精品解析：北京市西城区北师大实验中学2025-2026年度初三下学期英语摸底测试（2026.3.2）

北师大实验中学2025-2026年度初三下学期 英语摸底测试 (2026.3.2) 班级：________姓名：________学号：________成绩：________ 考生须知： 1.本试卷11页，共5道大题，47道小题；答题纸共1页。满分60分，考试时间60分钟。 2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名、学号。 3.试卷答案一律填写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题卡上，选择题须用2B铅笔将选中项涂黑涂满，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 命题人：初三英语备课组 第一部分 一、单项填空。(共6分，每小题0.5分) 从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Jim, would you please pass ________ the newspaper? —Here you are. A. me B. they C. him D. I 2. The Earth Day is ________ April 22nd every year. A. of B. in C. on D. a 3. — ____ you make a kite for me, Dad? I want to fly it in the park. — Yes, I can. A. Can B. May C. Need D. Must 4. Pudong International Airport is one of_______ airports in the world. A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest 5. —Mum, ________ will the breakfast be ready? —In five minutes. A. how much B. how soon C. how often D. how many 6. — Work hard, Tom, _________ you will not pass the exam. — OK I’ll try my best. A. so B. and C. but D. or 7. — That’s a nice mobile phone. — It is. My aunt _____ it for my last birthday. A. buy B. will buy C. have bought D. bought 8. — Where is Miss Lin? — She _______ my desk-mate with her lessons in her office. A. helps B. is helping C. helped D. will help 9. — Is Jim in the classroom? — No, he _______ to the dining hall. A. goes B. will go C. has gone D. went 10. Jack will send you an e-mail as soon as he ________ in London. A. arrives B. arrived C. is arriving D. will arrive 11. Beijing is a nice city because more and more trees _______ every spring. A. planted B. are planted C. will be planted. D. plant 12 —Could you tell me __________ yesterday? —Because my bike was broken on my way here. A. why you came late B. why do you come late C. why you come late D. why did you come late 二、完形填空。(共8分，每小题1分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从后面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last week, I drove to Joe’s Hardware to get a few items. Upon returning to my ____13____, I noticed a cat underneath (在下面) and bent down to find out what happened. At this point, my wallet fell off—but I didn’t notice it was ____14____ until about an hour later. I retraced (原路返回) my steps, asked around and tore my car inside out. Nothing. I lost my wallet. After this fact sank in, I was about to call the bank and have them ____15____ me a new credit card (信用卡) when a little voice inside my head said, “Whoa! ____16____ down. Someone must have picked it up. An average citizen, just like you. What would she or he do?” So I held back and I was going to give it a day. Then, early that evening, I was surfing the Internet for a new wallet when I heard a knock on the door. There was a man who I did not recognize. Could it be? After we exchanged greetings, he ____17____ me my wallet. He found it in the parking lot, thought of dropping it off at Joe’s Hardware but ____18____ to drive over and return it in person. He told me his ____19____, but I was overcome with emotion and cannot be 100% sure. I think it was David. I offered him a cash reward but he refused. He was just a regular guy doing the right thing. David, thank you so very much for returning my wallet and reinforcing (强化) my belief that there are always some ____20____ and honest people around. 13. A. car B. home C. bank D. shop 14. A. broken B. empty C. stolen D. missing 15. A. lend B. send C. show D. pass 16. A. Come B. Cut C. Slow D. Look 17. A. handed B. found C. brought D. awarded 18. A. happened B. decided C. wondered D. hesitated 19. A. age B. hobby C. name D. job 20. A. confident B. courageous C. polite D. kind 三、阅读理解。(共26分，每小题2分) A 信息匹配。阅读下面有关运动方式的介绍，请根据人物的身体情况和运动需求，为他们匹配最适合的运动方式，并将其所对应的A-D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. Walking is a great way to exercise because it’s easy on your body and anyone can do it. Start by walking for just 10-15 minutes each day, and then slowly add more time and speed as you get used to it. It’s perfect for beginners who are just starting to get fit! B. Yoga mixes gentle stretches, deep breathing, and mindfulness, making it ideal for reducing stress. Poses like child’s pose or downward dog improve flexibility (柔韧性) and calm the nervous system. It’s perfect for those seeking relaxation and clearer mind. C. Short on time? Try body-weight exercises like squats, push-ups, or planks. These are not complex (复杂的), require no equipment and can be done in minutes, but they can make you stronger and fitter. They’re perfect if you’re busy but still want to exercise! D. Swimming is a full-body workout that is gentle on the joints (关节), making it great for those with arthritis (关节炎) or injuries. It helps you get stronger, makes your muscles look better, and makes it easier to breathe while keeping the body cool and weightless. ____21____John, 48, who has recently hurt his knee when running, is looking for an exercise to rebuild strength without putting too much stress on his joints. ____22____Lisa, 28, has a lot on her plate with work and family. She wants to stay fit but needs some quick and easy works that don’t require any special equipment. ____23____Mike, 35, has a high-stress job and needs something calm to help him relax, feel more flexible and think more clearly. 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 B Grandpa and Me As my summer vacation drew nearer and nearer, I made a long list of things I wished to do and could hardly wait to begin a brand-new journey. However, when my mom told me that I had to live with my grandfather for six weeks, I complained. A voice inside me said that it would be miserable to live with my grandpa, which meant no afternoon baseball games with my neighborhood friends. The first week with Grandpa was fine. We went out for dinner and watched TV together. One day, Grandpa was sitting at the table reading the newspaper. I sat on the couch and flipped (快速翻动) through my baseball card collection. “Wish I had a Hank Aaron card,” I said to myself. When Grandpa heard me, he said in surprise, “I didn’t know you liked baseball, Susan.” I explained that it was my favorite sport and I usually played it all summer with my friends. Grandpa stood up shakily and walked to the door. “Let’s go,” he said, with excitement. “I want to show you something.” We drove for quite a while, and when Grandpa finally stopped the car, we were in front of some old houses. A sign on each house said “Land Will Be Sold. Call For Details.” I noticed that Grandpa had a faraway look in his eyes. “I haven’t been here for decades,” he whispered. “Probably twenty or thirty years.” We walked there and he pointed down the street and said, “That’s the field where I used to play baseball every summer.” Then I realized where we were: This was the house where Grandpa grew up! We looked inside a window and saw a big mess. No one had lived here for a long time. On the ride home, Grandpa was very quiet. I thought about how he must miss his old home and the friends he grew up with. If he could just go back in time for a few minutes, he would feel very happy and less lonely. Then I realized that six weeks away from home was not too bad, especially with Grandpa around. 24. Why did the writer complain about her coming vacation? A. Because she could not play baseball games with friends. B. Because she could not enjoy her baseball card collection. C. Because she would go out for dinner with her grandfather. D. Because she would leave her home and live in an old house. 25 How did Grandpa feel when he heard Susan liked baseball? A. Hopeful and thankful. B. Confused and upset. C Worried and unhappy. D. Surprised and excited. 26. What might Susan most probably do after visiting the old house? A. Listening to Grandpa’s life story in the past. B. Sharing her baseball cards with her schoolmates. C. Complaining about her boring vacation to her mom. D. Cleaning the old house with her neighborhood friends. C Children are born with the curiosity to explore. Yet over time they are becoming less curious about science. Why? This loss of interest may be partly the result of language cues (提示) children hear. And these cues don’t come just from parents; they can also come from school teachers who treat science as an identity rather than actions. When talking to children, many adults might say things like “Let’s be scientists today” or “You’re such a good scientist”. But this kind of identity-focused language, which focuses on science as an identity rather than activities and actions that people do, can be demoralizing for young children— in other words, it can lower their confidence and make them less willing to engage in science activities. One study showed that children as young as four, especially girls, kept their interest longer when their cue to participate in science activities was “Let’s do science” rather than “Let’s be scientists.” One possibility is that when thinking of a scientist, children might picture a white man. If they don’t share that identity, they lose interest in an activity designed for “scientists.” This stereotypical (刻板印象的) belief that science is reserved (保留) for only certain kinds of people emerges surprisingly early. By the first grade, when asked to draw a scientist, children tend to draw a white man. The good news is that language cues can also be directed to promote engagement with science. Describing science as actions that we take, for example, seems to protect young children’s interest in science over time. But it’s also true that teenagers are actively trying on and ultimately (最终) forming different identities for themselves. So in contrast to its demoralizing effects on young children, identity-focused language may help teens stay interested in science. In another study, cueing a future identity based on science (such as “scientist” or “doctor”) motivated middle schoolers to do more homework and was associated with higher grades. Consequently, adults had better use different language cues for children of different age groups to maintain their curiosity about science. 27. What does the underlined word “demoralizing” in paragraph 2 mean? A. unnecessary B. impolite C. discouraging D. unfair 28. Why was action-focused language especially effective for young girls? A. Because it avoids identity conflict in girls’ minds. B. Because stereotypical belief is reserved for girls. C. Because it enhances girls’ engagement in science. D. Because it shows the activity is designed for girls. 29. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A. Why Is Action Better than Identity? B. How Do Parents Raise Young Scientists? C. How Does Age Affect Science Learning? D. What Affects Children’s Interest in Science? D In a new study, researchers have unveiled (揭示) interesting findings that link the consumption (消耗) of refined carbohydrates—such as sugary snacks and highly processed foods—with changes in facial attractiveness. They found that individuals who consumed a high glycemic (血糖的) load breakfast were rated as less attractive than those who consumed a low one. 104 participants were asked to attend the study early in the morning on an empty stomach. Upon arrival, they were assigned to consume one of two types of breakfasts having the same caloric values: one high in refined carbohydrates and the other low. About two hours later, they were photographed under standardized conditions to ensure consistency (一致性)in lighting, background, and positioning. A separate group of raters, who were carefully selected to minimize cultural bias (偏见), assessed the facial photographs, making judgments on overall attractiveness. To evaluate long-term dietary habits, the participants completed detailed dietary questionnaires concerning their consumption during breakfast, afternoon snacks, and between-meal snacks on the day before the study. This information was used to calculate (计算) the glycemic load and energy intake for these meals, providing a comprehensive (全面的) picture of their usual refined carbohydrate consumption. The researchers found that participants who consumed a breakfast rich in refined carbohydrates were less attractive than those who consumed a low-glycemic breakfast. This effect was observed for both male and female participants. The researchers explained that this could be related to the physiological (生理学的) effects of low blood sugar, such as changes in skin blood flow and colour, which happen following the consumption of high-glycemic foods. When examining long-term consumption of refined carbohydrates through glycemic load measures, the researchers found that a higher energy intake at breakfast was associated with increased attractiveness for both men and women, suggesting that foods high in fats and proteins, which do not lead to rapid glycemic responses, might contribute positively to attractiveness. However, the effects of refined carbohydrate consumption on attractiveness varied depending on the specific meal and the gender of the participants. For example, while high energy intake at breakfast increased attractiveness across both genders, the glycemic load of afternoon snacks had opposite effects for men and women. Men with a higher glycemic load during their afternoon snack were considered as more attractive, but for women, a lower glycemic load in this meal was related with increased attractiveness. While the study includes some limitations, the findings serve as a strong reminder of the far-reaching impact of dietary choices. Further research is needed to understand the broader social implications (暗示) of diet, which could provide valuable insights into the complex interplay (相互作用) between diet, biology, and social behaviour. 30. What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about? A. The research purpose. B. The research methods. C. The research question. D. The research background. 31. What did the researchers keep the same for both breakfasts in the study? A. The taste of the food. B. The amount of calories. C. The time they were eaten. D. The type of carbohydrates. 32. What can we learn about the research findings? A. Sharp glycemic reactions might reduce attractiveness. B. Low blood sugar could affect attractiveness positively. C. Men were less affected by refined carbohydrate consumption. D. High energy intake at meals had inconsistent effects on women. 33. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To present a dietary fact. B. To show a biological process. C. To explain a food preference. D. To explore a complex connection. 第二部分 四、阅读表达(共10分，1-3题每题2分，4题4分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourself. If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were directed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to “treat their weekend like a vacation.” To ensure that any difference in happiness was not simply due to different spending abilities, all participants were provided with the same fixed amount of experimental funds (资金) for weekend use. The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode—about $130 compared to $104. But it wasn’t the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. The reason why the vacation approach (方法) may have worked wonders could be that the vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. “We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School. The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can’t take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset. 34. What does the research of UCLA’s Anderson School suggest? ________________________________ 35. How did the researchers make sure that different spending abilities would not affect the results of the study? ________________________________ 36. Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders? ________________________________ 37. How could you as a student try to use the “vacation mindset” from the passage to make your weekends more relaxing? (Please give two examples.) ________________________________ 五、词汇训练(共10分，每小题1分) 阅读下列句子，选出划线词或短语在句子中的释义。 38. An experiment was carried out in 2022 to find out what might influence way-finding ability. A. 搬运 B. 带走 C. 实施 D. 从事 39. But don’t read into the numbers to the point where you lose out on feeling proud that you are taking care of yourself. A. 过分解读 B. 阅读 C. 朗读 D. 通读 40. He went on to tell the club members that he wanted them to organize an e-waste drive—a day when students and their families could drop off unwanted electronics to be recycled. A. 车程 B. 运动 C. 驱赶 D. 比赛 41. By looking into the causes of our behaviors, we can begin to understand our actions more easily and work toward sticking to our beliefs. A. 受限于 B. 打断 C. 放弃 D. 坚持 42. These materials are strong enough to work but can easily break down in a natural environment. A. 分解 B. 爆发 C. 闯入 D. 分手 43. Then we quickly ran away, ducked behind the trees and waited. A. 赶鸭子 B. 学鸭子叫 C. 躲避 D. 抱住 44. They found that the controller and the robotic arm stood up to both heavy use and a week of inactivity. A. 起立 B. 坚持 C. 支持 D. 经得起 45 These reflections give us an important chance to take a close look at ourselves. A. 离得近 B. 仔细审视 C. 盯着看 D. 查找 46. Living in a rush feels like we are always pressed for time. A. 耽搁 B. 准时，按时 C. 时间紧迫 D. 为……做准备 47. On the last day of April, I went outside to find the garden full of colorful flowers. Our hard work paid off. A. 付费 B. 得到回报 C. 付清，还清 D. 报复 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北师大实验中学2025-2026年度初三下学期 英语摸底测试 (2026.3.2) 班级：________姓名：________学号：________成绩：________ 考生须知： 1.本试卷11页，共5道大题，47道小题；答题纸共1页。满分60分，考试时间60分钟。 2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名、学号。 3.试卷答案一律填写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题卡上，选择题须用2B铅笔将选中项涂黑涂满，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 命题人：初三英语备课组 第一部分 一、单项填空。(共6分，每小题0.5分) 从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Jim, would you please pass ________ the newspaper? —Here you are. A. me B. they C. him D. I 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——吉姆，请把报纸递给我好吗？——给你 me我；they他们；him他；I我。pass sb. sth.表示“递给某人某物”，动词pass后接人称代词宾格作宾语；根据答句“Here you are.”可知，此处是让吉姆把报纸递给“我”，应填me。 2. The Earth Day is ________ April 22nd every year. A. of B. in C. on D. a 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——地球日是每年的4月22日。 of属于……的；in在某年某月某季节；on在具体某一天；a一个。“April 22nd”是具体某一天，应填on。 3. — ____ you make a kite for me, Dad? I want to fly it in the park. — Yes, I can. A. Can B. May C. Need D. Must 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：考查情态动词的应用。句意：--爸爸，你能给我做个风筝吗？我想到公园里放风筝。--是的，我能。情态动词在一般疑问句中，直接提前。B、C、D 不符合题意。故选A。 考点：情态动词 4. Pudong International Airport is one of_______ airports in the world. A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：句意：浦东国际机场是世界上最大的机场之一。one of +the +形容词的最高级+名词的复数+范围，“最…之一”的固定句型。故选D 考点：形容词最高级用法 点评：形容词在中考英语中常见的考点是考查比较级或是最高级。形容词比较级或是最高级的构成是学生平时必须牢记的基本知识，同时要注意形容词的比较级前面可以被much,a little,even,far修饰，而more不能修饰比较级，只是构成多音节形容词比较级的一部分。形容词最高级前要加the。 5. —Mum, ________ will the breakfast be ready? —In five minutes. A. how much B. how soon C. how often D. how many 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——妈妈，早餐什么时候能准备好？——五分钟后。 考查特殊疑问句。how much多少钱；how soon多久以后；how often多久一次；how many多少。根据“In five minutes.”可知，此处对将来的时间进行提问，用how soon。故选B。 6. — Work hard, Tom, _________ you will not pass the exam. — OK. I’ll try my best. A. so B. and C. but D. or 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——努力学习吧，Tom，否则你将不能通过这次考试。——好的，我会尽我最大努力的。 考查连词。so所以；and和；but但是；or或者，否则。根据句意可知，努力学习吧，否则你将不能通过这次考试。故选D。 7. — That’s a nice mobile phone. — It is. My aunt _____ it for my last birthday. A. buy B. will buy C. have bought D. bought 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——那是一部不错的手机。——是的，它是。我姑姑给我买了最后一个生日礼物。考查动词时态。根据句意和语境，可知买手机的动作发生在过去，需用过去时。四个选项中，A是原形，B是将来时，C是完成时，都不对，故选D。 8. — Where is Miss Lin? — She _______ my desk-mate with her lessons in her office. A. helps B. is helping C. helped D. will help 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：句意：林小姐在哪？——她在她的办公室正帮助我的同桌补习功课。根据问句可知，是问林小姐现在在哪？在做些什么。故答语应该用现在进行时态。答案为B。 考点：考查动词的时态。 9. — Is Jim in the classroom? — No, he _______ to the dining hall. A. goes B. will go C. has gone D. went 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：句意：吉姆在教室吗？——不，他已经去了餐厅。结合语境可知下文描述的是现在已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时态。选C。 考点：考查动词的时态。 10. Jack will send you an e-mail as soon as he ________ in London. A. arrives B. arrived C. is arriving D. will arrive 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：杰克一到伦敦就会给你发邮件。 考查动词的时态。as soon as “一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句使用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时；主语he是第三人称单数，谓语动词应使用三单形式。故选A。 11. Beijing is a nice city because more and more trees _______ every spring. A. planted B. are planted C. will be planted. D. plant 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：北京是个漂亮的城市是因为每年春天人们种越来越多的树。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。A一般过去时；B一般现在时的被动语态；C一般将来时的被动语态；D一般现在时。这里more and more trees做主语，树是被种，自己不会种上 去。故用被动式，every spring.一般现在时标志。故选B。 12. —Could you tell me __________ yesterday? —Because my bike was broken on my way here. A. why you came late B. why do you come late C. why you come late D. why did you come late 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你昨天为什么迟到吗？——因为我的自行车在来的路上坏了。 考查宾语从句。英语宾语从句中一般用陈述语序，可知排除B和D。根据宾语从句时间状语yesterday，可知宾语从句时态是一般过去时态。故选A。 二、完形填空。(共8分，每小题1分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从后面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last week, I drove to Joe’s Hardware to get a few items. Upon returning to my ____13____, I noticed a cat underneath (在下面) and bent down to find out what happened. At this point, my wallet fell off—but I didn’t notice it was ____14____ until about an hour later. I retraced (原路返回) my steps, asked around and tore my car inside out. Nothing. I lost my wallet. After this fact sank in, I was about to call the bank and have them ____15____ me a new credit card (信用卡) when a little voice inside my head said, “Whoa! ____16____ down. Someone must have picked it up. An average citizen, just like you. What would she or he do?” So I held back and I was going to give it a day. Then, early that evening, I was surfing the Internet for a new wallet when I heard a knock on the door. There was a man who I did not recognize. Could it be? After we exchanged greetings, he ____17____ me my wallet. He found it in the parking lot, thought of dropping it off at Joe’s Hardware but ____18____ to drive over and return it in person. He told me his ____19____, but I was overcome with emotion and cannot be 100% sure. I think it was David. I offered him a cash reward but he refused. He was just a regular guy doing the right thing. David, thank you so very much for returning my wallet and reinforcing (强化) my belief that there are always some ____20____ and honest people around. 13. A. car B. home C. bank D. shop 14. A. broken B. empty C. stolen D. missing 15. A. lend B. send C. show D. pass 16. A. Come B. Cut C. Slow D. Look 17. A. handed B. found C. brought D. awarded 18. A. happened B. decided C. wondered D. hesitated 19. A. age B. hobby C. name D. job 20. A. confident B. courageous C. polite D. kind 【答案】13. A 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者丢失钱包后，从焦虑到冷静等待，最终一位名叫大卫的好心人主动上门归还钱包的故事。 【13题详解】 句意：回到我的车旁时，我注意到下面有一只猫，便弯下腰去看看怎么回事。 根据下文“tore my car inside out”可知，作者后来彻底搜查了自己的车，说明他当时是在车的位置，因此第一空应填“car”。若用“home”，则与后文搜查车的行为矛盾；若用“bank”或“shop”，均无上下文支持。 【14题详解】 句意：这时，我的钱包掉了——但我直到大约一小时后才注意到它丢了。 上文提到钱包掉下，下文直接说“I lost my wallet”，因此这里描述的是钱包丢失的状态，“missing”意为“丢失的”，符合语境。“broken”指破碎，“empty”指空的，“stolen”指被偷，但作者此时还不知道是被偷还是自己丢失，故“missing”最中性且准确。 【15题详解】 句意：当这个事实被我接受后，我正要打电话给银行让他们给我寄一张新信用卡。 根据常识，丢失信用卡后需联系银行补办，银行会“寄送”新卡，“send”符合此意。“lend”意为借出，“show”为展示，“pass”为传递，均不合逻辑。 【16题详解】 句意：这时我脑海里的一个小声音说：“哇！慢下来。一定有人捡到了。” 直接引语中劝自己别着急，应用“Slow down”表示“放慢节奏、冷静”。“Come down”下来，“Cut down”削减，“Look down”向下看，均与语境不符。后文“So I held back”也印证了作者在克制自己。 【17题详解】 句意：我们互相问候之后，他把我的钱包递给了我。 根据上文，男子敲门并归还钱包，此处描述具体动作，“handed”意为“递”，符合当面交还的情景。“found”强调找到，但动作是归还；“brought”带来，虽可，但不如“handed”准确；“awarded”授予，与钱包无关。 【18题详解】 句意：他在停车场里找到了它，原本打算把它送到乔的五金店去，但最终决定亲自开车过去把它归还回去。 “thought of…”表示原本的想法，后文用“but”转折，说明他最终做了另一种选择，“decided to”表示“决定做某事”，符合逻辑。“happened”发生，“wondered”想知道，“hesitated”犹豫，若用“hesitated”则需接“to do”表示犹豫做某事，但此处语义应为最终决定，故排除。 【19题详解】 句意：他告诉我他的名字，但我激动得不能100%确定。 下文提到“I think it was David”，说明对方告知的是姓名，因此填“name”。“age”“hobby”“job”均与后文猜测名字无关 【20题详解】 句意：感谢你归还我的钱包，并强化了我的信念，即周围总有一些善良和诚实的人。 空格与“honest”并列，共同修饰“people”，需填褒义形容词。“kind”意为“善良的”，常与“honest”连用，符合语境。“confident”自信，“courageous”勇敢，“polite”礼貌，虽均为褒义，但此处强调内在品德，且“kind”更贴合助人行为。 三、阅读理解。(共26分，每小题2分) A 信息匹配。阅读下面有关运动方式的介绍，请根据人物的身体情况和运动需求，为他们匹配最适合的运动方式，并将其所对应的A-D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. Walking is a great way to exercise because it’s easy on your body and anyone can do it. Start by walking for just 10-15 minutes each day, and then slowly add more time and speed as you get used to it. It’s perfect for beginners who are just starting to get fit! B. Yoga mixes gentle stretches, deep breathing, and mindfulness, making it ideal for reducing stress. Poses like child’s pose or downward dog improve flexibility (柔韧性) and calm the nervous system. It’s perfect for those seeking relaxation and clearer mind. C. Short on time? Try body-weight exercises like squats, push-ups, or planks. These are not complex (复杂的), require no equipment and can be done in minutes, but they can make you stronger and fitter. They’re perfect if you’re busy but still want to exercise! D. Swimming is a full-body workout that is gentle on the joints (关节), making it great for those with arthritis (关节炎) or injuries. It helps you get stronger, makes your muscles look better, and makes it easier to breathe while keeping the body cool and weightless. ____21____John, 48, who has recently hurt his knee when running, is looking for an exercise to rebuild strength without putting too much stress on his joints. ____22____Lisa, 28, has a lot on her plate with work and family. She wants to stay fit but needs some quick and easy works that don’t require any special equipment. ____23____Mike, 35, has a high-stress job and needs something calm to help him relax, feel more flexible and think more clearly. 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了四种运动方式，根据三个人的身体情况和运动需求为他们选择合适的运动。 【21题详解】 根据“John, 48…hurt his knee…without putting too much stress on his joints.”可知，他膝盖受伤，需要对关节压力较小的运动。选项D介绍的运动项目“Swimming对关节压力小，适合有关节炎或受伤的人。”符合。 【22题详解】 根据“Lisa…has a lot on her plate…needs some quick and easy works that don’t require any special equipment.”可知，她时间少，需要简单、不需要设备的运动。选项C介绍的运动项目“自身体重训练如深蹲、俯卧撑等，不需要器材且用时短。”符合。 【23题详解】 根据“Mike…has a high-stress job…needs something calm to help him relax.”可知，他需要放松、减压的运动。选项B介绍的运动项目“Yoga通过伸展和呼吸帮助放松、减压并提高柔韧性。”符合。 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 B Grandpa and Me As my summer vacation drew nearer and nearer, I made a long list of things I wished to do and could hardly wait to begin a brand-new journey. However, when my mom told me that I had to live with my grandfather for six weeks, I complained. A voice inside me said that it would be miserable to live with my grandpa, which meant no afternoon baseball games with my neighborhood friends. The first week with Grandpa was fine. We went out for dinner and watched TV together. One day, Grandpa was sitting at the table reading the newspaper. I sat on the couch and flipped (快速翻动) through my baseball card collection. “Wish I had a Hank Aaron card,” I said to myself. When Grandpa heard me, he said in surprise, “I didn’t know you liked baseball, Susan.” I explained that it was my favorite sport and I usually played it all summer with my friends. Grandpa stood up shakily and walked to the door. “Let’s go,” he said, with excitement. “I want to show you something.” We drove for quite a while, and when Grandpa finally stopped the car, we were in front of some old houses. A sign on each house said “Land Will Be Sold. Call For Details.” I noticed that Grandpa had a faraway look in his eyes. “I haven’t been here for decades,” he whispered. “Probably twenty or thirty years.” We walked there and he pointed down the street and said, “That’s the field where I used to play baseball every summer.” Then I realized where we were: This was the house where Grandpa grew up! We looked inside a window and saw a big mess. No one had lived here for a long time. On the ride home, Grandpa was very quiet. I thought about how he must miss his old home and the friends he grew up with. If he could just go back in time for a few minutes, he would feel very happy and less lonely. Then I realized that six weeks away from home was not too bad, especially with Grandpa around. 24. Why did the writer complain about her coming vacation? A. Because she could not play baseball games with friends. B. Because she could not enjoy her baseball card collection. C. Because she would go out for dinner with her grandfather. D. Because she would leave her home and live in an old house. 25. How did Grandpa feel when he heard Susan liked baseball? A. Hopeful and thankful. B. Confused and upset. C. Worried and unhappy. D. Surprised and excited. 26. What might Susan most probably do after visiting the old house? A Listening to Grandpa’s life story in the past. B. Sharing her baseball cards with her schoolmates. C. Complaining about her boring vacation to her mom. D. Cleaning the old house with her neighborhood friends. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了女孩苏珊在被迫与祖父共度暑假的过程中，从最初因不能与朋友打棒球而抱怨，到通过参观祖父旧居理解了祖父的孤独与怀旧，最终改变了对这段经历的看法。 【24题详解】 第一段指出：“However, when my mom told me that I had to live with my grandfather for six weeks, I complained. A voice inside me said that it would be miserable to live with my grandpa, which meant no afternoon baseball games with my neighborhood friends.”，这表明作者抱怨是因为无法与邻居朋友打棒球。 【25题详解】 第二段提到：“When Grandpa heard me, he said in surprise... ‘Let’s go,’ he said, with excitement.”，祖父听到苏珊喜欢棒球时表现出“惊讶”和“兴奋”。 【26题详解】 最后一段写道：“I thought about how he must miss his old home and the friends he grew up with... Then I realized that six weeks away from home was not too bad, especially with Grandpa around.”，苏珊理解了祖父的怀旧之情，并意识到与祖父共度时光的意义，因此最可能的是倾听祖父过去的故事。 C Children are born with the curiosity to explore. Yet over time they are becoming less curious about science. Why? This loss of interest may be partly the result of language cues (提示) children hear. And these cues don’t come just from parents; they can also come from school teachers who treat science as an identity rather than actions. When talking to children, many adults might say things like “Let’s be scientists today” or “You’re such a good scientist”. But this kind of identity-focused language, which focuses on science as an identity rather than activities and actions that people do, can be demoralizing for young children— in other words, it can lower their confidence and make them less willing to engage in science activities. One study showed that children as young as four, especially girls, kept their interest longer when their cue to participate in science activities was “Let’s do science” rather than “Let’s be scientists.” One possibility is that when thinking of a scientist, children might picture a white man. If they don’t share that identity, they lose interest in an activity designed for “scientists.” This stereotypical (刻板印象的) belief that science is reserved (保留) for only certain kinds of people emerges surprisingly early. By the first grade, when asked to draw a scientist, children tend to draw a white man. The good news is that language cues can also be directed to promote engagement with science. Describing science as actions that we take, for example, seems to protect young children’s interest in science over time. But it’s also true that teenagers are actively trying on and ultimately (最终) forming different identities for themselves. So in contrast to its demoralizing effects on young children, identity-focused language may help teens stay interested in science. In another study, cueing a future identity based on science (such as “scientist” or “doctor”) motivated middle schoolers to do more homework and was associated with higher grades. Consequently, adults had better use different language cues for children of different age groups to maintain their curiosity about science. 27. What does the underlined word “demoralizing” in paragraph 2 mean? A. unnecessary B. impolite C. discouraging D. unfair 28. Why was action-focused language especially effective for young girls? A. Because it avoids identity conflict in girls’ minds. B. Because stereotypical belief is reserved for girls. C. Because it enhances girls’ engagement in science. D. Because it shows the activity is designed for girls. 29. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A. Why Is Action Better than Identity? B. How Do Parents Raise Young Scientists? C. How Does Age Affect Science Learning? D. What Affects Children’s Interest in Science? 【答案】27. C 28. A 29. D 【解析】 【导语】本文探讨了语言提示对不同年龄段孩子科学兴趣的影响，指出应根据年龄差异使用合适的语言以维持孩子的好奇心。 【27题详解】 第二段指出：“this kind of identity-focused language...can be demoralizing for young children— in other words, it can lower their confidence and make them less willing to engage in science activities.”，破折号后的内容是对“demoralizing”的解释，即“降低自信、减少参与意愿”，与“discouraging”（令人气馁的）意思一致。 【28题详解】 第二段提到：“One study showed that children as young as four, especially girls, kept their interest longer when their cue to participate in science activities was ‘Let’s do science’ rather than ‘Let’s be scientists.’”，第三段进一步解释原因：“When thinking of a scientist, children might picture a white man. If they don't share that identity, they lose interest...”，说明女孩对“成为科学家”缺乏认同感，而“做科学”则避免了这种身份冲突，从而保持了兴趣。 【29题详解】 全文围绕“什么因素影响孩子对科学的兴趣”展开，因此，标题应概括这一核心问题。 D In a new study, researchers have unveiled (揭示) interesting findings that link the consumption (消耗) of refined carbohydrates—such as sugary snacks and highly processed foods—with changes in facial attractiveness. They found that individuals who consumed a high glycemic (血糖的) load breakfast were rated as less attractive than those who consumed a low one. 104 participants were asked to attend the study early in the morning on an empty stomach. Upon arrival, they were assigned to consume one of two types of breakfasts having the same caloric values: one high in refined carbohydrates and the other low. About two hours later, they were photographed under standardized conditions to ensure consistency (一致性)in lighting, background, and positioning. A separate group of raters, who were carefully selected to minimize cultural bias (偏见), assessed the facial photographs, making judgments on overall attractiveness. To evaluate long-term dietary habits, the participants completed detailed dietary questionnaires concerning their consumption during breakfast, afternoon snacks, and between-meal snacks on the day before the study. This information was used to calculate (计算) the glycemic load and energy intake for these meals, providing a comprehensive (全面的) picture of their usual refined carbohydrate consumption. The researchers found that participants who consumed a breakfast rich in refined carbohydrates were less attractive than those who consumed a low-glycemic breakfast. This effect was observed for both male and female participants. The researchers explained that this could be related to the physiological (生理学的) effects of low blood sugar, such as changes in skin blood flow and colour, which happen following the consumption of high-glycemic foods. When examining long-term consumption of refined carbohydrates through glycemic load measures, the researchers found that a higher energy intake at breakfast was associated with increased attractiveness for both men and women, suggesting that foods high in fats and proteins, which do not lead to rapid glycemic responses, might contribute positively to attractiveness. However, the effects of refined carbohydrate consumption on attractiveness varied depending on the specific meal and the gender of the participants. For example, while high energy intake at breakfast increased attractiveness across both genders, the glycemic load of afternoon snacks had opposite effects for men and women. Men with a higher glycemic load during their afternoon snack were considered as more attractive, but for women, a lower glycemic load in this meal was related with increased attractiveness. While the study includes some limitations, the findings serve as a strong reminder of the far-reaching impact of dietary choices. Further research is needed to understand the broader social implications (暗示) of diet, which could provide valuable insights into the complex interplay (相互作用) between diet, biology, and social behaviour. 30. What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about? A. The research purpose. B. The research methods. C. The research question. D. The research background. 31. What did the researchers keep the same for both breakfasts in the study? A. The taste of the food. B. The amount of calories. C. The time they were eaten. D. The type of carbohydrates. 32. What can we learn about the research findings? A. Sharp glycemic reactions might reduce attractiveness. B. Low blood sugar could affect attractiveness positively. C. Men were less affected by refined carbohydrate consumption. D. High energy intake at meals had inconsistent effects on women. 33. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To present a dietary fact. B. To show a biological process. C. To explain a food preference. D. To explore a complex connection. 【答案】30. B 31. B 32. A 33. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇研究报告，主要讲述了研究人员揭示了精制碳水化合物 (如含糖零食和高度加工食品) 的消耗与面部吸引力变化之间的有趣联系，发现食用高血糖负荷早餐的人比食用低血糖负荷早餐的人被认为吸引力更低。 【30题详解】 第二段指出研究方法：“104 participants were asked to attend the study early in the morning on an empty stomach…A separate group of raters, who were carefully selected to minimize cultural bias (偏见), assessed the facial photographs, making judgments on overall attractiveness.”以及第三段“To evaluate long-term dietary habits, the participants completed detailed dietary questionnaires...This information was used to calculate (计算) the glycemic load and energy intake for these meals, providing a comprehensive (全面的) picture of their usual refined carbohydrate consumption.”，这两段详细描述了研究过程中对参与者的安排、评估方式以及如何评估长期饮食习惯，说明了研究方法。 【31题详解】 第二段明确提到：“Upon arrival, they were assigned to consume one of two types of breakfasts having the same caloric values”，这直接说明研究人员让两种早餐的卡路里量保持相同。 【32题详解】 第四段说明研究发现：“The researchers explained that this could be related to the physiological (生理学的) effects of low blood sugar, such as changes in skin blood flow and colour, which happen following the consumption of high-glycemic foods.”，这表明血糖的急剧反应 (食用高血糖食物后) 可能与面部吸引力的降低有关，即急剧的血糖反应可能会降低吸引力。 【33题详解】 最后一段指出写作目的：“Further research is needed to understand the broader social implications (暗示) of diet, which could provide valuable insights into the complex interplay (相互作用) between diet, biology, and social behaviour.”，这说明作者写这篇文章的主要目的是探索饮食、生物学和社会行为之间的复杂联系。 第二部分 四、阅读表达(共10分，1-3题每题2分，4题4分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourself. If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were directed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to “treat their weekend like a vacation.” To ensure that any difference in happiness was not simply due to different spending abilities, all participants were provided with the same fixed amount of experimental funds (资金) for weekend use. The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode—about $130 compared to $104. But it wasn’t the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. The reason why the vacation approach (方法) may have worked wonders could be that the vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. “We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School. The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can’t take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset. 34. What does the research of UCLA’s Anderson School suggest? ________________________________ 35. How did the researchers make sure that different spending abilities would not affect the results of the study? ________________________________ 36. Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders? ________________________________ 37. How could you as a student try to use the “vacation mindset” from the passage to make your weekends more relaxing? (Please give two examples.) ________________________________ 【答案】34. Treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. 35. They provided all participants with the same fixed amount of experimental funds for weekend use. 36. Because the vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. 37. I could try to put away my textbooks and to-do lists for a few hours and do something I truly enjoy, like reading a book for fun or listening to music. This would help me feel relaxed and refreshed, allowing me to return to my schoolwork with more energy and a clearer mind. I could go for a walk in a park with my family and try to focus on the beautiful scenery and our conversation, just like I would do on a real trip. This would make me feel more connected to my family and more attentive to the present moment, which would lift my mood and reduce my stress from studying. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一项关于周末休息的研究。如今人们工作时间较长，休息对恢复精力很重要。加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院的研究表明，将周末当作假期对待能让人更快乐。 【34题详解】 根据“If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier.”可知，研究的核心结论是“将周末当作假期能让人更快乐”。故填Treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. 【35题详解】 根据“To ensure that any difference in happiness was not simply due to different spending abilities, all participants were provided with the same fixed amount of experimental funds (资金) for weekend use.”可知，他们为所有参与者提供了相同的固定金额的实验资金，供周末使用。故填They provided all participants with the same fixed amount of experimental funds for weekend use. 【36题详解】 根据“The reason why the vacation approach (方法) may have worked wonders could be that the vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment.”可知，直接原因即“度假心态让人更关注当下”。故填Because the vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. 【37题详解】 开放性试题，答案合理即可。故填I could try to put away my textbooks and to-do lists for a few hours and do something I truly enjoy, like reading a book for fun or listening to music. This would help me feel relaxed and refreshed, allowing me to return to my schoolwork with more energy and a clearer mind. I could go for a walk in a park with my family and try to focus on the beautiful scenery and our conversation, just like I would do on a real trip. This would make me feel more connected to my family and more attentive to the present moment, which would lift my mood and reduce my stress from studying. 五、词汇训练(共10分，每小题1分) 阅读下列句子，选出划线词或短语在句子中的释义。 38. An experiment was carried out in 2022 to find out what might influence way-finding ability. A. 搬运 B. 带走 C. 实施 D. 从事 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：2022年开展了一项实验，以查明哪些因素可能会影响寻路能力。  根据“An experiment was carried out”可知此处指开展实验，carried out“执行；实施；开展；进行”，固定短语。 39. But don’t read into the numbers to the point where you lose out on feeling proud that you are taking care of yourself. A. 过分解读 B. 阅读 C. 朗读 D. 通读 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：但是不要过分解读这些数字，以至于你因为正在照顾自己而感到自豪这一点都被削弱了。 read into“对…… 过度解读”。 40. He went on to tell the club members that he wanted them to organize an e-waste drive—a day when students and their families could drop off unwanted electronics to be recycled. A. 车程 B. 运动 C. 驱赶 D. 比赛 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：他接着向俱乐部成员们说明，他希望他们能组织一场电子废弃物回收活动——即设立一个专门的日子，让学生们及其家人可以把不再需要的电子产品送到那里进行回收处理。 根据“organize an e-waste”可知，此处是指组织一件事情，AC选项意思不符合；结合“when students and their families could drop off unwanted electronics to be recycled”可知，这是一项电子废物回收活动。 41. By looking into the causes of our behaviors, we can begin to understand our actions more easily and work toward sticking to our beliefs. A. 受限于 B. 打断 C. 放弃 D. 坚持 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：通过研究我们行为原因，我们可以开始更容易地理解我们的行为，并努力坚持我们的信念。 划线单词“sticking”是动词“stick”的动名词形式，动词短语“stick to”意为“坚持”。 42. These materials are strong enough to work but can easily break down in a natural environment. A. 分解 B. 爆发 C. 闯入 D. 分手 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：这些材料足够坚固可以使用，但在自然环境中很容易分解。 根据“can easily break down in a natural environment”可知，表示在自然环境中容易被分解，break down意为“分解”。应填：分解。 43. Then we quickly ran away, ducked behind the trees and waited. A. 赶鸭子 B. 学鸭子叫 C. 躲避 D. 抱住 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：然后我们迅速跑开，躲在树后等待。 根据“quickly ran away”可知，先是迅速跑开；结合“trees and waited”可知，应该是在树后面躲着，并等待。 44. They found that the controller and the robotic arm stood up to both heavy use and a week of inactivity. A. 起立 B. 坚持 C. 支持 D. 经得起 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们发现，控制器和机械臂既能承受高强度使用，也能承受一周不使用的情况。 stood up to“经受住”。 45. These reflections give us an important chance to take a close look at ourselves. A. 离得近 B. 仔细审视 C. 盯着看 D. 查找 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这些反思给了我们一个近距离审视自己的重要机会。 take a close look at字面上意思是“仔细看一看”，结合“ourselves”和选项可知，此处含义为“仔细审视”。 46. Living in a rush feels like we are always pressed for time. A. 耽搁 B. 准时，按时 C. 时间紧迫 D. 为……做准备 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：生活在匆忙之中，感觉就像是我们总是时间紧迫。 根据“Living in a rush”可知，生活很匆忙，说明时间紧迫。 47. On the last day of April, I went outside to find the garden full of colorful flowers. Our hard work paid off. A 付费 B. 得到回报 C. 付清，还清 D. 报复 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：四月最后一天，我走到户外，发现花园里满是五彩缤纷的花朵。我们的辛勤付出有了回报。 “the garden full of colorful flowers”收获了满园盛开鲜花，说明付出的努力有了好结果。短语pay off此处指（付出的努力）得到回报，符合语境；C选项“付清，还清”一般用来指结清债务，不符合此处语义。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $