第1卷-虚拟语气专项训练（原卷版+解析版）

中职英语虚拟语气知识点专项训练1 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 单项选择 1．If I should have free time, I ________ my mother with housework. A．would have helped B．would help C．should have helped D．should help 2．This computer is of good quality. If it ___________ break down within the first three months, we would repair it at our expense. A．would B．were to C．could D．might 3．If you had studied the problem carefully yesterday, ________ any difficulty now. A．you won’t find B．you would not have found C．you would not find D．you have not found 4．If I ________ one million dollars now, I would consider your suggestion. A．won B．had won C．would won D．would have won 5．I don’t know why she is looking at me as if she ________ me. I’ve never seen her before in my life. A．know B．knows C．had known D．knew 6．She described her future career in such detail, as if she ________ it for a long time, and she is convinced that at this time next year, she ________ in a renowned international company. A．experienced, works B．would experience, is working C．has experienced, will work D．had experienced, will be working 7．If humans had not discovered ways to cultivate crops and preserve food since the ______ of civilization, the development of large settlements and trade networks ______ impossible. A．breakthrough; could have been B．origin; should have been C．dawn; would have been D．phenomenon; might have been 8．If he _________ more careful when driving, he _________ the accident yesterday. A．had been; wouldn’t have had B．was; wouldn’t have C．were; hadn’t had D．had been; wouldn’t have 9．______ the efforts of the conservationists, many endangered species would have become extinct by now. A．Had it been for B．Had it not been for C．If they had been for D．If it had been not for 10．______ , we would have visited the museum then. A．If it does not rain B．Should it not rain C．Had it not rained D．If it has not rained 11． ____fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off. A．Would you be B．Should you be C．Could you be D．Might you be 12．Punishments would be severe, ranging from a few years in prison to the death penalty _______ a person be caught carrying drugs. A．should B．would C．could D．might 13．If they had informed us, we ___________ here now. A．would not come B．would have come C．will not come D．may not come 14．Lucas failed his driving test again. ________ harder, he ______ the test now. A．If he practiced; would pass B．Had he practiced; would pass C．Did he practiced; would have passed D．Should he practice; would have passed 15．Linda ________ the experiment a month ago but changed her mind at the last minute, otherwise she ________ important data by now. A．started; would collect B．was to start; would have collected C．would start; collected D．was to start; would be collecting 16．Yesterday, the storm delayed us. ________ the storm we would have been here in time. A．If it were not for B．But for C．Unless D．But that 17．________ the fog, we should have reached our school. A．Because of B．In spite of C．In case of D．But for 18．If only I ________ her advice that I book an air ticket in advance. I ________ a slight change in schedule could have such a strong influence on my travel plan. A．followed; don’t expect B．have followed; didn’t expect C．followed; hadn’t expected D．had followed; didn’t expect 19． you succeed! A．Can B．May C．Must D．Will 20．In their family, it is required that one ______ supporting each other’s dreams. A．mustn’t gives in B．should give in C．not give up D．cannot give up 21．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it __________. A．was broken B．has broken C．were broken D．had been broken 22．It is important that you ________ the rules when doing experiments in the lab. A．following B．followed C．follow D．will follow 23．It’s a pity that such a talent as Jerry ______ leave his favourite work in that company. A．need B．could C．should D．may 24．It is recommended that the machine ______ once a year. A．was checked B．is checked C．be checked D．must be checked 25．— I went to see that hit film last night, which was deeply moving! — You were so lucky! How I wish I the ticket too. A．would get B．were getting C．got D．had got 26．We wish we________ harder when at school. A．study B．have study C．will study D．had studied 27．George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he ________ more on its culture. A．focused B．would have focused C．would focus D．had focused 28．Where ________ after taking this interesting mid-term examination? A．you suggest should we go B．you suggest we should go C．do you suggest we should go D．do you suggest should we go 29．I insisted that he to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he quiet well then. A．was sent; felt B．be sent; feel C．be sent; was feeling D．was sent; felt 30．The doctor suggested that he ________ this medicine three times a day. A．takes B．took C．take D．had taken 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 中职英语虚拟语气知识点专项训练1 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 单项选择 1．If I should have free time, I ________ my mother with housework. A．would have helped B．would help C．should have helped D．should help 【答案】B 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我有空闲时间，我会帮妈妈做家务。题干中“If I should have free time”是虚拟语气的条件从句，结构为“if+主语+should+动词原形”，表示对将来情况的假设，虚拟语气的主句需用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”，D选项 “should”在虚拟主句中语气偏“应该”，不如“would”（表示“会”）更贴合语境，故选B。 2．This computer is of good quality. If it ___________ break down within the first three months, we would repair it at our expense. A．would B．were to C．could D．might 【答案】B 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这台电脑质量很好。如果它在头三个月内坏了，我们将免费为您修理。根据“we would repair it at our expense.”可知,此处表示与将来事实相反的假设，从句谓语用过去式（be用were）/were to do/should do，主句谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形，故B项正确。 3．If you had studied the problem carefully yesterday, ________ any difficulty now. A．you won’t find B．you would not have found C．you would not find D．you have not found 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：你昨天仔细研究了这个问题，那现在就不会遇到任何困难。前半句是对过去事实的虚拟，从句使用过去完成时态(had studied)；后半句是对现在情况的虚拟，主句使用过去将来时态(would not find)。故选C。 4．If I ________ one million dollars now, I would consider your suggestion. A．won B．had won C．would won D．would have won 【答案】A 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我现在赢了一百万美元，我会考虑你的建议。根据“I would consider your suggestion”可知，句子为虚拟语气。根据now可知，if条件句中应用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，应用一般过去时。故选A。 5．I don’t know why she is looking at me as if she ________ me. I’ve never seen her before in my life. A．know B．knows C．had known D．knew 【答案】D 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我不知道她为什么看着我，好像她认识我一样。我这辈子从没见过她。根据“I’ve never seen her before in my life.”可知，as if引导的方式从句表达的是与现在事实相反的假设，谓语动词使用一般过去时，故选D项。 6．She described her future career in such detail, as if she ________ it for a long time, and she is convinced that at this time next year, she ________ in a renowned international company. A．experienced, works B．would experience, is working C．has experienced, will work D．had experienced, will be working 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态、虚拟语气。句意：她把自己的未来职业描述得如此详细，就好像她已经经历过很长时间了，而且她确信，明年的这个时候，她将会在一家著名的国际公司工作。第一个空，experience“经历”，根据described可知，as if引导的方式状语从句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，时态用过去完成时，谓语用had experienced。第二个空，work“工作”，at this time next year表示将来的具体时间点，且句子描述的是该时间点正在进行的动作，时态用将来进行时，表示“明年的这个时候，她将会在一家著名的国际公司工作”，谓语用will be working。故选D。 7．If humans had not discovered ways to cultivate crops and preserve food since the ______ of civilization, the development of large settlements and trade networks ______ impossible. A．breakthrough; could have been B．origin; should have been C．dawn; would have been D．phenomenon; might have been 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析和虚拟语气。句意：如果人类从文明初期就没有发现种植作物和保存食物的方法，那么大型聚居点和贸易网络的发展是不可能的。 第一空：根据上文“If humans had not discovered ways to cultivate crops and preserve food(如果人类没有发现种植作物和保存食物的方法)”可推理出空白处应填表示“开端；黎明”含义的表达，dawn “开端；黎明”的意思，“since the dawn of civilization”表示“从文明的开端”，符合语境；breakthrough 意为“突破”；origin意为“起源；出身”；phenomenon意为“现象”，均不符合语境，所以第一空填dawn。 第二空：此句是对过去情况的虚拟，if 引导的条件句用过去完成时，主句要用“would/could/might have done”结构，故选C项。 8．If he _________ more careful when driving, he _________ the accident yesterday. A．had been; wouldn’t have had B．was; wouldn’t have C．were; hadn’t had D．had been; wouldn’t have 【答案】A 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他开车时再小心一点，昨天就不会出车祸了。根据后文yesterday可知表示对过去情况相反的虚拟，主句用would、should、could+have done，从句用过去完成时。故选A。 9．______ the efforts of the conservationists, many endangered species would have become extinct by now. A．Had it been for B．Had it not been for C．If they had been for D．If it had been not for 【答案】B 【详解】考查虚拟条件句的倒装。句意 ：要不是因为保护主义者们的努力，许多濒危物种到现在就已经灭绝了。分析句子结构可知，“the efforts of the conservationists”是条件状语从句，而“many endangered species would have become extinct by now”是主句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以从句应该使用过去完成时，如果从句中有“if”，从句的结构是“If+主语+had+done”。但是在虚拟条件句中，可以省略if，并将had提到主语之前，构成倒装结构，即“had+主语+done”。根据句意，此处表示“要不是……”，应该用否定句的结构。故选B。 10．______ , we would have visited the museum then. A．If it does not rain B．Should it not rain C．Had it not rained D．If it has not rained 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果当时不下雨，我们就去参观博物馆了。此处为if引导的虚拟语气，根据主句的时间状语then以及谓语动词would have visited可知，此处与过去事实相反，所以if条件句应用过去完成时，所以条件状语从句表达为if it had not rained，省略if句子应使用倒装结构，将助动词had提至句首，位于句首时had的首字母需大写，即Had it not rained。故选C。 11． ____fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off. A．Would you be B．Should you be C．Could you be D．Might you be 【答案】B 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你被解雇，你的医疗和其他福利不会立即被中断。结合选项，分析句子结构可知，这是一个与将来事实相反的虚拟语气句型。主句用would (not)+动词原形（be ），从句应用“主语+should+ 动词原形”，如从句省略if 则要用倒装语序，即should 提到主语you之前。故选B项。 12．Punishments would be severe, ranging from a few years in prison to the death penalty _______ a person be caught carrying drugs. A．should B．would C．could D．might 【答案】A 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果发现有人携带毒品，将会受到严厉的惩罚，从几年的监禁到死刑不等。因为与将来事实相反，所以从句用if +主语 + should + do。此处为省略if的虚拟语气的倒装，从句should a person be caught carrying drugs = if a person should be caught carrying drugs。故选A。 【点睛】虚拟语气的倒装：当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should，could等动词时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，could 等词移至句首。本题分析为考查虚拟语气后，先判断与将来事实相反，且主句在前，从句在后。从句为省略if的虚拟语气的倒装，从句should a person be caught carrying drugs = if a person should be caught carrying drugs，从而选出正确的答案。 13．If they had informed us, we ___________ here now. A．would not come B．would have come C．will not come D．may not come 【答案】A 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们通知我们，我们现在就不会来了。本句属于错综条件句，从句与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符，所以主句谓语用would /could/should/might(not)+动词原形，故A项正确。 【点睛】错综条件句是虚拟语气的一大难点，主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定，例如本题，句意：如果他们通知我们，我们现在就不会来了。从句与过去事实相反，而“here”表明主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符，所以主句谓语用would /could/should/might(not)+动词原形。 14．Lucas failed his driving test again. ________ harder, he ______ the test now. A．If he practiced; would pass B．Had he practiced; would pass C．Did he practiced; would have passed D．Should he practice; would have passed 【答案】B 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：卢卡斯又没通过驾驶考试。如果他再努力些，他现在就能通过考试了。此处是省略if的非真实条件句，是错综条件句，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时态；主句与现在事实相反，用would+动词原形。故选B。 【点睛】If引导的虚拟语气： 1.表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） 2.表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） 3.表示与将来事实相反 从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能） If条件句如果把if省略，则把were/should和助动词had提到主语的前面。 15．Linda ________ the experiment a month ago but changed her mind at the last minute, otherwise she ________ important data by now. A．started; would collect B．was to start; would have collected C．would start; collected D．was to start; would be collecting 【答案】B 【详解】考查不定式，时态，主谓一致和虚拟语气。句意：琳达本打算在一个月前开始这项实验，但在最后一刻改变了主意，否则她现在早就收集到重要的数据了。由“a month ago but changed her mind”可知，句子表示“琳达本打算在一个月前开始这项实验，但在最后一刻改变了主意”，第一空用不定式表打算，由changed可知，时态是一般过去时，主语Linda是单数，因此第一空是was to start；otherwise意为“否则”，第二空是含蓄虚拟条件句，空格处用“情态动词+have done”，句子表示“否则她现在早就收集到重要的数据了”，空格处的情态动词用would，因此第二空是would have collected。故选B。 16．Yesterday, the storm delayed us. ________ the storm we would have been here in time. A．If it were not for B．But for C．Unless D．But that 【答案】B 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：昨天，暴风雨耽搁了我们。要不是暴风雨，我们早就到了。首先观察选项，C、D两项后接句子，故排除；根据句意可知，句子表达的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，而A项If it were not for是对现在或将来的虚拟，因此也排除；根据虚拟语气的用法，but for+短语表达的虚拟语气，如果与现在或将来事实相反，主句谓语动词使用would等情态动词+动词原形；如果与过去事实相反，主句谓语动词使用would等情态动词+have done，本句主句谓语动词使用了would have done，故选B项。 17．________ the fog, we should have reached our school. A．Because of B．In spite of C．In case of D．But for 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。A.Because of由于，因为；B.In spite of 尽管；C.In case of以防，万一；D.But for 要不是，but for通常用于含蓄条件句中，相当于if条件句的用法，主句中使用虚拟语气。根据后句“we should have reached our school（我们本应该到了学校）”可知，要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。故选D。 18．If only I ________ her advice that I book an air ticket in advance. I ________ a slight change in schedule could have such a strong influence on my travel plan. A．followed; don’t expect B．have followed; didn’t expect C．followed; hadn’t expected D．had followed; didn’t expect 【答案】D 【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：要是我听从她的建议提前订机票就好了。我没有想到日程上的一点小小的改变会对我的旅行计划产生如此大的影响。A. followed听从；don’t expect没预想到；B. have followed听从；didn’t expect没预想到；C. followed听从；hadn’t expected没预想到；D. had followed听从；didn’t expect没预想到。分析可知，第一个空所在句为“If only”虚拟语气句式，且结合语境可知，应是与过去事实相反的虚拟，因此，应用“had done”，即，“had followed”。第二个空所在句在陈述过去发生的事，应是陈述句语气，用一般过去时，即，“didn’t expect”。故选D项。 19． you succeed! A．Can B．May C．Must D．Will 【答案】B 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：祝你成功!A. Can能；B. May可以，但愿；C. Must必须；D. Will希望。may放在句首，也是虚拟语气的一种，表示“祝愿、但愿”。故选B。 【点睛】情态动词may的用法 一、表可能性 这是may最基本的含义，表示有可能但不肯定，也就是“也许、可能”。否定形式是may not，意思是may not，意为“也许不、可能不”。情态动词里还有can和could也可以表示可能性，但它们会更有怀疑和犹豫之意。而may一般是推测较大的可能性。 E.g. Li Hua didn’t go to school, he may be sick. 李华今天没去学校，可能是生病了。 二、征求同意或表示允许 may有时也可以代替can表示允许，但may更多用在正式说法中。英国人经常用can，而美国人则用may更多。要注意的是，当may处于这种用法时，否定形式不能说may not，应该说can’t或者mustn’t。 Eg. May I borrow your rule for a while?我能借一下你的尺子吗？ 三、礼貌地评价或提问 may的这个用法可能很多人不知道，may可以用在句中也可以放在句首表示说话人对某一事物的看法或评价，也可以用来提问他人。当表示询问他人时，语气比较没有把握，但如果在间接句中只能用might不能用may。 Eg. May I ask you about your family?我能问一下你的家庭情况吗？ 四、表示愿望 may可以放在句首表示对他人的祈愿或者祝福，多用在正式场合，类似宗教做礼拜、婚礼上。 E.g. May you both be very happy in whole life.愿你们一生都幸福。 五、表示目的 当may表目的的时候通常都会跟在so that或in order to后面，如果要表示过去的目的，把may改成might就行了。 E.g. He work hard so that he may promote and increase salary.他努力工作为了升职加薪。 六、和as well搭配 may as well是很常见的词组，意思是“不妨、倒不如”，通常后面要加喻体和本体。感情色彩较为消极，有时就等同于had better。 E.g. We may as well buy tickets a week in advance.我们最好提前一个星期买票。 20．In their family, it is required that one ______ supporting each other’s dreams. A．mustn’t gives in B．should give in C．not give up D．cannot give up 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气与动词短语辨析。句意：在他们家，要求每个人都不能放弃支持彼此的梦想。分析句子结构可知，在it is required that... 结构中，that从句需用虚拟语气，谓语动词用 (should) do 形式，should可省略。其否定形式为 (should) not do。而give up意为“放弃”，give in意为“屈服、让步”。本句强调“不放弃支持彼此梦想”，give up符合语义。综上，C项符合语法规则与语境。故选C项。 21．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it __________. A．was broken B．has broken C．were broken D．had been broken 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：当铅笔的一部分浸在盛水的玻璃杯中的时候，铅笔看上去好像断了。分析句子可知，as if引导的从句内容与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。由句意可知，铅笔看起来好像断了，但实际上铅笔并未断，上文陈述的也是现在事实，所以此处与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时态，be动词要用were。故选C项。 22．It is important that you ________ the rules when doing experiments in the lab. A．following B．followed C．follow D．will follow 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：在实验室做实验时遵守规则是很重要的。在句型“it be+important+that从句”中，that引导的主语从句谓语部分应用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可以省略，所以空处应用动词原形follow。故选C。 23．It’s a pity that such a talent as Jerry ______ leave his favourite work in that company. A．need B．could C．should D．may 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：像杰瑞这样的人才竟然离开了他最喜欢的工作，真是太遗憾了。“It is a pity+that从句”意为“竟然；居然”时，表示出乎意料的事情，that后的从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”。故选C。 24．It is recommended that the machine ______ once a year. A．was checked B．is checked C．be checked D．must be checked 【答案】C 【详解】考查主语从句虚拟语气。句意：建议每年对机器进行一次检查。It is recommended that...(建议)后接主语从句，从句谓语用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”，从句主语the machine和从句谓语动词check是被动关系，用(should) be checked，故选C项。 25．— I went to see that hit film last night, which was deeply moving! — You were so lucky! How I wish I the ticket too. A．would get B．were getting C．got D．had got 【答案】D 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——我昨晚去看了那部卖座电影，非常感人！——你真幸运！我真希望我也有这张票。I wish后是不能实现的愿望，由last night可知，句子表达过去不能实现的愿望，时态用过去完成时，因此空格处是had got。故选D。 26．We wish we________ harder when at school. A．study B．have study C．will study D．had studied 【答案】D 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们要是在学校时学习更努力就好了。wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，结合语境和when at school判断此处是与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。故选D。 27．George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he ________ more on its culture. A．focused B．would have focused C．would focus D．had focused 【答案】A 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：乔治将要讲述他的国家的地理，但我宁愿他更关注它的文化。此处考查would rather+从句，从句用虚拟语气，表示“宁愿，希望……”，从句谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表过去的愿望。前半句中is going to talk about可知，动作发生于将来，故would rather后的从句用一般过去时。故选A项。 28．Where ________ after taking this interesting mid-term examination? A．you suggest should we go B．you suggest we should go C．do you suggest we should go D．do you suggest should we go 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子语序。句意：参加完这次有趣的期中考试后，你建议我们去哪里？Where引导的是特殊疑问句，其后跟一般疑问句语序，即do you suggest，suggest后跟的是宾语从句，要用陈述句语序，因此空格处是do you suggest we should go。故选C。 29．I insisted that he to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he quiet well then. A．was sent; felt B．be sent; feel C．be sent; was feeling D．was sent; felt 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：我坚持要马上送他去医院，但他坚持说他当时感觉很好。第一空insist表示要求，所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略，且he与send构成被动关系，故排除A、D选项；第二空根据后文then可知指过去某个时刻动作正在进行应用过去进行时。故选C。 30．The doctor suggested that he ________ this medicine three times a day. A．takes B．took C．take D．had taken 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议他一天吃三次这种药。动词suggest作为“建议”之意时，后接宾语从句。从句用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $