Unit 1 Science and Scientists Learning About Language 分层同步练习 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Learning About Language 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Before conducting any experiment,you must get down to 　　　　　　(do) thorough background research and planning.  2.The field of robotics is closely 　　　　　　(relate) to advancements in artificial intelligence and computer science.  3.The 　　　　　　(finding) of the scientific study suggest a connection between sleep patterns and cognitive performance.  4.　　　　　　(initial),the scientists faced a series of challenges in setting up the complex experiment.  5.The 　　　　　　(theory) framework developed by the scientist laid the foundation for understanding the behavior of the particles in the experiment.  Ⅱ.单句写作 1.我非常喜欢运动的节奏,感觉我好像在一个美丽的舞台上跳舞。 I enjoy the rhythm of the exercise a lot and I feel 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  2.我的建议是我们应该为了保护环境过低碳生活。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a low-carbon life to protect the environment.  3.关键问题是我们能否采取有效的措施来防治污染。 The key question was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to prevent pollution.  4.大学是我们应专注于某个特定专业的时候,而高中需要我们搞清楚这个专业是什么。 College is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,but high school is when we have to figure it out.  5.与人相处时,尊重他人是我们应该重视的。 Respecting others is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　when getting along with others.  Ⅲ.用恰当的引导词补全短文 The fact was 1.　　　　　　　 Wendy was a famous writer,but what no one knew was 2.　　　　　 part of the country she came from and the question remained 3.　　　　　　 she was born in 1961.What they did know was 4.　　　　　　 she was loved by poor people,and that was 5.　　　　　 she always helped whoever was in need of money.Despite this,that she was chasing fame was 6.　　　　　 some people thought.Why they were so narrow-minded was 7.　　　　　　 Wendy couldn’t understand,but it seemed 8.　　　　　　 if she didn’t care.The most important was 9.　　　　　　 she just wanted to do anything that she thought was right.She thought that was 10.　　　　　　 the meaning of life lay.  二、能力素养提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 (2025四川南充高级中学高二上月考) What kind of people can become scientists?When a group of researchers posed that question to the 9th-and 10th-graders,almost every student gave such responses as “People who work hard” or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.” Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists,citing concerns such as “I’m not good at science” and “Even if I work hard,I will not do well.” It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent. But for high school students,learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn science.Researchers at Teachers College,Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement depends on ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts. During the study,the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein,Marie Curie and Michael Faraday.Intellectual struggle stories:stories about how scientists “struggled intellectually,” such as making mistakes while addressing a scientific problem and learning from them.Life struggle stories:stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives,such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family support.Achievement stories:stories about how scientists made great discoveries,without any discussion of coexisting challenges. Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories” improved their science performance after-intervention,compared to students in the control group.The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students,for whom being exposed to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories.In addition,students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists.By recognizing a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works,the students were able to empathize (共情) with the scientists during their own struggles. 1.Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists according to the text? A.They lack interest in science. B.They are short of confidence. C.They don’t have any inborn talent. D.They don’t work hard. 2.Which stories will probably motivate students most? A.Michael Faraday was interested in chemistry and physics from a young age. B.Marie Curie got involved in aiding soldiers of World War Ⅰ. C.Marie Curie conducted the research mostly in a small,poorly built house. D.Einstein received the 1921 Nobel Prize for his work with Theoretical Physics. 3.What does the underlined word “pronounced” mean in the last paragraph? A.Noticeable. B.Slight. C.Doubtful. D.Long-lasting. 4.What can we learn from the research? A.Science ability has nothing to do with talents. B.Inspirational stories ensure students to become scientists in the future. C.The intervention has helped clear up misunderstandings of scientific work. D.Low-performing students tend to feel more connected to scientists. Ⅴ.完形填空 (2025湖南长沙一中高二上期中) “Would you say you are more of a scientist or an artist?” I always　1　 this question,particularly after I told my scientific peers (同行) that I’m 　2　 writing poetry.And I learned to 　3　,“A scientist” — not because it was necessarily 　4　,but because I sensed it would win me more 　5　 and honor from others.  After that,I wrote poems secretly,worried about being seen as less　6　 to science than others.So,when a graduate whispered “I hear you write poetry!” in my ear in the lab,I 　7　.My heart began to race.Was my cover 　8　?She went on to invite me to go to an art party and perform my work.After several days of 　9　,I decided to write a poem and 　10　.  The night of the party,I was amazed at the talent on display.　11　 with the other performers,I learned many shared my 　12　:peers might interpret the love for art as a 　13　 of passion for science.But over the course of the evening,I found myself at peace with the two different 　14　.  Since then,I have　15　 all of myself.Now if the question is addressed to me about whether I’m more of a scientist or an artist,I’ll say,“Both.”  1.A.considered B.heard C.noticed D.asked 2.A.cautious about B.capable of C.serious about D.fond of 3.A.respond B.explain C.repeat D.admit 4.A.wise B.fair C.true D.possible 5.A.support B.applause C.encouragement D.respect 6.A.attached B.devoted C.addicted D.exposed 7.A.nodded B.left C.withdrew D.froze 8.A.forgotten B.replaced C.blown D.removed 9.A.struggle B.discussion C.reference D.training 10.A.go along B.set in C.show up D.get together 11.A.Performing B.Practising C.Cooperating D.Chatting 12.A.concern B.interest C.ambition D.idea 13.A.result B.lack C.sign D.mirror 14.A.beliefs B.lives C.intentions D.identities 15.A.improved B.accepted C.challenged D.discovered 知识积累卡 一、重点单词 1.pose vt. 　　　　　　　　  2.cite v. 　　　　　　　  3.accomplished adj. 　　　　　　　　　　  二、熟词生义 1.address　本文义:vt. 　　　　　　　  其他义:n. 　　　　　  2.graduate　本文义:n. 　　　　　　　  其他义:v. 　　　　　  3.race　本文义:v.　　　　　　　　　　　  其他义:n. 　　　　　　　　  4.blow　本文义:v.　　　　　　　  其他义:v.　　　　　　　　　　　  三、词块速记 1.arise from 　　　　　　　　　  2.in the face of 　　　　　  3.compared to 　　　　　　　　  四、经典句式背诵 1.Intellectual struggle stories:stories about how scientists “struggled intellectually,” such as making mistakes while addressing a scientific problem and learning from them.(状语从句的省略) 句意:  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.But over the course of the evening,I found myself at peace with the two different identities.(find+宾语+宾语补足语) 句意:  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 五、长难句分析 The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students,for whom being exposed to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. 此句是一个复合句,for whom引导　　　　　　,修饰先行词students;who也引导　　　　　　,修饰先行词students。  句意:  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.doing　2.related　3.findings　4.Initially 5.theoretical Ⅱ.1.as if I were dancing on a beautiful stage　2.My suggestion is that we (should) live　3.whether we can take effective measures/steps　4.when we should focus on a specific major　5.what we should value Ⅲ.1.that　2.which　3.whether　4.that　5.because　6.what　7.what　8.as　9.that　10.where Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。实验发现,听取科学家努力奋斗的故事对学生成绩有积极影响,并提高了学生与科学家的认同感。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段可知,学生不能把自己想象成科学家是因为他们担忧自己不擅长科学,以及他们认为自己缺乏作为科学家的天生才能,由此可知,他们缺乏信心。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“During the study,the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein,Marie Curie and Michael Faraday.”以及“Life struggle stories:...poverty or lack of family support.”以及最后一段中的“Researchers found that students who heard either type of...to students in the control group.”可知,研究人员向学生们讲述“奋斗故事”,这样的故事最能激发学生。C项属于克服困难和挑战,努力奋斗并成功的故事。 3.A　词句猜测题。根据画线词后面的“for whom being exposed to struggling stories led to significantly better...achievement stories.”可知,阅读奋斗的故事对学生们产生的影响是显著的,因为这些学生在科学课上的表现明显较好。故画线词与A项“Noticeable(明显的)”为同义词。 4.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But for high school students,learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn science.”以及最后一段中“By recognizing a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to...the scientists during their own struggles.”可知,通过阅读科学家们的奋斗故事,增强了学生们对科学家们的认同感,能够在自己的科学研究上产生共鸣,更有动力学习科学即有助于消除对科学工作的误解——依靠天赋。 Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在面对自己身为科学家和艺术家的双重身份时的内心挣扎,以及最终接受并欣赏自己双重身份的过程。 1.B　根据下文“after I told my scientific peers”以及最后一段的“Now if the question is addressed to me about whether I’m more of a scientist or an artist,I’ll say,‘Both.’”可知,作者经常听到这个问题。 2.D　be cautious about对……小心谨慎;be capable of能够;be serious about对……是认真的;be fond of喜欢。根据下文“After that,I wrote poems secretly,”以及全文内容可知,作者喜欢写诗。 3.A　根据上文“‘Would you say you are more of a scientist or an artist?’ I always 　　　this question”可知,别人经常问这个问题;而根据空后“A scientist”可知,作者回复说自己更像个科学家。  4.C　根据下文“but because I sensed it would win me more 　　　and honor from others.”可知,作者这样回复,不是因为这是真的而是认为这样得到的荣誉更多。  5.D　根据下文的“honor from others”可知,空处和“honor”意思相近,“尊重”符合语境。 6.B　根据下文“peers might interpret the love for art as a 　　　of passion for science.”以及上文作者偷偷写诗可知,作者担心别人认为自己对科学不够投入。  7.D　根据下文的“My heart began to race.”以及上文作者偷偷写诗可知,当这个毕业生这样和作者说的时候,作者惊呆了。 8.C　根据上文“So,when a graduate whispered ‘I hear you write poetry!’ in my ear in the lab,I 　　　.My heart began to race.”可知,尽管作者偷偷写诗,还是有人知道作者在写诗。此处指的是作者的心理活动,作者在想是不是自己的伪装暴露了。  9.A　根据上文“After that,I wrote poems secretly,worried about being seen as less 　　　to science than others.”可知,作者不想让别人知道自己在写诗,所以听到这个人的邀约,作者挣扎了几天。  10.C　根据下文“The night of the party,I was amazed at the talent on display.”可知,作者最终出现在聚会上。 11.D　根据下文“I learned many shared my 　　　:peers might interpret the love for art as a 　　　of passion for science.”可推测,这些都是作者和别人聊天才了解的内容。  12.A　根据上文“After that,I wrote poems secretly,worried about being seen as less 　　　to science than others.”以及下文“peers might interpret the love for art as a 　　　of passion for science.”可知,这些都是担忧。  13.B　根据上文“After that,I wrote poems secretly,worried about being seen as less 　　　to science than others.”可知,人们总是认为喜欢艺术的人对科学不够投入,也就是缺乏热情。  14.D　根据下文“Now if the question is addressed to me about whether I’m more of a scientist or an artist,I’ll say,‘Both.’”可知,作者已经接受了自己的两种身份,既是艺术家也是科学家。 15.B　根据下文“Now if the question is addressed to me about whether I’m more of a scientist or an artist,I’ll say,‘Both.’”中的“Both”可知,作者已经接受了真正的自我。 知识积累卡 一、1.提出(问题)　2.举出,提出　3.很成功的,非常优秀的 二、1.提出　地址　2.毕业生　毕业　3.(心脏)急速跳动 比赛,赛跑　4.泄露　吹;炸坏 三、1.由……引起　2.面对　3.与……相比 四、1.智力斗争故事:关于科学家如何“智力斗争”的故事,例如在解决科学问题时犯错误并从中吸取教训。 2.但在整个晚上,我发现自己对这两种不同的身份都很平静。 五、定语从句　定语从句 对于表现较差的学生来说,这种影响尤为明显。对他们来说,与阅读成就故事的表现较差的学生相比,阅读挣扎故事的学生在科学课上的表现明显更好。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $