Unit 5 Going shopping（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语鲁科版五四制四年级下册（新教材）

Unit 5 Going shopping 语法提升·易错题专项训练 高频易错点03 特殊疑问词 how much 的价格询问 高频易错点01 情态动词 would like 的用法（单元核心请求句型） 高频易错点02 情态动词 can 与助动词 do 引导的一般疑问句 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 情态动词 would like 的用法（单元核心请求句型）高频易错点01 核心规则（详细版，全用单元词汇 / 句型） 1.语法功能：would like 意为 “想要”，用于购物场景中礼貌地表达需求，语气比 want 更委婉、客气，是单元最核心的请求句型。 2.核心结构（单元专属，必背） 肯定句：主语 + would like + 物品. 单元例句：I'd like a toy bus, please.（我想要一辆玩具巴士。）/ I'd like a birthday present for my grandma.（我想要给我奶奶一份生日礼物。） 否定句：主语 + would not (wouldn't) like + 物品. 单元例句：I wouldn't like a red schoolbag.（我不想要红色的书包。） 一般疑问句：Would + 主语 + like + 物品？ 单元例句：Would you like a toy car?（你想要一辆玩具车吗？） 3.答句规则（单元固定应答） 肯定回答：Yes, please.（好的，谢谢。） 否定回答：No, thanks.（不了，谢谢。） 易错点提示 混淆 would like 与 want：would like 后直接接名词（正确 I'd like a pen.），want 后接名词或 to do（正确 I want a pen. / I want to buy a pen.），不可说 “I'd like to a pen.”； 缩写错误：I would like 缩写为 I'd like，不可写成 “I like” 或 “I would like”； 答句错误：对 Would you like...? 的应答必须用 Yes, please. / No, thanks.，不可用 Yes, I would. / No, I wouldn't. 小练笔 单项选择 ( ) 1. —______ you like a toy bus? —Yes, please. A. Do B. Would C. Can ( ) 2. I ______ like a blue schoolbag. A. would B. want C. am ( ) 3. —Would you like a toy car? —______ A. Yes, I would. B. No, I wouldn't. C. No, thanks. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. ______ (would) you like a toy car? 2. I ______ (not would) like a red dress. 3. She ______ (would) like a birthday cake. 点拨 单项选择 1. B 询问对方是否想要某物用 Would you like...?，是单元核心句型，答句 Yes, please. 也匹配此句型。 2. A would like 后直接接名词 a blue schoolbag，符合单元请求句型结构；want 后接名词时无需 to，但若接动词需用 to do，此处若用 want 应为 I want a blue schoolbag.。 3. C Would you like...? 的否定回答用 No, thanks.，是单元固定交际应答，A、B 选项不符合习惯。 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. Would 一般疑问句需将 would 提前，首字母大写，符合单元请求句型结构。 2. wouldn't would not 的缩写为 wouldn't，用于否定句，符合单元否定请求表达。 3. would 主语 she 后接 would like，表达 “她想要”，符合单元肯定请求句型。 情态动词 can 与助动词 do 引导的一般疑问句 高频易错点02 核心规则（详细版，全用单元词汇 / 句型） 1.情态动词 can 引导的疑问句 语法功能：用于询问 “能否做某事”，如请求帮助、请求试穿等，can 后接动词原形。 单元核心句型： Can I help you?（我能帮你吗？）—— 店员常用语，答句：Yes, I'd like.../ No, thanks. Can I try it on?（我能试穿它吗？）—— 购物试穿请求，答句：Sure, please. / Yes, you can. 2.助动词 do 引导的疑问句 语法功能：用于询问 “是否拥有某物”，do 后接动词原形。 单元核心句型： Do you have schoolbags?（你们有书包吗？）—— 询问商品是否有货，答句：Yes, we do. / No, we don't. Do you like this bag?（你喜欢这个包吗？）—— 询问对方喜好，答句：Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 易错点提示 can 后接动词原形：错误 Can I tries it on? → 正确 Can I try it on?（can 后动词用原形）； do 与主语搭配：错误 Do she have a blue one? → 正确 Does she have a blue one?（主语 she 是三单，用 does）； 答句匹配：对 Can I...? 的应答用 Sure. / Yes, you can.，对 Do you...? 的应答用 Yes, I do. / No, I don't.，不可混淆。 小练笔 单项选择 ( ) 1. —______ I help you? —Yes, I'd like a toy bus. A. Do B. Can C. Would ( ) 2. —______ you have a blue schoolbag? —No, we don't. A. Do B. Can C. Would ( ) 3. —Can I try it on? —______ A. Yes, I do. B. Sure, please. C. No, I don't. 句型转换 1. I can try on the dress.（改为一般疑问句） ______________________________________________________ 2. You have a toy car.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） ______________________________________________________ 3. She likes the red hat.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） ______________________________________________________ 点拨 单项选择 1. B 店员询问是否需要帮助用 Can I help you?，是单元核心交际句型，答句 I'd like... 也匹配此场景。 2. A 询问对方是否拥有某物用 Do you have...?，答句 No, we don't. 也匹配此句型，主语 you 用 do。 3. B 对 Can I try it on? 的肯定应答用 Sure, please.，是单元固定交际表达，A、C 选项是对 Do you...? 的应答，不匹配。 句型转换 1. Can I try on the dress? 将情态动词 can 提前，其余成分不变，动词 try 用原形，符合单元一般疑问句规则。 2. —Do you have a toy car? —No, I don't. 主语 you 用助动词 do 引导疑问句，否定回答用 No, I don't.，符合单元询问物品句型。 3. —Does she like the red hat? —Yes, she does. 主语 she 是三单，用助动词 does 引导疑问句，动词 like 用原形，肯定回答用 Yes, she does.，符合单元询问喜好句型。 特殊疑问词 how much 的价格询问高频易错点03 核心规则（详细版，全用单元词汇 / 句型） 1.语法功能：how much 用于询问物品的价格，后接 be 动词，be 动词的单复数由物品的单复数决定。 2.核心结构（单元专属，必背） 询问单数物品价格：How much + is + 单数物品？ 单元例句：How much is it?（它多少钱？）/ How much is the toy bus?（这辆玩具巴士多少钱？） 询问复数物品价格：How much + are + 复数物品？ 单元例句：How much are they?（它们多少钱？）/ How much are the trousers?（这条裤子多少钱？） 3.答句规则（单元固定应答） 单数物品答句：It's + 价格.（It's fifty-eight yuan.） 复数物品答句：They're + 价格.（They're forty yuan.） 易错点提示 be 动词单复数错误：错误 How much is they? → 正确 How much are they?（复数物品用 are）； 混淆 how much 与 how many：how much 用于询问价格或不可数名词数量，how many 用于询问可数名词数量，不可说 “How many is the pen?”； 价格表达错误：yuan 无复数，不可说 “It's fifty yuans.”，正确应为 “It's fifty yuan.”。 小练笔 单项选择 ( ) 1. —______ is the toy car? —It's forty yuan. A. How many B. How much C. What ( ) 2. —______ are the trousers? —They're fifty-eight yuan. A. How much B. How many C. What ( ) 3. —How much is the dress? —______ A. They're three hundred yuan. B. It's three hundred yuan. C. Yes, it is. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. How much ______ (be) the toy bus? 2. How much ______ (be) the shoes? 3. —How much is the hat? —______ (it) is forty yuan. 点拨 单项选择 1. B 询问单数物品价格用 How much is...?，答句 It's forty yuan. 也匹配此句型，how much 专用于价格询问。 2. A 询问复数物品价格用 How much are...?，答句 They're fifty-eight yuan. 也匹配此句型，trousers 是复数名词。 3. B 单数物品 the dress 的答句用 It's...，A 选项用于复数物品，C 选项是对一般疑问句的应答，不匹配。 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. is 单数物品 the toy bus 搭配 be 动词 is，符合单元价格询问句型。 2. are 复数物品 the shoes 搭配 be 动词 are，符合单元价格询问句型。 3. It 答句中用 it 指代单数物品 the hat，首字母大写，符合单元价格答句规则。 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. ______ (would) you like a toy bus? 2. I ______ (not would) like a red schoolbag. 3. ______ (can) I help you? Yes, I'd like a dress. 4. ______ (do) you have blue shoes? No, we ______ (not do). 5. How much ______ (be) the toy car? It ______ (be) forty yuan. 6. How much ______ (be) the trousers? They ______ (be) fifty-eight yuan. 7. She ______ (like) the blue dress. 8. My mother ______ (buy) a skirt for me yesterday. 9. They ______ (visit) the shop last Sunday. 10. There ______ (be) a lot of clothes in the store just now. 二、单项选择 ( )1. —______ you like a toy car? —Yes, please. A. Do B. Would C. Can ( )2. —______ I try on this coat? —Sure, please. A. Can B. Do C. Would ( )3. —______ is the hat? —It's forty yuan. A. How many B. How much C. What ( )4. —Do you have a blue schoolbag? —______ A. Yes, please. B. No, thanks. C. No, we don't. ( )5. —Would you like a birthday cake? —______ A. Yes, I would. B. No, I wouldn't. C. Yes, please. ( )6. How much ______ the shoes? A. is B. are C. am ( )7. —Can I help you? —______ A. Yes, I'd like a toy bus. B. Yes, I can. C. No, I don't. ( )8. She ______ like a red dress. A. would B. wants C. is ( )9. —How much are the trousers? —______ A. It's fifty-eight yuan. B. They're fifty-eight yuan. C. Yes, they are. ( )10. He ______ a toy car for his brother yesterday. A. buy B. buys C. bought 三、改错（每句一处错误） 1. Would you like a toy car? Yes, I would. ____________________________________________ 2. Can I tries on this dress? ____________________________________________ 3. How much is the shoes? ____________________________________________ 4. Do she have a blue schoolbag? ____________________________________________ 5. I want to a toy bus. ____________________________________________ 6. How many is the toy car? ____________________________________________ 7. She wouldn't likes the red hat. ____________________________________________ 8. There was some books in the shop just now. ____________________________________________ 四、补全对话 A: Hello! Can I help you? B: Yes, I'd ______ 1 ______ a toy bus. A: What about this one? It looks cool. B: ______ 2 ______ is it? A: It's forty yuan. B: It's nice. I'll take it. Do you ______ 3 ______ blue schoolbags? A: Yes, we do. This way, please. B: Do you ______ 4 ______ this bag? A: It's OK, but do you have a blue one? A: Sorry, we ______ 5 ______ have blue schoolbags. B: That's OK. ______ 6 ______ you like a toy car? A: Yes, ______ 7 ______ ______ 8 ______. B: I want to buy it for my brother. He ______ 9 ______ toy cars very much. A: Here you are. B: Thank you! A: You're ______ 10 ______. 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.Would 2. wouldn't 3. Can 4. Do; don't 5. is; is 6. are; are 7. likes 8. bought 9. visited 10. were 详细解析： 1. Would 一般疑问句将 would 提前，首字母大写，符合单元请求句型结构。 2. wouldn't would not 的缩写形式，用于否定句，表达 “不想要”，贴合购物场景需求。 3. Can 店员主动询问帮助的核心句型 Can I help you?，是单元交际高频句。 4. Do; don't 主语 you 搭配助动词 do，否定回答用 don't，符合 “询问是否有某物” 的句型规则。 5. is; is 单数物品 the toy car 搭配 be 动词 is，答句需保持主谓一致，符合价格询问的语法逻辑。 6. are; are 复数物品 the trousers 搭配 be 动词 are，遵循 “复数主语用 are” 的主谓一致规则。 7. likes 主语 she 是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词 like 变三单形式 likes，符合单元一般现在时用法。 8. bought 时间标志 yesterday 提示一般过去时，buy 的不规则过去式为 bought，是单元重点不规则动词变化。 9. visited 时间标志 last Sunday 提示一般过去时，visit 的规则过去式为 visited（直接加 ed），符合动词过去式变化规则。 10. were 时间标志 just now 提示一般过去时，a lot of clothes 是复数，there be 句型中复数主语用 were，遵循就近原则。 二、单项选择 1.B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C 详细解析： 1. B Would you like...? 是单元礼貌询问需求的核心句型，答句 Yes, please. 是固定应答，匹配度最高。 2. A 询问 “能否试穿” 用 Can I...?，符合购物场景中请求许可的语法功能，答句 Sure, please. 是固定回应。 3. B 询问物品价格专属疑问词是 how much，how many 用于询问可数名词数量，what 用于询问事物，故选 B。 4. C Do you have...? 的否定回答固定为 No, we don't.，A、B 选项分别是 Would you like...? 的应答，不匹配句型。 5. C Would you like...? 的肯定应答固定为 Yes, please.，A、B 选项不符合交际习惯，是单元易错题点。 6. B 复数主语 the shoes 搭配 be 动词 are，主谓一致是单元基础语法点，避免混淆单复数搭配。 7. A Can I help you? 的肯定回答需明确表达需求，Yes, I'd like... 是单元标准应答方式，贴合购物场景。 8. A would like 后直接接名词，符合 “表达想要某物” 的句型结构；want 后接名词无需 to，此处若用 want 需改为 wants，故选 A。 9. B 复数物品 the trousers 的价格答句用 They're...，A 选项用于单数物品，C 选项是一般疑问句应答，不匹配。 10. C 时间标志 yesterday 提示一般过去时，buy 的过去式为 bought，符合单元一般过去时的动词用法。 三、改错 1. Yes, I would.→Yes, please. 【解析】Would you like...? 的肯定应答固定为 Yes, please.，不可用 Yes, I would.，是单元交际句型易错题点。 2. tries→try 【解析】情态动词 can 后接动词原形，tries 是三单形式，违反 “情态动词 + 动词原形” 的语法规则。 3. is→are 【解析】复数物品 the shoes 搭配 be 动词 are，原句主谓不一致，是单元主谓一致易错题。 4. Do→Does 【解析】主语 she 是第三人称单数，一般疑问句需用助动词 does，原句助动词搭配错误。 5. 删去 to 【解析】want 后接名词时直接加名词，无需加 to，to 用于 want to do sth. 结构，原句多介词错误。 6. many→much 【解析】询问价格用 how much，how many 用于询问可数名词数量，原句疑问词使用错误，是单元高频易混点。 7. likes→like 【解析】wouldn't 是情态动词否定形式，后接动词原形，likes 是三单形式，违反 “情态动词 + 动词原形” 规则。 8. was→were 【解析】时间标志 just now 提示一般过去时，some books 是复数，there be 句型中复数主语用 were，原句主谓不一致。 四、补全对话 1.like 2. How much 3. have 4. like 5. don't 6. Would 7. please 8. thanks 9. likes 10. welcome 详细解析： 1. like I'd like... 是单元表达 “想要某物” 的核心短语，固定搭配无变形，贴合购物场景需求表达。 2. How much 结合答句 It's forty yuan. 可知此处询问价格，用 how much，是单元价格询问的自然衔接。 3. have Do you have...? 是单元询问 “是否有某物” 的核心句型，符合购物中询问商品库存的场景。 4. like Do you like...? 是单元询问 “是否喜欢某物” 的交际句型，衔接上下文对书包的评价，逻辑连贯。 5. don't 前文回应 “No”，此处用 don't 构成否定句，符合 “没有蓝色书包” 的语义，语法结构正确。 6. Would Would you like...? 是单元礼貌推荐商品的句型，贴合店员主动推荐的购物场景。 7. please 8. thanks Yes, please. 是 Would you like...? 的固定肯定应答，符合单元交际礼仪。 8. likes 主语 he 是三单，动词 like 变三单形式 likes，表达 “他非常喜欢玩具车”，语义通顺且符合语法规则。 9. welcome You're welcome. 是感谢的固定应答，是单元交际基础句型，符合购物场景的礼貌收尾。 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $