UNIT 12 TOPIC TALK（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版）

UNIT 12　INNOVATION Part 1　TOPIC TALK 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.The computer is a typical 　　　　(节省劳力的) machine.   2.There is a new 　　　　(设备) for cars that warns drivers of traffic jams ahead.   3.Sport has become an important form of 　　　　(娱乐活动), appealing to both men and women.   4.Recent studies show that we are more 　　　　(富有成效的) at work if we take short breaks regularly.  5.(2025新课标Ⅱ)It should be noted that none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from 　　　　(垃圾).   Ⅱ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) every once in a while; adapt to; think of; in general; put...into operation 1.He comes to our room for a chat 　　　　　　.  2.The project which was agreed in the last month will be 　　　　　　 soon.  3.We should 　　　　　　 ways to encourage creativity.  4.You should be able to work well in a team and 　　　　　　 a working environment.  Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1.It is said that he has a great gift 　　　　　 music.  2.Being equipped with a global vision and the spirit of 　　　　　(innovate) is crucial for China's younger generation.   3.I found the talk both informative and 　　　　　(entertain).  4.Every one of us considered the picking activity both meaningful and 　　　　　(reward).  5.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you 　　　　　 the most interesting stories about memorials and parks.   Ⅳ.完成句子 1.直到了解所有的情况后我们才能采取措施。(until) We 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 we've known all the circumstances.  2.在这部电影中,玛丽在数学方面有天赋。 In the movie, Mary 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  3.这台机器操作起来非常简单。任何人都能在几分钟内学会使用它。(不定式的主动形式表示被动意义) This machine 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.   4.With the help of the local guide, the mountain climber was rescued.(句式升级;强调句型) →　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the mountain climber was rescued.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2025山东聊城期中) 　　Precision agriculture is one of the most significant trends in modern farming. One particularly promising application involves the use of real-time imaging to visualize how tiny drops of liquid are forming on plant surfaces. Unlike conventional agriculture where farmers often rely on general estimates and uniform application of pesticides(杀虫剂) across the entire field, this technology helps farmers maximize productivity while minimizing inputs. This development originated from the work of Vishnu Jayaprakash, who had some family exposure to the process of spraying(向……喷杀虫剂) crops and recognized that the main challenge in that process is how to make water-based sprays interact effectively with surfaces of plants. Several factors influence this process, including the pressure, flow and nozzle(喷嘴) design of the device, and the temperature, sunlight intensity, wind and other conditions at the time of spraying. To effectively address this issue, Jayaprakash developed a two-camera system that can be connected to typical spraying equipment and use imaging of the sprayed solution on the target plants to determine necessary adjustments for the best degree of coverage with appropriately sized tiny drops. The system can be used to make on-the-go adjustments in order to get the spray coverage “just right”. This allows farmers to use only 20%-30% of the product per acre(英亩) while maintaining key functions like pest control, fertilization, and growth regulation. The advancement in precision agriculture is helping farmers reduce costs while maintaining crop protection. Susan Scheufele, an extension researcher at the University of Massachusetts, has conducted field trials with this technology on vegetable crops. In trials for cotton leaf removal, it has shown positive results even when used at 50% of the minimum recommended application rate on the product label. The primary benefit of precision agriculture methods lies beyond cost savings. In spite of the fact that this technology still has a long way to go, its adoption ensures that chemical remains in crops are well below harmful levels, safeguarding ecosystems and food safety. 1.What can be learned about precision agriculture in paragraph 1? A.It visualizes plants more clearly. B.It uses pesticides more accurately. C.It continuously monitors plant growth. D.It estimates the need of the entire field. 2.How does Jayaprakash's two-camera system work? A.By guiding spraying equipment to target plant surfaces. B.By calculating the precise amount of pesticide required. C.By making real-time adjustments to enhance spray coverage. D.By using imaging to closely monitor plant growth and health. 3.Why does the author mention Susan Scheufele's field trials? A.To analyze the responses of different crops. B.To compare the application rates across crops. C.To illustrate the effectiveness of the technology. D.To highlight the limitations of traditional farming. 4.What is the author's attitude toward precision agriculture? A.Intolerant.　　　B.Doubtful.　　　C.Unclear.　　　D.Approving. Ⅱ.七选五 (2024湖南岳阳开学考试) People are always living with technology nowadays. Here comes a smart home, which is regulated by the touch of a button. 　1　 This acts like a remote control to activate household systems and monitor inside temperatures. If done successfully, a smart home system will be integrated so seamlessly that a household will appear to run itself.  Home automation is designed to introduce efficiency to a home. 　2　 An efficient smart home uses sensors to prevent over-watering of outdoor gardens and control room temperatures, all of which can reduce expenses. In addition to cost savings, home automation often provides a sense of security for homeowners.  Families with children or elderly adults in the home may be reassured by some safeguards in smart home security, like fire alarms that alert the appropriate agencies in the event of a problem. Lighting activation runs on timers, which can be a life saver if an oven is left on when someone leaves the home. 　3　  Home automation is not just for safety, however. 　4　 With a centralized control unit, a person does not have to leave the couch to pull the blinds or even order groceries, which can be automated.  　5　 Such a home becomes dependent on technology for routine tasks. If something goes wrong with the central automation unit, it is not just one appliance at risk as malfunctions can disrupt systems that are vital to running a home. As a result, for all people, a home can become a place of technical faults that repeatedly require repair.  A.A smart home doesn't apply to all family members. B.It achieves this by saving homeowners time and money. C.There are some drawbacks to an automated home system. D.It can also provide convenience for people living in the home. E.Home automation depends on furniture and home temperatures. F.Through home automation, an entire house can be connected via a smart controller. G.Besides protecting people, it also offers security to expensive items inside a residence. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025河北石家庄期末) Sargassum is a kind of smelly seaweed piling up on beaches across the Caribbean. It isn't something most people　1　 kindly. But for Omar de Vazquez, a gardener, it was something like a 　2　.  Years ago, as part of his gardening business, Omar launched a beach cleanup service to 　3　 the leafy seaweed. But, as its 　4　 intensified, he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he 　 5　 a way to use it in building blocks. He started his company—SargaBlock to market the bricks which are being 　6　 by the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP) as a sustainable solution to a current environmental problem.  “When I look at SargaBlock, it's like looking in a　7　,” he says, comparing his company to overcoming his personal 　8　, including alcohol addiction. “That was a time when I felt unwanted and 　9　, like the sargassum people complained about.”  Luckily, Omar grew up in nature and poverty, which　10　 his character and turned him into someone who takes action. He wanted to make something good out of something everyone saw as bad. Omar then put his idea into 　11　, mixing 40% sargassum with other organic materials, like clay, which he then put into a block-forming machine. The process was 　12　.  The UNDP selected Omar's work for their Accelerator Labs, which　13　 and recognizes innovative solutions to environmental challenges globally. The idea is that some of the most timely and creative 　14　 come from locals suffering from environmental dilemmas 　15　.  1.A.look upon B.bring in C.give up D.come across 2.A.game B.gift C.race D.trouble 3.A.access B.harvest C.remove D.process 4.A.heat B.image C.presence D.movement 5.A.worked out B.called for C.showed off D.turned down 6.A.highlighted B.undervalued C.overemphasized D.withdrawn 7.A.window B.mirror C.dictionary D.puzzle 8.A.struggles B.fears C.desires D.opinions 9.A.appreciated B.infected C.interrupted D.rejected 10.A.fitted B.shaped C.revealed D.described 11.A.operation B.words C.bills D.profit 12.A.straightforward B.transforming C.natural D.calming 13.A.combines B.provides C.identifies D.drafts 14.A.responses B.reminders C.appeals D.issues 15.A.alongside B.offshore C.underneath D.firsthand 答案与分层梯度式解析 UNIT 12　INNOVATION Part 1　TOPIC TALK 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.labour-saving　2.device　3.entertainment　4.productive 5.garbage Ⅱ.1.every once in a while　2.put into operation 3.think of　4.adapt to Ⅲ.1.for　考查介词。have a gift for...有……天赋。故填for。句意:据说他极有音乐天赋。 2.innovation　考查名词。空格处作介词of的宾语,应用名词。故填innovation。句意:拥有全球视野和创新精神对中国的年轻一代至关重要。 3.entertaining　考查形容词。空格处与and前的informative并列,也应用形容词。故填entertaining。句意:我认为这次演讲知识与趣味并重。 4.rewarding　考查形容词。句意:我们每个人都认为采摘活动既有意义又值得做。空格处与形容词meaningful并列,应用形容词rewarding,表示“值得做的”。故填rewarding。 5.with　考查介词。句意:知识渊博的导游将用关于纪念碑和公园的最有趣的故事使您有兴趣。entertain sb. with...为固定搭配,意为“用……使某人有兴趣/快乐”。故填with。 Ⅳ.1.can't take any measures until　2.is gifted in math　3.is very easy to operate　4.It was with the help of the local guide that 能力提升练 Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了精准农业这一现代农业中的重要趋势,包括其相关技术的起源、运作方式、应用效果以及带来的益处等内容。 【高频词汇】　1.precision n.精准,精确　2.application n.应用;申请　3.estimate n.估计;判断　4.maximize v.使最大化　5.minimize v.使最小化　6.exposure n.经历;接触;揭露 【差距词汇】　1.visualize v.使形象化;想象　2.fertilization n.施肥 长难句 原句　To effectively address this issue, Jayaprakash developed a two-camera system that can be connected to typical spraying equipment and use imaging of the sprayed solution on the target plants to determine necessary adjustments for the best degree of coverage with appropriately sized tiny drops. 分析　本句为主从复合句。“To effectively address this issue”为不定式短语作目的状语,that引导定语从句,修饰先行词a two-camera system,从句中and连接并列谓语。 译文　为了有效解决这个问题,Jayaprakash研发了一种双摄像头系统,该系统可以连接到典型的喷雾设备上,并利用目标植物上喷雾溶液的成像来确定必要的调整,以实现用大小合适的微小液滴达到最佳覆盖程度。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Unlike conventional agriculture where farmers often rely on general estimates and uniform application of pesticides across the entire field, this technology helps farmers maximize productivity while minimizing inputs.”可知,精准农业能更精准地施用杀虫剂,不像传统农业那样在整片田地统一施用。故选B。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...Jayaprakash developed a two-camera system...to determine necessary adjustments for the best degree of coverage with appropriately sized tiny drops. The system can be used to make on-the-go adjustments in order to get the spray coverage ‘just right’.”可知,用该双摄像头系统可以实时调整喷雾覆盖范围。故选C。 3.C　推理判断题。根据题干信息可定位至第四段,由“Susan Scheufele...has conducted field trials with this technology on vegetable crops. In trials for cotton leaf removal, it has shown positive results even when used at 50% of the minimum recommended application rate on the product label.”可知,Susan Scheufele的田间试验应用了该技术,并获得了很好的结果,所以推知提到Susan Scheufele的田间试验是为了说明这项技术的有效性。故选C。 4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“The primary benefit of precision agriculture methods lies beyond cost savings...its adoption ensures that chemical remains in crops are well below harmful levels, safeguarding ecosystems and food safety.”可知,作者认为精准农业还有不足,但通过阐述其优势,作者展现出对其整体认可的态度。故选D。 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能家居的工作方式、好处和缺点等内容。 【高频词汇】　1.be designed to do...旨在做…… 2.expense n.[pl.]开支,花费　3.security n.安全;保护措施　4.appropriate adj.适当的;合适的 【熟词生义】　blind n.窗帘 【差距词汇】　1.activate v.使活动;激活　2.seamlessly adv.无空隙地;不停顿地　3.centralized adj.集中的 4.malfunction n.故障　5.disrupt v.扰乱,使中断 长难句 原句　Lighting activation runs on timers, which can be a life saver if an oven is left on when someone leaves the home. 分析　本句为主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句;if引导条件状语从句;when引导时间状语从句。 译文　照明激活用的是定时器,如果有人离开家时烤箱还开着,这可以挽救生命。 1.F　细节句。上文提到智能家居问世了,只要按一下按钮就可以控制,下文提到智能家居的运行方式,F项“通过家庭自动化,整个房子可以通过智能控制器连接起来”是在说智能家居是如何实现的,与上下文衔接紧密,符合语境。故选F项。 2.B　过渡句。上文提到家庭自动化旨在提高家庭的效率,下文举例说明家庭自动化可以节省开支,推测空处应承接上文,继续说家庭自动化如何提高家庭的效率,并引出下文的节省开支的情况,B项“它通过节省房主的时间和金钱来实现这一点”符合语境,故选B项。 3.G　细节句。上文提到家庭自动化可以保护家人的安全,空处为本段最后一句,应承接上文,继续说提供安全保护方面的事情。G项“除了保护人,它还为住宅内的贵重物品提供安全保护”符合语境,故选G项。 4.D　细节句。根据上文的“not just”可知,空处应承接上文,继续说明家庭自动化的其他好处,结合后文的例子可知,家庭自动化提供了便利。D项“它也可以为生活在家里的人提供方便”符合语境,故选D项。 5.C　主旨句。下文提到智能家居容易出现故障,让家成为一个不断出现技术故障、需要修理的地方,即存在缺点。C项“自动化家庭系统有一些缺点”可以概括本段主旨,符合语境,故选C项。 Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了园丁Omar de Vazquez与马尾藻之间的故事。他积极探索,找到了利用马尾藻制作建筑砖块的方法,并创立了SargaBlock公司。 【高频词汇】　1.sustainable adj.可持续的;合理利用的 2.solution n.解决方案　3.environmental adj.有关环境的 4.addiction n.瘾;入迷;嗜好　5.complain about...抱怨…… 【熟词生义】　 market 熟义:n.市场　生义:v.推销;营销 长难句 原句　He started his company—SargaBlock to market the bricks which are being highlighted by the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP) as a sustainable solution to a current environmental problem. 分析　本句为主从复合句。“to market the bricks...”为不定式短语作目的状语,其中which引导定语从句,修饰先行词bricks。 译文　他创立了自己的公司——SargaBlock,目的是推销那些正被联合国开发计划署作为一种应对当前环境问题的可持续解决方案而重点推广的砖块。 1.A　根据前文的“Sargassum is a kind of smelly seaweed piling up on beaches across the Caribbean.”可知,马尾藻是一种堆积在加勒比海地区的海滩上的臭海藻,所以人们不喜欢这种东西。 look upon看待;bring in引入;give up放弃;come across偶遇。故选A。 2.B　根据后文的“But, as its 　4　 intensified, he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he 　5　 a way to use it in building blocks.”可知,奥马尔找到了利用这种海藻的方法,对他而言这是一种机遇,所以用gift“礼物”来形容最贴切。故选B。  3.C　根据前文的“Omar launched a beach cleanup service to”可知,奥马尔推出了一项海滩清理服务,所以他要清除海藻。access访问,进入;harvest收获;remove清除;process处理。故选C。 4.C　根据后文的“he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he 　5　 a way to use it in building blocks”可知,海藻大量出现在海滩,他必须考虑其他方法应对。故选C。  5.A　根据后文的“a way to use it in building blocks”可知,他想出利用海藻的方法。work out解决,想出;call for需要;show off炫耀;turn down拒绝。故选A。 6.A　根据后文的“by the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP) as a sustainable solution to a current environmental problem”可知,这种砖是解决当前环境问题的可持续解决方案,联合国开发计划署对此进行强调。highlight突出,强调;undervalue低估;overemphasize过分强调;withdraw撤回。故选A。 7.B　根据前文的“When I look at SargaBlock, it's like looking in a”和语境可知,这里将SargaBlock比喻为一面镜子,反映出他的个人经历。故选B。 8.A　根据后文的“including alcohol addiction”可知,此处指克服他个人的困难,struggle指“斗争,挣扎”,符合个人挑战的描述。fear恐惧;desire渴望;opinion观点。故选A。 9.D　根据后文的“like the sargassum people complained about”可知,本句描述奥马尔当时的感受,就像人们抱怨的马尾藻一样,他也被拒绝。appreciate欣赏;infect感染;interrupt打断;reject拒绝。故选D。 10.B　根据前文的“Luckily, Omar grew up in nature and poverty”和后文“his character and turned him into someone who takes action”可知,这里指自然和贫困的环境对他的性格形成有影响,这些塑造了他的性格。fit适合;shape塑造;reveal揭示;describe描述。故选B。 11.A　根据后文的“mixing 40% sargassum with other organic materials, like clay, which he then put into a block-forming machine”可知,奥马尔将他的想法付诸实践,创造了新的解决方案。故选A。 12.B　根据后文的“The UNDP selected Omar's work for their Accelerator Labs, which 　13　 and recognizes innovative solutions to environmental challenges globally.”可知,他的新方法得到联合国开发计划署的认可,这个过程正在转变海藻的处理方式。straightforward直接的;transforming正在转变的;natural自然的;calming使平静的。故选B。  13.C　根据后文的“and recognizes innovative solutions to environmental challenges globally”可知,该实验室网络负责识别和认可应对全球环境挑战的创新解决方案,符合实验室网络寻找并确认创新方案的职责。combine结合;provide提供;identify识别,确认;draft起草。故选C。 14.A　根据后文的“come from locals”可知,联合国开发计划署认为最及时、最具创意的回应来自那些直接遭受环境困境的当地人,这里指针对环境问题的解决方案。response反应,回应;reminder提醒物;appeal吸引力;issue问题。故选A。 15.D　根据前文的“come from locals suffering from environmental dilemmas”可知,一些最及时、最具创意的回应来自那些直接遭受环境困境的当地人,符合当地人亲身经历环境问题的描述。 alongside在旁边;offshore近海地;underneath在底下;firsthand直接地。故选D。 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $