Unit 5 Amazing nature 环境与自然（话题阅读精练）英语新教材外研版七年级下册

Unit 5 Amazing nature 环境与自然 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 252 本文介绍了阿拉善盟面临沙漠化威胁时，当地人通过飞机播种、植树造林等方式治理沙漠，最终改善了生态环境。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 218 本文讲述了右玉县石炮沟地区王占峰及其父辈祖辈三代人参与植树造林运动。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 226 本文阐述了地球为人类提供生存所需，但人类却在破坏森林、污染水源、捕杀动物，导致地球面临巨大危险，呼吁人类意识到错误并保护地球。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 190 本文介绍了树木之间独特的交流方式。 Passage3 语篇填空 记叙文 202 本文讲述了艾米的生日恰逢世界地球日，今年她希望过不一样的生日。 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 205 本文介绍了意大利布拉诺岛以色彩斑斓的房子闻名。 时文阅读 Passage 1 In the 1980s, people in Alshaa League, where the three big deserts are located, had a problem. Sand from the deserts was coming close to the Yellow River and the Helan Mountains. Some people left. Some people stayed and tried different ways to save their homes. 上世纪80年代，位于三大沙漠交汇处的阿拉善盟面临着严峻的生态挑战。肆虐的风沙不断逼近黄河与贺兰山脉，迫使部分居民背井离乡。然而，仍有一群坚守故土的人，以不同方式守护家园。 One person, Liu Hongyi, stayed and had an idea. He and his friends used planes to sow (播种) seeds of trees and grass to stop the sand. They worked hard, even in the hot desert. At the beginning, the trees grew well, but later, not so much. So, they tried different trees. 刘宏义便是其中之一。他与同伴们开创性地采用飞机播种技术，在沙漠腹地撒下草木种子。尽管初期成效显著，但随着时间推移，苗木成活率逐渐下降。他们并未气馁，而是不断调整树种，探索适应当地环境的治沙方案。 Since 1982, about 470,000 hectares of land in the league have been planted trees. These trees stopped the expansion (扩张) of the deserts. 自1982年以来，阿拉善盟累计造林约47万公顷，成功遏制了沙漠扩张的势头。 Now, more land has trees, about 8%. Grass has also increased from 15% to 23%. People in Alshaa have more money now. Over 30,000 farmers and herders (牧民) earn between 30,000 and 50,000 yuan each year. They plant tasty things like suo suo, sandy grapes, and black fruit goji berries. 如今，全盟植被覆盖率提升至8%，草场覆盖率由15%增长到23%。生态改善带来经济效益，逾3万农牧民年收入达到3至5万元，种植的梭梭、沙地葡萄和黑果枸杞等经济作物广受欢迎。 People like to visit Alshaa now. They see the cool deserts, lakes, springs, and old temples (寺庙). The Badain Jaran Desert is a fun place for visitors. 如今的阿拉善已成为旅游胜地。游客们既能领略大漠风光，又能欣赏湖泊泉水和古老寺庙的独特景致。巴丹吉林沙漠更是成为热门旅游目的地。 There’s even a big campsite (露营地) for people who like to drive. It’s like a fun adventure (冒险) land with campsites, houses, and even places for cooking outside. People can have a great time there. 新建的大型露营地为自驾爱好者提供了帐篷营地、度假屋和户外烹饪区等设施，宛如充满野趣的冒险乐园。 【长难句分析】 1. In the 1980s, people in Alshaa League, where the three big deserts are located, had a problem. 翻译： 上世纪80年代，位于三大沙漠交汇处的阿拉善盟面临着严峻的生态挑战。 重点： 这个句子的主干是“people...had a problem”（人们遇到了难题）。 “in the 1980s”是时间状语。“in Alshaa League”是介词短语作定语，修饰people，说明是哪里的人们。“where the three big deserts are located”是一个定语从句，修饰Alshaa League，说明阿拉善盟的位置特点。 2. 原句： They plant tasty things like suo suo, sandy grapes, and black fruit goji berries. 翻译： 他们种植一些美味的作物，比如梭梭、沙地葡萄和黑果枸杞。 重点： 这个句子的主干是“They plant tasty things”（他们种植美味的作物）。“like suo suo, sandy grapes, and black fruit goji berries”是介词短语作举例，用“like”（比如）来具体说明他们种植了哪些美味的植物。 3. It’s like a fun adventure land with campsites, houses, and even places for cooking outside. 翻译： 它就像一个有趣的冒险乐园，里面有露营地、房子，甚至还有户外烹饪的地方。 分析： 这个句子的主干是“It’s like a fun adventure land”（它像一个有趣的冒险乐园）。“with campsites, houses, and even places...”是介词短语作定语，修饰adventure land，具体描述了这个乐园里有些什么设施。“for cooking outside”是介词短语作定语，修饰places，说明这些地方是用来做什么的。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. desert /ˈdɛzərt/ (n.) 沙漠 2. locate /ˈloʊkeɪt/ (v.) 位于；确定…的位置 （常用被动语态 be located 坐落于） 3. sow /soʊ/ (v.) 播种 4. seed /siːd/ (n.) 种子 5. expansion /ɪkˈspænʃən/ (n.) 扩张；扩大 6. increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ (v.) 增加；增长 7. earn   /ɜːrn/ (v.) 挣（钱）；赚得 8. tasty /ˈteɪsti/ (adj.) 美味的；可口的 9. temple /ˈtempəl/ (n.) 寺庙 10. campsite  ˈkæmpsaɪt/ (n.) 露营地 11. adventure /ədˈventʃər/ (n.) 