内容正文:
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Zoo School for high-school juniors and seniors has two (段).
2.Her determination strengthened with each (障碍) she overcame.
3.(2025重庆南开中学月考) Hance says the (盗窃) arent a high priority for the police.
4.(2025湖南岳阳期末) Many people, including some scientists, fear that AI might be (滥用) by criminals, causing panic and social instability.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.(2022新高考Ⅱ)As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks(大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. 词性: 词义:
2.He found a blank on the page and put down his phone number and name.词性: 词义:
3.The scholar could tell by the blank look on Marias face that she didnt understand a single word of his lecture.
词性: 词义:
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.To my (frustrate), I discovered that the battery was dead when I reached my car.
2. the sorrow of the family, the house was completely destroyed by the fire.
3.(2025湖北十堰期中)Kids without a thymus(胸腺) also tend to have a damaged immune response vaccines.
4.(2025广西柳州月考)Moreover, if AI systems learn from (subject) information, they might make unfair decisions.
5.(2023北京)It has been proved that people have a bias (偏向) towards the present, focusing on loud attractions in the moment the expense of the health.
6.(2021浙江)The summer before my eighth grade I was one of a group of boys that a neighboring farmer (hire) to work in his field.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.由于经济衰退,镇上的许多家庭都在努力维持收支平衡。
As the economy was in decline, many families in the town were struggling .
2.汤姆出生在一个贫穷的农民家庭,他们的收成易受天气的影响。
Tom was born in a poor peasant family and their harvests .
3.再帮个忙,当楼上的孩子们做作业时,把收音机的声音关小点儿,好吗? (favour)
Please and turn the radio down when the children upstairs do their homework, will you?
4.情况常常如此,这只忠实的狗走在那位失明的老人前面,帮他引路。(case)
, the faithful dog walks in front of the blind old man to guide him.
(读后续写—场景描写)
5.(2024新课标Ⅰ写作)在公园里上的课给我们留下了深刻的印象,这对我们的艺术欣赏力和创造力有好处。(非限制性定语从句;beneficial)
The class taken in the park leaves a deep impression on us, our artistic appreciation and creativity.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Weve been told 1 we were toddlers that “Its good to share”. Nowadays, the action of sharing takes on extra meaning. Up to now, people 2 (expand) it to almost every aspect of our lives—the whole world is fond of sharing.
This richness of ways of sharing is a 3 (respond) to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all 4 (deliver) at the click of a button. Besides, sharing encourages us to reuse items, therefore 5 (cut) down on waste. And the sharing economy does 6 further favour for the environment by decreasing the use of motor vehicles on the road.
However, the sharing economy also has its problems. It is developing 7 (fast) than existing regulations or ongoing supervision. Whats more, it is subject 8 abuse of trust. Finally, 9 (person) information is at risk of leaking or being stolen and personal data is not yet secure.
Nevertheless, what is in no doubt 10 (be) that the sharing economy is increasingly related to our daily lives as well as to the global economy. We have no alternative but to accept it and regulate its existence.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024山东烟台期中)
Changyu, the largest and oldest wine manufacturer in China, 1 (locate) near Yantai Port in Shandong Province. It was established by Zhang Bishi, an extraordinary enterprising industrialist considered as one of the wealthiest self-made 2 (figure) of the time.
Zhang Bishi initially imported 2,000 vines(葡萄藤) from America, which were 3 (entire) unused to the new environment and died. Once more, 140,000 vines were imported from Europe with 30 percent of vines surviving. Three years later, wild grapes were then sourced from northeast China and grafted(嫁接) onto the European rootstocks. They successfully 4 (bear) fruits.
In 1905, Changyu completed 5 was then Asias largest underground wine cellar(酒窖). In 1915, Changyus wine won four grand prizes at the 1915 Panama Pacific International Exposition for its superior quality, 6 (gain) the first international recognition of Chinese wine.
Devoted to continuous trial and 7 (innovate), Changyus founder managed to develop a greater variety of grapes—Cabernet Gernischt in 1931, which remains Chinas only internationally 8 (recognize) variety of grapes for wine production.
Later, using Cabernet Gernischt as the main material, Changyu produced a red wine with 9 totally different flavor. To give it a stylish name, then the Changyu general manager created a translation of Cabernet—Jie Bai Na, drawing on the Chinese proverb “All rivers run into the sea”. Since 1937, Changyu has been using “Cabernet” 10 a registered trademark.
Today Changyu, with its wine well received both at home and abroad, is moving ahead for a better future.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2025福建厦门外国语学校月考)
Wealth starts with a goal saving a dollar at a time. Call it the piggy bank strategy. There are lessons in that time-honored coin-savings container.
Any huge task seems easier when reduced to baby steps. If you wished to climb a 12,000-foot mountain, you would only have to climb 33 feet daily to reach the top in a year. If you want to take a really nice trip in 10 years for a special occasion, and the cost is $15,000, you have to save $4.11 a day. If you drop that into a piggy bank and then once a year put $1,485 in a savings account at an interest rate of 1%, you will have your trip money.
When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that if I wanted something, I should save money to purchase it. We associate piggy banks with children, but in many countries, the little containers are also popular with adults. Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune and wealth. Around the world, many believe a gift of a piggy bank on New Years Day brings good luck and financial success. Ah, yes, but you have to put something in it.
Why is a pig used as a symbol of saving? Why not an elephant bank, which is bigger and holds more coins? In the Middle Ages, before modern banking and credit instruments, people saved money at home, a few coins at a time dropped into a jar or dish. Potters(制陶工人) made these inexpensive containers from an orange-colored clay(黏土) called “pygg” and folks saved coins in pygg jars. The Middle English word for “pig” was “pigge”. While the Saxons pronounced pygg, referring to the clay as “pug”, eventually the two words changed into the same pronunciation, sounding the “i” as in “pig” or “piggy”. As the word became less associated with the orange clay and more with the animal, a clever potter fashioned a pygg jar in the shape of a pig, delighting children and adults. The piggy bank was born.
Originally you had to break the bank to get the money, bringing a sense of seriousness to savings. While piggy banks teach children the wisdom of saving, adults often need to relearn childhood lessons. Think about the things in life that require large amounts of money—a college education, weddings, cars, medical care, starting a business, buying a home, and fun stuff like great trips. So when you have money, take off the top 10%, put it aside, save and invest wisely.
1.What is the piggy bank strategy?
A.Paying 1% income tax at a time.
B.Setting a goal before making a travel plan.
C.Aiming high even when doing small things.
D.Putting aside a little money regularly for future use.
2.What does the underlined word “something” in paragraph 3 most probably refer to?
A.Money. B.Gifts. C.Financial success. D.Good luck.
3.What the piggy bank originally was?
A.A potters instrument.
B.A cheap clay container.
C.An animal-shaped dish.
D.A pig-like toy for children.
4.What does the last paragraph talk about?
A.The seriousness of educating children.
B.The enjoyment of taking a great trip.
C.The importance of managing money.
D.The difficulty of starting a business.
Ⅳ.七选五
(2025广东广州月考)
The Lipstick Effect
In 2020, the world fell into an economic downturn as a pandemic caused widespread closures to businesses. 1 During such times of economic hardship, one may naturally expect that consumer markets will see a decline in expenditure(支出), as people everywhere feel restricted to making only “essential” purchases. However, a curious phenomenon known as the “lipstick effect” can often be observed.
The “lipstick effect” refers to the phenomenon of consumers spending on small luxury goods even when an economic depression occurs. 2 However, many still find the cash for purchases of small luxury items, such as lipstick. This phenomenon was termed the “lipstick effect” in the 1930s, by Leonard Lauder, former chairman of luxury cosmetic company Estée Lauder. He had not only witnessed the phenomenon at work but also realized that it was especially evident in the case of lipstick and other cosmetic products.
3 First and perhaps most obviously, consumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now and again as a distraction from their financial insecurity. Another theory has to do with labour markets. Specifically, during the economic depression, job-seeking tends to become more competitive. Thus, people seeking employment may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance. 4
5 During the global depression of 2007-2009, sales of cosmetics in the United States increased by around 5%. Based on such data, it seems that even in the current insecure economic climate, the luxury cosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around.
A.What does lipstick tell us about the economy?
B.They do not have enough to spend on big-ticket luxury items.
C.Whatever the causes of the “lipstick effect”, this phenomenon is no short-lived trend.
D.So, how exactly do consumers who are short of cash justify making such purchases?
E.The “lipstick effect” is a behavior that reflects economic conditions and emotional states.
F.By using products such as lipstick, they may feel more confident during job interviews.
G.Under these circumstances, millions of people suddenly found themselves facing financial insecurity.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅴ.读后续写
(2024甘肃武威期末)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young, I lived in a small village in Melaka. The spirit of good neighborliness was very strong then. The village had a variety of trades to serve the needs of the villagers. There was a barber, tailor, coffee shop owner, grocer and so on. All of us were quite poor but we got by. However, there was a family which could be considered to live a marginal existence. It was the Lim family living in the bicycle shop opposite our dwelling.
Mr. Lim, the bicycle mechanic, had a large brood of children—twelve to be exact. My mother was a kind-hearted soul. Often, she would remark that his children were dressed in ragged clothes and looked malnourished(营养不良的). My family was relatively better off in the village. My parents would bring whatever food we could spare to the Lim family.
I remember one particular year when times were very hard. Even my family had to make do with two meals a day. We stopped the practice of giving food to Mr. Lim. One day, I noticed my mother looking troubled. She had learned that the Lim family had not been eating for the past two days. She decided to sacrifice a portion of our meals for the family despite the protests from my brothers that were too hungry. Fortunately, the lean spell(不景气时期) did not last long, and the children in our family resumed our three meals a day.
As time went on, the number of customers at Lims shop increased rapidly. Business at his shop took off like a rocket. The family was much wealthier than before.
It was at this time that my fathers health was worsening. We were confused by the mysterious illness he was suffering from. Because of his lack of attention to his grocery store, the business became worse. My father then sold our family car to pay off the mounting bills. My brothers and I had to stop schooling because we could not afford the fees.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
They say that one good deed deserves another.
With the help of Mr. Lim, the situation in my family took a turn for the better.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.phases 2.obstacle 3.thefts 4.abused
Ⅱ.1.形容词;空白的 句意:结果,这些作家从来没有养成把大块的草稿画掉,在空白处写修改稿的习惯。
2.名词;空格,空白处 句意:他在一页纸上找了一个空白处,写下了自己的电话号码和姓名。
3.形容词;茫然的,无表情的 句意:这位学者可以从玛丽亚脸上茫然的表情看出来,他的演讲她一个字也没听懂。
Ⅲ.1.frustration 考查名词。句意: 令我沮丧的是,当我到车那儿时,发现电池没电了。to ones frustration为固定搭配,意为“令某人沮丧的是”。故填frustration。
2.To 考查介词。句意:令这家人悲痛的是,房子被大火完全烧毁了。“to the sorrow of +名词”意为“让……悲伤的是”,句首单词首字母要大写,故填To。
知识拓展
“to+the+n.+of+sb.”为固定用法,其中的名词常用joy(开心)、delight(高兴)、surprise(意外)、amazement(震惊)、fright(害怕)、horror(恐惧)等。
3.to 考查介词。句意: 没有胸腺的孩子对疫苗的免疫反应往往也受损。a response to意为“对……的反应/回应”。故填to。
4.subjective 考查形容词。句意: 此外,如果人工智能系统从主观信息中学习,它们可能会做出不公平的决定。此处修饰空后的名词information, 应用形容词作定语,空处表示“主观的”,故填subjective。
5.at 考查介词。句意: 研究证明,人们往往会对当下的事物存在偏好,过度关注眼前的刺激性事物,而损害自身的健康。at the expense of为固定搭配,意为“以损害……为代价”。故填at。
6.hired 考查时态。句意: 在我八年级前的那个夏天,我和一群男孩一起被附近的农场主雇用去他的地里干活。句中that引导定语从句,空处为该从句的谓语。根据The summer before my eighth grade和语境可知,句子讲述的是过去的事,应用一般过去时。故填hired。
易错归因
此题易错填was hired, 误以为要考虑定语从句中that与hire之间的关系,实际上,a neighboring farmer在从句中作主语,that在从句中作宾语,从句主语与hire之间为主动关系。
Ⅳ.1.to make ends meet 2.were subject to the weather 3.do a further favour 4.As is often the case 5.which is beneficial to
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.since 考查连词。句意:自从我们蹒跚学步以来,我们就被告知“分享是好的”。分析句子结构可知,“that ‘Its good to share’”为that引导的宾语从句,作前边have been told的宾语;结合句意可知,“ 1 we were toddlers”为设空处引导的时间状语从句,设空处表示“自从……以来”,故填since。注意:此句中谓语have been told与其宾语被分隔开了,中间放入了状语,做题时需仔细分析句子结构。
2.have expanded 考查时态及主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,人们几乎已经将它扩展到了我们生活的方方面面……。根据时间状语Up to now及语境可知应用现在完成时。主语是people,故填have expanded。
3.response 考查名词。不定冠词a后用单数名词。
4.delivered 考查过去分词。句中已有谓语动词is,设空处应用非谓语动词。deliver的逻辑主语all与句子主语This richness of ways of sharing不一致,则“all 4 at the click of a button”为独立主格结构;all与deliver为逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词。
5.cutting 考查现在分词。句中已有谓语动词encourages,设空处应用非谓语动词;此处表示句中第二个逗号前边讲的事造成的自然而然的结果,应用现在分词短语作结果状语。
6.a 考查冠词。do a further favour意为“再帮一个忙”。
7.faster 考查比较级。根据空后的than可知应用fast的比较级。
8.to 考查介词。be subject to为固定短语,在此处意为“可能受……影响,易遭受……”。
9.personal 考查形容词。设空处修饰空后的名词information,应用形容词作定语,表示“个人的”,故填personal。
10.is 考查时态及主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,“what is in no doubt”为what引导的主语从句,设空处为主句的谓语动词,“that the sharing economy...the global economy”为that引导的表语从句。结合语境可知应用一般现在时,表示客观情况。此处为what引导的从句作主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了张裕酒业的创办和发展。
【高频词汇】 1.establish v.创立 2.initially adv.起初;最先 3.continuous adj.持续的;不断的
【熟词生义】 source 熟义:n.来源 生义:v.获得
1.is located 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:烟台张裕集团有限公司位于山东省烟台港附近,是中国规模最大、历史最悠久的葡萄酒生产商。“be located+介词短语”为固定搭配,意为“位于……”。本句在陈述事实,应用一般现在时,主语Changyu为单数概念,故填is located。
2.figures 考查名词的数。句意:它是由张弼士创立的,张弼士是一位杰出的有创业精神的实业家,他被认为是当时最富有的白手起家的人物之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一”。故填figures。
3.entirely 考查副词。句意:张弼士最初从美国进口了2,000株葡萄藤,这些葡萄藤因完全不习惯新环境而死亡。此处应用副词作状语修饰形容词unused,故填entirely。
4.bore 考查时态。句意:它们成功地结出了果实。这里陈述过去的事,应用一般过去时。故填bore。
易错归因
此题易因不清楚bear的不规则变化而填错,bear的过去式和过去分词分别为bore、borne。
5.what 考查宾语从句。句意:1905年,张裕建成了当时亚洲最大的地下酒窖。completed后缺少宾语,所以“ 5 was then Asias largest underground wine cellar”为宾语从句,设空处为该宾语从句的引导词并且在从句中作主语,表示“……的事物”,故用what。
6.gaining 考查现在分词。句意:1915年,张裕的酒因其高品质在巴拿马太平洋万国博览会上获得四个大奖章,使中国葡萄酒第一次获得国际认可。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语won,且第二个逗号后没有连词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词。根据语境可知第二个逗号后的内容为前面内容产生的自然而然的结果,提示词gain与主语Changyus wine之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作结果状语。故填gaining。
7.innovation 考查名词。设空处与trial并列,应用名词innovation,意为“创新”,为不可数名词。
8.recognized 考查过去分词。recognize与variety of grapes为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作定语,表示“被认可的”。故填recognized。
易错归因
本题易误填形容词recognizable,该词意为“容易认出的,易于识别的”,与此处想要表达的意思不符。
9.a 考查冠词。此处表示“生产了一种味道完全不同的红酒”,空处意为“一种”,表示泛指,应用不定冠词;空后totally的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
10.as 考查介词。句意:从1937年开始,张裕就一直以“解百纳”作为注册商标。use...as...意为“把……用作……”。故填as。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了存钱罐策略,教导人们定期储蓄,理财从点滴做起。
【高频词汇】 1.associate v.联想;联系 2.originally adv.起初;最先 3.regularly adv.定期地;有规律地
【熟词生义】 fashion 熟义:n.时尚;流行 生义:v.使成形;塑造
【差距词汇】 time-honored adj.历史悠久的
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Wealth starts with a goal saving a dollar at a time. Call it the piggy bank strategy.”及第二段通过多种假设进行的解释可知,存钱罐策略指的是定期存一小笔钱以备将来使用。故选D。
2.A 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Around the world, many believe a gift of a piggy bank on New Years Day brings good luck and financial success. Ah, yes, but you have to put something in it.”可知,许多人认为存钱罐作为新年礼物会带来好运和经济上的成功,但需要在里面放上东西。由此推断,放到存钱罐里面的是钱,所以something指代金钱(money)。故选A。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第四段对存钱罐的介绍尤其是其中的“Potters made these inexpensive containers from an orange-colored clay called ‘pygg’ and folks saved coins in pygg jars.”可知,存钱罐原本是廉价的陶土容器。故选B。
4.C 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“While piggy banks teach children the wisdom of saving, adults often need to relearn childhood lessons...So when you have money, take off the top 10%, put it aside, save and invest wisely.”可知,存钱罐教会孩子们储蓄的智慧,成年人也需要重新学习储蓄的意义,并提到生活中需要大量资金的事情,如大学教育、婚礼、买车等,强调了理财的重要性。由此可知,最后一段讨论了管理金钱的重要性。故选C。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在经济萧条期间,消费者倾向于购买小奢侈品如口红的现象,即“口红效应”,并介绍了其背后的原因和市场表现。
【高频词汇】 1.restricted adj.受限制的;有限的
2.luxury adj.奢侈的 n.奢华;奢侈品 3.depression n.萧条期,经济衰退;抑郁,沮丧 4.witness v.见证;目睹 5.perceive v.意识到,注意到;认为,理解
【熟词生义】 term 熟义:n.术语;学期 生义:v.把……称为
【差距词汇】 stick around不走开,待在原地
1.G 细节句。由空前句可知,一场流行病使世界陷入了经济衰退,由空后内容可知,经济衰退影响了人们消费的态度。结合选项可知,G项(在这种情况下,数百万的人突然发现自己面临着经济上的无保障)承接上文提到的经济衰退情况,同时是下文消费观念改变的原因,符合语境。故选G。
2.B 过渡句。空前指出了“口红效应”是什么,由此可知,本空要讲与“购买小型奢侈品的原因”有关的话题,由下文“However”可知,下文内容与空处内容为转折关系。结合选项可知,B项(他们没有足够的钱购买高价奢侈品)与下文形成对比,说明人们在经济萧条时没钱买大件奢侈品,但仍会买小件奢侈品,符合语境,且B项中的They指代上文的“consumers spending on small luxury goods”,B项中的“big-ticket luxury items”与空后的“small luxury items”形成对比。故选B。
3.D 主旨句。空处位于段首,为本段主旨句。空后提到了几种理论来解释“口红效应”形成的原因。由此推断本空跟此现象的原因有关。D项(那么,现金短缺的消费者究竟如何证明进行此类购买是合理的呢?)提出了一个关于消费者心理的问题,引出下文对原因的讨论,能够概括全段内容,符合语境。故选D。
4.F 细节句。由上文“Thus, people seeking...to improve their physical appearance.”可知,此处指出寻找工作的人可能会觉得有必要花钱购买某些产品来改善他们的外表。F项(通过使用口红之类的产品,他们可能会在求职面试中感到更加自信)进一步说明了使用口红之类的产品对求职者的好处,与上文关于求职的内容相呼应,F项中的they指代空前的“people seeking employment”,与上文衔接紧密,符合语境。故选F。
5.C 过渡句。由下文“During the global depression...increased by around 5%...in the current insecure economic climate, the luxury cosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around.”可知,本段既回顾了2007—2009年的情况,也提到了在现在的经济状况下奢侈化妆品的情况,结合选项可知,C项(不管造成“口红效应”的原因是什么,这种现象都不是短暂的趋势)承接上文提到的造成“口红效应”的原因,同时引出下文用数据证明“口红效应”不是短期趋势的内容,承上启下,符合语境。故选C。
Ⅴ.
写作指导
情节线
情感线
故事
要素
时间
作者小的时候,在非常艰难的某一年,作者的父亲身体变差的时候
同情、乐
于助人
难过、不
安、绝望
作者有何
感受?(感
激、高兴、
欣慰还是沮
丧、难过)
作者内心
发生了什
么变化?
地点
马六甲的一个小村庄
人物
Lim一家人,作者一家人
情节
开端
作者家开着一间杂货店,生活条件好一些。Lim家开着一家自行车店,孩子多,缺衣少食。作者的父母经常救济他们家。
发展
在一天只能吃两顿饭的生活困难时期,作者的妈妈看到Lim家已经两天没有食物可吃,于是把本就不够的饭分给了他们一部分。
高潮
后来,Lim家的生意逐渐好转,生活也好多了。这时作者的爸爸生病了,作者家的情况每况愈下,甚至卖掉了家里的汽车来支付账单。因为交不起学费,作者和他的兄弟们都退学了。
续写
方向
Para. 1
他们说善有善报。(段首句)
由第二段开头语可知,Lim先生帮助了作者家。
①Lim先生是如何帮助作者家的?
②为什么说善有善报?
③这一点是怎么体现的?
Para. 2
在Lim先生的帮助下,我家的情况有了好转。(段首句)
①作者家在Lim先生的帮助下具体有哪些方面的改善?
②他们两家的关系发生了什么变化?
③作者有什么感悟?
One possible version:
They say that one good deed deserves another. Mr. Lim, our neighbor, learned of our plight and stepped in to help. He stated simply that it was his turn to repay the kindness that my parents had shown to him in the past. Mr. Lim arranged for my father to consult a famous doctor. Not only was this doctors diagnosis of my fathers medical condition accurate, but the doctor was also able to cure my father. Besides, he arranged a loan for my fathers business. He also told my brothers and me that we should not give up our education and arranged to finance our education.
With the help of Mr. Lim, the situation in my family took a turn for the better. My father recovered from his illness gradually and his business recovered the next year. My father is now the proud owner of the villages mini-market. Mr. Lim has expanded his business, too. My brothers and I are among the top students in the school. Whenever my parents met up with Mr. Lim, they would thank him for his past help. He would just say that he was merely repaying a kindness. The children in both families have brotherly friendship now. The story between the Lim family and my family has proved a saying that kindness leads to kindness.
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$