专题10 阅读理解（记叙文） - 【陕西省职教单招】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

【陕西省职教单招】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题10 阅读理解（记叙文） 1. 叙事要素提取与细节把握能力：学生需能够准确提取记叙文中的关键信息，包括人物、事件、时间、地点、原因、经过、结果等基本要素，并理解细节之间的逻辑关系，能够在题目中快速定位和匹配信息。 2. 人物心理与情感理解能力：学生应能通过文中人物的语言、行为、心理描写等，推断其情感态度、性格特点、动机或心理变化，理解人物之间的互动关系，并把握作者对人物的态度或评价。 3.主旨归纳与寓意提炼能力：学生需具备从叙事内容中概括中心思想、理解故事寓意或人生启示的能力，能够判断作者写作意图，理解故事所传递的价值观、文化内涵或生活道理，并能在选项中正确识别主旨表达。 2025年 In a cold winter, a couple had to move out of their big house because of bankruptcy (破产). The husband had to work day and night to support the family, so he did not have much time to take good care of his wife. Gradually, she thought that he didn’t love her anymore and he only cared about his work. One day, she wanted to take a shower, but her husband stopped her at the door. “Let me shower first, OK?” “Why not let me first?” she asked. “I am tired, sweetie. You can take it later, OK?” She was very sad. On a rainy day, she had nothing to do and turned on her husband’s computer. A few minutes later, her eyes were full of tears as she read his diary: “Today, I was very sad. When she asked me why I was always taking the shower first, I told her that I was tired and she was unhappy. I am not as rich as before. We moved to this small house and it was very cold. I found the room could get a little warmer after one person took the shower. So I rushed to the bathroom first every time. When she took the shower, the room would get warmer by 1℃ or 2℃ at least. Now I can’t give her a comfortable life or buy expensive dresses for her, but I can give her 1℃ love. ” 46. When did the couple move out of their big house? A. On a rainy day. B. In a cold winter. C. When the husband was rich. D. When the wife read her husband’s diary. 47. In the wife’s opinion, her husband no longer loved her because ________. A. he didn’t buy her beautiful clothes B. he didn’t have enough money C. he didn’t care about her D. he didn’t look after her parents 48. The woman’s eyes were full of tears because ________. A. she felt sad about her husband’s words B. the rainy day made her sad C. the computer hurt her eyes D. she was moved by what her husband had done for her 49. Why did the man want to take the shower before his wife? A. Because he was tired and wanted to sleep earlier. B. Because he wanted to make the bathroom warmer. C. Because he wasn’t as strong as before. D. Because he had nothing to do at that time. 50. We may learn from the passage that ________. A. the man loved his wife very much B. the woman didn’t love her husband C. the man was poor before D. the woman had no work April 22nd is World Earth Day — a day to remind people to protect the earth. On that day this year, our family held an activity “Bottle of Trash Challenge”. That means the trash needs to be put in a 600 ml bottle. We made the decision to challenge ourselves and produce as little trash as possible. My father worked online all day, so he didn’t produce any waste except paper napkins. He made the least trash in our family. My mother cooked dinner and produced plenty of kitchen waste, such as vegetable leaves. eggshells and food bags. What’s worse, she had to deal with all the leftovers we made after dinner. Luckily, she found a way to put it all into the bottle. How amazing! My sister, a 16-year-old student, was busy preparing for her exams. She had to use paper to work out math and physics problems. She used only one side of the paper in the past. But that day, she tried to use both sides of the paper because she realized she could challenge herself in that way. She did a good job! I was different from my sister. As a boy, I love snacks and drinks. So my trash was almost from them. I was highly alert that I must produce less waste. I hardly had snacks or drinks that day. It was too difficult, but I did it! I learnt a lot from this activity. I realized that everyone can produce less trash. We should start with small actions to protect the earth! 51. What did the writer’s family do on April 22nd this year? A They organized an activity. B. They had a trip. C. They had a picnic. D. They held a party. 52. On that day, who made the least trash? A. The writer himself. B. The writer’s father. C. The writer’s mother. D. The writer’s sister. 53. The underlined word “leftovers” in paragraph 3 means ________. A. food bags that are used to put the vegetable leaves B. food that hasn’t been eaten at the end of a meal C. waste that is produced in the kitchen D. dishes that are cooked by the writer’s mother 54. What was the writer’s sister busy doing? A. Cooking dinner. B. Playing computer games. C. Preparing for her exams. D. Working online. 55. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. The writer’s sister had less snacks and drinks. B. The writer himself used both sides of the paper. C. The writer’s father ate up all the food of the dinner. D. The writer’s mother dealt with all the leftovers herself. 2023年 Mark Twain was a famous American writer. He loved writing, hunting and fishing very much. Once he went to Maine on vacation and spent three happy weeks there. When he decided to get back, Mark Twain went to the station with his baggage (行李). After putting it on the train, he sat in a comfortable seat. A few minutes later, a man came over and sat next to him. Mark Twain looked at the man and found that he was unhappy. He thought it would be impolite to say nothing at that moment, so he said good morning to the man first and began to chat with him. They talked about the weather and then Maine. The man said, “We have some beautiful woods in Maine, and I guess you have been there, haven’t you?” “Yes, I have,” answered Mark Twain, “I have just spent three pleasant weeks there, and I’d like to tell you something: though fishing isn’t allowed in Maine this season, I’ve got two hundred pounds of beautiful fish. I like eating fish, so I put them on ice to take them home. May I know something about you, sir?” The man looked at Mark Twain for several seconds and answered, “I’m a policeman. My job is to catch people who hunt and fish during the wrong season. And what do you do?” Mark Twain answered, “Well, sir, I'm the man who tells the biggest lie in America.” 36. How long did Mark Twain stay in Maine? A. Two weeks. B. Two months. C. Three weeks. D. Three months. 37. How did Mark Twain go home? A. On foot. B. By train. C. By car. D. By plane. 38. The man in the passage was ________. A. a writer B. a policeman C. a fisherman D. a hunter 39. Mark Twain's vacation in Maine is ________. A. enjoyable B. forgettable C. unpleasant D. terrible 40. Which of the following is NOT true about Maine? A. It's a good place for vacation. B. It has beautiful woods. C. There is a railway station there. D. Fishing is allowed in Maine all year round. 2022年 I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang. It was an odd farmer. I had never met him before although I had often heard people talk about him. He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. I hadn’t the slightest idea who she was, but I obviously had to go. It had been snowing heavily that day and I didn’t know the way. I had been driving for at least an hour when I finally found his place. He was standing there, waiting for me. It seemed that Milly had died. “She meant more to me than anyone... even my wife!” he said. I could see that he had been crying. I thought something terrible had taken place, a possible scandal. I was even more shocked when he told me he had put her in the barn (牲口棚). “I wouldn’t leave her out in the cold!” he said. Milly had clearly been a secret lover of his. I was about to tell him that he could not expect me to cover anything up when he opened the barn door. He lifted his candle and I saw a dark figure on the ground. “She was such a good cow! I wouldn’t let anyone but a doctor touch her!” he said, and he burst into tears again. 46. According to the first paragraph, what happened to Milly? A. She had an accident. B. She was involved in a scandal C. She was seriously ill. D. She was hidden somewhere. 47. The underlined phrase “make out” (in Para. 1) means “ ________ ” in Chinese. A. 写出 B. 明白 C. 证明 D. 假装 48. Before reaching the farmer’s house, the writer didn’t expect to see Milly lying ________. A. on the ground of a barn B. on the floor of a room C. in a bed of a room D. in a bed of a barn 49. From the passage, we know that Milly is actually a ________. A. woman B. barn C. candle D. cow 50. The person who told the story is probably ________. A. a farmer B. a policeman C. a country doctor D. a newspaper reporter 2021年 There was once a captain who loved money so much that he cheated his sailors at the end of every voyage and took their wages. On the last day of one voyage, the ship was in a small port. It was winter time, and the seawater was very cold, so the captain said to his sailors, “If anyone of you stays in the water for the whole night, I will give him my ship. But if he comes out before the sun rises, I shall get his wages.” The sailors had heard about the captain’s cheating, so they didn’t trust him. But one of them, who thought that he was cleverer than the captain, said that he would do it. He got into the water, and, though it was very cold, he stayed in it. When it was near morning, some fishermen lit a fire on the shore about half a mile away. “You are cheating,” the captain said to the sailor, “The fire’s warming you.” “But it’s half a mile away!” said the sailor. “A fire’s fire,” answered the captain, “I have won.” The sailor came out of the water, and said,“Perhaps you think that you are clever because you have won my wages, but you can’t cook a chicken.” “I can,” answered the captain. “If you cook this chicken,” said the sailor, “I shall work for you without wages for seven years, but if you can’t, you will give me your ship.” The captain agreed. He took the chicken and asked, “Where’s the fire?” “There it is,” answered the sailor, “On the shore.” “But it’s half a mile away,” said the captain angrily. “‘A fire’s fire’, you said,” answered the sailor, “If it is enough to warm me in the water, it is enough to cook your chicken.” 46. The captain always got the sailors’ wages _____. A. by cooking a chicken B. by making a fire C. by cheating them D. by staying in the water 47. One of the sailors got into the water in order to _____. A. eat the chicken B. warm himself C. get the ship D. cheat the captain 48. The captain insisted that the fire was warming the sailor because he _____. A. didn’t want to lose his bet B. didn’t want to lose his wages C. wanted to keep his promise D. wanted to show his cleverness 49. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. The sailors didn’t trust the captain. B. The sailor didn’t get out of the water before sunrise. C. The captain failed to cheat the sailor this time. D. The fishermen made a fire to help the sailor. 50. The proper title of the story is _____. A. How to Win a Bet B. A Clever Sailor C. How to Get the Wages D. A Wise Captain ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【陕西省职教单招】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题10 阅读理解（记叙文） 1. 叙事要素提取与细节把握能力：学生需能够准确提取记叙文中的关键信息，包括人物、事件、时间、地点、原因、经过、结果等基本要素，并理解细节之间的逻辑关系，能够在题目中快速定位和匹配信息。 2. 人物心理与情感理解能力：学生应能通过文中人物的语言、行为、心理描写等，推断其情感态度、性格特点、动机或心理变化，理解人物之间的互动关系，并把握作者对人物的态度或评价。 3.主旨归纳与寓意提炼能力：学生需具备从叙事内容中概括中心思想、理解故事寓意或人生启示的能力，能够判断作者写作意图，理解故事所传递的价值观、文化内涵或生活道理，并能在选项中正确识别主旨表达。 2025年 In a cold winter, a couple had to move out of their big house because of bankruptcy (破产). The husband had to work day and night to support the family, so he did not have much time to take good care of his wife. Gradually, she thought that he didn’t love her anymore and he only cared about his work. One day, she wanted to take a shower, but her husband stopped her at the door. “Let me shower first, OK?” “Why not let me first?” she asked. “I am tired, sweetie. You can take it later, OK?” She was very sad. On a rainy day, she had nothing to do and turned on her husband’s computer. A few minutes later, her eyes were full of tears as she read his diary: “Today, I was very sad. When she asked me why I was always taking the shower first, I told her that I was tired and she was unhappy. I am not as rich as before. We moved to this small house and it was very cold. I found the room could get a little warmer after one person took the shower. So I rushed to the bathroom first every time. When she took the shower, the room would get warmer by 1℃ or 2℃ at least. Now I can’t give her a comfortable life or buy expensive dresses for her, but I can give her 1℃ love. ” 46. When did the couple move out of their big house? A. On a rainy day. B. In a cold winter. C. When the husband was rich. D. When the wife read her husband’s diary. 47. In the wife’s opinion, her husband no longer loved her because ________. A. he didn’t buy her beautiful clothes B. he didn’t have enough money C. he didn’t care about her D. he didn’t look after her parents 48. The woman’s eyes were full of tears because ________. A. she felt sad about her husband’s words B. the rainy day made her sad C. the computer hurt her eyes D. she was moved by what her husband had done for her 49. Why did the man want to take the shower before his wife? A. Because he was tired and wanted to sleep earlier. B. Because he wanted to make the bathroom warmer. C. Because he wasn’t as strong as before. D. Because he had nothing to do at that time. 50. We may learn from the passage that ________. A. the man loved his wife very much B. the woman didn’t love her husband C. the man was poor before D. the woman had no work 【答案】46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对夫妻因破产搬家后，妻子因丈夫总是先洗澡等事误解丈夫不爱自己，后来读丈夫日记知晓丈夫是为让浴室变暖、给她爱与温暖的故事。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In a cold winter, a couple had to move out of their big house because of bankruptcy (破产). (在一个寒冷的冬天，一对夫妻因破产不得不搬出他们的大房子 。)”可知，夫妻在寒冷的冬天搬出大房子。故选B。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Gradually, she thought that he didn’t love her anymore and he only cared about his work. (渐渐地，她认为他不再爱她了，他只关心他的工作 。)”可知，她觉得丈夫只关心工作，不在意她，所以认为丈夫不爱她了。故选C。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第七段“A few minutes later, her eyes were full of tears as she read his diary: (几分钟之后，她读他的日记时，眼睛里充满了泪水：)”和最后一段妻子读丈夫日记的内容，知晓丈夫每次先洗澡是为让浴室变暖，是为她做的贴心事，所以她因被丈夫为自己做的事感动而满眼泪水。故选D。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“I found the room could get a little warmer after one person took the shower. So I rushed to the bathroom first every time. (我发现一个人洗完澡后，房间会稍微暖和一点。所以我每次都先冲进浴室。 )”可知，丈夫先洗澡是想让浴室变暖。故选B。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Now I can’t give her a comfortable life or buy expensive dresses for her, but I can give her 1℃ love. (现在我无法给她舒适的生活，也无法为她买昂贵的衣服，但我可以给她1℃的爱。)”可知，丈夫非常爱他的妻子。故选A。 April 22nd is World Earth Day — a day to remind people to protect the earth. On that day this year, our family held an activity “Bottle of Trash Challenge”. That means the trash needs to be put in a 600 ml bottle. We made the decision to challenge ourselves and produce as little trash as possible. My father worked online all day, so he didn’t produce any waste except paper napkins. He made the least trash in our family. My mother cooked dinner and produced plenty of kitchen waste, such as vegetable leaves. eggshells and food bags. What’s worse, she had to deal with all the leftovers we made after dinner. Luckily, she found a way to put it all into the bottle. How amazing! My sister, a 16-year-old student, was busy preparing for her exams. She had to use paper to work out math and physics problems. She used only one side of the paper in the past. But that day, she tried to use both sides of the paper because she realized she could challenge herself in that way. She did a good job! I was different from my sister. As a boy, I love snacks and drinks. So my trash was almost from them. I was highly alert that I must produce less waste. I hardly had snacks or drinks that day. It was too difficult, but I did it! I learnt a lot from this activity. I realized that everyone can produce less trash. We should start with small actions to protect the earth! 51. What did the writer’s family do on April 22nd this year? A They organized an activity. B. They had a trip. C. They had a picnic. D. They held a party. 52. On that day, who made the least trash? A. The writer himself. B. The writer’s father. C. The writer’s mother. D. The writer’s sister. 53. The underlined word “leftovers” in paragraph 3 means ________. A. food bags that are used to put the vegetable leaves B. food that hasn’t been eaten at the end of a meal C. waste that is produced in the kitchen D. dishes that are cooked by the writer’s mother 54. What was the writer’s sister busy doing? A. Cooking dinner. B. Playing computer games. C. Preparing for her exams. D. Working online. 55. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. The writer’s sister had less snacks and drinks. B. The writer himself used both sides of the paper. C. The writer’s father ate up all the food of the dinner. D. The writer’s mother dealt with all the leftovers herself. 【答案】51. A 52. B 53. B 54. C 55. D 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述作者一家在世界地球日（4 月 22 日）开展“一瓶垃圾挑战”活动，介绍了家庭成员在活动中产生垃圾的情况及为减少垃圾做出的努力。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“April 22nd is World Earth Day — a day to remind people to protect the earth. On that day this year, our family held an activity ‘Bottle of Trash Challenge’. (4月22日是世界地球日 —— 一个提醒人们保护地球的日子。今年那天，我们家开展了一项“一瓶垃圾挑战”活动。)”可知，作者家在4月22日组织了家庭活动。故选A。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“My father worked online all day, so he didn’t produce any waste except paper napkins. He made the least trash in our family. (我的父亲整天都在网上工作，所以他除了纸巾外没有产生任何垃圾。他在我们家制造的垃圾最少。)”可知，作者的爸爸产生垃圾最少。故选B。 【53题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“My mother cooked dinner and produced plenty of kitchen waste, such as vegetable leaves. eggshells and food bags. What’s worse, she had to deal with all the leftovers we made after dinner. (我的母亲做了晚饭，产生了大量的厨房垃圾，比如蔬菜叶、蛋壳和食品袋。更糟糕的是，她还得处理我们晚饭后留下的所有……。)”，结合生活常识，晚饭后要处理的是没吃完的食物，可推测“leftovers”意思是“food that hasn’t been eaten at the end of a meal (一餐结束后没吃完的食物)”。故选B。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“My sister, a 16-year-old student, was busy preparing for her exams. (我妹妹，一个 16 岁的学生，正忙着准备考试。)”可知，妹妹忙着备考。故选C。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“My mother cooked dinner... What’s worse, she had to deal with all the leftovers we made after dinner. Luckily, she found a way to put it all into the bottle. (我的母亲做了晚饭……更糟糕的是，她不得不处理我们晚饭后留下的所有剩菜。幸运的是，她找到了一种把它们都放进瓶子里的方法。)”可知，妈妈独自处理了所有剩饭菜，D 选项正确。故选D。 2023年 Mark Twain was a famous American writer. He loved writing, hunting and fishing very much. Once he went to Maine on vacation and spent three happy weeks there. When he decided to get back, Mark Twain went to the station with his baggage (行李). After putting it on the train, he sat in a comfortable seat. A few minutes later, a man came over and sat next to him. Mark Twain looked at the man and found that he was unhappy. He thought it would be impolite to say nothing at that moment, so he said good morning to the man first and began to chat with him. They talked about the weather and then Maine. The man said, “We have some beautiful woods in Maine, and I guess you have been there, haven’t you?” “Yes, I have,” answered Mark Twain, “I have just spent three pleasant weeks there, and I’d like to tell you something: though fishing isn’t allowed in Maine this season, I’ve got two hundred pounds of beautiful fish. I like eating fish, so I put them on ice to take them home. May I know something about you, sir?” The man looked at Mark Twain for several seconds and answered, “I’m a policeman. My job is to catch people who hunt and fish during the wrong season. And what do you do?” Mark Twain answered, “Well, sir, I'm the man who tells the biggest lie in America.” 36. How long did Mark Twain stay in Maine? A. Two weeks. B. Two months. C. Three weeks. D. Three months. 37. How did Mark Twain go home? A. On foot. B. By train. C. By car. D. By plane. 38. The man in the passage was ________. A. a writer B. a policeman C. a fisherman D. a hunter 39. Mark Twain's vacation in Maine is ________. A. enjoyable B. forgettable C. unpleasant D. terrible 40. Which of the following is NOT true about Maine? A. It's a good place for vacation. B. It has beautiful woods. C. There is a railway station there. D. Fishing is allowed in Maine all year round. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. D 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了马克·吐温去缅因州度假回来发生在路上的故事，他的旁边坐了一位陌生人，他们开始聊天，马克·吐温对陌生人说虽然现在不允许钓鱼，但是因为自己喜欢吃鱼，他还是钓了很多鱼带回来，之后这个陌生人告诉马克·吐温自己就是抓违规钓鱼者的警察。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Once he went to Maine on vacation and spent three happy weeks there. (他曾经去缅因州度假，在那里度过了愉快的三个星期)”可知，马克·吐温在缅因州待了三周。故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“After putting it on the train, he sat in a comfortable seat. (把它放在火车上后，他坐在一个舒适的座位上。)”可知，马克·吐温是乘坐火车回家的。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“I’m a policeman. (我是一名警察。)”可知，那个人是警察。故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“I have just spent three pleasant weeks there (我刚在那里度过了愉快的三个星期)”可知，马克·吐温在缅因州的假期非常愉快。故选A。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“though fishing isn’t allowed in Maine this season (尽管缅因州这个季节不允许捕鱼)”可知，缅因州全年都可以钓鱼的描述是错误的。故选D。 2022年 I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang. It was an odd farmer. I had never met him before although I had often heard people talk about him. He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. I hadn’t the slightest idea who she was, but I obviously had to go. It had been snowing heavily that day and I didn’t know the way. I had been driving for at least an hour when I finally found his place. He was standing there, waiting for me. It seemed that Milly had died. “She meant more to me than anyone... even my wife!” he said. I could see that he had been crying. I thought something terrible had taken place, a possible scandal. I was even more shocked when he told me he had put her in the barn (牲口棚). “I wouldn’t leave her out in the cold!” he said. Milly had clearly been a secret lover of his. I was about to tell him that he could not expect me to cover anything up when he opened the barn door. He lifted his candle and I saw a dark figure on the ground. “She was such a good cow! I wouldn’t let anyone but a doctor touch her!” he said, and he burst into tears again. 46. According to the first paragraph, what happened to Milly? A. She had an accident. B. She was involved in a scandal C. She was seriously ill. D. She was hidden somewhere. 47. The underlined phrase “make out” (in Para. 1) means “ ________ ” in Chinese. A. 写出 B. 明白 C. 证明 D. 假装 48. Before reaching the farmer’s house, the writer didn’t expect to see Milly lying ________. A. on the ground of a barn B. on the floor of a room C. in a bed of a room D. in a bed of a barn 49. From the passage, we know that Milly is actually a ________. A. woman B. barn C. candle D. cow 50. The person who told the story is probably ________. A. a farmer B. a policeman C. a country doctor D. a newspaper reporter 【答案】46. A 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者接到陌生农夫电话说米莉出事故，雪天艰难找到地方后，以为米莉是农夫的情人，最后发现米莉是头牛，农夫为牛的死而伤心。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. (即便如此，我所能辨认出的只是一个叫米莉的人遭遇了一场非常严重的事故。)”可知，米莉遭遇了一场很严重的事故。故选A。 【47题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. (即便如此，我所能辨认出的只是一个叫米莉的人遭遇了一场非常严重的事故。)”可知，此处指的是我明白了一个叫米莉的人遭遇了一场非常严重的事故，“make out”在文中语境下表示“弄明白，理解”。故选B。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I thought something terrible had taken place, a possible scandal. I was even more shocked when he told me he had put her in the barn (牲口棚). (我以为发生了可怕的事情，可能是丑闻。当他告诉我他把她放在牲口棚里时，我更加震惊了)”可知，作者起初以为米莉是个人，可能是农夫的秘密情人之类的，完全没想到会在牲口棚的地上看到她。故选A。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“She was such a good cow! (她真是一头好牛！)”可知，米莉实际上是一头牛。故选D。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“She was such a good cow! I wouldn’t let anyone but a doctor touch her! (她真是一头好牛！除了医生，我不会让任何人碰她！)”可知，作者可能是一名乡村医生。故选C。 2021年 There was once a captain who loved money so much that he cheated his sailors at the end of every voyage and took their wages. On the last day of one voyage, the ship was in a small port. It was winter time, and the seawater was very cold, so the captain said to his sailors, “If anyone of you stays in the water for the whole night, I will give him my ship. But if he comes out before the sun rises, I shall get his wages.” The sailors had heard about the captain’s cheating, so they didn’t trust him. But one of them, who thought that he was cleverer than the captain, said that he would do it. He got into the water, and, though it was very cold, he stayed in it. When it was near morning, some fishermen lit a fire on the shore about half a mile away. “You are cheating,” the captain said to the sailor, “The fire’s warming you.” “But it’s half a mile away!” said the sailor. “A fire’s fire,” answered the captain, “I have won.” The sailor came out of the water, and said,“Perhaps you think that you are clever because you have won my wages, but you can’t cook a chicken.” “I can,” answered the captain. “If you cook this chicken,” said the sailor, “I shall work for you without wages for seven years, but if you can’t, you will give me your ship.” The captain agreed. He took the chicken and asked, “Where’s the fire?” “There it is,” answered the sailor, “On the shore.” “But it’s half a mile away,” said the captain angrily. “‘A fire’s fire’, you said,” answered the sailor, “If it is enough to warm me in the water, it is enough to cook your chicken.” 46. The captain always got the sailors’ wages _____. A. by cooking a chicken B. by making a fire C. by cheating them D. by staying in the water 47. One of the sailors got into the water in order to _____. A. eat the chicken B. warm himself C. get the ship D. cheat the captain 48. The captain insisted that the fire was warming the sailor because he _____. A. didn’t want to lose his bet B. didn’t want to lose his wages C. wanted to keep his promise D. wanted to show his cleverness 49. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. The sailors didn’t trust the captain. B. The sailor didn’t get out of the water before sunrise. C. The captain failed to cheat the sailor this time. D. The fishermen made a fire to help the sailor. 50. The proper title of the story is _____. A. How to Win a Bet B. A Clever Sailor C. How to Get the Wages D. A Wise Captain 【答案】46. C 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位船长经常欺骗船员的工资，一次在欺骗船员后被这位船员用相同的方法对其进行了反击，这个故事采用了“以其人之道还治其人之身”的方法。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“There was once a captain who loved money so much that he cheated his sailors at the end of every voyage and took their wages. (曾经有一个船长非常爱钱，因此在每次航行结束后他都骗自己的船员并拿走他们的工资。)”可知，船长通过欺骗船员拿走他们的工资，故选C。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“If anyone of you stays in the water for the whole night, I will give him my ship. (如果你们中有人在水里呆了一整夜，我就把我的船给他。)”可知，其中一名水手进入水中，为了得到船。故选C。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“‘A fire’s fire,’ answered the captain. ‘I have won.’ (“火就是火，”船长回答道，“我赢了。”)”可知，船长强词夺理，说离船员半英里处的火在给他取暖，说明船长想要赢得赌注。故选A。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据“When it was near morning, some fishermen lit a fire on the shore about half a mile away. (快到早晨的时候，一些渔夫在大约半英里外的岸上生起了火。)”可知，渔夫们生了一堆火并不是来帮助水手的。故选D。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。这篇短文讲述一位船长经常欺骗船员的工资，而后被一位船员用相同的方法对其进行了反击，体现出水手的机智和船长的狡猾。故选B。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $