全书综合测评（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（译林版）

( 密 ○ 封 ○ 装 ○ 订 ○ 线 密 ○ 封 ○ 装 ○ 订 ○ 线 密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题 ) 全书综合测评 第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 　　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What time is the man’s appointment? A.2:15 p.m. B.2:30 p.m. C.2:45 p.m. 2.How is the weather at present? A.Sunny. B.Rainy. C.Cloudy. 3.What is the man doing? A.He is consulting. B.He is complaining. C.He is arguing with the woman. 4.What is most important for the woman now? A.Finding cheap food. B.Having various foods. C.Buying unpolluted food. 5.Where are the speakers most probably? A.In the library. B.In the zoo. C.In the classroom. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 　　听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 　　听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6.What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A.Salesman and customer. B.Husband and wife. C.Boss and secretary. 7.What is the matter with the printer? A.It runs out of paper. B.The button is out of order. C.Some paper is stuck inside. 　　听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。 8.Who will accompany Kate to New York City? A.Nobody. B.The man’s roommate. C.Her friend. 9.How will Kate go to New York? A.By car. B.By bike. C.By train. 10.What do Kate and Laura have in common? A.They both enjoy traveling. B.They are both New Yorkers. C.They both take an interest in music. 　　听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。 11.What are the speakers talking about? A.A trip. B.The weather. C.A place of interest. 12.What day is it today? A.Wednesday. B.Thursday. C.Friday. 13.What should the man take to the West Lake? A.Some water. B.Some food. C.A coat. 　　听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。 14.Why is Sarah calling? A.To cancel her order. B.To delay the delivery time. C.To change the delivery address. 15.What will Sarah do next week? A.Have a business trip. B.Run a machine. C.Go downtown. 16.How will Sarah’s package be dealt with? A.It will be left at her door. B.It will be kept at a post office. C.It will be returned to the supplier. 17.How much will Sarah’s bill be? A.$150. B.$160. C.$170. 　　听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。 18.Where is the ship? A.Stuck in thick sea ice. B.About 3,000 meters beneath the ice. C.About 100 meters beneath the ice. 19.How did the British explorer feel about the ship? A.Very surprised. B.A little frightened. C.A bit dissatisfied. 20.What did the exploring team do to the ship? A.They lifted it from the deep sea. B.They left it in the deep sea. C.They took away some parts of it. 第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Guided Tours at the National Museum in South Kingston Out of Hours Titano Tours Book a tour with one of our knowledgeable tour guides to get up close to all the main characters in our world-famous Dinosaurs gallery. You’ll get to learn how dinosaurs were first discovered, how they adapted to life on Earth and why they’re so important to our science today. 13:00-14:00 Weekends only. Behind the Lens Tour Have you ever wondered why wildlife photography can be used to make a difference to the natural world? Join our hosts for a special tour of the Wildlife Photographer of the Year exhibition and discover the stories behind the photos. We will introduce you to some surprising stories as well as the impact that these photos have had on wildlife conservation efforts. 9:00-10:00 Wednesday & Friday. Behind the Scenes Tour: Spirit Collection Go behind the scenes with our science educators for a look at the Museum’s preserved fascinating zoology collection. As we explore some of the Darwin Centre’s 27 kilometers of shelves, you’ll encounter treasures hidden among the 22 million animal specimens (标本) housed here. 14:00-15:00 Monday closed. History of the Natural History Museum Tour With stories stretching from Waterhouse to Darwin, you’ll get to journey through time and discover more about how the incredible “Cathedral of Nature” became world-famous. What’s more, once the tour is finished, you will have the opportunity to visit the whole Museum at your own pace, newly equipped with your behind-the-scenes knowledge. 14:00-15:00 Monday to Friday. 21.What can you do on Behind the Lens Tour? A.Tell stories about nature. B.Dig into wildlife photography. C.Discover tips on taking photos. D.Join a group to protect wildlife. 22.Which tour can you take if you go to the museum on Monday afternoon? A.Out of Hours Titano Tours. B.Behind the Lens Tour. C.Behind the Scenes Tour: Spirit Collection. D.History of the Natural History Museum Tour. 23.In what column of the museum website could you find the text? A.Shop. B.Join and Support. C.What’s On. D.Membership. B We never knew why my father took over storytelling for his three little girls, but we always suspected that it was to save us from Sleeping Beauty. Walt Disney’s masterwork hit the big suburban screens in 1959 with a message for girls as vivid as its widescreen: If you’re pretty enough, a prince will rescue you. My father invented a series of bedtime stories featuring three princesses who happened to be just our ages and even looked like us. For some reason, the grown-ups were never around when danger struck. So, night after night, it was up to the three sisters to save the village, which they always managed to do just about the time that one of us fell asleep. It did occur to us that either this village was highly unfortunate or its adults were incredibly clumsy(笨拙的) and so much fell on these little girls. We saw that our parents wanted us to be strong. These girls didn’t need to be rescued. They were watchful, wise, and bold. That was enough. But how to carry this storyline into life was not obvious. In my early experience, women were just beginning to be admitted to what had been men-only colleges, and teaching jobs followed. I loved to tell my friends and family about the welcome dinner for new graduate students in the vast, candlelit hall. I sat next to the dean (学院院长) of the graduate school, whose first words to me were: “I don’t know why the graduate school is now admitting women. You’ll all just get married, have babies, and your education will be wasted.” After a few days to recover, I began to tell friends this story and found their laughter and support encouraging. Soon, I collected many such stories. Then, one of them hit hard. A colleague I trusted tried to persuade me to quit teaching, because “If you don’t leave political science, you’ll lose everything typical of women about you.” I laughed. While losing someone else’s idea of femininity(女性气质) might have seemed a great loss, losing weakness was surely not! The power of that promise supported me. I taught political science for seven more years with a great sense of appreciation for the opportunity, until taking up a job as a journalist, which I loved more. Still waiting for a prince? Be one! 24.Why did the father create bedtime stories for his three little girls? A.To help them fall asleep. B.To make their life colorful. C.To encourage them to be strong. D.To get them interested in stories. 25.What was the dean’s attitude towards women’s higher education? A.Unsupportive. B.Positive. C.Objective. D.Unclear. 26.Which of the following would the author most probably agree with? A.Women and men should be equal in everything. B.Women shouldn’t be labeled as weak at all times. C.It is just a waste of time for women to go to college. D.Women should give up everything to have femininity. 27.What does the author want to express through this passage? A.Great minds think alike. B.Failure is the mother of success. C.Never judge a book by its cover. D.A friend in need is a friend indeed. C Do you sometimes pay no attention to your mom while chatting with friends? If you are a teen, that’s fairly common. Researchers already knew that younger kids’ brains respond more strongly to their mom’s voice than to strangers’. But as kids turn teens, everything changes. “In teen years, we show the exact opposite of that,” says Daniel Abrams, a scientist who led a new research. The researchers studied the brains of 7- to 16-year-old kids as they listened to things said by their mother or by unfamiliar women. The words were purely inane, such as teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt and peebudieshawlt. As the kids listened to such rubbish words, certain parts of their brains became active. This was especially true in brain regions that help them to detect rewards and pay attention. That’s exactly what it should be like.  The areas in the adolescent brain don’t stop responding to their mom’s voice. It’s just that the unfamiliar voices become more attractive and then are worthy of attention. “As kids grow up, they expand their way of social connections beyond their family. Their survival depends less and less on their mother’s support. They depend more and more on their friends and others at the same age as them,” says Leslie Seltzer, a scientist. “So their brains need to begin paying more attention to that wider world. The brain seems to adapt to new needs that come with teen years.” “As a teen, you don’t know you’re doing this. You’re just being you: You’ve got your new friends and you want to spend time with them. You take more notice of these unfamiliar voices,” Abrams adds. So while both teens and their parents may sometimes feel sad about missed messages, that’s okay. “This is how the teenage brain works, and there’s a good reason for it,” Abrams says. 28.What does the new research focus on? A.The teenagers’ brain development. B.The teen brain’s response to their mother’s voice. C.The relationship between kids and their mothers. D.The influence of mothers on their kids’ characters. 29.What does the underlined word “inane” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Abstract. B.Meaningless. C.Hard to tell. D.Impossible to read. 30.What is the author’s opinion on the change in teens’ social preferences? A.It is confusing. B.It leads to failure in later life. C.It reduces their brain activity. D.It is understandable. 31.In which part of a newspaper can we probably see the text? A.Science. B.Lifestyle. C.Sports and fitness. D.Breaking news. D The concepts of delayed satisfaction, self-control, and self-regulation are often used interchangeably and inconsistently. The ability to delay an impulse (冲动) for an immediate reward to receive a more favorable reward at a later time is the standard definition of delayed satisfaction. Studies show that delayed satisfaction is one of the most effective personal characteristics of successful people. People who learn how to manage their need to be satisfied in the moment develop more in their careers, relationships, health, and finances than people who give in to it. Being able to delay satisfaction isn’t the easiest skill to acquire. It involves feeling dissatisfied, which is why it seems impossible for people who haven’t learned to control their impulses. Choosing to have something right now might feel good, but making the effort to have discipline and manage your impulses can result in bigger or better rewards in the future. Over time, delayed satisfaction will improve your self-control and ultimately help you achieve your long-term goals faster. The Seinfeld Strategy is one of several helpful self-satisfaction techniques you can use to put off satisfaction for longer periods of time. Every day that you delay satisfaction and avoid temptation (诱惑), you cross that day off your calendar. After a few days, this creates a chain. This strategy works well for people who enjoy gamification (游戏化). If you find it satisfying to keep the chain going, you’re less likely to give in to temptation. Do you find yourself going back to temptations without thinking about it? If this is the case, you can practice mindfulness to become more aware of what you do. When you notice yourself doing something out of habit, stop for a moment. Ask yourself why you’re doing what you’re doing. Take some time to analyze how you’re feeling. Pay attention to the details. Take a moment of mindfulness to interrupt your autopilot(自动驾驶仪) every time this happens. The more you practice this, the more you’ll break the habit of going for instant satisfaction. 32.Which of the following best shows delayed satisfaction? A.Receiving an instant reward after winning. B.Giving up a hard-gained opportunity. C.Playing computer games within limited time. D.Postponing bonuses for better outcomes. 33.Why is delayed satisfaction hard to attain? A.It can lead to missed opportunities. B.It’s bad for achieving long-term goals. C.It’s impossible to resist the inner needs. D.It’s a comfort to possess something at once. 34.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A.A method of practicing delayed satisfaction. B.The complexity of the Seinfeld Strategy. C.An example of self-discipline techniques. D.The effectiveness of keeping the chain going. 35.What does the author suggest people do to avoid returning to temptations? A.Ignore useless details. B.Get rid of old bad habits. C.Concentrate on true inner wants. D.Cancel temptations from the calendar. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While strong-willed young children can push all your buttons, there’s a positive side. Once they get into adulthood, they will be more responsible, confident and independent members. How do you begin to parent one? 　36　 What might work on one might not work on another. Below are a handful of ideas of raising strong-willed children.   Teach them to overcome frustrations. A strong-willed child can have an outburst of anger simply because they have become annoyed or frustrated. There will be times when you won’t know what has set them off. You need to help them recognize the emotions they are feeling and let them know whether you understand. 　37　  A strong-willed child will not be satisfied with an answer such as “because I said so” or “I don’t know” or “just because...”. 　38　 By providing a proper explanation, you can help put their mind at ease. Their mind is naturally curious and they want to know how things work or why they aren’t allowed to do something.  　　Create proper boundaries. Strong-willed children need clear boundaries at home. They need to know there are rules and that the rules are there to protect them and give them a clear understanding of what is expected of them. 　39　  　40　 Strong-willed children tend to feel responsible for things. We can help by giving them responsibility at home such as making their bed, unpacking the dishwasher, letting them help decide what to have for dinner, setting the table, folding the clothes and so on.   A.They question everything around them. B.Add necessary responsibility to your work. C.We need to remember every child is different. D.Mark the boundary between you and your child. E.Develop their independence by giving responsibility. F.They need to know what they can do and what they can’t do. G.This acknowledgement can let your children know they are being heard. 36.　　　 37.　　　 38.　　　 39.　　　 40.　　　  第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Last weekend, I had an opportunity to serve as a volunteer at a nursing home in another city. I don’t have a car, and even the 　41　 train station is far away from my house. 　42　, I wasn’t sure how to get there.  I posted a(n) 　43　 for a ride on the ride share board. Soon an individual I’d never met 　44　 that he’d be able to pick me up and drop me off at the station. He said he’d wait until my train arrived 　45　 he drove away. My heart 　46　, the stress I’d been feeling disappeared 　47　 and thus our friendship began.  I ended up arriving at the nursing home 　48　. The tiny team of workers there were 　49　 for the additional help. We all worked together as a team. I was glad to be a part of this and be of 　50　 to the elderly.  That evening when my new 　51　 dropped me off at the station, he 　52　 that it was in a deserted(荒芜的) area. So he parked his car and said, “We will wait for the train to come together.” I couldn’t believe his 　53　.  With five minutes left before the train arrived, he shared with me stories of his 　54　. As a young boy, he used to sit near the edge of the train tracks, excitedly waiting for the trains to rush by with all their force. That night he waited with me as my train 　55　. It didn’t rush by but I felt his kindness and generosity. People like him would always remind me how to love and how to give.  41.A.best B.latest C.closest D.largest 42.A.Instead B.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore 43.A.excuse B.request C.charge D.preference 44.A.replied B.joked C.pretended D.remembered 45.A.when B.since C.after D.before 46.A.sank B.broke C.warmed D.changed 47.A.recently B.gradually C.slowly D.immediately 48.A.in time B.in return C.in order D.in turn 49.A.sorry B.grateful C.regretful D.responsible 50.A.aim B.hope C.interest D.service 51.A.chairman B.friend C.customer D.neighbor 52.A.noticed B.admitted C.heard D.intended 53.A.courage B.bravery C.kindness D.confidence 54.A.adulthood B.childhood C.future D.career 55.A.started B.left C.approached D.passed 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many of our beliefs about the universe are based on inductive 　56　 (reason), also known as the scientific model. This means of arriving 　57　 the truth requires the observation of concrete events 　58　 (follow) by the development of a theory to explain what has been observed. In other words, it’s a way to proceed from the particular to the general. However, it is in the nature of scientists 　59　 (inquire) into every possibility and this means they often discover things that no one 　60　 (see) or noticed before. Our generalized theories, therefore, never cease to change.  In fact, most of our new knowledge is gained by the observation of things we have never seen before. Before the first black swan was seen, the 　61　 (assume) was that all swans are white. This is known as the “Black Swan Theory”. How could we have known otherwise? There will always be “unknown unknowns” such as black swans, but some people criticize those 　62　 dare to suggest their existence. We should always be objective and question what we think we know.  The world in the future is bound to be different from now. 　63　 much we understand, there will always be 　64　 remote possibility of discovering “a black swan”. Accordingly, our comprehension of the world will change 　65　 (constant). Therefore, we should keep pace with new developments in all domains of knowledge—“black swans” can change history.  56.　　　　57.　　　　58.　　　　59.　　　　60.　　　  61.　　　　62.　　　　63.　　　　64.　　　　65.　　　  第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假设你是李华,是一名国际学校的高中生。在你校举行的成人礼上,你将作为学生代表发言。请你用英语写一篇发言稿,内容包括: 1.表达感恩; 2.担起责任; 3.畅想未来。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 参考词汇:成人礼the coming-of-age rite Dear teachers, parents and fellow students, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Dora is a seven-year-old girl. One day, when she visited her friend Alice, she saw a beautiful bird in a cage on the balcony of the house. Alice told her it was her new pet. “How beautiful it is!” said Dora. “I also want to have such a bird as my pet.” That day when Dora returned home, she told her mother about Alice’s bird. Then she asked, “Mom, can I also get a bird?” “Of course, you can,” said her mother. “But you need to wait because I’ve no time to visit a pet store these days.” Dora agreed. One day, when Dora was back home from school, she saw a cage in the living room. In the cage was a beautiful blue bird. Her mother was standing next to the cage, smiling. “Oh, a bird!” Dora shouted happily. She ran to it and looked at it happily. “It’s a birthday gift for you,” said her mother. “Thank you, Mom. I love it so much!” said Dora excitedly. The following day, Dora invited her friends to come over to see her bird. All of her friends said it was a really beautiful bird and Dora was very glad to hear that. She and her friends played with the bird for a long time that day. Her friends all wished they could have such a bird as their pet. Sadly, a few weeks later, Dora became ill. The doctor told her parents that she got the flu and had to stay at home. In order not to infect her friends, her parents asked them not to come to play with her. Dora felt very sad. How she wished her friends would come and visit her! But she knew her parents were right. She’d better stay alone. Since Dora had no one to play with, she could only play with her bird. However, she felt that her bird didn’t seem to be happy either. 注意:续写词数应为150个左右。 Dora watched her bird in silence.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  When her mother came inside,Dora told her mother about her decision.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    答案与分层梯度式解析 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.C 17.B 18.B 19.A 20.B 21.B 22.D 23.C 24.C 25.A 26.B 27.C 28.B 29.B 30.D 31.A 32.D 33.D 34.A 35.C 36.C 37.G 38.A 39.F 40.E 41.C 42.D 43.B 44.A 45.D 46.C 47.D 48.A 49.B 50.D 51.B 52.A 53.C 54.B 55.C 56.reasoning　57.at　58.followed　59.to inquire　 60.has seen 61.assumption　62.who　63.However　64.a　65.constantly 第二部分　阅读 第一节 A 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了南金斯敦国家博物馆的四个不同的专题之旅。 21.B　细节理解题。根据Behind the Lens Tour部分内容可知,参加年度野生动物摄影师展览的特别之旅可以发现照片背后的故事,以及这些照片对野生动物保护工作的影响,因此,该旅行可以深入研究野生动物摄影。故选B项。 22.D　细节理解题。根据History of the Natural History Museum Tour部分中的“14:00-15:00 Monday to Friday.”可知,如果你星期一下午去博物馆,可以参加自然历史博物馆的历史之旅。故选D项。 23.C　推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了南金斯敦国家博物馆的四个不同的专题之旅,所以推断可以在博物馆网站的“在展览什么”栏目找到这篇文章。故选C项。 B 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲为了鼓励三个女儿变得强大而给她们编了一系列的睡前故事,作者因此受到影响,没有被对女性的偏见束缚,接受高等教育,教授政治学,成为一名记者,活出了女性的精彩。 24.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We saw that our parents wanted us to be strong.”并结合父亲编的故事的内容可知,父亲给他的三个女儿编睡前故事是为了鼓励她们变得强大。故选C项。 25.A　推理判断题。根据第四段中院长所说的话“我不知道为什么研究生院现在招收女性。你们都会结婚生子,你们的教育就白费了”可知,院长不支持女性接受高等教育。故选A项。 26.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第四句可知,失去别人对自己女性气质的看法(让别人认为自己没有女性气质)可能看起来是一个很大的损失,但失去别人对自己软弱的看法(让别人觉得自己不软弱)绝对不是损失。由此可推断出,作者认为不应该总是说女性是软弱的。故选B项。 27.C　推理判断题。作者在文中结合自己的经历揭示了社会中对女性的偏见,呼吁女性要强大,不应该一直被视为软弱的,C项“不要以貌取人”最能体现作者的思想。故选C项。 C 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现,随着年龄的增长,孩子的大脑对母亲的声音的反应会逐渐降低,文章介绍了背后的原因。 28.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers studied the brains of 7- to 16-year-old kids as they listened to things said by their mother or by unfamiliar women.”可知,这项新研究的重点是青少年的大脑对母亲的声音的反应。故选B。 29.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“such as teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt and peebudieshawlt”以及“As the kids listened to such rubbish words”可知,这些词都是废话,没有意义。由此推测inane的意思是“无意义的”,与“meaningless”意思相近。故选B。 30.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“So while both teens and their parents may sometimes feel sad about missed messages, that􀆳s okay.‘This is how the teenage brain works, and there􀆳s a good reason for it,􀆳 Abrams says.”可知,作者认为青少年社交偏好的变化是有原因的,可以理解。故选D。 31.A　推理判断题。通读全文可知,研究发现,儿童的大脑对母亲的声音反应强烈,而青少年的大脑反应会降低,文章介绍了新研究开展的经过以及发现。因此,文章可能选自报纸的“科学”部分。故选A。 D 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。本文阐释了延迟满足的定义、重要性及实践难点,介绍了宋飞策略和正念练习两种方法,强调其对提升自控力和实现长期目标的作用。 32.D　推理判断题。根据第一段可知,延迟满足是为了在以后获得更有利的回报而延迟对即时奖励的冲动。D项“推迟奖金以获得更好的结果”符合这一概念。故选D。 33.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It involves feeling dissatisfied...Choosing to have something right now might feel good”可知,延迟满足很难做到是因为它涉及不满的感觉,选择立刻拥有某些东西可能会感觉很好。故选D。 34.A　主旨大意题。第四段主要介绍了宋飞策略,即通过每天在日历上标记,形成连续的链条,以此来实践延迟满足。这是一种具体的实践延迟满足的方法,因此A项“一种实践延迟满足的方法”最能概括该段主旨。故选A。 35.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,作者建议通过正念练习来应对诱惑,即先停下来,问问自己行为背后的原因,然后分析自己的感受,关注细节。这一过程的核心是通过自我察觉,理解真正的内在需求。故选C。 第二节 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了父母要如何培养一个意志坚强的孩子。 36.C　根据空前的问句可知设空处应回答如何养育一个意志坚强的孩子;根据下文“What might work on one might not work on another.”可知,我们需要了解对一个孩子起作用的东西可能对另一个孩子没用。因此C项(我们需要记住每个孩子都是不同的)符合语境。故选C项。 37.G　根据段首句可知本段介绍教孩子克服沮丧。空前提到孩子们需要被理解,要让他们知道你是否理解他们。因此,G项(这种承认可以让你的孩子知道他们正在被倾听)呼应上文,孩子们的声音被倾听也就是上文提到的被理解。故选G项。 38.A　上文提到意志坚强的孩子不满足于一些简单的回答,结合下文中的“Their mind is naturally curious”可知,A项(他们对周围的一切都有疑问)符合语境。故选A项。 39.F　根据段首句可知本段建议建立适当的界限。空前提到意志坚强的孩子需要知道有明确的规则,并且知道这些规则是用来保护他们的,让他们明白对他们有什么期望。因此F项(他们需要知道他们能做什么,不能做什么)起到对上文的补充说明作用。故选F项。 40.E　下文提到意志坚强的孩子往往对事情负责,家长可以让他们在家里做一些事情来培养他们的责任感。因此,E项(通过赋予责任来培养他们的独立性)起到引领下文的作用,其中giving responsibility与下文相呼应。故选E项。 第三部分　语言运用 第一节 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者要乘火车去另一个城市的养老院做志愿者,但火车站离家很远,一位好心人将作者送到火车站并等火车到站后再离开,作者感受到他的善良和慷慨。 41.C　根据上文“I don􀆳t have a car”和下文“train station is far away from my house...I wasn􀆳t sure how to get there”可知,作者不知道怎么到那里,由此可知,作者没有车,且最近的(closest)火车站离家都很远。故选C。 42.D　上文提到作者没有车,且火车站离家很远,因此(Therefore)作者不知道怎么到那里,前后句之间是因果关系。故选D。 43.B　根据“for a ride on the ride share board”可知,作者在拼车公告栏上发布了一则乘车请求(request),希望可以拼车。故选B。 44.A　根据下文“he􀆳d be able to pick me up and drop me off at the station”可知,一个素未谋面的人回复了(replied)作者的请求。故选A。 45.D　根据语境可知,这个好心人说他会等火车到了之后再开车离开。before在……之前。故选D。 46.C　根据上文“He said he􀆳d wait until my train arrived 　45　 he drove away.”可知,好心人的话让作者的心里暖暖的(warmed)。故选C。  47.D　好心人的话让作者的心里暖暖的,所以压力立刻(immediately)消失了。故选D。 48.A　有了好心人的帮助,作者最终及时(in time)到达了养老院。故选A。 49.B　根据“for the additional help”可知,那里的员工很感谢(grateful)额外的帮助,即作者的志愿服务。故选B。 50.D　根据上文“I had an opportunity to serve as a volunteer”可知,作者为老人服务(service)。故选D。 51.B　根据上文“thus our friendship began”可知,作者和好心人成了朋友(friend)。故选B。 52.A　根据上文“dropped me off at the station”和下文 “it was in a deserted area”可知,他把作者送到火车站时,注意到(noticed)火车站位于一个荒芜的地方。故选A。 53.C　根据上文“We will wait for the train to come together.”以及下文“I felt his kindness”可知,作者简直不敢相信他如此善良。kindness是原词复现。故选C。 54.B　根据下文“As a young boy”可知,他向作者讲了自己的童年(childhood)故事。故选B。 55.C　根据上文“With five minutes left before the train arrived”可知,他和作者一起等火车进站。approach靠近,接近。故选C。 第二节 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。我们对宇宙的许多认知基于归纳推理,由此得出的理论虽然会因新发现(如“黑天鹅”)而不断改变,但我们仍应保持客观并跟上知识发展的步伐。 56.reasoning　考查名词。设空处由形容词inductive修饰,应填名词,所给词reason作名词意为“理由,原因”,与语境不符;reason作动词意为“推理”,其名词形式reasoning意为“推理”,符合语境。inductive reasoning表示“归纳推理”。故填reasoning。 57.at　考查介词。固定搭配arrive at意为“得出(结论等)”。故填at。 58.followed　考查过去分词。主句中已有谓语动词requires,设空处应用非谓语动词,根据空后的by可知,动词follow与the observation of concrete events之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作定语。故填followed。 59.to inquire　考查不定式。此处it为形式主语,设空处是真正的主语,应用不定式。故填to inquire。 60.has seen　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语before可知此处描述“他们经常发现(从过去到现在)没人见过或注意过的事物”,应用现在完成时;主语no one为不定代词,助动词应用has。故填has seen。 61.assumption　考查名词。设空处作主语,应用名词,空后的谓语动词使用了单数形式,主语应是单数名词。故填assumption。 62.who　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为those,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用who。 63.However　考查让步状语从句。设空处引导状语从句,且修饰副词much,此处表示“无论我们懂得多少”,应用从属连词however,位于句首,首字母大写。故填However。 64.a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一种微小的可能性”,应使用不定冠词,且remote是以辅音音素开头的单词。 故填a。 65.constantly　考查副词。设空处修饰动词change,应用副词,表示“不断地”。故填constantly。 第四部分　写作 第一节 One possible version: Dear teachers, parents and fellow students,  It is a great honor for me to deliver a speech at the coming-of-age rite. On behalf of my fellow students, I􀆳d like to express gratitude to our parents, who went through hardships in bringing us up, and to our teachers who equip us with knowledge. We will take on the responsibilities as students, working hard to enter our dream universities. In the future, we hope to be the backbone of our country and make it more powerful. That􀆳s all for my speech. Thank you for your kind attention! 第二节 One possible version: Dora watched her bird in silence. She found her bird kept looking out of the window. In the trees outside, many birds were playing gladly. She thought that perhaps her bird didn􀆳t like being kept in the cage at all. Just as she missed staying with her friends, it also wanted to go out to play with other birds. But before she got sick, she didn􀆳t think a lot about her bird. Now Dora realized she shouldn􀆳t selfishly take away its freedom for her own enjoyment. When her mother came inside,Dora told her mother about her decision. She said, “Mom, can you set my bird free?” Her mother was surprised and asked why. “I􀆳m sure it also wants friends,” said Dora. Her mother agreed. She opened the cage and the bird cheerfully flew out of the window and disappeared soon. A few days later, Dora could play with her friends again. How excited she was! And when she looked out at the birds in the trees, she knew her bird must be very happy at that moment. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 全书综合测评 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 【Text 1】 M:Do you know what time it is? I left my watch at home this morning. W:Yes, it’s 2: 30 p.m. M:Oh, that means I only have fifteen minutes before my appointment. Thanks! 【Text 2】 W:Carl, are you going out this afternoon? M:Yes. I’m going to a concert with a friend. W:You’d better take an umbrella. It’s clear now. But the weatherman said it’d rain cats and dogs. 【Text 3】 M:I had a problem with one of your managers yesterday. She was terribly rude to me. W:I’m sorry to hear that. What happened? 【Text 4】 W:Seafood is a healthy source of natural fat. But some polluted oceans can cause fish to be unclean. M:True. And having various foods is more important than we expected. W:But finding inexpensive food matters the most for me—at least until I have more money! 【Text 5】 M:Different animals have different ways of communicating information, some by sound and some by smell. W:You really read a lot in the library. But I came here today to see animals, not to listen to your lesson. 第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。 【Text 6】 W:There’s something wrong with the printer in our study. M:But we’ve only had it two months. W:I know. I keep pressing the button but it won’t print anything. M:It might run out of paper. W:No. It can’t be that. There’s plenty of paper. The problem is that it just won’t print. Well, have you got any idea what this symbol means? The one flashing here. M:Maybe it means there is some paper stuck inside. It might be worth opening it and having a look. W:Oh yes. You’re right. That saves me. I have to hand in the report to my boss on Monday. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。 【Text 7】 M:Hi, Kate. Have any plans for the weekend? W:Yeah, I’m really excited. I’m going to New York City for a couple of days. M:Oh, my roommate’s going there too. Are you driving? Maybe you two could ride together. W:No. I’ve already got my train ticket. I’m visiting a friend I met last summer. Remember I went to a music camp？I shared a room with Laura and now she’s just moved to a new place. M:You two probably have a lot to talk about. Are you from New York? W:No, I’m from California. I’ve never been to New York before. Guess what we are going to do on Saturday night? M:Something to do with music, I bet. W:Right, we are going to a concert. M:Wow, I wish I were going with you. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。 【Text 8】 W: Hello, this is Karen from the May Flower Travel Agency. Is that Mr. Brown speaking? M: Yes, speaking. W: Mr. Brown, I’m phoning to tell you we have changed our travel plans. M: Oh, how come? W: Since there is going to be a storm tomorrow, we put off our trip to the West Lake until the following day; that is the day after tomorrow—Friday. M: Really? But the weather is fine now. W: Well, that’s what the weather report said. Are you still interested in travelling with us? M: Yes, I’d love to. My wife and I planned to visit it a long time ago. W: Then could you please be ready by eight on Friday? M: Certainly. Should I ask the hotel to pack lunch? W: You won’t need to worry about food or water. We’ll take care of these. Just take a coat along as it will be windy that day. M: OK, thank you. W: That’s fine. See you. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。 【Text 9】 W: Hi, this is Sarah Clark, and I ordered a $150 machine on your website this morning. It says it might take as long as 3 business days for such orders to ship. However, I’ll be out of town to meet some clients next week, and I won’t be able to accept the delivery at home. So I would like you to ship it to my office instead. M: Wait a minute. Let me see. Umm. Sorry, but your order has already been sent out this morning, Ms. Clark. If nobody is at your home next week, it will be returned to us. In that case, one of our customer service representatives will give you a call. W: Couldn’t you drop it off at the local post office? And then I’ll get it myself sometime. M: I’m afraid it’s not possible. W: Well, OK, do you charge extra for resending it? M: Yes, we only cover the first delivery fee. And you have to pay another 10 dollars for resending it. It will be added to your bill. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。 【Text 10】 M:Emerging from the Antarctic deep, the world’s most famous undiscovered shipwreck Endurance is now found. It’s the first time anyone has seen it in more than 100 years. Endurance, perfectly preserved, is about 3,000 meters beneath the ice. “I knew that this was probably either the first or second most strongly-built ice ship ever, and I was just amazed at its construction. It held together beautifully,” said a British explorer. The condition is astonishing. The exploring team spent weeks searching the deep until Endurance was at last found. The team found that Endurance was in trouble from the start—becoming stuck in thick sea ice just weeks after setting off from South Georgia. It floated for months before an order was eventually given to the crew to abandon the ship. The ship won’t be raised and nothing will be removed. When the team left, it was just as it was found, resting in the darkness of this most remote corner of the world. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $第一部分。听力。第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Do you know what time IT is? I left my watch at home this morning. Yes, it's two thirty P. M. Oh, that means I only have fifteen minutes before my appointment. thanks. Carl, are you going out this afternoon? Yes. i'm going to a concert with a friend. You'd Better take an umbrella. It's clear now, but the weather man said he would rain cats and dogs. I had a problem with one of your managers yesterday. He was terribly rude to me. I'm sorry to hear that what happened. Seafood is a healthy source of natural fat, but some polluted oceans can cause fish to be unclean. True, and having various fits is more important than we expected. but finding inexpensive food matters the most for me, at least until I have more money. Different animals have different ways of communicating information, some by sound and some by smell. You really read a lot in the library, but I came here today to see animals, not to listen to your lesson. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。There's something wrong with the printer in our study. but we've only had IT two months. I know I keep pressing the button, but IT won't print anything. IT might run out of paper. No. IT can't be that there is plenty paper. The problem is that I just won't print. Well, have you got any idea what this symbol means? The one flashing here maybe . IT means there is some papers stuck inside IT might be worth opening IT . and having a look. Oh yes, you're right. That saves me. I have to hand in the report to my pass on monday. There's something wrong with the printer in our study. but we've only had IT two months. I know I keep pressing the button, but IT won't print anything. IT might run out of paper. no. IT can't be that there is plenty of paper. The problem is that I just won't print. Well, have you got any idea what this symbol means? The one flashing here maybe IT means . there is some papers stuck inside IT might be worth opening IT and having a luck. Oh yes, you're right. That saves me. I have to hand in the report to my pass on monday. 听下面一段对话，回答第八至第13个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Hi, kate. Have any plans for the weekend? Yeah, i'm really excited. I'm going to new york city for a couple of days. Oh, my roommates going there too. Are you driving? Maybe you too could ride. No. i've already got my train ticket. I'm visiting a friend I met last summer. Remember, I went to a music camp. I showed a room with Laura, and now she's just moved to a new place. You too probably have a lot to talk about. Are you from new york? No, i'm from california. I've never been to new york before. Guess what? We are going to do on saturday night. something to do with music. I bet. right? We are going . to a concert. Wow, I wish I were going with you. Hi kate, have any plans for the weekend? Yeah, i'm really excited. I'm going to new york city for a couple of days. Oh, my roommates going there too. Are you driving? Maybe you too could ride together. No, i've already got my train ticket. I'm visiting a friend I met last summer. Remember, I went to a music camp. I showed a room with Laura, and now she's just moved to a new place. You too probably have a lot to talk about. Are you from new york? No, i'm from california. I've never been to new york before. Guess what we are going to do on . saturday night, something to do with music. I bet. right? We are going to a concert. Wow, I wish I were going with you. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Hello, this is Karen from the mayflower travel agency. Is that mister Brown . speaking? Yes, speaking. mr. Brown. I'm phoning to tell you we have changed our travel plans. Oh, how come since there . is going to be a storm tomorrow, we put off our trip to the west lake until the following day. That is the day after tomorrow, friday, really. But the weather is fine now. Well. that's what the weather report said. Are you still interested in traveling with us? Yes, i'd love to my wife and I planned to visit IT a long time ago. Then could you please be ready by eight on friday? Certainly, should I ask the hotel to pack lunch? You won't need to worry about food or water, will take care of these. Just take a coat along, as IT will be windy that day. Okay, thank you. That's fine. See you. Hello, this is Karen from the mayflower travel agency. Is that mister Brown . speaking? Yes, speaking. mr. Brown. I'm phoning to tell you we have changed our travel plans. Oh, how come since there . is going to be a storm tomorrow, we put off our trip to the west lake until the following day. That is the day after tomorrow, friday, really. But the weather is fine now. Well. that's what the weather report said. Are you still interested in traveling with us? Yes, i'd love to my wife and I planned to visit IT a long time ago. Then could . you please be ready by eight on friday? Certainly. should I ask the hotel to pack lunch? You won't . need to worry about food or water, will take care of these. Just take a coat along, as IT will be windy that day. Okay, thank you. That's fine. See you. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17 4个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Hi, this is Sarah Clark, and I ordered a one hundred and fifty dollar machine on your website this morning. IT says IT might take as long as three business days for such orders to ship. However, i'll be out of town to meet some clients next week, and I won't be able to accept the delivery at home, so I would like you to ship IT to my office instead. Wait a minute, let me see. Um sorry, but your order has already been sent out this morning. ms. Clark, if nobody is at your home next week, I will be returned to us. In that case, one of our customer service representatives will give you a call. Couldn't you drop me off at the local post office and then i'll get IT myself sometime. I'm afraid it's not possible. Well, okay, do you charge extra for resending? IT? Yes. we only cover the first delivery fee, and you have to pay another ten dollars for responding IT. IT will be added to your bill. Hi, this is Sarah Clark, and I ordered a one hundred and fifty dollar machine on your website this morning. IT says IT might take as long as three business days for such orders to ship. However, i'll be out of town to meet some clients next week, and I won't be able to accept the delivery at home, so I would like you to ship IT to my office instead. Wait a minute, let me see. Um sorry, but your order has already been sent out this morning with Clark. If nobody is at your home next week, I will be returned to us. In that case, one of our customer service representatives will give you a call. Couldn't you drop me off at the local post office and then i'll get IT myself sometime. I'm possible. Well, okay, do you charge extra for resending IT? Yes. we only cover the first delivery fee, and you have to pay another ten dollars for resending IT IT will be added to your bill. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第23个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Emerging from the and arctic deep, the world's most famous undiscovered ship, break endurance is now found. It's the first time anyone has seen IT in more than one hundred years. Endurance, perfectly preserved, is about three thousand meters beneath the ice. I knew that this was probably either the first or second most strongly built ice ship ever, and I was just amazed at its construction. IT held together beautifully, said a british explored. The condition is astonishing. The expLoring teams spent weeks searching the deep until endurance was at last, found the team found that endurance was in trouble from the start, becoming stuck in fix sea ice. Just weeks after setting off from south chordal, IT floated for months before in an order was eventually given to the crew to abandon the ship. The ship won't be raised and nothing will be removed. When the team left, IT was just as IT was found resting in the darkness of this most remote corner of the world, emerging from the and arctic deep, the world's most famous undiscovered ship break endurance is now found. It's the first time anyone has seen IT in more than one hundred years. Endurance, perfectly preserved, is about three thousand meters beneath the ice. I knew that this was probably either the first or second most strongly built ice ship ever, and I was just amazed at its construction. IT held together beautifully, said a british explored. The condition is astonishing. The expLoring teams spent weeks searching the deep until endurance was at last found. The team found that endurance was in trouble from the start, becoming stuck in fix sea ice. Just weeks after setting off from south china, gia IT flooded for months before regan order was eventually given to the crew to abandon the ship. The ship won't be raised. Nothing will be removed. When the team left, IT was just as IT was found resting in the darkness of this most remote corner of the world.