专题05 名词（知识清单）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（北京专用）

小升初英语专题总复习（北京专用） 专题05 名词 milk tree sheep plane bananas socks farmer house 考点一 名词的分类 名词是指表示人或事物名称的词，可以分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。 1. 专有名词：表示人名、地名、节日、机构、组织等专门独有的名称。 Peter White彼得●怀特 China中国 the Great Wall长城 the Spring Festival春节 注意：在专有名词中，实词的首字母要大写。 2. 普通名词：可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。 3. 分类 定义 示例 可数 名词 个体名词 表示单个的人或事物的词 apple苹果 dog狗 desk桌子 集体名词 表示一群人或一些事物的总称 family家庭 group组，群 team团队 不可数 名词 物质名词 表示看得见摸得着的具体事物 water水 air空气 rice大米，米饭 抽象名词 表示虚拟概念的词 love爱 friendship友谊 health健康 注意：有时候family、class、team、group等集合名词还可以作个体名词使用。 考点再现 一、将单词按照相同的类别分类，其中有一个单词不属于任何一类。 A. blouse        B. March        C. May            D. ox             E. rabbit      F. dragon G. jacket         H. jeans          I. stamp          J. August        K. rat 1. 月份： 2. 服饰： 3. 生肖： 二、单项选择。 ( )1. —How many _____ are there in the photo? —Six. A. people B. apple C. boy ( )2. —What is your water bottle like? —It’s blue and in the _____ of a teddy bear. A. colour B. shape C. middle ( )3. I`m from _____. But I can speak _____ well. A. China; English B. the UK; English C. English; Chinese 过关训练 一、读单词，根据每组单词的类别，在横线上填写一个同类的单词。 1. math         Chinese     science     _______ 2. January      October      February   _______ 3. horse         elephant      rooster     _______ 4. plane         train           subway   _______ 5. Australia    Canada        Russia     _______ 二、单项选择。 ( )1. Peter Brown is my classmate. His father is _____. A. John Smith B. Brown John C. John Brown ( )2. —Look at the photo. Our _____ are watching TV. —You’re so happy. I admire(羡慕) you! A. people B. home C. family ( )3. We have a lot of _____ at weekends, but we have _____ too. A. homework; fun B. homeworks; funs C. homework; funs 考点二 名词的数 普通名词又可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。 ➱可数名词 1. 可以计数的人或事物类名词为可数名词，可数名词有单复数形式。 a tomato → three tomatoes an elephant → two elephants (一个西红柿) (三个西红柿) (一头大象) (两头大象) 2. 可数名词单数可以用冠词a、an、the，数词one和代词来修饰。 a lion一头狮子 an orange一个橙子 one schoolbag一个书包 this woman这位女士 3. 可数名词复数可以用冠词the、代词和大于1的数词来修饰。 the flowers这些花 my gloves我的手套 four potatoes四个土豆 five children五个孩子 ➱不可数名词 1. 不可计数的人或事物类名词为不可数名词，不可数名词可以不加修饰词，也可以用冠词the进行修饰。 Water is important for our health. 水对我们的健康很重要。 The milk in the fridge is cold. 冰箱里的牛奶是凉的。 2. 表示不可数名词的确切数量时，可以用“数词＋量词＋of”进行修饰。当数词大于1时，量词要变为复数形式。 two cups of juice两杯果汁 four pieces of bread四片面包 five bottles of milk五瓶牛奶 3. 表示不可数名词的不确切数量时，可以用some、much、lots of、a little、plenty of等修饰。 some rice一些米饭 much time很多时间 lots of salt很多盐 a little sand一点沙子 plenty of food大量的食物 ➱可数名词复数的构成 1. 可数名词复数的规则变化 情况 变化规则 示例 一般情况 词尾直接加-s dog→dogs hen→hens zebra→zebras 以 s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词 词尾加-es box→boxes bus→buses watch→watches 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词 变y为 i，再加-es baby→babies city→cities factory→factories 以f、fe结尾的名词 变f/fe为v，再加-es knife→knives wolf→wolves thief→thieves 以o结尾的词 词尾加-s或-es photo→photos piano→pianos radio→radios hero→heroes tomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes 2. 可数名词复数的不规则变化 变化规则 示例 改变元音或词尾 foot→feet goose→geese man→men tooth→teeth woman→women child→children mouse→mice ox→oxen 单复数同形 Chinese→Chinese deer→deer fish→fish sheep→sheep 考点再现 单项选择 ( )1. I’m going to bring some _____ for the picnic. A. cake B. milk C. candy ( )2. I’m writing a shopping list. I need some _____. A. paper B. blackboard C. pencil ( )3. We bought some pizza, some apples and _____ for the picnic. A. 6 bottle of juice B. 6 bottles of juice C. 6 bottles of juices ( )4. My family lives in the ______. It’s small but beautiful. A. buildings B. village C. hills ( )5. He gave me ______ eraser and two ______ yesterday. A. an; pencil boxes B. an; pencil box C. a; pencil boxes 过关训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。 1. I can learn a lot with the (帮助) of him. 2. Be careful! There are some (狼) in the forest. 3. This boy shouldn’t eat too many sweets because they are bad for his (牙齿). 4. The __________ (运动员) enter(进入) the stadium(体育馆) in a certain order. 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. There are about 50 (country) in Asia. 2. There are many different kinds of (club) in my school. 3. There are many (woman) teachers in our school. 4. My (hobby) are climbing trees and playing games. 5. I go to see the dentist every six (month). 考点三 名词所有格 名词所有格表示名词之间的所属关系，有三种形式：’s所有格、of所有格和双重所有格。 1. ’s所有格 适用对象 情况 变化 示例 有生命的物体的所有格 单数名词 加’s Tom’s book汤姆的书 the dog’s tail狗的尾巴 复数名词 以s结尾，加’ the boys’ toys男孩们的玩具 my cats’ bed我的猫咪们的床 teachers’ desk讲台 不以s结尾，加’s the children’s room孩子们的房间 两个名词用and连接，表示共有某物 只在最后一个名词结尾加’s Lucy and Lily’s room 露西和莉莉共用的房间 Tom and Jerry’s toy 汤姆和杰瑞共有的玩具 两个名词用and连接，表示两人分别拥有某物 每个名词结尾都加’s Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms 露西的房间和莉莉的房间 Tom’s and Jerry’s toys 汤姆的玩具和杰瑞的玩具 Ann’s and Sarah’s desks 安的书桌和萨拉的书桌 2. of所有格 适用对象 示例 无生命的物体的所有格 the door of the room房间的门 the end of the story故事的结尾 a photo of my family一张我的全家福 the capital of China中国的首都 3. 双重所有格 情况 示例 of+名词所有格 a friend of my father’s我爸爸的一位朋友 two photos of Lily’s莉莉的两张照片 a book of Tom’s汤姆的一本书 of+名词性物主代词 a friend of mine我的一位朋友 a book of yours你的一本书 two photos of his他的两张照片 a toy of hers她的一个玩具 a teacher of theirs他们的一位老师 考点再现 单项选择 ( )1. —Whose dress is this? Is it Lily’s, Peter? —No, it’s not ________. It’s________. A. Lily’s; Xiaoxia B. Lily; Xiaoxia’s C. Lily’s; Xiaoxia’s ( )2. —Where is my map? —It’s in your ______ room. You can ask them for it. A. parents B. parent’s C. parents’ ( )3. The result of _______ math test is good. A. the students B. the students’ C. student’s ( )4.______ is very small and white. A. The hats of your brothers B. The hats of your brother C. Your brother's hat ( )5. This is ________ room. They are twin sisters and they always clean it. A. Lucy’s and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy’s and Lily’s 过关训练 1、 将下列短语改写成用’s来表示所有关系的短语。 1. a walk of half an hour __________________ 2. the bikes of Helen and Jane________________ 3. the ships of the children ________________ 4. the sister of John ________________________ 5. at the shop of Uncle John _______________ 二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. This is (Lucy) dress. It’s pink. 2. I can clean the (teacher) desk. 3. Ann washes her (mom) scarf every morning. 4. Please write down your (friend) name on the paper. 5. The umbrella outside the shop is one of the (child). 6. Andrew King is (Sam and Nancy) cousin. They are in the same class and they always play tennis together after school. 一、写出下列单词的复数形式 1. factory ___________     2. trunk ____________     3. plant __________ 4. seed _________   5. leaf ______________     6. foot   _____________ 7. Chinese _______    8. tree __________ 9. strawberry _________    10. life ____________ 11. deer _________  12. potato________ 二、选出下列单词中不同类的一项。 ( )1. A. mooncake B. candy C. zookeeper ( )2. A. September B. Monday C. October ( )3. A. candle B. bell C. poem ( )4. A. green B. brown C. weather ( )5. A. Christmas B. month C. year ( )6. A. coat B. scientist C. postman ( )7. A. left B. taxi C. right ( )8. A. bedroom B. kitchen C. sofa 三、读句子，根据句意选择相应的词汇。 ( )1. China has a history of over five .A. spring      B. April      C. playground      D. cousin      E. centuries ( )2. World Earth Day is on ______ 22nd. ( )3. The ______ in our new middle school is very large. ( )4. The weather in ______ in Beijing is sometimes windy. ( )5. My ______ has a round face and big eyes. 四、读句子，补全与图片内容相符的单词。 第1小题图 第2小题图 第3小题图 第4小题图 第5小题图 1. I need to use the t________ now.  2. My sister has got a pink s________ as her birthday gift. 3. My mum bought a pair of s________ for me yesterday.  4. She likes to look at the colourful f________ every morning. 5. Shortly after the fire happened, the f________ came to rescue the people in that building. 五、用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。 1. I move my hands and ____________(leg) with the music. 2. —How many ____________(sheep) are there on the farm? —Twenty. 3. In the cartoon, the cat is chasing five ____________(mouse). 4. These ____________(photo) are about his daily life. 5. —Can I print on both ________ (side) of the paper?  —Sure. 6. —What are you going to buy, Miss White? —I’m going to buy some ____________(dictionary). 7. Children in Australia usually bring lunch ____________(box) to school. 8.They don’t have any ____________(coal) now. They want to buy some. 9. There are two ____________(knife) on the table as we can see. 10. At dinner time, ____________(John) mother opened the fridge. 11. The sign “No ____________(photo)” means you shouldn’t take photos here. 12. Those ____________(child) are having an English class now. 13. It’s ____________(Sam) turn to sweep the floor. 14. Yesterday was March the eighth. It was ____________(woman) Day. 15. Children sit around the tables at ____________(Amy and Sam) school. 六、单项选择。 ( )1. If you want to lose weight, you can’t eat ______. A. too much ice cream B. fruit C. vegetables ( )2. That girl is too hungry. She would like two ______ of ______. A. bowl; rice B. bowl; rices C. bowls; rice ( )3. The ______ are hard-working. They go to work early every day. A. pilots B. postman C. police officer ( )4. Animals and plants can live on the ______. A. sun B. star C. Earth ( )5. We’ll have dinner at your ______ home. A. grandparent B. grandparents C. grandparents’ ( )6. —How much ________ do you want? —A little. A. tomatoes B. boxes C. ice cream ( )7. My ______ were in the schoolbag last night. A. book B. gloves C. scarf D. warm jacket ( )8. Look, there are so many cute ________ on Uncle Lin’s farm. A. sheep B. horse C. calf D. pig ( )9. ______ is in October or November. It is a festival for old people. A. Spring Festival B. The Dragon Boat Festival C. The Mid-Autumn Festival D. The Double Ninth Festival ( )10. I had much ______ this morning, so I’m not hungry now. A. bread B. eggs C. tomatoes D. cakes ( )11. —Who’s the man in the car? —He’s ______ father. A. Kate’s and Tom’s B. Kate and Tom’s C. of Kate and Tom D. Kate and Tom ( )12. My brother likes ______. He wants to be a ______. A. sports; basketball player B. sport; pianist C. sport; driver D. sports; pianist ( )13. —How many are there in the hospital? —I don’t know. A. women doctor B. women doctors C. woman doctor D. woman doctors ( )14. These are the of our national . A. photos; heroes B. photoes; heroes C. photos; heros D. photoes; heros ( )15. A set of keys ________ on her desk and her ________ are under the bed. A. is; sweater B. are; socks C. is; shoes D. are; hat 答案与解析 考点一：名词的分类 考点再现：一、1. B, C, J 2. A, G, H 3. D, E, F, K 二、1. A 2.B 3.A 过关训练：一、1. Art/PE/History(学科类) 2. March/June/July(月份类) 3. tiger/dog/pig(动物类) 4. bus/car/bike(交通工具类) 5. China/America/Japan(国家类) 二、1. C 2. C 3. A 考点二：名词的数 考点再现：1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 过关训练：一、1. help 2. wolves 3. teeth 4. players 二、1. countries 2. clubs 3. women 4. hobbies 5. months 考点三：名词所有格 考点再现：1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 过关训练：一、1. half an hour’s walk 2. Helen and Jane’s bikes 3. the children’s ships 4. John’s sister 5. at Uncle John’s shop 二、1. Lucy’s 2. teacher’s 3. mom’s 4. friend’s/friends’ 5. children’s 6. Sam and Nancy’s 一、1. factories 2. trunks 3. plants 4. seeds 5. leaves 6. feet 7. Chinese 8. trees 9. strawberries 10. lives 11. deer 12. potatoes 二、1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. C 三、1. E 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D 四、1. toilet 2. skirt 3. socks 4. flowers 5. firefighters 五、1. legs 2. sheep 3. mice 4. photos 5. sides 6. dictionaries 7. boxes 8. coal 9. knives 10. John’s 11. photos 12. children 13. Sam’s 14. Women’s 15. Amy and Sam’s 六、1. A 【解析】lose weight“减肥”，需避免吃高热量食物；too much后接不可数名词，ice cream（冰淇淋）符合，fruit/vegetable为减肥食品，故选A。 2. C 【解析】two后接量词复数，bowl→bowls；rice（米饭）为不可数名词，无复数，故选C。 3. A 【解析】谓语are为复数，主语需用可数名词复数，pilots（飞行员）为复数，postman/police officer为单数，故选A。 4. C 【解析】句意：动植物生活在地球上。Earth（地球）前加定冠词the，sun（太阳）、star（星星）不符合语义，故选C。 5. C 【解析】句意：我们将在你祖父母的家里吃饭。grandparents为复数，以s结尾，所有格加’，即grandparents’，故选C。 6. C 【解析】how much后接不可数名词，tomatoes/boxes为复数，ice cream（冰淇淋，不可数）符合，故选C。 7. B 【解析】谓语were为复数，主语需用可数名词复数，gloves（手套）为复数，其余均为单数，故选B。 8. A 【解析】many后接可数名词复数，sheep单复数同形，horse/calf/pig为单数，故选A。 9. D 【解析】重阳节在十月/十一月，是敬老节；春节在正月、端午节在五月、中秋节在八月，故选D。 10. A 【解析】much后接不可数名词，bread（面包）为不可数，eggs/tomatoes/cakes为复数，故选A。 11. B 【解析】father为单数，表“两人共有”，所有格只在最后一个名词后加’s，即Kate and Tom’s，故选B。 12. A 【解析】like sports为固定搭配，表示“喜欢运动”；pianist（钢琴家）、driver（司机）与运动无关，basketball player（篮球运动员）符合，故选A。 13. B 【解析】how many后接可数复数，“女医生”为复合名词，woman和 doctor均变复数，即women doctors，故选B。 14. A 【解析】photo的复数为photos（o结尾无生命，变复数加-s），hero的复数为heroes（o结尾有生命，变复数加-es），故选A。 15. C 【解析】a set of keys表示“一串钥匙”，中心词set为单数，谓语用is；后一句谓语are为复数，主语需用复数，shoes（鞋子）为复数，其余均为单数，故选C。 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $