Unit 8--第二课时（内文）-【学导练】2026年八年级下册英语课件PPT（人教版）

该初中英语课件围绕Unit 8 "Making a Difference"主题，核心知识点为现在完成时（含延续性动词转换、for/since用法及have been to/ gone to/ been in区别），结合志愿服务语境。课堂通过Big Question "Why should we help others?"导入，课前预习的核心单词、短语及典型句子为基础，名师点拨系统讲解语法，形成从基础到应用的学习支架，衔接前后知识。 其亮点在于主题与语法深度融合，以动物收容所、养老院志愿者对话等真实情境学习现在完成时，提升语言能力；项目活动“建立志愿者小组”引导探究帮助意义，培养文化意识与思维品质。分层练习（课前预习、课堂小测、BuddyBall语篇专练）助力学习能力提升，学生能在情境中掌握语法，教师可借助系统资源高效教学。

英语 八年级 下册 配人教版 返回目录 Unit 8 Making a Difference 返回目录 返回目录 第二课时 Section A (Grammar Focus) 返回目录 目 录 CONTENTS 01 课前预习 02 名师点拨 03 课堂小测 04 课后作业 返回目录 课前预习 核心单词 核心单词 名词 1. 军队 ______________ 2. 军人；士兵 ______________ 3. 慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业 ______________ army soldier charity 返回目录 形容词 4. 小学教育的；首要的 ______________ 副 词 5. 热情地；温暖地 ______________ primary warmly 返回目录 常考短语 6. 很长时间 __________________________ 7. 担任;以……身份工作 __________________________ 8. ……成员之一 __________________________ 9. 分担工作；帮忙做 __________________________ 10. 运动赛事 __________________________ for a long time work as a member of help out sports event 返回目录 典型句子 11. ——你之前去过我们的动物收容所吗？ ——没有，我还没去过。不过我有个朋友在这里做志愿者已经很久了。 —______________________ our animal shelter before? —_____________， ______________. But one of my friends has volunteered here _________________________. Have you been to No I haven't for a long time 返回目录 12. ——她做过志愿工作吗？ ——是的，她做过。自去年八月以来，她就在一家养老院做志愿者。 —____________________________ volunteer work? —______________， ______________. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home _________________________. Has she ever done Yes she has since last August 返回目录 名师点拨 现在完成时（二） 5 一、概述 1.现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在，其常见标志词为for或since。 常见结构如下: （1）for+时间段。如： He has lived here for 16 years.他住在这里有16年了。 返回目录 （2）since+时间段+ago=for+时间段；since+过去某个时间点；since+从句。如： He has lived here since 16 years ago.他从16年前起就住在这里了。 He has lived here since 1991.他从1991年起就住在这里了。 He has lived here since he was born.他从出生起就住在这里了。 2.对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问常用how long。如： —How long has Mary been a teacher?玛丽做老师多久了？ —Since two years ago. / For two years.两年了。 返回目录 二、延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法 1.for 或 since 引导的时间状语均表示一段时间，故含有这些时间状语的简单句或复合句中的主句表肯定时，其谓语动词必须用延续性动词。如： Kate has left Beijing for two days.（×） Kate has been away from Beijing for two days.（√） 返回目录 以上两个例句中，leave为非延续性动词，故不能与时间段for two days连用。而与leave意义一致的be away from则表示延续的状态，可以与时间段连用。 2. 常见的非延续性动词和延续性动词的相互转换。如: die→be dead open / close→be open / closed arrive in (at) / reach / get to→be in / at join→be a member of / be in start / begin→be on borrow→keep buy→have become→be 返回目录 【拓展】在完成时态的肯定句中，非延续性动词不能与for 或 since引导的时间状语连用，但在否定句中是可以的，因为一个非延续性动词一旦被否定即成为状态，而状态总是可以延续的。如： I haven't seen him for a long time. 我很久没见到他了。 He hasn't come here for some time. 他有段时间没来了。 I haven't heard from her since she left. 自从她离开以后，我一直没收到她的来信。 返回目录 三、have been to, have gone to与have been in的区别 比较项 含义及用法 举 例 have been to 意为“去过；到过”，暗含“已经回来了”之意，常与ever，never，once，twice等词连用 I have been to London twice. 我去过伦敦两次。 have gone to 意为“去了”，说话时作为句子主语的人不在现场，暗含“还没有回来”之意，通常是第三人称作主语 Her children have gone to America, and she misses them very much. 她的孩子们去了美国，她非常想念他们。 have been in 意为“在某地待了……”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，强调在某地停留了一段时间 Mr Brown has been in China for three years.布朗先生已经在中国待了3年了。 返回目录 【注意】当have been to, have gone to, have been in后面接地点副词时要去掉介词。如： I have been there three times. 我去过那里3次了。 —Where's Susan? 苏珊在哪里？ —She has gone home. 她已经回家了。 Ben has been here for three hours. 本在这里待了3个小时。 返回目录 ( )1. My sister has studied English ______ five years. A. since B. for C. in ( )2. Jack and Jim have seen several World Cup matches ______ they were children. A. till B. for C. since ( )3. Linda is my best friend. I ______ her for twenty years. A. am knowing B. have known C. has known B C B 返回目录 ( )4. Since I was born， my family ______ in the same house. A. live B. are living C. have lived ( )5. Hurry up! The movie ______ for ten minutes. A. has begun B. began C. has been on C C 返回目录 6. 根据要求完成句子，每空一词 (1)Miss Liu left an hour ago. (改为现在完成时) Miss Liu ___________ ______________ ______________ ______________ an hour. (2)He borrowed the book three days ago.(改为现在完成时) He ______________ ______________ the book ______________ three days ago. has been away for has kept since 返回目录 (3)We lived in the building after we came to the city.(改为现在完成时) We ______________ ______________ in the building ______________ we came to the city. (4)I joined the group two years ago.（改为现在完成时） I ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ the group ______________ two years. have lived since have been a member of for 返回目录 (5)I have been coughing since Friday. (就画线部分提问) ______________ ______________ have you been coughing? How long 返回目录 课堂小测 一、根据句意及所给提示，用单词的适当形式填空 1. My grandpa was in the ______________ ( ) when he was young. 2. The ______________ （士兵） received a medal for his bravery in the war. 3. All of us welcomed the new student ______________ (warm). 4. The ______________ (首要的) reason I like reading is that it can take me to different worlds. 5. Many students in our school take part in ______________（慈善事业） activities. army soldier warmly primary charity 返回目录 二、根据要求完成句子，每空一词 6. My uncle has ever played baseball for Green Team. (改为一般疑问句) ______________ your uncle ever ______________ baseball for Green Team? 7. They have been here since 2000. (就画线部分提问) ______________ ______________ have they been here？ 8. 我妹妹去过两次科技馆。(根据汉语意思完成句子) My sister ______________ ______________ ______________ the science museum twice. Has played How long has been to 返回目录 9. Her mother has been a Party member for three years. (改为同义句) Her mother ______________ the Party three years ______________. 10. I work in the school. I started working in the school when I was 22. (用since合并为一句) I ______________ ______________ in the school ______________ I was 22. joined ago have worked since 返回目录 三、小语篇专练（语法选择） BuddyBall is a program to help disabled kids do sports. ____11____ you ever heard of it before? I work as a volunteer for BuddyBall every weekend. So what does a buddy(伙伴) do? At the moment， I am a buddy for ____12____ eleven-year-old boy， Tom. ( )11. A. Have B. Has C. Had ( )12. A. a B. an C. / A B 返回目录 He has been in a wheelchair ____13____ he was five. As his buddy， I help him practise basketball. We have worked on basketball skills ____14____ a long time. When he fails to pass the ball， he is unhappy. He starts to cry and doesn't want ____15____. As his buddy， I encourage him. It's great to see how he becomes better at basketball. ( )13. A. when B. before C. since ( )14. A. in B. for C. at ( )15. A. play B. playing C. to play C B C 返回目录 此部分习题详见独立装订的《分层作业本》。请同学们完成Unit 8第二课时的练习题。 课后作业 返回目录 Thanks ! 返回目录 $