冒险；奇遇 12. even  /ˈiːvən/ (adv.) 甚至；即使 （用于加强语气） Passage 2 A county in the faraway mountains has helped turn a dry, empty deep valley (山谷) into the forests where different kinds of trees grow well. This change happened in one of the places where few people could live. 一个地处偏远山区的县，将一片干旱空旷的深谷变成了各类树木繁茂生长的森林。这场巨变发生在一个曾经人迹罕至的地方。 You’d never know what it was like before if you passed through the Shipaogou area. That’s where Wang Zhanfeng lives. The land there is covered with grass and trees. It looks totally different from before. 如果你现在经过石炮沟地区，绝不会想到它以前的样子。王占峰就住在这里。如今这里的土地遍布草木，与从前截然不同。 “In my childhood, we had to cover our bowls while eating. If not, the bowls would be filled with sand,” Wang told China Daily. “小时候吃饭，我们得用手捂着碗，不然碗里就会落满沙子，”王占峰在接受《中国日报》采访时这样回忆道。 Wang, his father, and his grandfather all took part in the tree-planting movement in Youyu county. The villagers said no to what nature seemed to give them. Instead, they started trying to use a new and hard way to plant trees. 王占峰与他的父亲、祖父都参与了右玉县的植树造林运动。村民们没有向大自然的"馈赠"低头，而是开始尝试用全新的、艰难的方式植树造林。 The soil there was dry and couldn't hold water. So it wasn’t easy to just plant trees where the villagers needed them most. Instead, the villagers grew young trees on the nearby hillsides. And they also watered each tree by hand. 那里的土壤干燥且无法涵养水分，因此在村民最需要的地方直接种树并非易事。村民们转而先在附近的山坡上培育树苗，并且每一棵树都靠人工浇水。 After people planted trees for many years, great changes have taken place in Youyu county. It is now a big center for raising horses. The local economy also gets help from sheep wool, fruit, and tourism. 经过多年的植树造林，右玉县发生了翻天覆地的变化。如今，这里已成为一个重要的养马基地。当地经济也得益于羊毛、水果和旅游业的发展。 【长难句分析】 1. A county in the faraway mountains has helped turn a dry, empty deep valley into the forests where different kinds of trees grow well. 翻译： 一个地处偏远山区的县，将一片干旱空旷的深谷变成了各类树木繁茂生长的森林。 重点： 这个句子的主干是 “A county...has helped turn...into...”（一个县帮助把……变成了……）。 “in the faraway mountains”是介词短语作定语，修饰county，说明是哪个县。 “where different kinds of trees grow well”是一个定语从句，修饰forests，说明是什么样的森林。 2. The villagers said no to what nature seemed to give them. 翻译： 村民们没有向大自然的“馈赠”低头。 分析： 这个句子的主干是 “The villagers said no to...”（村民们对……说不）。 “what nature seemed to give them”是一个宾语从句，作介词to的宾语，说明了村民们拒绝的是什么——这里指恶劣的自然环境。理解这句话需要结合上下文：大自然给他们的不是沃土，而是风沙。 3. After people planted trees for many years, great changes have taken place in Youyu county. 翻译： 经过多年的植树造林，右玉县发生了翻天覆地的变化。 分析： “After people planted trees for many years”是时间状语从句，说明变化发生的时间背景。句子的主干是 “great changes have taken place”（巨大的变化发生了），这是一个现在完成时的句子，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。“in Youyu county”是地点状语。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. faraway /ˈfɑːrəweɪ/ (adj.) 遥远的；远方的 2. valley /ˈvæli/ (n.) 山谷；峡谷 3. cover /ˈkʌvər/ (v.) 覆盖；遮盖 4. fill /fɪl/ (v.) 充满；装满 5. movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ (n.) 运动；活动 6. soil /sɔɪl/ (n.) 土壤；土地 7. water /ˈwɔːtər/ (v.) 给……浇水；灌溉 8. change /tʃeɪndʒ/ (n.) 变化；改变 9. take place /teɪk pleɪs/ (v.短语) 发生；举行 10. local /ˈloʊkəl/ (adj.) 当地的；本地的 11. economy /ɪˈkɑːnəmi/ (n.) 经济 12. tourism /ˈtʊrɪzəm/ (n.) 旅游业；观光 实战演练 Passage 1 （25-26七年级下·辽宁沈阳·开学考试） The Earth is a beautiful place. It provides us with food, water, air and the place to live. But we humans are slowly destroying (破坏) it. Humans have destroyed one-tenth of the Earth’s forests in the last 25 years according to a new study. Humans are cutting down trees for different reasons, such as building houses or farming. These forests clean the air and provide rain for the world. If we don’t stop cutting them down, all the forests on the Earth will be destroyed badly in less than 100 years. Also, we are putting our rubbish into rivers and lakes. Some of the rubbish is bad for plants and animals in the water. Factories pour their dirty water into the rivers before it is cleaned. As a result, there is less and less clean water for people to drink. What’s worse, a lot of animals are killed by humans. Some people kill them for food or clothes. Others hunt them for money. Many animals lose their homes because of human activities. Since humans came to the Earth, 1,000 species (物种) have gone. Nearly 20,000 plants and animals are in danger of dying out. Today our Earth is in great danger. So it is time that we humans should realize our mistakes and do some things to protect the Earth. 1．Which is one of the reasons for humans to destroy the forests? A．To find trees. B．To make clothes. C．To build houses. D．To hunt animals. 2．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①→②③→④→⑤ B．①→②③④→⑤ C．①②→③④→⑤ D．①→②→③④⑤ 3．What will the writer probably talk about following the last paragraph? A．Why we can protect the Earth. B．How we can realize our mistakes. C．What we can do to protect the Earth. D．Where we can go if we leave the Earth. 4．In which part of a magazine can we read the text? A．History. B．Science. C．Health. D．Nature. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了地球为人类提供生存所需，但人类却在慢慢破坏它，包括破坏森林、污染水源、捕杀动物等，导致地球面临巨大危险，呼吁人类意识到错误并保护地球。 1．根据文章第二段“Humans are cutting down trees for different reasons, such as building houses or farming.”可知，人类砍伐树木的原因包括建造房屋等。 2．文章第一段总述地球美丽但人类在破坏它；第二、三、四段分别从破坏森林、污染水源、捕杀动物等方面具体阐述人类对地球的破坏；第五段总结呼吁人类保护地球。所以文章结构为①→②③④→⑤。 3．根据文章最后一段“So it is time that we humans should realize our mistakes and do some things to protect the Earth.”可知，作者呼吁人类意识到错误并保护地球，那么接下来很可能会具体阐述如何保护地球，C选项“What we can do to protect the Earth.”符合推理。 4．文章主要围绕人类对地球环境的破坏以及呼吁保护地球展开，与自然环境相关，所以最有可能在杂志的自然板块读到这篇文章。 Passage2 People usually use their mouths and also some body language to talk with each other. When we have good news, we want to talk about it with our good friends and when something bad happens, we make it known to others soon. But do you know that trees can talk about news with each other too? Of course, no tree moves lips and says words just as people do. It may sound strange, but some trees really try to talk with each other in other ways. Willows are the best-known of these trees. When insects begin biting (叮) a willow, the tree sends out a special smell at once. This smell tells the other willows that harmful insects are coming near. All of them quickly make a chemical (化学品) in their leaves. This chemical is bad for the insects. The insects do not like it and will fly away soon. In this way, the willows protect themselves from the insects. The next time when you take a walk in the woods, maybe the trees are talking to each other quietly. How magical nature is! 1．What can we know from the first paragraph? A．Some people can talk with some trees. B．Some trees can say words just as people do. C．Trees also have lips and say words to others. D．Some trees can talk with each other in other ways. 2．What does a willow use to talk? A．Its smell. B．Its leaves. C．Its branches. D．Its fruit. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．The leaf. B．The chemical. C．The tree. D．The insect. 4．What is the right order of the following according to the passage? a. The willow tree gives out a smell. b. The willow trees make a chemical in their leaves. c. Insects fly away because of the chemical. d. Insects begin biting a willow tree. A．d-a-c-b B．a-c-d-b C．d-a-b-c D．a-c-b-d 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了树木独特的交流方式。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“But do you know that trees can talk about...in other ways.”可知, 虽然树不会像人一样动嘴唇和说话，但有些树真的试图以其他方式相互交谈。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“When insects begin biting a willow, the tree sends out a special smell at once. This smell tells the other willows that harmful insects are coming near.”可知，当昆虫开始叮咬一棵柳树，柳树会立刻散发出一种特殊的气味，这种气味告诉其他的柳树有害的昆虫正在靠近，由此可推出柳树会使用一种气味进行交流。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据第二段“This chemical is bad for the insects.”可知, 柳树叶子产生的化学物质是对昆虫有害的, 可推知下文昆虫不喜欢的就是这种化学物质。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，正确的顺序是：d.昆虫开始啃一棵柳树——a.这棵柳树散发出一股气味——b.柳树的叶子会产生一种化学物质——c.昆虫会因为化学物质而飞走。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏徐州·月考）阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 “I just want to have a different birthday party today!” Amy says to 1 (she) parents. Amy’s birthday is on Earth Day (世界地球日), April 22nd. Every year, her parents have a party for her. At the party, Amy and her friends are busy with some 2 (activity) like recycling bottles (回收瓶子) and planting trees. 3 (this) things are fun for them. But today, on Amy’s 4 (fourteen) birthday, she 5 (real) wants to do something different. “So how about 6 (go) to Disneyland, my dear?” Amy’s mom asks her. “Wow! It 7 (sound) good,” Amy’s dad says. “Yeah, I’d love to,” Amy says. “ 8 can we go?” “Now!” Amy’s parents say. At ten in the morning, Amy gets to the parking lot (停车场) of Disneyland with her parents and friends. She isn’t happy to see many old bottles there, 9 she collects them with her friends. In a short time, the parking lot gets clean and tidy with Amy and her 10 (friend) hard work. At this time, an old man gives an ice-cream to each of them. With the ice-cream, they run to Disneyland happily. 【答案】 1．her 2．activities 3．These 4．fourteenth 5．really 6．going 7．sounds 8．When 9．so 10．friends’ 【导语】本文讲述了艾米生日的特别经历：艾米的生日恰逢4月22日世界地球日，今年她希望过不一样的派对，父母提议去迪士尼乐园。到达乐园停车场后，艾米看到大量旧瓶子，便和朋友主动清理，最终在干净的环境中开心开启乐园之旅，既满足了“不一样”的愿望，也延续了环保初心。 1．句意：艾米对她的父母说：“我今天只想过一个不一样的生日派对！” 空格后为名词“parents”，需用形容词性物主代词修饰；she“她”，人称代词主格，其形容词性物主代词为her。故填her。 2．句意：派对上，艾米和她的朋友们忙着做一些活动，比如回收瓶子和种树。activity为可数名词，根据空前“some”可知，此处需用复数形式activities。故填activities。 3．句意：这些事情对他们来说很有趣。根据“things”可知，此处用this的复数形式为these；且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填These。 4．句意：但今天，在艾米14岁生日这天，她真的想做些不一样的事。表示“第14个生日”，需用序数词；fourteen的序数词形式为fourteenth。故填fourteenth。 5．句意：但今天，在艾米14岁生日这天，她真的想做些不一样的事。根据“wants”可知，此处需用副词修饰动词；real“真的”，形容词，其副词形式是really，意为“真正地”。故填really。 6．句意：艾米的妈妈问她：“那去迪士尼乐园怎么样，亲爱的？” 根据“how about”可知，此处需用动名词形式，go的动名词为going。故填going。 7．句意：艾米的爸爸说：“哇！这听起来不错。” 全文时态为一般现在时，主语“it”为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，sound的第三人称单数为sounds。故填sounds。 8．句意：艾米说：“好啊，我想去！我们什么时候能去？”根据后文父母的回答“Now!”可知，此处是询问“时间”，需用疑问词When，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When。 9．句意：看到那里有很多旧瓶子，她并不开心，所以就和朋友们一起收集起来。根据“She isn’t happy to see many old bottles there”和“she collects them with her friends.”可知，前句“看到旧瓶子不开心”是原因，后句“和朋友收集瓶子”是结果，前后为因果关系，需用连词so。故填so。 10．句意：没过多久，在艾米和朋友们的努力下，停车场变得干净整洁了。根据“hard work”可知，此处需用名词所有格，表示“……的努力”；根据前文“her friends”可知，此处需用复数所有格friends’，表“朋友们的”。故填friends’。 Passage 4 Burano is a beautiful island in Italy. It is probably one of the most colourful places in the world. It is popular 1 visitors from all over the world. Lots of visitors 2 to visit it when they are free. When you visit Burano, you can see lots of houses in bright colours. When you are walking here, you may think you are 3 in a fairy world (童话世界). The houses are beautiful and they 4 castles. The local people can paint their houses in bright colours, but all the houses must 5 a special colour pattern. 6 you paint your house, you must ask the government first. The government will tell you the certain colour that you can use. There are some other interesting 7 . For example, if your neighbour’s house is red, the government won’t allow you to paint your house red. You have to choose a 8 colour. For the local people, painting 9 houses has become a tradition. In the past, most of the local people were fishermen. They painted their houses in bright colours so that the fishermen could see their houses in the fog 10 . See? Colours were useful in their lives. 1．A．between B．with C．over D．of 2．A．enjoy B．choose C．dislike D．mind 3．A．walking B．climbing C．jumping D．falling 4．A．look for B．look up C．look after D．look like 5．A．lose B．follow C．forget D．point 6．A．After B．Before C．When D．Because 7．A．lessons B．rules C．prizes D．meanings 8．A．bright B．clear C．same D．different 9．A．our B．his C．her D．their 10．A．hardly B．loudly C．clearly D．carelessly 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文介绍意大利布拉诺岛，它以色彩斑斓的房子闻名，当地刷房有特殊规则，这一传统源于渔民的实际需求。 1．句意：它受到来自世界各地游客的欢迎。 between在……之间；with和；over超过；of…的。“be popular with”是固定搭配，表示“受……欢迎”。故选B。 2．句意：很多游客有空的时候选择来游览。 enjoy享受；choose选择；dislike不喜欢；mind介意。根据“It is probably one of the most colourful places in the world”可知岛屿知名度高，游客会选择前往游览。故选B。 3．句意：当你在这里行走时，你可能会认为自己正漫步在童话世界。 walking行走；climbing攀爬；jumping跳跃；falling掉落。根据“When you are walking here”可知动作对应行走。故选A。 4．句意：房屋很漂亮，看起来像城堡。 look for寻找；look up查阅；look after照顾；look like看起来像。根据“The houses”可知房屋看起来和城堡相似。故选D。 5．句意：当地人可以把房子刷成亮色，但所有房屋必须遵循特殊的色彩图案要求。 lose丢失；follow遵循；forget忘记；point指向。根据原文“you must ask the government first. The government will tell you the certain colour that you can use”可知刷漆要遵守官方规定。故选B。 6．句意：在你刷房子之前，你必须先询问政府。 After在……之后；Before在……之前；When当……时；Because因为。根据逻辑，申请许可要发生在刷漆动作之前。故选B。 7．句意：还有其他一些有趣的规则。 lessons课程；rules规则；prizes奖品；meanings意义。根据后文“if your neighbour’s house is red, the government won’t allow you to paint your house red”可知举例内容是刷漆的相关规定。故选B。 8．句意：你必须选择一个不同的颜色。 bright明亮的；clear清晰的；same相同的；different不同的。根据原文“if your neighbour’s house is red, the government won’t allow you to paint your house red”可知不能和邻居选同色，要选不同的颜色。故选D。 9．句意：对当地人来说，刷他们的房子已经成为一种传统。 our我们的；his他的；her她的；their他们的。根据主语“the local people”为复数群体，对应物主代词用their。故选D。 10．句意：他们把房子刷成亮色，这样渔民在雾中能清楚地看到自己的房子。 hardly几乎不；loudly大声地；clearly清楚地；carelessly粗心地。根据原文“They painted their houses in bright colours so that the fishermen could see their houses in the fog”可知亮色的作用是提升能见度，让渔民看得更清楚。故选C。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 7 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Amazing nature 环境与自然 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 252 本文介绍了阿拉善盟面临沙漠化威胁时，当地人通过飞机播种、植树造林等方式治理沙漠，最终改善了生态环境。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 218 本文讲述了右玉县石炮沟地区王占峰及其父辈祖辈三代人参与植树造林运动。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 226 本文阐述了地球为人类提供生存所需，但人类却在破坏森林、污染水源、捕杀动物，导致地球面临巨大危险，呼吁人类意识到错误并保护地球。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 190 本文介绍了树木之间独特的交流方式。 Passage3 语篇填空 记叙文 202 本文讲述了艾米的生日恰逢世界地球日，今年她希望过不一样的生日。 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 205 本文介绍了意大利布拉诺岛以色彩斑斓的房子闻名。 时文阅读 Passage 1 In the 1980s, people in Alshaa League, where the three big deserts are located, had a problem. Sand from the deserts was coming close to the Yellow River and the Helan Mountains. Some people left. Some people stayed and tried different ways to save their homes. 上世纪80年代，位于三大沙漠交汇处的阿拉善盟面临着严峻的生态挑战。肆虐的风沙不断逼近黄河与贺兰山脉，迫使部分居民背井离乡。然而，仍有一群坚守故土的人，以不同方式守护家园。 One person, Liu Hongyi, stayed and had an idea. He and his friends used planes to sow (播种) seeds of trees and grass to stop the sand. They worked hard, even in the hot desert. At the beginning, the trees grew well, but later, not so much. So, they tried different trees. 刘宏义便是其中之一。他与同伴们开创性地采用飞机播种技术，在沙漠腹地撒下草木种子。尽管初期成效显著，但随着时间推移，苗木成活率逐渐下降。他们并未气馁，而是不断调整树种，探索适应当地环境的治沙方案。 Since 1982, about 470,000 hectares of land in the league have been planted trees. These trees stopped the expansion (扩张) of the deserts. 自1982年以来，阿拉善盟累计造林约47万公顷，成功遏制了沙漠扩张的势头。 Now, more land has trees, about 8%. Grass has also increased from 15% to 23%. People in Alshaa have more money now. Over 30,000 farmers and herders (牧民) earn between 30,000 and 50,000 yuan each year. They plant tasty things like suo suo, sandy grapes, and black fruit goji berries. 如今，全盟植被覆盖率提升至8%，草场覆盖率由15%增长到23%。生态改善带来经济效益，逾3万农牧民年收入达到3至5万元，种植的梭梭、沙地葡萄和黑果枸杞等经济作物广受欢迎。 People like to visit Alshaa now. They see the cool deserts, lakes, springs, and old temples (寺庙). The Badain Jaran Desert is a fun place for visitors. 如今的阿拉善已成为旅游胜地。游客们既能领略大漠风光，又能欣赏湖泊泉水和古老寺庙的独特景致。巴丹吉林沙漠更是成为热门旅游目的地。 There’s even a big campsite (露营地) for people who like to drive. It’s like a fun adventure (冒险) land with campsites, houses, and even places for cooking outside. People can have a great time there. 新建的大型露营地为自驾爱好者提供了帐篷营地、度假屋和户外烹饪区等设施，宛如充满野趣的冒险乐园。 【长难句分析】 1. In the 1980s, people in Alshaa League, where the three big deserts are located, had a problem. 翻译： 上世纪80年代，位于三大沙漠交汇处的阿拉善盟面临着严峻的生态挑战。 重点： 这个句子的主干是“people...had a problem”（人们遇到了难题）。 “in the 1980s”是时间状语。“in Alshaa League”是介词短语作定语，修饰people，说明是哪里的人们。“where the three big deserts are located”是一个定语从句，修饰Alshaa League，说明阿拉善盟的位置特点。 2. 原句： They plant tasty things like suo suo, sandy grapes, and black fruit goji berries. 翻译： 他们种植一些美味的作物，比如梭梭、沙地葡萄和黑果枸杞。 重点： 这个句子的主干是“They plant tasty things”（他们种植美味的作物）。“like suo suo, sandy grapes, and black fruit goji berries”是介词短语作举例，用“like”（比如）来具体说明他们种植了哪些美味的植物。 3. It’s like a fun adventure land with campsites, houses, and even places for cooking outside. 翻译： 它就像一个有趣的冒险乐园，里面有露营地、房子，甚至还有户外烹饪的地方。 分析： 这个句子的主干是“It’s like a fun adventure land”（它像一个有趣的冒险乐园）。“with campsites, houses, and even places...”是介词短语作定语，修饰adventure land，具体描述了这个乐园里有些什么设施。“for cooking outside”是介词短语作定语，修饰places，说明这些地方是用来做什么的。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. desert /ˈdɛzərt/ (n.) 沙漠 2. locate /ˈloʊkeɪt/ (v.) 位于；确定…的位置 （常用被动语态 be located 坐落于） 3. sow /soʊ/ (v.) 播种 4. seed /siːd/ (n.) 种子 5. expansion /ɪkˈspænʃən/ (n.) 扩张；扩大 6. increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ (v.) 增加；增长 7. earn   /ɜːrn/ (v.) 挣（钱）；赚得 8. tasty /ˈteɪsti/ (adj.) 美味的；可口的 9. temple /ˈtempəl/ (n.) 寺庙 10. campsite  ˈkæmpsaɪt/ (n.) 露营地 11. adventure /ədˈventʃər/ (n.) 冒险；奇遇 12. even  /ˈiːvən/ (adv.) 甚至；即使 （用于加强语气） Passage 2 A county in the faraway mountains has helped turn a dry, empty deep valley (山谷) into the forests where different kinds of trees grow well. This change happened in one of the places where few people could live. 一个地处偏远山区的县，将一片干旱空旷的深谷变成了各类树木繁茂生长的森林。这场巨变发生在一个曾经人迹罕至的地方。 You’d never know what it was like before if you passed through the Shipaogou area. That’s where Wang Zhanfeng lives. The land there is covered with grass and trees. It looks totally different from before. 如果你现在经过石炮沟地区，绝不会想到它以前的样子。王占峰就住在这里。如今这里的土地遍布草木，与从前截然不同。 “In my childhood, we had to cover our bowls while eating. If not, the bowls would be filled with sand,” Wang told China Daily. “小时候吃饭，我们得用手捂着碗，不然碗里就会落满沙子，”王占峰在接受《中国日报》采访时这样回忆道。 Wang, his father, and his grandfather all took part in the tree-planting movement in Youyu county. The villagers said no to what nature seemed to give them. Instead, they started trying to use a new and hard way to plant trees. 王占峰与他的父亲、祖父都参与了右玉县的植树造林运动。村民们没有向大自然的"馈赠"低头，而是开始尝试用全新的、艰难的方式植树造林。 The soil there was dry and couldn't hold water. So it wasn’t easy to just plant trees where the villagers needed them most. Instead, the villagers grew young trees on the nearby hillsides. And they also watered each tree by hand. 那里的土壤干燥且无法涵养水分，因此在村民最需要的地方直接种树并非易事。村民们转而先在附近的山坡上培育树苗，并且每一棵树都靠人工浇水。 After people planted trees for many years, great changes have taken place in Youyu county. It is now a big center for raising horses. The local economy also gets help from sheep wool, fruit, and tourism. 经过多年的植树造林，右玉县发生了翻天覆地的变化。如今，这里已成为一个重要的养马基地。当地经济也得益于羊毛、水果和旅游业的发展。 【长难句分析】 1. A county in the faraway mountains has helped turn a dry, empty deep valley into the forests where different kinds of trees grow well. 翻译： 一个地处偏远山区的县，将一片干旱空旷的深谷变成了各类树木繁茂生长的森林。 重点： 这个句子的主干是 “A county...has helped turn...into...”（一个县帮助把……变成了……）。 “in the faraway mountains”是介词短语作定语，修饰county，说明是哪个县。 “where different kinds of trees grow well”是一个定语从句，修饰forests，说明是什么样的森林。 2. The villagers said no to what nature seemed to give them. 翻译： 村民们没有向大自然的“馈赠”低头。 分析： 这个句子的主干是 “The villagers said no to...”（村民们对……说不）。 “what nature seemed to give them”是一个宾语从句，作介词to的宾语，说明了村民们拒绝的是什么——这里指恶劣的自然环境。理解这句话需要结合上下文：大自然给他们的不是沃土，而是风沙。 3. After people planted trees for many years, great changes have taken place in Youyu county. 翻译： 经过多年的植树造林，右玉县发生了翻天覆地的变化。 分析： “After people planted trees for many years”是时间状语从句，说明变化发生的时间背景。句子的主干是 “great changes have taken place”（巨大的变化发生了），这是一个现在完成时的句子，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。“in Youyu county”是地点状语。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. faraway /ˈfɑːrəweɪ/ (adj.) 遥远的；远方的 2. valley /ˈvæli/ (n.) 山谷；峡谷 3. cover /ˈkʌvər/ (v.) 覆盖；遮盖 4. fill /fɪl/ (v.) 充满；装满 5. movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ (n.) 运动；活动 6. soil /sɔɪl/ (n.) 土壤；土地 7. water /ˈwɔːtər/ (v.) 给……浇水；灌溉 8. change /tʃeɪndʒ/ (n.) 变化；改变 9. take place /teɪk pleɪs/ (v.短语) 发生；举行 10. local /ˈloʊkəl/ (adj.) 当地的；本地的 11. economy /ɪˈkɑːnəmi/ (n.) 经济 12. tourism /ˈtʊrɪzəm/ (n.) 旅游业；观光 实战演练 Passage 1 （25-26七年级下·辽宁沈阳·开学考试） The Earth is a beautiful place. It provides us with food, water, air and the place to live. But we humans are slowly destroying (破坏) it. Humans have destroyed one-tenth of the Earth’s forests in the last 25 years according to a new study. Humans are cutting down trees for different reasons, such as building houses or farming. These forests clean the air and provide rain for the world. If we don’t stop cutting them down, all the forests on the Earth will be destroyed badly in less than 100 years. Also, we are putting our rubbish into rivers and lakes. Some of the rubbish is bad for plants and animals in the water. Factories pour their dirty water into the rivers before it is cleaned. As a result, there is less and less clean water for people to drink. What’s worse, a lot of animals are killed by humans. Some people kill them for food or clothes. Others hunt them for money. Many animals lose their homes because of human activities. Since humans came to the Earth, 1,000 species (物种) have gone. Nearly 20,000 plants and animals are in danger of dying out. Today our Earth is in great danger. So it is time that we humans should realize our mistakes and do some things to protect the Earth. 1．Which is one of the reasons for humans to destroy the forests? A．To find trees. B．To make clothes. C．To build houses. D．To hunt animals. 2．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①→②③→④→⑤ B．①→②③④→⑤ C．①②→③④→⑤ D．①→②→③④⑤ 3．What will the writer probably talk about following the last paragraph? A．Why we can protect the Earth. B．How we can realize our mistakes. C．What we can do to protect the Earth. D．Where we can go if we leave the Earth. 4．In which part of a magazine can we read the text? A．History. B．Science. C．Health. D．Nature. Passage2 People usually use their mouths and also some body language to talk with each other. When we have good news, we want to talk about it with our good friends and when something bad happens, we make it known to others soon. But do you know that trees can talk about news with each other too? Of course, no tree moves lips and says words just as people do. It may sound strange, but some trees really try to talk with each other in other ways. Willows are the best-known of these trees. When insects begin biting (叮) a willow, the tree sends out a special smell at once. This smell tells the other willows that harmful insects are coming near. All of them quickly make a chemical (化学品) in their leaves. This chemical is bad for the insects. The insects do not like it and will fly away soon. In this way, the willows protect themselves from the insects. The next time when you take a walk in the woods, maybe the trees are talking to each other quietly. How magical nature is! 1．What can we know from the first paragraph? A．Some people can talk with some trees. B．Some trees can say words just as people do. C．Trees also have lips and say words to others. D．Some trees can talk with each other in other ways. 2．What does a willow use to talk? A．Its smell. B．Its leaves. C．Its branches. D．Its fruit. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．The leaf. B．The chemical. C．The tree. D．The insect. 4．What is the right order of the following according to the passage? a. The willow tree gives out a smell. b. The willow trees make a chemical in their leaves. c. Insects fly away because of the chemical. d. Insects begin biting a willow tree. A．d-a-c-b B．a-c-d-b C．d-a-b-c D．a-c-b-d Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏徐州·月考）阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 “I just want to have a different birthday party today!” Amy says to 1 (she) parents. Amy’s birthday is on Earth Day (世界地球日), April 22nd. Every year, her parents have a party for her. At the party, Amy and her friends are busy with some 2 (activity) like recycling bottles (回收瓶子) and planting trees. 3 (this) things are fun for them. But today, on Amy’s 4 (fourteen) birthday, she 5 (real) wants to do something different. “So how about 6 (go) to Disneyland, my dear?” Amy’s mom asks her. “Wow! It 7 (sound) good,” Amy’s dad says. “Yeah, I’d love to,” Amy says. “ 8 can we go?” “Now!” Amy’s parents say. At ten in the morning, Amy gets to the parking lot (停车场) of Disneyland with her parents and friends. She isn’t happy to see many old bottles there, 9 she collects them with her friends. In a short time, the parking lot gets clean and tidy with Amy and her 10 (friend) hard work. At this time, an old man gives an ice-cream to each of them. With the ice-cream, they run to Disneyland happily. Passage 4 Burano is a beautiful island in Italy. It is probably one of the most colourful places in the world. It is popular 1 visitors from all over the world. Lots of visitors 2 to visit it when they are free. When you visit Burano, you can see lots of houses in bright colours. When you are walking here, you may think you are 3 in a fairy world (童话世界). The houses are beautiful and they 4 castles. The local people can paint their houses in bright colours, but all the houses must 5 a special colour pattern. 6 you paint your house, you must ask the government first. The government will tell you the certain colour that you can use. There are some other interesting 7 . For example, if your neighbour’s house is red, the government won’t allow you to paint your house red. You have to choose a 8 colour. For the local people, painting 9 houses has become a tradition. In the past, most of the local people were fishermen. They painted their houses in bright colours so that the fishermen could see their houses in the fog 10 . See? Colours were useful in their lives. 1．A．between B．with C．over D．of 2．A．enjoy B．choose C．dislike D．mind 3．A．walking B．climbing C．jumping D．falling 4．A．look for B．look up C．look after D．look like 5．A．lose B．follow C．forget D．point 6．A．After B．Before C．When D．Because 7．A．lessons B．rules C．prizes D．meanings 8．A．bright B．clear C．same D．different 9．A．our B．his C．her D．their 10．A．hardly B．loudly C．clearly D．carelessly 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 7 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $