新人教版高一英语必修三 UNIT 4 Space Exploration Reading and Thinking 课时同步练习（含答案解析）

新人教版高一英语 必修三 UNIT 4 Space Exploration Reading and Thinking 课时同步练习（含答案解析） Ⅰ. 语境单词拼写 根据单词首字母、汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。 1.Space exploration is a new f_______ (前沿；边界) for mankind to explore the unknown. 2.The new launch v_______ (运载工具；飞行器) can carry heavy loads into deep space. 3.The man-made s_______ (卫星) sends back clear pictures of the earth daily. 4.The l_______ (发射；发起) of the new spacecraft was a complete success. 5.The spacecraft will o_______ (环绕…运行) the earth for 6 months to collect data. 6.This g_______ (巨大的；伟大的) project marks a new step in China's space exploration. 7.That historic mission was a giant l_______ (跳跃；飞跃) for China's space industry. 8.Space exploration has opened a new world for m_______ (人类) to discover. 9.The national space a_______ (机构；代理处) is responsible for all launch tasks. 10.The spacecraft can t_______ (传输；发送) real-time data back to the ground control. 11.Scientists have collected plenty of useful d_______ (数据；资料) from the space mission. 12.The s_______ (航天器；宇宙飞船) carried three astronauts into the China Space Station. 13.Humans have always been curious about the u_______ (宇宙；天地万物) and its secrets. 14.The ground control received a weak s_______ (信号；标志) from the distant satellite. 15.The j_______ (玉；翡翠) Rabbit probe has explored the moon for many years. 16.The core m_______ (舱；模块) of the space station was launched successfully. Ⅱ. 单句语法填空 阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The young astronaut is determined _______ (realize) his dream of walking on the moon one day. 2.To the scientists' great _______ (disappoint), the satellite failed to enter the scheduled orbit. 3.The team members were _______ (disappoint) to find the data transmission was interrupted halfway. 4.The Chinese space team decided to carry on _______ (work) on the project in spite of all difficulties. 5.China has gained complete _______ (independent) in core space exploration technologies. 6.The new satellite is designed for _______ (transmit) real-time data to the ground control center. 7.The Tianhe core module _______ (orbit) the earth safely for more than 3 years by the end of 2025. 8.The first manned space flight was completed _______ the Soviet Union in April 1961. 9.The giant leap for mankind in 1969, _______ shocked the whole world, was made by Apollo 11. 10.Only by continuous scientific research _______ we unlock more secrets of the universe. Ⅲ. 句型运用与完成句子 根据所给汉语提示，补全下列句子，每空词数不限。 1._______________________ (人们普遍认为) that space exploration has greatly changed mankind's understanding of the universe. 2.The development of advanced technology _______ (使我们能够) carry on with the exploration of deep space safely. 3._______________________ (中国不仅下定决心) to build its own space station, but also to promote international space cooperation. 4.The result of the experiment was _______________________ (如此令人失望以至于) the research team had to adjust their plan immediately. 5.It was the successful launch of Shenzhou-5 _______________________ (标志着中国航天事业的巨大飞跃). Ⅳ. 课文语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。 Humans have always been curious 1._______ the universe, and space exploration is the key for mankind to unlock its unknown secrets. Thousands of years ago, Wan Hu, a Chinese ancient inventor, tried to fly into space with a rocket, marking the first known attempt by humans to explore space. In 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 2._______ (launch) by the Soviet Union, which started the official era of space exploration. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person 3._______ (go) into space. Then in 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped on the moon, making 4._______ giant leap for mankind. China's space programme started late, but it has made rapid progress. In 2003, Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut in space. Later, China launched the Tiangong space station, sent Chang'e spacecraft to the moon, and helped mankind understand the lunar world 5._______ (full). 6._______ (design) for long-term space tasks, the Tianhe core module has become the home of Chinese astronauts in space. Scientists 7._______ face many difficulties and failures will never give up. They 8._______ (work) on new technologies to make space travel safer for decades. They are determined to carry on with 9._______ (explore) the deep space, because they believe continuous exploration is the key to the 10._______ (develop) of all mankind. Ⅴ. 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 From the time I was a little boy, I was crazy about the stars and the universe. I would sit on the roof with a telescope every night, 1._______ the bright stars and dreaming of becoming an astronaut one day. To make my dream come true, I made a strict 2._______ for myself. I studied hard at school, especially physics and math, and 3._______ physical training every day to build up my body. I knew that being an astronaut required not only a smart mind but also a 4._______ body and a strong will. The training was far harder than I had imagined. I had to learn hundreds of professional rules, master the operation of every 5._______ in the spacecraft, and get used to the weightless environment. Many times I wanted to give up, 6._______ the memory of the stars encouraged me to carry on. At the age of 32, my dream finally came true. I was chosen to be a member of the Shenzhou mission. When I sat in the spacecraft, waiting for the launch, my heart was beating fast. The countdown 7., and the rocket lifted off slowly. As I 8. the earth through the window, I felt tears in my eyes. Staying in the space station for 6 months, I completed all the tasks 9._______ with my teammates. We collected data, did experiments, and sent back 10._______ of the earth and the universe. Every day, I was 11._______ by the beauty of the universe, and I understood the meaning of the "giant leap for mankind". Space exploration is not a(n) 12._______ task for a single person, but a long journey for all mankind. Every failure is a step 13._______ success, and every small progress is the result of the hard work of thousands of people. We will never stop 14._______ the unknown universe, because we believe that the 15._______ of mankind lies in the stars. 1. A. watching B. catching C. touching D. counting 2. A. Promise B. plan C. rule D. order 3. A. put on B. took up C. stuck to D. gave up 4. A. weak B. healthy C. special D. large 5. A. module B. vehicle C. satellite D. signal 6. A. or B. so C. but D. and 7. A. finished B. started C. stopped D. changed 8. A. orbited B. saw C. left D. approached 9. A. successfully B. secretly C. slowly D. formally 10. A. messages B. signals C. pictures D. data 11. A. shocked B. disappointed C. moved D. amazed 12. A. easy B. difficult C. small D. big 13. A. for B. to C. from D. against 14. A. exploring B. discovering C. creating D. describing 15. A. history B. pride C. future D. failure 【答案解析】 Ⅰ. 语境单词拼写 1.frontier 2.vehicle 3.satellite 4.launch 5.orbit 6.giant 7.leap 8.mankind 9.agency 10.transmit 11.data 12.spacecraft 13.universe 14.signal 15.jade 16.module Ⅱ. 单句语法填空 1.答案：to realize 【高考考点】单元核心固定短语、非谓语动词（不定式作状语） 【解题思路】本题考查本单元核心固定搭配be determined to do sth.（下定决心做某事），为高考高频固定短语，空格处需填不定式to realize作状语。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形realize，be determined后必须接不定式，不能直接接动词原形。 2.答案：disappointment 【高考考点】词性转换（动词→名词）、高考高频固定短语 【解题思路】本题考查固定短语to one's + 抽象名词，表“令某人……的是”，空格前为名词所有格scientists'，必须接名词作宾语，因此填所给动词disappoint的名词形式disappointment。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形disappoint，也不可填形容词disappointed/disappointing，to one's后只能接名词。 3.答案：disappointed 【高考考点】词性转换（动词→形容词）、ed形容词与ing形容词辨析 【解题思路】空格处作表语，修饰主语The team members（人），表“感到失望的”，需填所给动词disappoint的形容词形式disappointed。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形disappoint，也不可填disappointing（修饰物，表“令人失望的”），此处修饰人，只能用disappointed。 4.答案：working 【高考考点】单元核心固定短语、非谓语动词（动名词作宾语） 【解题思路】本题考查本单元核心固定短语carry on doing sth.（继续做某事），介词on后必须接动名词作宾语，因此填working。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形work，介词后不能直接接动词原形。 5.答案：independence 【高考考点】词性转换（形容词→名词） 【解题思路】空格前为形容词complete，空格处作句子宾语，必须填名词，因此填所给形容词independent的名词形式independence。 【易错警示】绝对不可填形容词原形independent，形容词不能直接作宾语。 6.答案：transmitting 【高考考点】非谓语动词（动名词作介词宾语） 【解题思路】空格前为介词for，介词后必须接动名词作宾语，因此填所给动词transmit的动名词形式transmitting。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形transmit，介词后不能直接接动词原形。 7.答案：had orbited 【高考考点】动词时态（过去完成时） 【解题思路】时间状语by the end of 2025是高考时态题的核心标志，表“到过去某个时间点为止”，句子需用过去完成时，因此填had orbited。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形orbit，也不可用一般过去时/现在完成时，by+过去时间必须用过去完成时，答案唯一。 8.答案：by 【高考考点】介词盲填、被动语态 【解题思路】本句为被动语态，空格后为动作的发出者the Soviet Union，被动语态中表“被……完成”，只能用介词by，答案唯一。 【易错警示】不可填in/from等其他介词，被动语态中动作发出者的标志介词只能用by。 9.答案：which 【高考考点】定语从句（非限制性定语从句） 【解题思路】空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个主句“1969年人类的巨大飞跃”，关系词在从句中作主语。 【易错警示】绝对不可填that，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，为高考高频易错点。 10.答案：can 【高考考点】倒装结构、情态动词用法 【解题思路】本题考查高考高频考点：Only+状语置于句首，句子需用部分倒装。结合语境“只有通过持续的科学研究，我们才能解开宇宙更多的秘密”，空格处需填表“能够/将会”的情态动词，can为首选答案，will也符合语法语义的词汇。 【易错警示】不可填do/does等助动词，结合语境，情态动词can是唯一符合逻辑的答案。 Ⅲ. 句型运用与完成句子 1.参考答案：It is widely believed 【高考考点】高考高频核心句型：it作形式主语 【名师解析】本句核心结构唯一，必须用it作形式主语，真正主语为后面的that从句，避免句子头重脚轻，是高考语法填空与写作的双核心必考句型。 2.参考答案：enables us to 【高考考点】高考高频固定结构：enable sb. to do sth. 【名师解析】本句核心结构唯一，贴合课文“科技发展推动太空探索”的核心主题，主语The development为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式enables。 3.参考答案：Not only is China determined 【高考考点】高考高频倒装结构：Not only置于句首的部分倒装 【名师解析】Not only置于句首时，句子必须用部分倒装，需将be动词is提前至主语China之前。 4.参考答案：so disappointing that 【高考考点】高考高频句型：so...that...（如此...以至于...） 【名师解析】本句核心结构唯一，修饰主语The result of the experiment（物），需用disappointing，若修饰人则用disappointed，符合高考语法规范。 5.参考答案：that marked a giant leap for China's space industry 【高考考点】高考核心语法：it is/was...that...强调句型 【名师解析】本句为强调句，被强调部分为句子主语the successful launch of Shenzhou-5，强调句的固定连接词用that。 Ⅳ. 课文语法填空 1.答案：about 【高考考点】介词、固定搭配 【解题思路】本题考查固定短语be curious about（对……好奇），为高考高频固定搭配。 2.答案：was launched 【高考考点】动词的时态、语态与主谓一致 【解题思路】主语the Sputnik 1 satellite与动词launch为被动关系（卫星被发射），时间状语In 1957为一般过去时，主语为单数，因此填一般过去时的被动语态was launched。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形launch，也不可用主动语态。 3.答案：to go 【高考考点】非谓语动词（不定式作后置定语） 【解题思路】本题考查高考固定核心结构the first + 名词 + to do sth.，不定式作后置定语修饰名词person，因此填to go。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形go，序数词修饰的名词后需用不定式作后置定语。 4.答案：a 【高考考点】冠词 【解题思路】本题考查固定短语a giant leap for mankind（人类的一大步），此处表泛指“一次巨大的飞跃”，需用不定冠词a。 5.答案：fully 【高考考点】词性转换（形容词→副词） 【解题思路】空格处修饰动词understand，只有副词可以修饰动词，因此填所给形容词full的副词形式fully。 【易错警示】绝对不可填形容词原形full，形容词不能修饰动词。 6.答案：Designed 【高考考点】非谓语动词（过去分词作状语） 【解题思路】句子主语the Tianhe core module与动词design为被动关系（核心舱被设计），需用过去分词作状语，句首首字母大写，因此填Designed。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形design，也不可用现在分词Designing（表主动关系）。 7.答案：who（that也符合语法规范，均不扣分） 【高考考点】连词、定语从句关系代词 【解题思路】空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词Scientists指人，关系词在从句中作主语，who为首选标准答案，that也符合语法规范，均不扣分。 8.答案：have worked（have been working也符合语法规范，均不扣分） 【高考考点】动词时态（现在完成时/现在完成进行时） 【解题思路】时间状语for decades表“从过去持续到现在的动作”，需用现在完成时have worked；若强调动作持续进行，现在完成进行时have been working也符合规范，均不扣分。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形work，不可用一般过去时。 9.答案：exploring 【高考考点】非谓语动词（动名词作介词宾语） 【解题思路】空格前为介词with，介词后必须接动名词作宾语，因此填所给动词explore的动名词形式exploring。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形explore，介词后不能直接接动词原形。 10.答案：development 【高考考点】词性转换（动词→名词） 【解题思路】空格前为定冠词the，空格处作介词to的宾语，必须填名词，因此填所给动词develop的名词形式development。 【易错警示】绝对不可填动词原形develop，动词不能直接作宾语。 Ⅴ. 完形填空 1.答案：A 【高考考点】动词辨析 【解题思路】根据前文“拿着望远镜坐在屋顶”的语境，可知是“看着明亮的星星”，watching（观看）符合语境。 【干扰项排除】B. catching抓住；C. touching触摸；D. counting数数，均不符合“用望远镜看星星”的场景逻辑，直接排除。 2.答案：B 【高考考点】名词辨析 【解题思路】根据后文“努力学习、坚持体能训练”的内容，可知是“为自己制定了严格的计划”，plan（计划）符合语境。 【干扰项排除】A. promise承诺；C. rule规则；D. order命令，均无法统领后文的学习和训练安排，排除。 3.答案：C 【高考考点】动词短语辨析 【解题思路】根据语境“每天坚持体能训练来强身健体”，stuck to（坚持）符合语境。 【干扰项排除】A. put on穿上；B. took up开始从事；D. gave up放弃，均不符合“每天坚持”的语义，排除。 4.答案：B 【高考考点】形容词辨析 【解题思路】根据前文“体能训练”的铺垫，可知宇航员需要“健康的身体”，healthy（健康的）符合语境。 【干扰项排除】A. weak虚弱的，与语境相反；C. special特殊的；D. large大的，均无法修饰宇航员的身体素养，排除。 5.答案：A 【高考考点】名词辨析（本单元核心词汇） 【解题思路】根据语境“掌握宇宙飞船里每个舱的操作”，module（舱；模块）为本单元核心词汇，完全贴合航天场景。 【干扰项排除】B. vehicle运载工具；C. satellite卫星；D. signal信号，均不属于宇宙飞船内部的操作对象，排除。 6.答案：C 【高考考点】连词辨析 【解题思路】前文“很多次我想放弃”与后文“星星的记忆鼓励我继续坚持”为明显的转折关系，but（但是）符合逻辑。 【干扰项排除】A. or或者，表选择；B. so所以，表因果；D. and和，表并列，均不符合前后句的转折逻辑，排除。 7.答案：A 【高考考点】动词辨析 【解题思路】根据后文“火箭缓缓升空”的航天常识，可知是“倒计时结束”，finished（结束）符合发射场景。 【干扰项排除】B. started开始，倒计时开始火箭不会立即升空；C. stopped停止；D. changed改变，均不符合发射流程，排除。 8.答案：C 【高考考点】动词辨析 【解题思路】根据火箭升空的场景逻辑，火箭离地升空后，宇航员透过窗户看到的是“离开地球”的画面，left（离开）符合语境。 【干扰项排除】A. orbited环绕，此时火箭刚升空，尚未进入环绕轨道；B. saw看见，无法体现升空过程中地球的空间变化；D. approached靠近，与语境相反，排除。 9.答案：A 【高考考点】副词辨析 【解题思路】根据语境“我和队友成功完成了所有任务”，successfully（成功地）符合航天任务的核心目标。 【干扰项排除】B. secretly秘密地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. formally正式地，均不符合航天任务的语境，排除。 10.答案：C 【高考考点】名词辨析 【解题思路】前文已经提到“We collected data”，为避免语义重复，此处“发回地球和宇宙的照片”，pictures（照片）符合语境，且与前文“望远镜看星星”的伏笔呼应。 【干扰项排除】A. messages信息；B. signals信号，与语境无关；D. data数据，与前文collected data重复，排除。 11.答案：D 【高考考点】形容词辨析 【解题思路】根据语境“每天我都为宇宙的美丽感到惊叹”，amazed（惊叹的）符合对宇宙美景的感受。 【干扰项排除】A. shocked震惊的，含负面意外含义；B. disappointed失望的，与语境相反；C. moved感动的，无法体现宇宙美景带来的震撼，排除。 12.答案：A 【高考考点】形容词辨析 【解题思路】根据后文“而是全人类的漫长旅程”的转折逻辑，可知前文为“太空探索不是一个人能轻松完成的任务”，easy（容易的）符合逻辑。 【干扰项排除】B. difficult困难的，与后文转折逻辑矛盾；C. small小的；D. big大的，均无法与后文形成合理转折，排除。 13.答案：B 【高考考点】介词固定搭配 【解题思路】本题考查固定短语a step to success（通往成功的一步），介词to表“朝向”，为唯一正确答案。 【干扰项排除】A. for为了；C. from从；D. against反对，均不符合固定搭配，排除。 14.答案：A 【高考考点】动词辨析（本单元核心主题词汇） 【解题思路】本单元核心主题为space exploration（太空探索），exploring the unknown universe（探索未知的宇宙）为固定主题搭配，完全贴合全文主旨，为唯一正确答案。 【干扰项排除】B. discovering发现，侧重结果，而太空探索侧重持续的过程；C. creating创造；D. describing描述，均不符合单元主题与语境，排除。 15.答案：C 【高考考点】名词辨析 【解题思路】根据全文主旨，句意为“我们永远不会停止探索，因为我们相信人类的未来在星辰之中”，future（未来）贴合全文的探索与展望基调。 【干扰项排除】A. history历史；B. pride骄傲；D. failure失败，均无法升华全文主旨，排除。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $