UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION（课件）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

该高中英语课件聚焦科幻单元高频词汇、短语及语法，通过教材例句与高考真题导入，结合用法归纳、即时巩固构建学习支架，帮助学生衔接新旧知识，系统掌握语言要点。 其亮点在于以语言能力培养为核心，通过词汇拓展（如appointment的用法及派生词）、语法归纳（如被动语态时态变化）提升思维品质，搭配即时练习促进学习能力发展。学生能提升语言运用能力，教师可高效开展教学。

She had an appointment to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop.她约 好了去做美甲,然后她走进一家高档的服装店。  教材P2   　　She dashed off to keep an appointment.她急匆匆地赶去赴约。 There have been different reactions to her appointment as director.对她被任命为主管一事, 人们的反应不同。 Owing to a severe headache, I have made an appointment with a specialist, and my mother will take me to see him.由于头痛严重,我已经预约了一位专科医生,我母亲会带我去见他。   ①　　     an appointment (with sb.)(和某人)约定/预约 高频词汇精讲 1 appointment n.预约;约会;委任 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ②have an appointment (with sb.)(和某人)有约 ③　　    /miss an appointment准时赴约/失约 ④confirm/reschedule/cancel an appointment确认预约/重新安排预约/取消预约 ⑤one's/an appointment 　　    ...(某人)被委任某职位/被任命……的职务   ①appoint vt.委派,任命;约定(时间、地点) appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人做某事 appoint sb. as...任命某人为…… appoint sb. to...委派某人去……任职 •Having graduated from college, he was appointed to hold a position in the physics de- partment.大学毕业后,他被委派去物理系任职。 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ②appointed adj.指定的;事先约定好的 the appointed time/place指定的时间/地点   ①To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your 　　    (appoint). ②(2025河南信阳月考)In 1958, Mr. Huang was appointed 　　    the chief designer for China's first nuclear submarine project. ③(2025福建厦门期中)In 1954, Dr Lin was elected to the First National People's Congress. Though appointed 　　    (hold) many important positions, she was more interested in tending patients. UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ④(2023北京)Years later having moved to France, I turned up at the 　　    (appoint) hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest had arrived and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. ⑤(2024全国甲)Emile Ducke说:“人们一大早就开始排队预约了。” “People started queuing to 　　　　　　　　    early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke.   UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 用法归纳:①make　③keep　⑤as 即时巩固:①appointment　②as ③to hold　④appointed ⑤make an appointment 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty. 虽然她完全是清白的,但是克莱尔依 然感到内疚。  教材P2 A man was found guilty of breaking into a house and stealing money.一名男子因入室 偷钱而被判有罪。 I felt guilty about not visiting my grandparents frequently who love me very much.我因 没有常去看望非常爱我的祖父母而感到内疚。   ①be found guilty 　　    (doing) sth. 被判决犯有……罪 ②be guilty of doing sth. 有做……的过失 2 guilty adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ③feel/be guilty 　　    /at (doing)...对(做)……感到内疚   ①guilt n.内疚;犯罪;罪行 a sense of guilt内疚感 be seized by guilt深感内疚 ②guiltily adv.内疚地;有罪地   ①(2025江苏宿迁期中)When my son started preschool, I realized he was different. Almost every morning at the drop-off area, he would hold on to my leg until I could free myself and run away feeling 　　    (guilt). UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ②(2025河南郑州中学模拟)We all may be guilty　　     posting something weak and emotional on social media from time to time, which isn't a bad thing. ③Jack 　　    (guilty) lowered his head when his teacher caught him cheating in the exam. ④As we sat in the waiting room, I was overwhelmed by 　　　　　　　　　　　    (内疚感) and wished him to awake. UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 用法归纳:①of　③about 即时巩固:①guilty　②about/at ③guiltily　④a sense of guilt 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她听见他宣称他第二天不想离开她,并且他不仅仅是想让她高 兴。  教材P3   When the staff asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly against the policy.员工 向他征求意见时,他声明强烈反对这项政策。 Hearing the sports meeting declared open, all the students in our school burst into cheers.听 到运动会宣布开幕,我们学校的所有学生都欢呼起来。    3 declare vt.表明;宣称;公布 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 Julian screamed with delight when he was declared (to be) the winner of the competition.当 宣布朱利安赢得比赛时,他高兴得尖叫起来。   ①declare for/　　    ...声明支持/反对…… ②declare sb./oneself (　　    )...宣布某人是/自称是…… ③declare sth.+adj.宣布某物/某事…… ④declare war on...向……宣战   ①declaration n.宣布;公告;宣言;声明(书) the Declaration of Independence 《独立宣言》 issue/sign a declaration发布/签署公告 ②[近]announce v.宣布;通知;宣称 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 state v.陈述;声明;说明   ①They responded positively and declared 　　    the government's decision to strengthen tradi- tional Chinese festivals. ②The mayor issued a public 　　    (declare) promising to improve the city's transportation sys- tem within a year. ③Jacob stayed with the family until the firefighters 　　　　　　　　　　　    (宣布房子是安 全的). UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 用法归纳:①against　②to be 即时巩固:①for　②declaration ③declared the house safe 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 money paid for work or services, typically on a daily or weekly basis为工作或服务支付的 报酬,通常按天或周支付  教材P4   A new exhibition in Halifax uses everyday activities to explain the hidden math principles we all use on a regular basis.哈利法克斯的一场新展览利用日常活动来阐释我们都经常会用到 的隐藏的数学原理。  (2021新高考Ⅱ)   ①on a daily basis 　　     ②on a 　　    basis定期;经常 ③on a 24/7 basis全天候 4 on a...basis根据;以……的方式(基准) UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步   ①on the basis of... 在……的基础上,根据……;因为…… •Don't judge a person on the basis of appearance.不要以貌取人。 ②on the basis that... 因为…… •Some movies are banned on the basis that they have a negative impact on the teens.有些 电影因为对青少年有负面影响而被禁播。   ①(2025重庆市第十八中学月考)She was the first Chinese academic to translate Miguel de Cer- vantes' Spanish novel Don Quixote into Chinese and at that time, her translation was honored as the recreation of the original work 　　    the basis of loyalty. UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ②(2022全国乙)That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 　　    (base). ③定期做平板支撑是增强肌肉力量的好方法,而且其益处不止于此。 Doing plank exercises 　　　　　　　　　　　    is a great way to strengthen your muscles, and its benefits go beyond this. UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 用法归纳:①每天　②regular 即时巩固:①on　②basis　③on a regular basis 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 They believe if AI can handle tasks like calculating and driving for us, we will have more time for creating, thinking, and “being human”.他们认为,如果人工智能可以为我们处理计算和 驾驶等任务,我们将有更多的时间来创造、思考和“当人类”。 教材P4   We can't calculate on parents doing everything for us.我们不能指望父母为我们做一 切。 This advertisement is calculated to attract the attention of housewives.这个广告旨在引起家 庭主妇们的注意。 It is calculated that some of the world's more than 7,000 languages are in danger of getting extinct.据计算,世界上七千多种语言中的一些正处于消亡的危险之中。 5 calculate v.计算;核算;预测 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步   ①calculate 　　    sb. doing sth.指望/期望某人做某事 ②be calculated 　　    sth.旨在做某事 ③ 　　    is calculated that...据计算……   ①calculation n.[C,U]计算;估计;评估;预测 ②calculator n.计算器   ①According to most 　　    (calculate), race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories per hour. UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ②(2022全国乙)It 　　    (calculate) that European railways alone spend approximately 20 bil-li on euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. ③(2025河北邯郸月考)Have you ever wondered what you would do to solve math problems if you had no 　　    (calculate) or computer or even pencil and paper? UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 用法归纳:①on　②to do　③It 即时巩固:①calculation(s)　②is calculated　③calculator 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 In sci-fi stories, robots often become superior and take over.在科幻小说故事中,机器人往往 会变得更强,并占上风。 教材P6   The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools of human minds.人类的大脑将永远优于机器,因为机器只是人脑的工具。      be superior 　　    ... 比……更好   　　superior本身就含有“较”的意思,故没有比较级或最高级形式。表示两者之间的比较 6 superior adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 时,不与than连用,而要与to连用。   ①superiority n.优越(性),优势 ②inferior adj.较差的,次的,比不上……的 be inferior to...比不上……,比……差   ①(2025江苏南京市中华中学调研)Though you might mature at a faster rate than some of your fellow humans, you will never be superior 　　    another person. ②Gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even 　　    (superior). UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 用法归纳:to 即时巩固:①to　②superiority 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.夜晚来了, 就像一盏灯被熄灭了,转眼间白天又来了。 教材P8   Eventually, the hiking turned out to be a delightful experience.最终,此次徒步旅行证明是 一次愉快的经历。 It turned out that some hikers noticed the unusual bottle in the water.结果一些徒步旅行者 注意到了水中那个不同寻常的瓶子。   ①turn out 　　    ...结果是……;证明是…… ②turn out well/fine结果不错/令人满意 ③　　     turned/turns out that...结果……;原来…… 7 turn out关掉;熄灭;出席;在场;使朝外;结果是;生产 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步   ①(2025吉林长春二实验中学月考)At 17, Alexandr Wang served as the tech lead at Quora where he met Lucy Guo, with whom he founded Scale AI, which 　　    (turn)out to be a considerable success. ②(2025江西临川一中月考)　　     turns out that overworking your brain with either physical or mental exercise may lower your ability to put off self-satisfaction. UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 用法归纳:①to be　③It 即时巩固:①turned　②It 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air. 随着我的速度加快,实验室的墙壁消失了,我被留在了户外。 教材P8   A 30-minute run at a pace of six mph usually burns about 400 calories.以时速6英里跑30分 钟通常会消耗约400卡路里。 Today, people from all walks of life are trying to acquire more knowledge to keep pace with the development of our times.如今来自各行各业的人们正在试图获得更多的知识以跟上时代 发展的步伐。    ①keep pace 　　    ...与……步伐一致;与……并驾齐驱 8 pace n.速度;步伐;节奏 v.确定速度;调整节奏 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ②　　     a pace of...以……的速度 ③pace up and down来回踱步   fast-paced/slow-paced adj.快/慢节奏的 self-paced adj.自定节奏的   ①(2025山西大学附中月考)The hike on land will be no more than a few kilometres and will be 　　    a slow pace, so you can fully enjoy the exciting landscapes and wildlife. ②(2025天津月考)I thought it was a crazy idea because I didn't have the ability to keep pace     　    the others on the team and I was afraid they would make fun of me. UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ③他点亮了餐厅的灯,拿出一支雪茄,开始在房间里来回踱步。 He lit the dining-room lamp, got out a cigar, and began to 　　　　　　　　　　　    in the room. 用法归纳:①with　②at 即时巩固:①at　②with　③pace up and down 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!我有一 种强烈的冲动去看那些正在我眼前随机闪过的东西! 教材P8   I decided that if I learned of a company which used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.我决定,如果我知道一家公司使用了大量的塑料,我会给它发一封电子邮 件,敦促它减少使用量。 (2021新高考Ⅱ) The speaker urged that we (should) do our part to protect our environment.这位演讲者 敦促我们尽自己的一份力量来保护我们的环境。 It is urged that immediate measures (should) be taken to protect the endangered species.人 们强烈要求立即采取措施保护濒危物种。 9 urge n.强烈的欲望;冲动 vt.催促;力劝;敦促;大力推荐 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步    ①have a(n)...urge to do sth.有……的欲望做某事  ②urge sb. 　　    sth.敦促/力劝某人做某事 ③urge that...敦促/力劝……[that从句用虚拟语气,即谓语用“　　　　    ”] ④　　     is urged that...(人们)主张/强烈要求……(that从句用虚拟语气,同③)   ①urgent adj.(行动、事件)紧急的;(状态、形势)紧迫的 in urgent need of repair急需修缮 it is urgent that...当务之急是…… UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ②urgently adv.紧急地;迫切地 ③urgency n.紧急,紧迫 a sense of urgency紧迫感   ①(2025河南信阳期末)The technology gives gate agents a hearable signal when someone scans his/her ticket and tries to board early, urging the passenger 　　    (step) aside and wait for his/ her correct group to be called. ②(2025山西运城调研)Pay attention to when you have an urge　　    (lift) your phone or use social media. When you become aware of it, simply ask yourself, “Do I really need to do this right now?” UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ③(2025天津一中月考)Volunteers gathered quickly to provide support and resources for those affected by the crisis in response to the　　    (urge) request for assistance. ④(2025江苏淮安开学考试)In the future, such artificial vessels could be used as part of lab- made organs to save the lives of people 　　    (urgent) awaiting donated organs for transplant. ⑤我们一到露营地,妈妈就迫不及待地冲了出去,兴奋地催促我们搭帐篷。(the moment;urge) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 用法归纳:②to do　③(should+)动词原形　④It 即时巩固:①to step　②to lift ③urgent　④urgently　⑤The moment we arrived at the camping site/place, Mom couldn’t wait to rush out and excitedly urged us to put up the tent. 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else, we would be forced together and explode like a bomb!但是如果我停下来,同样的空间被其他东西占据了,我们就 会被挤在一起,然后像炸弹一样爆炸! 教材P9   We all exploded into wild laughter.我们都一下子大笑起来。 I exploded with anger/rage and screamed at the top of my lungs, “Enough! You are not my boy anymore!”我勃然大怒,声嘶力竭地大喊:“够了!你不再是我的孩子了!”   10 explode vi.&vt.爆炸;爆破;激增,勃然(大怒) UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 explode into/with sth.突然发生某事;突然爆发某种感情   ①explosion n.爆炸;突然爆发;激增 an/the information explosion信息爆炸 ②explosive adj.(易)爆炸的;爆炸性的 n.炸药   ①The 　　    (explode) in popularity of the local spicy hot pot in Gansu is closely associated with the local eating habits. ②The crowd exploded 　　    cheers when the home team scored the winning goal in the final minute. UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ③(2025黑龙江哈尔滨市第九中学校期末)If you want to see a play that combines music, singing, drama, poetry and costume design with 　　    (explode) effect, The Revenge of Prince Zidan ticks all the right boxes. UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 即时巩固:①explosion　②with/ into　③explosive 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 词汇 释义 用法& 拓展 ridiculous adj.愚蠢的;荒谬的;荒唐的 It is ridiculous that...荒谬的是 ……  absurd adj.荒谬的;荒唐的 高频词汇积累 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 dismiss vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇; 消除;不予考虑 dismiss sth./sb. as...认为某物/ 某人……而不予考虑 dismiss sb. for...因为……而 解雇某人 dismiss sb. from his/her post 将某人免职 dismissal n.解雇;开除;不予考 虑 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 weekly adj.每周的  n.周刊 adv.每周 一次 a weekly meeting周会     a weekly magazine周刊     a weekly wage周薪 Employees are paid weekly. =Employees have weekly wages. 雇员按周领工资。 pros and cons 事物的利与弊;支持与反对 weigh up the pros and cons权 衡利弊 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 take over 占上风;取而代之;接管;接手; 取得对……的控制 take over sth./take sth. over接 管某物/某事 take over from...接替…… take over as...接任…… conflict with 与……冲突或抵触 be in conflict with与……冲突 (状态) come into conflict with与…… 发生冲突(动作) labour n.劳动(者);体力劳动 vi.奋斗; 努力工作; 干苦力活 a labour union工会 a labour shortage劳动力短缺 the labour force劳动力 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 inch n.英寸(=2.54厘米); 少量;短距 离  v.(使朝某方向)谨慎移动 by an inch=by inches差点,险 些 inch by inch缓慢而谨慎地;一 步一步 backwards(英) backward(美) adv.向后;倒着;往回 forward(s) adv.向前 upward(s) adv.向上　     downward(s) adv.向下 eastward(s) adv.向东　     westward(s) adv.向西 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 fetch vt.(去)拿来;(去)请来   UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 division n.分开;分隔;分配;差异;  除(法) the division of sth. between A and B某物在A和B之间的分 配 divide v.(使)分开;分配;除(以) n.差异,分歧 　divide (sth.) into...(把某物) 分成…… random adj.随机的; 出乎意外的 at random 随意地;任意地 randomly adv.随机地;胡乱地; 任意地 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 maximum adj.最大极限的 n.最大量;最 大限度 a maximum of... 最多/至多… … to the maximum达到最大限 度  minimum adj.最小的 n.最 小值 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 mud n.泥;泥浆 muddy adj.泥泞的 -y为形容词后缀,表示“充满 ……的;有……特征的”。帮 助名词构成形容词。如:rainy 多雨的;sleepy瞌睡的;woody 树木茂盛的;sunny阳光充足 的。 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步   1 more...than.../more than... He seemed more like a human than a machine.他看起来更像一个人,而不是机器。 教材P2 She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她听到他宣布他第二天并不想离开她,而且他不仅仅是想让她开 心。 教材P3   There are more people than we expected due to the sudden weekend promotion at the shopping mall.由于购物广场周末突然推出促销活动,人比我们预期的要多。 Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before.烹 饪节目和关于食物的纪录片比以前播放得更频繁了。 (2023全国乙) It is more a picture than a poem.与其说它是一首诗,不如说它是一幅画。 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use phi- losophy to improve a life.这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书,更是一本关于学习用哲学来改 善生活的书。 (2023全国甲) Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.Bailey在跑到超过赛程的三分之二时,她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭 泣。 (2023新课标Ⅰ) They were more than happy to see us come back from the expedition.看到我们远征而归,他 们非常高兴。   　　①more...than...比……多的……;比……更……;　　　     UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ②more than+    ①The newly proposed plan seems more like a distant dream 　　    a real solution. ②(2025山西部分学校联考)查理带着一种轻松愉快的活力,提醒运动员们生活不仅仅是篮球 和功课。 Charley brings a kind of light-hearted energy, reminding the players that life is about 　　　　     　　　    and schoolwork. ③(2025湖南邵阳期中)截至目前,“一带一路”倡议已得到100多个国家和组织的支持,覆盖 约21万亿美元的经济规模。 Up to now, the Belt and Road Initiative has been supported by 　　　　　　　　　　　    and UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 organizations, which cover an economic scale of about $21 trillion. ④孩子们对即将到来的露营旅行兴奋不已,他们已经收拾了好几天行李了。 The kids are 　　　　　　　　    about the upcoming camping trip; they've been packing for days.   UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 用法归纳:①与其说……不如说……　②不仅仅是;非常 即时巩固:①than　②more than basketball    ③more than 100 countries　 ④more than excited 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.当她转过身时,格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那 里。 教材P2   For a moment nothing happened. Then came voices all shouting together.一时之间什么也 没有发生。然后传来了齐声喊叫的声音。    After the five wonderful songs, next came the interesting games.欣赏了五首精彩的歌曲,接 下来是有趣的游戏环节。 Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas in the street.下雨了,街上的伞都撑起 来了。    2 副词位于句首的完全倒装句 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步   　　当表示方向、地点和时间的副词out、in、up、down、away、back、there、here、 now、next、then等放在①　　    ,谓语动词是be、go、come、run、lie、stand等,且主语是② 　　    时,句子常用完全倒装,即整个谓语置于主语前面。   (1)在完全倒装句中,谓语动词多用一般现在时或者一般过去时。 (2)当主语为代词时,主谓不倒装。 •Here he comes.他来了。 (3)在完全倒装句中,整个谓语都位于主语之前,所以应注意主谓一致的问题。   UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 　　将表语或表示地点的介词短语置于句首时,其后也通常用完全倒装语序。 •Present at the activity are students with a keen interest in different cultures as well as their teachers.参加这次活动的有对不同文化怀有浓厚兴趣的学生以及他们的老师。 •In the small space was the brightest and most beautiful Christmas tree I had ever seen.在那 狭小的空间里是我见过的最明亮、最漂亮的圣诞树。    ①Between rows of trees　　    (stand) a new building, which is supposed to be our new library and electronic reading room. ②The children rushed out the moment the bell rang.(用倒装句改写) →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     ③Mr. Green and many other guests were present at the party last night.(用倒装句改写) →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     ④(2025广东深圳期中)The days when physical strength was all you needed to make a living are gone.(用倒装句改写) →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 用法归纳:①句首　②名词 即时巩固:①stands　②Out rushed the children the moment the bell rang.　 ③Present at the party last night were Mr. Green and many other guests. ④Gone are the days when physical strength was all you needed to make a living. 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.他建议她邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来,时间就定在他 要离去和拉里要回来的前夜。   The meeting was to be held the next week.会议将于下一周举行。 Justice was to prevail and peace was to come.正义必将获胜,和平注定会来到。 The discovery was to have a great influence on the treatment of cancer.这一发现后来对治 疗癌症产生了很大的影响。   　　was/were to do为过去将来时的一种形式,可以表示: 3 was/were to do的用法 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ①曾经计划要做的事,但不表明计划是否被执行; ②注定要发生(而不是计划)的事; ③后来发生的事。   (1)was/were to do有时是“系动词be+动词不定式”作表语的结构。 •The mission was to find the key.任务是找到那把钥匙。 (2)if引导的条件状语从句中用were to do表示对将来情况的虚拟,不受主语人称和数的限制。 •If I were to do the work, I would do it in a different way.要是我来做这项工作,我会以不 同的方式去做。   　　is/are to do结构表示按计划或约定将要做的事,也可以表示可能性、应该、必要、责 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 任、义务、禁止等。 •We are to meet at 8 a.m. in the conference room.我们上午八点在会议室见。(计划) •People are not to smoke in the office.禁止人们在办公室吸烟。(禁止)   ①(2021新高考Ⅰ)My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. Our aim was 　　    (see) if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. ②Our dream was 　　    (build) a small library in the countryside, where children could read books they'd never had access to before. ③她本打算第二天离开去巴黎,但因天气恶劣航班取消了。 She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    the next day, but her flight was canceled due to bad weather. UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 ④她在阁楼里找到的那把小钥匙后来成了多年后解开家族谜团的线索。 The small key she found in the attic 　　　　　　　　    the clue that solved the family mystery years later.   UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 即时巩固:①to see　②to build ③was to leave for Paris ④was to become   答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 答案 ①时间状语　②宾语　③宾语　④主语　⑤宾语　⑥should UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 复习被动语态 　　被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。当强调动作的承受者,不必或不方便指明动作 的执行者,或出于其他的修辞需要时,可使用被动语态。   Students are dismissed an hour and a half early on Wednesday.学生们周三提前一个半小时 放学。 (2025新课标Ⅰ) I was invited to a cookout on an old friend's farm in western Washington.我被邀请去华盛 顿西部一个老朋友的农场野餐。 (2023浙江1月) Training and tools will be provided.将提供培训和工具。 (2024新课标Ⅰ) 一 被动语态概述 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 　　The elderly residents in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.让伦敦养老院的老年居民照顾母鸡,以消除他们的孤独感。 (2022新高 考Ⅰ) Walking into the room, we noticed that the children were being taught how to draw a duck. 走进房间,我们注意到孩子们正在被教授如何画鸭子。    The charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.该慈善机构已经得到 了财政支持,以便在全国范围内推广这个活动。 (2022新高考Ⅰ) When we arrived, all the vegetables had been sold out.当我们到达的时候,所有的蔬菜都已 经卖光了。 Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient across the board.成本将被削减, 运营效率将全面提高。 (2022全国乙) When you arrive at six tomorrow, the work will have been finished.你明天六点钟到的时 候,工作就已经做完了。 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 Registration must be made at least two weeks in advance.登记必须至少提前两周进行。  (2022新高考Ⅱ)   (1)被动语态的基本构成形式:助动词be+及物动词的①　　　　　    (+by sb.)。 (2)不同的时态下谓语动词有不同的被动语态构成形式。被动语态发生时态变化时只变be的 形式。 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 一般现在时 am/is/are done 一般过去时 ②　　　　　     一般将来时 will/shall be done;am/is/are going to be done; am/is/are to be done 现在进行时 ③　　　　　     过去进行时 was/were being done 现在完成时 ④　　　　　     过去完成时 ⑤　　　　　     过去将来时 ⑥　　　　　     将来完成时 will/shall have been done UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 (3)含情态动词的被动语态:⑦　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步   It is said that the story happened in the 19th century.据说这个故事发生在19世纪。 It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week.已经确认会议将于下个星 期召开。   　　⑧　　　　　    不能用于被动语态,如happen、rise、die、appear、occur、break out、 take place等。   He was made to work with the man for a day.他被迫与那个男人一起工作了一天。 He is often seen to play basketball by us.我们经常看见他打篮球。 二 被动语态应注意的问题 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步   　　在使役动词make和感官动词see、hear、watch、observe、notice等后面作宾语补足语的 不定式需省略to,但在被动语态中不定式要⑨　　    。   The patients were taken good care of in the hospital.病人们在医院里得到了很好的照料。 The lights are turned off at 11 p.m. every day.每天晚上11点关灯。   　　短语动词变为被动语态时不可漏掉与动词搭配的⑩　　　　　    ,这样的短语动词常见 的有:take care of、laugh at、hand in、carry out、turn off、make use of、pay attention to、at- tend to、take part in等。   UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 These books which are intended for children sell well.这些儿童用书卖得很好。 The material tears easily, so be careful when you wear it.这种料子很容易撕破,因此你穿的 时候要小心。 People all agreed that the delivery guy deserved praising.人们一致认为这名快递员值得表 扬。 The temple requires repairing.这座寺庙需要修缮了。 In my opinion, the salesgirl is to blame for the quarrel.在我看来,这次争吵该怪那个女售货 员。   　　主动形式表示被动意义: (1)有些动词可以用主动形式表示被动意义,如sell、tear、write、read、wash等。这些动词往 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 往指事物的特征,且常与well、easily、badly等副词连用。 (2)be worth以及want、need、require、deserve后可接动名词的 　　    形式表示被动意 义。 (3)sb. be to blame用主动形式表示被动意义,表示“某人应受责备”。   Three people got badly injured in the traffic accident.在这场交通事故中三个人受了 重伤。   　　“ 　　    +过去分词”也可以表示被动意义。 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 1.动词不定式的被动语态   My heart leaped with joy as I knew we were likely to be saved.当我知道我们很有可能得救 时,我的心高兴得狂跳。    He is said to have been given a gold medal.据说他已经获得了一枚金牌。   三 非谓语动词的被动语态 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 被动结构 用法 一般式  　　　　     表示发生在谓语动词之后或 与谓语动词(几乎)同时发生 的被动动作 完成式  　　　　     表示发生在谓语动词之前的 被动动作 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步   　　不定式的主动形式表示被动意义 (1)动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系,又和句中另一名 词或代词构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,不定式常用主动形式表示被动含义。 •I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.今天下午我有许多事要做。(to do与 things是逻辑上的动宾关系,与I是逻辑上的主谓关系) (2)在某些形容词作表语或宾语补足语,并且形容词后跟不定式的结构中,句子的主语或宾语 是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这样的形容词有easy, hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。 •You may find your failure hard to accept.你可能觉得难以接受自己的失败。 •This kind of novel is easy to find in the bookstores.这种小说在书店里很容易找到。 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 2.动词-ing形式的被动语态   Being selected as chair of the students' union made him feel proud.被选为学生会主席让他 很自豪。 Tony was very unhappy at not having been invited to the party.托尼对未受邀参加聚会甚 为不满。   UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 被动结构 用法 一般式  　　　　     既可表示与谓语动词同时发 生的被动动作,也可表示在谓 语动词之前或之后发生的被 动动作 完成式 having been done 表示发生在谓语动词之前的 被动动作 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步   ①再次经过那座被遗弃的房子时,我发现了打破的窗户,它已经被完美地修复了。(repair) Passing the deserted house again, I spotted the broken window, which 　　　　　　　　　　     perfectly. ②必须充分利用每一分钟来提高你的英语口语。(must;use) Every minute 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    to improve your spoken English. ③自从你在那次事故中受伤后,我一直很挂念你。 I have been concerned about you since you 　　　　　　　    in the accident. ④这部电影使我回忆起我在那个遥远的村庄受到照顾的时光。 The film brought the moments back to me when I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    in that UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 faraway village. ⑤我们上学的时候,任何一个调皮捣蛋的孩子被抓住都要在课堂前面罚站。(make) Any child caught misbehaving 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    at the front of the class when we were at school. ⑥我非常感激已经被给予了去国外学习的机会。(give) I appreciate 　　　　　　　　　　　    the chance to study abroad very much. UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 用法归纳:①过去分词　②was/were done　③am/is/are being done ④has/have been done　⑤had been done　⑥would be done　⑦情态动词+be done　⑧不及物 动词(短语)　⑨还原to ⑩介词或副词     主动  get/got     to be done     to have been done     being done 即时巩固:①had been repaired ②must be made full use of ③was/got injured　④was taken care of　⑤was made to stand　⑥having been given 答案 UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION 高中同步 $