admit 【解析】“不愿意做某事”译为be unwilling to do sth.，“承认”译为admit，故填unwilling to admit。 2. unwilling to eat 【解析】“不愿意吃”译为be unwilling to eat，故填unwilling to eat。 15. sale n. 销售量；销售，出售 【搭配积累】sales volume（销售量）、for sale（待售）、on sale（促销，打折）、the sale of sth.（某物的销售/出售） 【用法示例】 The sale of this book has reached 10,000 copies.（这本书的销售量已经达到了10000册。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. The ______ of this new product is very high this month. A. sale B. sales C. sell D. selling 2. Many clothes in this shop are ______ sale today. You can buy them at a low price. A. in B. on C. for D. at 3. The ______ of the house will be held next week. A. sale B. sell C. selling D. buys 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. The ______ (sell) of the mobile phone has increased a lot this year. 2. There are many books for ______ (sell) in the bookstore. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 这款手机的销售量逐月增长。 The ______ ______ this mobile phone is increasing month by month. 2. 这家商店的所有商品都在打折出售。 All goods in this shop are ______ ______. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. B 【解析】句意“这款新产品这个月的销售量很高”。“销售量”常用sales（复数形式）；A（销售，单数，侧重行为）、C（出售，动词）、D（销售，动名词）均不符合语境。 2. B 【解析】句意“这家商店的很多衣服今天打折，你可以低价购买”。on sale为固定搭配，意为“促销、打折”，其他介词均不与sale搭配。 3. A 【解析】句意“这栋房子的出售将在下周进行”。此处需填名词，A（出售，名词）符合语境；B（出售，动词）、C（销售，动名词）、D（购买，复数）均不合适。 二、单句填空 1. sale 【解析】此处需填名词，作句子主语，sell的名词形式为sale，意为“销售量、销售”。 2. sale 【解析】for sale为固定搭配，意为“待售”，故填sale。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. sales of 【解析】“销售量”译为sales，“……的”用介词of连接，故填sales of。 2. on sale 【解析】“打折出售”译为on sale，为固定搭配，故填on sale。 16. especially adv. 尤其，特别 【搭配积累】especially for sb.（尤其对某人而言）、especially when/if（尤其当……时/如果……）、especially important（尤其重要） 【用法示例】 I like all fruits, especially apples.（我喜欢所有的水果，尤其是苹果。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. I love reading, ______ storybooks. A. especially B. special C. especial D. specially 2. This question is ______ difficult for me. I can’t answer it. A. special B. especially C. especial D. specially 3. She likes all kinds of music, ______ when she is sad. A. especially B. special C. specially D. especial 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. This film is ______ (especial) popular among teenagers. 2. I like this dress, ______ (especial) its color. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我尤其喜欢这家餐厅的面条。 I ______ ______ the noodles in this restaurant. 2. 这个问题对我们来说尤其重要。 This question is ______ ______ for us. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. A 【解析】句意“我喜欢阅读，尤其是故事书”。此处需填副词，修饰整个句子；A（尤其，副词）符合语境；B（特别的，形容词）、C（特别的，形容词）、D（专门地，副词，侧重“特意”）均不合适。 2. B 【解析】句意“这个问题对我来说尤其难，我答不上来”。此处需填副词，修饰形容词difficult；A、C为形容词，D侧重“专门地”，均不符合；B（尤其，副词）符合语境。 3. A 【解析】句意“她喜欢各种音乐，尤其是在她难过的时候”。此处需填副词，强调“在难过时”这一情况；A（尤其，副词）符合语境，其他选项均为形容词或不符含义。 二、单句填空 1. especially 【解析】此处需填副词，修饰形容词popular，especial的副词形式为especially。 2. especially 【解析】此处需填副词，强调“尤其喜欢颜色”，故填especially。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. especially like 【解析】“尤其喜欢”译为especially like，主语为I，谓语动词用原形，故填especially like。 2. especially important 【解析】“尤其重要”译为especially important，此处用形容词important作表语，副词especially修饰形容词，故填especially important。 17. difficulty n. 困难 【搭配积累】have difficulty (in) doing sth.（做某事有困难）、overcome difficulty（克服困难）、face difficulty（面对困难）、solve a difficulty（解决困难） 【用法示例】 He has difficulty in learning English grammar.（他在学习英语语法方面有困难。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. She had no ______ in finishing the work on time. A. difficulty B. difficulties C. difficult D. hard 2. We should help those who are in ______. A. difficulty B. difficulties C. difficult D. hard 3. He has much ______ in speaking English. He needs more practice. A. difficulty B. difficulties C. easy D. easily 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. Do you have any ______ (difficult) in solving this problem? 2. She overcame many ______ (difficult) to realize her dream. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我在记住单词方面有困难。 I have ______ ______ ______ words. 2. 他们成功克服了所有的困难。 They successfully overcame all the ______. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. A 【解析】句意“她按时完成工作没有困难”。have no difficulty in doing sth.为固定搭配，difficulty此处为不可数名词，用单数；B（复数，具体困难）、C（困难的，形容词）、D（困难的，形容词）均不符合。 2. A 【解析】句意“我们应该帮助那些处于困境中的人”。in difficulty为固定搭配，意为“处于困境中”，difficulty此处为不可数名词；B（复数）、C、D（形容词）均不符合。 3. A 【解析】句意“他说英语有很多困难，他需要更多练习”。much后接不可数名词，difficulty为不可数名词；B（复数）、C（容易的，形容词）、D（容易地，副词）均不符合。 二、单句填空 1. difficulty 【解析】any后接不可数名词或可数名词复数，此处difficulty为不可数名词，意为“困难”，故填difficulty。 2. difficulties 【解析】many后接可数名词复数，difficult的名词形式为difficulty，复数为difficulties，此处指“很多具体的困难”。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. difficulty in remembering 【解析】“做某事有困难”译为have difficulty in doing sth.，“记住”译为remember，故填difficulty in remembering。 2. difficulties 【解析】“困难”译为difficulty，根据all可知，此处用复数形式difficulties，指“所有具体的困难”。 18. agreement n. 同意；一致；协议 【搭配积累】reach an agreement（达成协议）、in agreement with（同意……；与……一致）、sign an agreement（签署协议）、by agreement（根据协议） 【用法示例】 We finally reached an agreement on the plan.（我们最终就这个计划达成了协议。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. They had a long talk and finally reached an ______. A. agreement B. agree C. disagree D. disagreement 2. I am in ______ with you that we should work hard. A. agree B. agreement C. disagree D. disagreement 3. They signed an ______ to cooperate with each other. A. agree B. agreement C. disagree D. promise 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. We have reached an ______ (agree) about the time of the meeting. 2. She is in ______ (agree) with her parents on this matter. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我们就这个问题达成了一致。 We reached ______ ______ on this problem. 2. 我同意你的观点。 I am ______ ______ ______ your opinion. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. A 【解析】句意“他们谈了很久，最终达成了协议”。reach an agreement为固定搭配，意为“达成协议”；A（协议，名词）符合语境；B（同意，动词）、C（不同意，动词）、D（分歧，名词）均不符合。 2. B 【解析】句意“我同意你的看法，我们应该努力工作”。in agreement with为固定搭配，意为“同意……”；A（动词）、C（动词）、D（分歧，名词）均不符合。 3. B 【解析】句意“他们签署了一份合作协议”。an后接名词，A（动词）、C（动词）、D（承诺，名词，含义不符）均不符合；B（协议，名词）符合语境。 二、单句填空 1. agreement 【解析】此处需填名词，作reached的宾语，agree的名词形式为agreement，an后接单数形式。 2. agreement 【解析】in agreement with为固定搭配，意为“同意……”，故填agreement。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. an agreement 【解析】“达成一致/协议”译为reach an agreement，故填an agreement。 2. in agreement with 【解析】“同意某人的观点”译为be in agreement with sb.’s opinion，故填in agreement with。 19. excuse vt. 原谅；n. 理由，借口 【搭配积累】excuse sb. for sth.（因某事原谅某人）、excuse sb. for doing sth.（原谅某人做了某事）、make an excuse（找借口）、without excuse（毫无借口） 【用法示例】 Please excuse me for being late.（请原谅我来晚了。）（动词） He made an excuse for his absence.（他为自己的缺席找了个借口。）（名词） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. Please ______ me for my mistake. I will correct it soon. A. excuse B. sorry C. forgive D. pardon 2. He always makes an ______ for being late to class. A. excuse B. reason C. cause D. problem 3. She asked to be ______ for her rudeness. A. excused B. sorry C. sad D. happy 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. Please ______ (excuse) my carelessness. I didn’t mean to hurt you. 2. He made an ______ (excuse) to leave the meeting early. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 请原谅我忘记了你的生日。 Please ______ ______ ______ forgetting your birthday. 2. 他没有为自己的错误找任何借口。 He didn’t make any ______ ______ his mistake. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. A 【解析】句意“请原谅我的错误，我很快会改正”。excuse s B. for sth.为固定搭配，意为“因某事原谅某人”；A（原谅，动词）符合语境；B（抱歉的，形容词，不能作谓语）、C（原谅，动词，不与for搭配）、D（原谅，动词，侧重“赦免”）均不合适。 2. A 【解析】句意“他上课迟到总是找借口”。make an excuse为固定搭配，意为“找借口”；A（借口，名词）符合语境；B（理由，侧重“原因”）、C（原因，侧重“客观因素”）、D（问题）均不符合。 3. A 【解析】句意“她请求原谅自己的无礼”。be excused for sth.为固定搭配，意为“因某事被原谅”，此处为被动语态；B、C、D均为形容词，不符合语法。 二、单句填空 1. excuse 【解析】此处为祈使句，用动词原形，故填excuse。 2. excuse 【解析】an后接名词单数，excuse作名词时，意为“借口”，故填excuse。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. excuse me for 【解析】“原谅某人做了某事”译为excuse s B. for doing sth.，此处为祈使句，用动词原形，故填excuse me for。 2. excuse for 【解析】“为某事找借口”译为make an excuse for sth.，any后接可数名词单数或复数，此处用excuse（单数）即可，故填excuse for。 20. within prep. 在…之内 【搭配积累】within 时间（在……时间内）、within reach（在可及范围之内）、within the city（在城市之内）、within limits（在限度之内） 【用法示例】 We must finish the work within three days.（我们必须在三天之内完成这项工作。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. The post office is ______ 10 minutes’ walk from here. A. within B. in C. on D. at 2. We should finish the task ______ the time given. A. within B. in C. on D. for 3. The book you are looking for is ______ your reach. Just take it. A. within B. out of C. beyond D. above 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. Please return the book ______ (within) a week. 2. The park is ______ (within) the city center, so it’s easy to get there. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我们必须在一小时之内到达车站。 We must arrive at the station ______ ______ ______. 2. 这家商店在步行五分钟之内。 This shop is ______ ______ ______ walk. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. A 【解析】句意“邮局距离这里步行不到10分钟”。within+时间/距离，意为“在……之内”，符合语境；B（在……里面，侧重空间）、C（在……上面）、D（在……地点）均不符合。 2. A 【解析】句意“我们应该在给定的时间内完成任务”。within the time given意为“在给定的时间之内”，强调“不超出时间范围”；B（在……之后，用于将来时）、C（在……上面）、D（为了）均不符合。 3. A 【解析】句意“你找的书就在你伸手可及的地方，拿吧”。within reach为固定搭配，意为“在可及范围之内”；B、C、D均表示“超出范围”，不符合句意。 二、单句填空 1. within 【解析】within a week为固定搭配，意为“在一周之内”，故填within。 2. within 【解析】句意“公园在市中心之内，所以很容易到达”，此处填within，意为“在……之内”。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. within one hour 【解析】“在一小时之内”译为within one hour，故填within one hour。 2. within five minutes’ 【解析】“在步行五分钟之内”译为within five minutes’ walk，故填within five minutes’。 21. describe vt. 描述 【搭配积累】describe sth. to sb.（向某人描述某物）、describe sth. as（把某物描述为……）、describe a scene（描述一个场景） 【用法示例】 Can you describe your new friend to me?（你能向我描述一下你的新朋友吗？） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. Can you ______ what the thief looks like? A. describe B. tell C. say D. speak 2. She ______ the movie as very exciting. A. describes B. tells C. says D. speaks 3. He ______ his trip to us in detail. A. described B. told C. said D. spoke 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. Please ______ (describe) your feeling after reading the book. 2. He ______ (describe) the beautiful scenery to his parents yesterday. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 你能向我描述一下那个公园吗？ Can you ______ the park ______ me? 2. 他把那个地方描述成一个美丽的天堂。 He ______ the place ______ a beautiful paradise. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. A 【解析】句意“你能描述一下小偷长什么样吗？”。describe意为“描述”，侧重“用语言描绘特征”；A符合语境；B（告诉，侧重“传递信息”）、C（说，侧重“说的内容”）、D（说，侧重“语言或发言”）均不符合。 2. A 【解析】句意“她把这部电影描述为非常令人兴奋”。describe sth. as为固定搭配，意为“把某物描述为……”；A符合语境，其他选项均无此搭配。 3. A 【解析】句意“他向我们详细描述了他的旅行”。describe sth. to sb.意为“向某人描述某物”，符合语境；B（告诉，tell sb. sth.）、C（说，say sth.）、D（说，speak+语言）均不符合。 二、单句填空 1. describe 【解析】此处为祈使句，用动词原形，故填describe。 2. described 【解析】根据yesterday可知，句子为一般过去时，describe的过去式为described。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. describe; to 【解析】“向某人描述某物”译为describe sth. to sb.，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填describe; to。 2. described; as 【解析】“把某物描述为……”译为describe sth. as sth.，结合语境，句子为一般过去时，故填described; as。 22. though conj. 尽管 【搭配积累】though+句子（尽管……）、though it is/was...（尽管……）、even though（即使，尽管，语气更强） 【用法示例】 Though he is young, he knows a lot.（尽管他很年轻，但他知道很多。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. ______ he is tired, he still keeps working. A. Though B. Because C. So D. But 2. She went to school ______ she was ill. A. though B. because C. so D. and 3. ______ it rained heavily, we still went out. A. Though B. Because C. So D. If 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. ______ (though) he is poor, he is very happy. 2. She kept smiling ______ (though) she was sad. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 尽管天气很冷，他还是去了公园。 ______ ______ ______ cold, he still went to the park. 2. 尽管她很年轻，但她很勇敢。 ______ ______ ______, she is very brave. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. A 【解析】句意“尽管他很累，但他仍然继续工作”。此处为让步关系，though（尽管）引导让步状语从句；A符合语境；B（因为，表原因）、C（所以，表结果）、D（但是，表转折，不能置于句首）均不符合。 2. A 【解析】句意“尽管她生病了，但她还是去上学了”。此处为让步关系，though（尽管）符合语境；B（因为）、C（所以）、D（和，表并列）均不符合。 3. A 【解析】句意“尽管雨下得很大，我们还是出去了”。此处为让步关系，though（尽管）符合语境；B（因为）、C（所以）、D（如果，表条件）均不符合。 二、单句填空 1. Though 【解析】此处引导让步状语从句，though置于句首，首字母大写，故填Though。 2. though 【解析】此处引导让步状语从句，though置于句中，表转折，故填though。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. Though the weather was 【解析】“尽管天气很冷”译为Though the weather was cold，though引导让步状语从句，结合后半句的went可知，用一般过去时，故填Though the weather was。 2. Though she is young 【解析】“尽管她很年轻”译为Though she is young，though引导让步状语从句，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，故填Though she is young。 ◇Part 03 词汇强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 单项选择 1. My sister likes reading ______ better than non-fiction in her free time. A. fiction B. review C. summary D. journal 2. The old man ______ after he stepped on the wet floor in the supermarket. A. broke free B. fell over C. pulled out D. gave away 3. We are ______ after walking for five hours in the mountain without a rest. A. tired out B. unwilling C. faraway D. clear 4. Tom has a pain in his ______ because he ate too much cold food this morning. A. rope B. stomach C. army D. market 5. You can borrow only one book from the library ______. A. at a time B. right away C. first of all D. in time 6. Please ______ your homework to the teacher before class is over. A. check out B. hand in C. give away D. break free 7. The two cars ______ on the street because the driver didn’t follow the traffic rules. A. crashed B. continued C. described D. excused 8. I don’t like this book, and I don’t like that one ______. A. too B. also C. either D. as well 9. She tried to ______ the box from the corner, but it was too heavy. A. pull B. fall C. discuss D. agree 10. We need a strong ______ to tie the heavy box to the bike. A. arm B. rope C. copy D. title 11. The little bird ______ from the cage and flew away into the sky. A. broke free B. fell over C. tired out D. checked out 12. A big ______ of people came to the park to watch the fireworks show. A. stomach B. librarian C. army D. publisher 13. Go ______ along this road, and you will find the hospital on your left. A. straight B. faraway C. clear D. naughty 14. You must call the police ______ when you see a crime happening. A. at a time B. right away C. first of all D. within 15. Let’s ______ the plan for the school trip after class, shall we? A. discuss B. advise C. review D. summarize 16. The water in the lake is so ______ that we can see the fish swimming inside. A. made-up B. unwilling C. clear D. faraway 17. My teacher ______ me to read more must-read books in my free time. A. advised B. excused C. described D. pirated 18. I wrote a ______ about the new novel I read last week for my English class. A. timetable B. review C. sale D. difficulty 19. Please make a ______ for your study, so you can manage your time well. A. timetable B. summary C. ending D. copyright 20. Can you write a short ______ of this English passage for us? A. review B. summary C. journal D. title 21. Don’t ______ the secret to anyone, or our plan will fail. A. give away B. hand in C. check out D. break free 22. I don’t like the ______ of this movie because it is too sad. A. beginning B. ending C. rule D. market 23. We must follow the ______ of the school when we are at school. A. rules B. sales C. copies D. readers 24. ______, you need to finish your homework, and then you can watch TV. A. At a time B. Right away C. First of all D. In the end 25. The ______ in the city library is very kind and always helps us find books. A. librarian B. publisher C. pirate D. reader 26. You can ______ three books at a time if you have a library card. A. check out B. hand in C. give away D. break free 27. This book is published by a famous ______ in Beijing. A. publishing house B. market C. literature D. agreement 28. He is ______ to go to the park with us because he has a lot of homework to do. A. tired out B. unwilling C. clear D. faraway 29. The ______ of this new book is very good; it sold out in three days. A. sale B. sales C. copy D. literature 30. I have only one ______ of this storybook, so I can’t lend it to you. A. copy B. review C. summary D. journal 31. I like all the subjects at school, ______ English. A. especially B. either C. also D. too 32. She is very interested in ______ and has read many famous novels. A. fiction B. literature C. non-fiction D. journal 33. This book is a ______ for all the students in Grade Eight. A. must-read B. review C. summary D. title 34. The ______ decided to print more copies of the popular novel. A. librarian B. publisher C. pirate D. reader 35. It’s against the law to ______ other people’s books without permission. A. pirate B. advise C. describe D. excuse 36. This magazine has millions of ______ all over the country. A. writers B. readers C. publishers D. librarians 37. We have some ______ in learning English grammar, but we will try our best. A. difficulties B. agreements C. copyrights D. sales 38. He has ______ (in) remembering English words, so he often writes them down. A. difficulty B. difficulty C. difficulties D. difficult 39. You should respect the ______ of the writers and not copy their works freely. A. rule B. copyright C. market D. agreement 40. We reached an ______ with our classmates about the group project yesterday. A. excuse B. market C. agreement D. title 【答案】 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.B 21.A 22.B 23.A 24.C 25.A 26.A 27.A 28.B 29.B 30.A 31.A 32.B 33.A 34.B 35.A 36.B 37.A 38.A 39.B 40.C 【解析】 1. 句意：我妹妹空闲时比起非虚构作品更喜欢读小说。fiction（小说）与non-fiction（非虚构作品）对应，故选A。 2. 句意：这位老人在超市踩到湿地板后摔倒了。fall over（摔倒）符合语境，故选B。 3. 句意：在山里没休息走了五个小时后，我们累极了。be tired out（累极了）是固定短语，故选A。 4. 句意：汤姆胃疼，因为他今早吃了太多冷食。stomach（腹部；胃），have a pain in one’s stomach为固定表达，故选B。 5. 句意：你每次只能从图书馆借一本书。at a time（每次）符合句意，故选A。 6. 句意：请在下课前把作业交给老师。hand in（提交，上交）符合语境，故选B。 7. 句意：因为司机没遵守交通规则，两辆汽车在街上相撞了。crash（撞击，碰撞）符合句意，故选A。 8. 句意：我不喜欢这本书，也不喜欢那本。either（也）用于否定句末尾，故选C。 9. 句意：她试图把箱子从角落拉出来，但它太重了。pull（拉，拖）符合语境，故选A。 10. 句意：我们需要一根结实的绳子把重箱子绑在自行车上。rope（绳）符合句意，故选B。 11. 句意：小鸟从笼子里挣脱出来，飞向了天空。break free（设法逃脱，努力挣脱）符合语境，故选A。 12. 句意：一大群人来到公园看烟花表演。a big army of（一大群）是固定搭配，故选C。 13. 句意：沿着这条路一直走，你会在左边看到医院。go straight（径直走）是固定表达，故选A。 14. 句意：当你看到犯罪发生时，必须立即报警。right away（立即，马上）符合句意，故选B。 15. 句意：课后我们讨论一下学校旅行的计划，好吗？discuss（讨论，谈论）符合语境，故选A。 16. 句意：湖里的水如此清澈，我们能看到里面的鱼在游。clear（清澈的）符合句意，故选C。 17. 句意：我的老师建议我空闲时多读读必读书籍。advise（提出建议），advise sb to do sth（建议某人做某事）为固定用法，故选A。 18. 句意：我为英语课写了一篇关于上周读的新小说的评论。review（评论）符合语境，故选B。 19. 句意：请为你的学习制定一个时间表，这样你就能好好管理时间。timetable（时间安排；时刻表）符合句意，故选A。 20. 句意：你能为我们写一下这篇英语短文的简短总结吗？summary（总结）符合语境，故选B。 21. 句意：不要把秘密泄露给任何人，否则我们的计划会失败。give away（泄露，暴露）符合句意，故选A。 22. 句意：我不喜欢这部电影的结局，因为它太悲伤了。ending（结尾，结局）符合语境，故选B。 23. 句意：我们在学校时必须遵守校规。rule（规章；规则），school rules（校规）为固定搭配，故选A。 24. 句意：首先，你需要完成作业，然后才能看电视。first of all（第一，首先）符合句意，故选C。 25. 句意：市图书馆的图书管理员非常友善，总是帮我们找书。librarian（图书管理员）符合语境，故选A。 26. 句意：如果你有借书证，一次可以借出三本书。check out（从图书馆等）借出符合句意，故选A。 27. 句意：这本书由北京一家著名的出版社出版。publishing house（出版社）符合语境，故选A。 28. 句意：他不愿意和我们去公园，因为他有很多作业要做。unwilling（不愿意）符合句意，故选B。 29. 句意：这本新书的销量非常好，三天就卖光了。sales（销售量），the sales of...（……的销量）为固定表达，故选B。 30. 句意：这本故事书我只有一本，所以不能借给你。copy（一本，份，册）符合语境，故选A。 31. 句意：我喜欢学校里所有的科目，尤其是英语。especially（尤其，特别）符合句意，故选A。 32. 句意：她对文学非常感兴趣，读了很多著名的小说。literature（文学）符合语境，故选B。 33. 句意：这本书是所有八年级学生的必读书籍。must-read（必读的东西）符合句意，故选A。 34. 句意：出版人决定多印一些这本热门小说。publisher（出版人或机构）符合语境，故选B。 35. 句意：未经允许盗印他人的书是违法的。pirate（盗印，窃用）符合句意，故选A。 36. 句意：这本杂志在全国有上百万的读者。reader（读者）符合语境，故选B。 37. 句意：我们学习英语语法有一些困难，但我们会尽全力。difficulty（困难），some后接可数名词复数，difficulties为其复数形式，故选A。 38. 句意：他记英语单词有困难，所以经常把它们写下来。have difficulty (in) doing sth（做某事有困难）为固定短语，difficulty为不可数名词，故选A。 39. 句意：你应该尊重作者的版权，不要随意抄袭他们的作品。copyright（版权，著作权）符合语境，故选B。 40. 句意：昨天我们和同学们就小组项目达成了一致。reach an agreement（达成一致）为固定短语，故选C。 $2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(译林版2024) Unit 4 A good read词汇讲练 目录 第一部分 单元词汇背默锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 核心词汇讲练用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 词汇强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 单元词汇清单 Unit 4 词汇背诵清单 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 read n.读物，书(或文章等) fiction n.小说 non-fiction n.非虚构作品 made-up adj.不真实的，编造的 novel n.(长篇)小说 crash vi.撞击，碰撞 be tired out累极了 stomach n.腹部；胃 fall over摔倒 continue vt.&vi.继续 either adv.也 pull vt.&vi.抽出；拉，拖 rope n.绳 break free设法逃脱，努力挣脱 army n.大批，大群；军队 straight adv.径直；笔直地 right away立即，马上 discuss vt.讨论，谈论，商量 clear adj.了解清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的 advise vt.提出建议 hand in提交，呈交，上交 review n.评论 timetable n.时间安排；时刻表 summary n.总结 give away泄露，暴露 ending n.结尾，结局 rule n.规章；规则 first of all第一，首先 librarian n.图书管理员 check out(从图书馆等)借出 publishing house n.出版社 unwilling adj.不愿意 sale n.销售量；销售，出售 copy n.一本(份，册);复制品 especially adv.尤其，特别 literature n.文学 must-read n.必读的东西 publisher n.出版人(或机构) pirate vt.盗印，窃用；n.盗版者；海盗 reader n.读者 difficulty n.困难 have difficulty (in)doing sth做某事有困难 copyright n.版权，著作权 agreement n.同意；一致；协议 market n.市场 excuse vt.原谅；n.理由，借口 excuse me劳驾，请原谅 at a time每次 within prep.在…之内 describe vt.描述 journal n.日志 title n.名称，标题；头衔，称谓 naughty adj.顽皮的，淘气的 faraway adj.遥远的 island n.岛 though conj.尽管 Unit 4 词汇默写清单 ______________n.读物，书(或文章等) ______________ n.小说 ______________n.非虚构作品 ______________adj.不真实的，编造的 ______________n.(长篇)小说 ______________vi.撞击，碰撞 ______________累极了 ______________n.腹部；胃 ______________摔倒 ______________vt.&vi.继续 ______________adv.也 ______________vt.&vi.抽出；拉，拖 ______________n.绳 ______________设法逃脱，努力挣脱 ______________n.大批，大群；军队 ______________adv.径直；笔直地 ______________立即，马上 ______________vt.讨论，谈论，商量 ______________adj.了解清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的 ______________vt.提出建议 ______________提交，呈交，上交 ______________n.评论 ______________n.时间安排；时刻表 ______________n.总结 ______________泄露，暴露 ______________n.结尾，结局 ______________n.规章；规则 ______________第一，首先 ______________n.图书管理员 ______________(从图书馆等)借出 ______________n.出版社 ______________ adj.不愿意 ______________n.销售量；销售，出售 ______________n.一本(份，册);复制品 ______________adv.尤其，特别 ______________n.文学 ______________n.必读的东西 ______________n.出版人(或机构) ______________vt.盗印，窃用；n.盗版者；海盗 ______________ n.读者 ______________n.困难 ______________做某事有困难 ______________n.版权，著作权 ______________n.同意；一致；协议 ______________n.市场 ______________vt.原谅；n.理由，借口 ______________劳驾，请原谅 ______________每次 ______________prep.在…之内 ______________vt.描述 ______________n.日志 ______________n.名称，标题；头衔，称谓 ______________adj.顽皮的，淘气的 ______________adj.遥远的 ______________n.岛 ______________conj.尽管 ◇Part 02 核心词汇讲练 1.be tired out 累极了 【搭配积累】常与系动词be（am/is/are/was/were）连用，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句；常见状语搭配：after doing sth.（做某事之后）、all day（一整天）等。 【典型用法】 After working for 12 hours in a row, I am tired out.（连续工作12小时后，我累极了。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.—You look pale. What’s wrong? —I ______ after running 5 kilometers. A. am tired out B. am tired of C. get tired D. tired out 2.My mother was ______ because she cleaned the whole house alone. A. tired from B. tired out C. tiring D. tired with 3.Which of the following phrases means “极度疲劳”？ A. be tired of B. be tired from C. be tired out D. get tired easily 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.He ______ (be) tired out after a long journey yesterday. 2.They ______ (not be) tired out at all because they had a short rest just now. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.做完所有家务后，我奶奶累极了。 After finishing all the housework, my grandma ______ ______ ______. 2.不要担心他，他只是累极了，休息一下就好。 Don’t worry about him. He is just ______ ______ ______ and will be fine after a rest. 2.tired out 【解析】空格前为系动词is，直接接形容词短语tired out，符合“累极了”的含义。 2.fall over 摔倒 【搭配积累】可单独使用，也可接状语（如on the ground, because of...）；常见主语为人或动物；过去式：fell over，过去分词：fallen over。 【典型用法】 The little boy fell over when he was running on the grass.（那个小男孩在草地上跑步时摔倒了。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.The old man ______ because the floor was wet. A. fell down B. fell over C. fell off D. fell behind 2.Be careful! You may ______ if you walk so fast on the icy road. A. fall over B. fall in C. fall out D. fall up 3.She ______ and hurt her knee yesterday afternoon. A. falls over B. fell over C. will fall over D. has fallen over 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.Look out! The child ______ (fall) over in a minute if he doesn’t slow down. 2.He ______ (fall) over many times when he learned to ride a bike. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.那个女孩因为看手机，不小心摔倒了。 The girl ______ ______ carelessly because she was looking at her phone. 2.下雪天走路要慢一点，避免摔倒。 Walk slowly on snowy days to avoid ______ ______. 3.continue vt.&vi. 继续 【搭配积累】 1. 及物动词搭配：continue sth.（继续某事）、continue to do sth.（继续做另一件事）、continue doing sth.（继续做同一件事）； 2. 不及物动词搭配：continue with sth.（继续某事）、continue for+时间段（持续……时间）。 【典型用法】 She continued to work after having a cup of tea.（喝了一杯茶后，她继续工作。）（及物动词，接不定式） The rain continued all night.（雨下了一整夜。）（不及物动词） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.After the break, our teacher asked us to ______ our lesson. A. go on B. continue C. keep D. last 2.He ______ playing the piano for two hours yesterday evening. A. continued B. continued to C. continues D. will continue 3.The meeting will ______ for another hour, so we have to wait. A. continue B. go C. last D. keep 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.They ______ (continue) to discuss the problem after dinner yesterday. 2.The concert ______ (continue) for three hours, and everyone enjoyed it very much. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.即使遇到困难，我们也应该继续前进。 Even if we meet difficulties, we should ______ ______. 2.他休息了一会儿，然后继续写作业。 He had a short rest and then ______ ______ his homework. 4. either adv. 也 【典型用法】 I don’t like coffee, and I don’t like tea either.（我不喜欢咖啡，也不喜欢茶。）（否定句末尾） Do you like swimming either?（你也喜欢游泳吗？）（疑问句末尾） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.I can’t sing, and I can’t dance ______. A. too B. also C. either D. as well 2.—I don’t want to go to the party. —I don’t want to go ______. A. too B. either C. also D. yet 3.Which of the following sentences is correct? A. He likes apples, either. B. She doesn’t like milk, either. C. Do you like oranges, too? D. I also don’t like noodles. 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.My brother doesn’t like playing football, and I don’t like it ______ (either). 2.—Can you speak French? —No, I can’t. Can you speak it ______ (either)? 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.我没有去过北京，我妹妹也没有去过。 I haven’t been to Beijing, and my sister hasn’t been there ______. 2.他不喜欢甜食，我也不喜欢。 He doesn’t like sweet food, and I don’t like it ______. 5. pull vt.&vi. 抽出；拉，拖 【搭配积累】 1. 及物动词搭配：pull sth. out（抽出某物）、pull sth. up（拉起某物）、pull sth. away（拖走某物）； 2. 不及物动词搭配：pull at sth.（拉某物）、pull hard（用力拉）。 【典型用法】 She pulled a book out of her schoolbag.（她从书包里抽出一本书。）（及物动词） He pulled hard, but the door didn’t open.（他用力拉，但门没打开。）（不及物动词） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.Please ______ the door open; it’s too hot inside. A. push B. pull C. carry D. take 2.He ______ the box out of the room with great effort. A. pulled B. pushed C. took D. brought 3.She ______ at the rope, but it didn’t move at all. A. pulled B. pushed C. pulled at D. pushed at 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The worker ______ (pull) the heavy box into the warehouse just now. 2.They ______ (pull) out the weeds from the garden when I arrived. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.请把抽屉拉出来，我要找一支笔。 Please ______ ______ the drawer; I want to find a pen. 2.他用力拉绳子，终于把风筝拉了下来。 He ______ ______ the rope hard and finally pulled the kite down. 6. straight adv. 径直；笔直地 【搭配积累】常修饰动词walk, go, run, look等，放在动词之后；也可用于短语go straight（直走）、look straight（直视）。 【典型用法】 Go straight along this street, and you will find the library.（沿着这条街直走，你就会找到图书馆。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.Walk ______ for five minutes, and the hospital is on your left. A. straight B. straightly C. direct D. directly 2.She looked ______ at me and told me the truth. A. straight B. straightly C. direct D. correct 3.—How can I get to the post office? —______ on, and turn right at the second crossing. A. Go straight B. Straight go C. Go direct D. Direct go 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The child ran ______ (straight) to his mother when he saw her. 2.Please look ______ (straight) ahead; don’t look around. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.从这里直走，你会看到一个公园。 ______ ______ from here, and you will see a park. 2.他径直走进教室，没有和任何人打招呼。 He walked ______ ______ the classroom without greeting anyone. 7. discuss vt. 讨论，谈论，商量 【搭配积累】discuss sth.（讨论某事）、discuss sth. with sb.（和某人讨论某事）、discuss how/what/whether to do sth.（讨论如何/做什么/是否做某事）；注意：不能说discuss about sth.（about多余）。 【典型用法】 We discussed the plan with our teacher yesterday.（昨天我们和老师讨论了这个计划。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.They will ______ the problem at the meeting tomorrow. A. discuss B. talk C. speak D. say 2.My parents often ______ my study with me after school. A. discuss about B. discuss C. talk about D. speak about 3.We are ______ where to go for our holiday now. A. discussing B. talking C. speaking D. saying 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The students ______ (discuss) the new book in the classroom now. 2.He ______ (discuss) the question with his classmates yesterday afternoon. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.我们需要和经理讨论这个项目。 We need to ______ the project ______ the manager. 2.他们正在讨论如何解决这个困难。 They are ______ ______ to solve the difficulty. 8. clear adj. 了解清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的 【搭配积累】 1.了解清楚的：be clear about sth.（清楚某事）、make it clear that...（明确表示……）； 2. 清澈的：clear water（清澈的水）、clear air（清新的空气）； 3. 晴朗的：clear sky（晴朗的天空）、clear day（晴朗的一天）。 【典型用法】 I am clear about his plan.（我清楚他的计划。）（了解清楚的） The river in my hometown is clear.（我家乡的河很清澈。）（清澈的） It’s a clear day today.（今天是晴朗的一天。）（晴朗的） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.The water in the lake is so ______ that we can see the fish clearly. A. clean B. clear C. dirty D. dark 2.—Do you understand what he said? —Yes, I am ______ about it. A. clear B. sure C. certain D. confused 3.It’s a ______ day today. Let’s go for a walk in the park. A. cloudy B. rainy C. clear D. windy 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The sky is ______ (clear) today than yesterday; we can see the sun clearly. 2.She is not ______ (clear) about what to do next, so she asks for help. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.请明确告诉我你是否会来。 Please ______ ______ ______ me whether you will come. 2.雨后，空气变得清新，天空也晴朗了。 After the rain, the air becomes fresh and the sky is ______. 9. advise vt. 提出建议 【搭配积累】advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事）、advise sb. not to do sth.（建议某人不要做某事）、advise sth.（建议某事）、advise that...（建议……，从句用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可省略）。 【典型用法】 The doctor advised me to take more exercise.（医生建议我多锻炼。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.My teacher ______ me to read English every morning. A. advised B. suggested C. hoped D. wanted 2.She advised me ______ late at night, because it’s bad for my health. A. not to stay up B. to not stay up C. not stay up D. don’t stay up 3.The doctor advised that he ______ a good rest. A. has B. have C. had D. will have 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.He ______ (advise) his friend to give up smoking yesterday. 2.Our teacher often ______ (advise) us to study hard for our dreams. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.我建议他先完成作业。 I ______ ______ ______ finish his homework first. 2.医生建议她多喝水，少吃辛辣食物。 The doctor ______ her ______ ______ more water and eat less spicy food. 10. review n. 评论 【搭配积累】a review of sth.（对某物的评论）、write a review（写评论）、read a review（读评论）、positive review（正面评论）、negative review（负面评论）。 【典型用法】 I read a good review of this book in the newspaper.（我在报纸上读到了一篇关于这本书的好评。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.She wrote a ______ of the new movie and posted it online. A. review B. story C. letter D. report 2.I always read ______ of a product before buying it. A. reviews B. books C. news D. messages 3.There are many positive ______ about this restaurant on the Internet. A. reviews B. words C. stories D. notes 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.He wrote two ______ (review) about the two new books last week. 2.I want to read a ______ (review) of this movie to know if it’s worth watching. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.他写了一篇关于这部小说的评论。 He wrote a ______ ______ this novel. 2.你可以在网上找到这部电影的很多评论。 You can find many ______ ______ this movie online. 11. give away 泄露，暴露 【搭配积累】give away sth.（泄露/暴露某物）、give sth. away（泄露/暴露某物）；主语通常为人，宾语为秘密、信息、身份等。 【典型用法】 He accidentally gave away the secret to his friend.（他不小心把秘密泄露给了他的朋友。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1.Don’t ______ the secret; it’s only between us. A. give up B. give away C. give in D. give out 2.Her smile ______ her true feelings, so we knew she was happy. A. gave away B. gave up C. gave off D. gave out 3.He promised not to ______ any information about the project. A. give away B. give back C. give up D. give off 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.She ______ (give) away the truth by accident yesterday. 2.Don’t worry; he won’t ______ (give) away our plan. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.他没有泄露任何关于这次考试的信息。 He didn’t ______ ______ any information about the exam. 2.他的眼神暴露了他在撒谎。 His eyes ______ ______ that he was lying. 12. ending n. 结尾，结局 【搭配积累】happy ending（圆满结局）、sad ending（悲伤结局）、ending of sth.（某物的结尾）、come to an ending（走向结束） 【用法示例】 I like the movie because it has a warm ending.（我喜欢这部电影，因为它有一个温暖的结局。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. The ______ of the novel surprised all the readers. A. begin B. ending C. start D. middle 2. We all hope for a happy ______ to this long story. A. end B. ending C. finish D. complete 3. The party came to a peaceful ______ at midnight. A. ending B. begin C. start D. opening 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. What do you think of the ______ (end) of the film? It’s too moving. 2. The story has two different ______ (end), and you can choose your favorite one. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 这个故事的结局比我们想象的更好。 The ______ ______ the story is better than we thought. 2. 这部电视剧的结尾让很多人哭了。 The ______ ______ the TV play made many people cry. 13. rule n. 规章；规则 【搭配积累】school rules（校规）、follow the rules（遵守规则）、break the rules（违反规则）、the rule of sth.（某物的规则/规律） 【用法示例】 Everyone must follow the rules in the library.（每个人在图书馆都必须遵守规则。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. We have to obey the ______ of the school, or we will be punished. A. rules B. rule C. law D. laws 2. What’s the first ______ in your family? A. rule B. rules C. law D. habit 3. If you ______ the rules, you will be asked to leave. A. follow B. break C. keep D. make 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. There are many strict ______ (rule) in our company. 2. You should remember to follow the traffic ______ (rule) when you go out. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我们必须遵守交通规则。 We must ______ ______ ______. 2. 这个游戏有三条简单的规则。 This game has three simple ______. 14. unwilling adj. 不愿意 【搭配积累】be unwilling to do sth.（不愿意做某事）、be unwilling to help（不愿意帮忙）、unwilling to accept（不愿意接受） 【用法示例】 She is unwilling to talk about her past.（她不愿意谈论自己的过去。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. He is ______ to help others because he is too busy. A. willing B. unwilling C. happy D. glad 2. My little sister is ______ to go to bed early. She wants to watch cartoons. A. willing B. ready C. unwilling D. excited 3. She was ______ to accept the gift from her old friend. A. willing B. unwilling C. pleased D. happy 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. He is ______ (willing) to join us in the activity because he has other plans. 2. My parents are ______ (willing) to let me go out alone at night. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 他不愿意承认自己的错误。 He is ______ ______ ______ his mistake. 2. 我的弟弟不愿意吃蔬菜。 My brother is ______ ______ ______ vegetables. 15. sale n. 销售量；销售，出售 【搭配积累】sales volume（销售量）、for sale（待售）、on sale（促销，打折）、the sale of sth.（某物的销售/出售） 【用法示例】 The sale of this book has reached 10,000 copies.（这本书的销售量已经达到了10000册。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. The ______ of this new product is very high this month. A. sale B. sales C. sell D. selling 2. Many clothes in this shop are ______ sale today. You can buy them at a low price. A. in B. on C. for D. at 3. The ______ of the house will be held next week. A. sale B. sell C. selling D. buys 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. The ______ (sell) of the mobile phone has increased a lot this year. 2. There are many books for ______ (sell) in the bookstore. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 这款手机的销售量逐月增长。 The ______ ______ this mobile phone is increasing month by month. 2. 这家商店的所有商品都在打折出售。 All goods in this shop are ______ ______. 16. especially adv. 尤其，特别 【搭配积累】especially for sb.（尤其对某人而言）、especially when/if（尤其当……时/如果……）、especially important（尤其重要） 【用法示例】 I like all fruits, especially apples.（我喜欢所有的水果，尤其是苹果。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. I love reading, ______ storybooks. A. especially B. special C. especial D. specially 2. This question is ______ difficult for me. I can’t answer it. A. special B. especially C. especial D. specially 3. She likes all kinds of music, ______ when she is sad. A. especially B. special C. specially D. especial 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. This film is ______ (especial) popular among teenagers. 2. I like this dress, ______ (especial) its color. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我尤其喜欢这家餐厅的面条。 I ______ ______ the noodles in this restaurant. 2. 这个问题对我们来说尤其重要。 This question is ______ ______ for us. 17. difficulty n. 困难 【搭配积累】have difficulty (in) doing sth.（做某事有困难）、overcome difficulty（克服困难）、face difficulty（面对困难）、solve a difficulty（解决困难） 【用法示例】 He has difficulty in learning English grammar.（他在学习英语语法方面有困难。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. She had no ______ in finishing the work on time. A. difficulty B. difficulties C. difficult D. hard 2. We should help those who are in ______. A. difficulty B. difficulties C. difficult D. hard 3. He has much ______ in speaking English. He needs more practice. A. difficulty B. difficulties C. easy D. easily 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. Do you have any ______ (difficult) in solving this problem? 2. She overcame many ______ (difficult) to realize her dream. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我在记住单词方面有困难。 I have ______ ______ ______ words. 2. 他们成功克服了所有的困难。 They successfully overcame all the ______. 18. agreement n. 同意；一致；协议 【搭配积累】reach an agreement（达成协议）、in agreement with（同意……；与……一致）、sign an agreement（签署协议）、by agreement（根据协议） 【用法示例】 We finally reached an agreement on the plan.（我们最终就这个计划达成了协议。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. They had a long talk and finally reached an ______. A. agreement B. agree C. disagree D. disagreement 2. I am in ______ with you that we should work hard. A. agree B. agreement C. disagree D. disagreement 3. They signed an ______ to cooperate with each other. A. agree B. agreement C. disagree D. promise 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. We have reached an ______ (agree) about the time of the meeting. 2. She is in ______ (agree) with her parents on this matter. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我们就这个问题达成了一致。 We reached ______ ______ on this problem. 2. 我同意你的观点。 I am ______ ______ ______ your opinion. 19. excuse vt. 原谅；n. 理由，借口 【搭配积累】excuse sb. for sth.（因某事原谅某人）、excuse sb. for doing sth.（原谅某人做了某事）、make an excuse（找借口）、without excuse（毫无借口） 【用法示例】 Please excuse me for being late.（请原谅我来晚了。）（动词） He made an excuse for his absence.（他为自己的缺席找了个借口。）（名词） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. Please ______ me for my mistake. I will correct it soon. A. excuse B. sorry C. forgive D. pardon 2. He always makes an ______ for being late to class. A. excuse B. reason C. cause D. problem 3. She asked to be ______ for her rudeness. A. excused B. sorry C. sad D. happy 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. Please ______ (excuse) my carelessness. I didn’t mean to hurt you. 2. He made an ______ (excuse) to leave the meeting early. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 请原谅我忘记了你的生日。 Please ______ ______ ______ forgetting your birthday. 2. 他没有为自己的错误找任何借口。 He didn’t make any ______ ______ his mistake. 20. within prep. 在…之内 【搭配积累】within 时间（在……时间内）、within reach（在可及范围之内）、within the city（在城市之内）、within limits（在限度之内） 【用法示例】 We must finish the work within three days.（我们必须在三天之内完成这项工作。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. The post office is ______ 10 minutes’ walk from here. A. within B. in C. on D. at 2. We should finish the task ______ the time given. A. within B. in C. on D. for 3. The book you are looking for is ______ your reach. Just take it. A. within B. out of C. beyond D. above 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. Please return the book ______ (within) a week. 2. The park is ______ (within) the city center, so it’s easy to get there. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我们必须在一小时之内到达车站。 We must arrive at the station ______ ______ ______. 2. 这家商店在步行五分钟之内。 This shop is ______ ______ ______ walk. 21. describe vt. 描述 【搭配积累】describe sth. to sb.（向某人描述某物）、describe sth. as（把某物描述为……）、describe a scene（描述一个场景） 【用法示例】 Can you describe your new friend to me?（你能向我描述一下你的新朋友吗？） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. Can you ______ what the thief looks like? A. describe B. tell C. say D. speak 2. She ______ the movie as very exciting. A. describes B. tells C. says D. speaks 3. He ______ his trip to us in detail. A. described B. told C. said D. spoke 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. Please ______ (describe) your feeling after reading the book. 2. He ______ (describe) the beautiful scenery to his parents yesterday. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 你能向我描述一下那个公园吗？ Can you ______ the park ______ me? 2. 他把那个地方描述成一个美丽的天堂。 He ______ the place ______ a beautiful paradise. 22. though conj. 尽管 【搭配积累】though+句子（尽管……）、though it is/was...（尽管……）、even though（即使，尽管，语气更强） 【用法示例】 Though he is young, he knows a lot.（尽管他很年轻，但他知道很多。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1. ______ he is tired, he still keeps working. A. Though B. Because C. So D. But 2. She went to school ______ she was ill. A. though B. because C. so D. and 3. ______ it rained heavily, we still went out. A. Though B. Because C. So D. If 二、单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1. ______ (though) he is poor, he is very happy. 2. She kept smiling ______ (though) she was sad. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 尽管天气很冷，他还是去了公园。 ______ ______ ______ cold, he still went to the park. 2. 尽管她很年轻，但她很勇敢。 ______ ______ ______, she is very brave. ◇Part 03 词汇强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 单项选择 1. My sister likes reading ______ better than non-fiction in her free time. A. fiction B. review C. summary D. journal 2. The old man ______ after he stepped on the wet floor in the supermarket. A. broke free B. fell over C. pulled out D. gave away 3. We are ______ after walking for five hours in the mountain without a rest. A. tired out B. unwilling C. faraway D. clear 4. Tom has a pain in his ______ because he ate too much cold food this morning. A. rope B. stomach C. army D. market 5. You can borrow only one book from the library ______. A. at a time B. right away C. first of all D. in time 6. Please ______ your homework to the teacher before class is over. A. check out B. hand in C. give away D. break free 7. The two cars ______ on the street because the driver didn’t follow the traffic rules. A. crashed B. continued C. described D. excused 8. I don’t like this book, and I don’t like that one ______. A. too B. also C. either D. as well 9. She tried to ______ the box from the corner, but it was too heavy. A. pull B. fall C. discuss D. agree 10. We need a strong ______ to tie the heavy box to the bike. A. arm B. rope C. copy D. title 11. The little bird ______ from the cage and flew away into the sky. A. broke free B. fell over C. tired out D. checked out 12. A big ______ of people came to the park to watch the fireworks show. A. stomach B. librarian C. army D. publisher 13. Go ______ along this road, and you will find the hospital on your left. A. straight B. faraway C. clear D. naughty 14. You must call the police ______ when you see a crime happening. A. at a time B. right away C. first of all D. within 15. Let’s ______ the plan for the school trip after class, shall we? A. discuss B. advise C. review D. summarize 16. The water in the lake is so ______ that we can see the fish swimming inside. A. made-up B. unwilling C. clear D. faraway 17. My teacher ______ me to read more must-read books in my free time. A. advised B. excused C. described D. pirated 18. I wrote a ______ about the new novel I read last week for my English class. A. timetable B. review C. sale D. difficulty 19. Please make a ______ for your study, so you can manage your time well. A. timetable B. summary C. ending D. copyright 20. Can you write a short ______ of this English passage for us? A. review B. summary C. journal D. title 21. Don’t ______ the secret to anyone, or our plan will fail. A. give away B. hand in C. check out D. break free 22. I don’t like the ______ of this movie because it is too sad. A. beginning B. ending C. rule D. market 23. We must follow the ______ of the school when we are at school. A. rules B. sales C. copies D. readers 24. ______, you need to finish your homework, and then you can watch TV. A. At a time B. Right away C. First of all D. In the end 25. The ______ in the city library is very kind and always helps us find books. A. librarian B. publisher C. pirate D. reader 26. You can ______ three books at a time if you have a library card. A. check out B. hand in C. give away D. break free 27. This book is published by a famous ______ in Beijing. A. publishing house B. market C. literature D. agreement 28. He is ______ to go to the park with us because he has a lot of homework to do. A. tired out B. unwilling C. clear D. faraway 29. The ______ of this new book is very good; it sold out in three days. A. sale B. sales C. copy D. literature 30. I have only one ______ of this storybook, so I can’t lend it to you. A. copy B. review C. summary D. journal 31. I like all the subjects at school, ______ English. A. especially B. either C. also D. too 32. She is very interested in ______ and has read many famous novels. A. fiction B. literature C. non-fiction D. journal 33. This book is a ______ for all the students in Grade Eight. A. must-read B. review C. summary D. title 34. The ______ decided to print more copies of the popular novel. A. librarian B. publisher C. pirate D. reader 35. It’s against the law to ______ other people’s books without permission. A. pirate B. advise C. describe D. excuse 36. This magazine has millions of ______ all over the country. A. writers B. readers C. publishers D. librarians 37. We have some ______ in learning English grammar, but we will try our best. A. difficulties B. agreements C. copyrights D. sales 38. He has ______ (in) remembering English words, so he often writes them down. A. difficulty B. difficulty C. difficulties D. difficult 39. You should respect the ______ of the writers and not copy their works freely. A. rule B. copyright C. market D. agreement 40. We reached an ______ with our classmates about the group project yesterday. A. excuse B. market C. agreement D. title $