Unit 8 Once upon 知识点讲解与练习 2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级下册

Unit8 Once upon a Time知识点讲解与练习七年级下册英语新人教版 1、 必背知识点 1. =long ago 从前，很久以前 3. 承诺做某事 5. 许诺 7. 撒谎 9. 假装…… 11. 决定做某事 13. 因…赞美某人 15. 害怕做某事 17. 起初，最初 19. 朝某人大吼大叫 21. 看着… 23. 看起来像 25. 讲实话 27. 嘲笑某人 29. 赚钱 31. 通过做某事，表示方式方法 33.give sb sth= 给某人某物 35. 离开 37. 和某人呆在一起 39. 令某人惊奇的是 41. 与....相似 43. 死于... 45. 为某人准备某物 47. 释放 49. 成功地做某事 51. 而不是；代替；+介词短语； instead代替；反而；副词；+句子 2. 咬穿（从中间咬过去） 4.promise sb sth= 承诺某人某事 6. 向某人撒谎 8. 假装做某事 10. 做一个决定去做某事 12.show sb sth= 向某人展示某物 14. 害怕某物 16. 害怕/恐怕… 18. 最后 20. 向某人大声喊叫 22. 往下看 24. =each other 互相 26.start/ /to do sth 开始做某事 28. 对某人微笑 30.a lot of =lots of +可数/不可数名词 许多 32. 讨厌做某事=hate doing sth 34. 到处 36. 寻找 38. 和某人住在一起 40. 与...不同 42. 出现，花盛开 44. 准备做某事 46. 一组/一套+可数名词复数/不可数名词 48. 富含... 50. 撒谎lie—lied—lying 位于/躺下 下蛋lay—laid—laying 52. +（主谓） 感叹句 what+不可数名词/复数名词+（主谓） +（主谓） bite v./n.咬/一口—过去式：bit meet遇见—过去式met see 看见—过去式：saw come 来––过去式：came catch 抓住––过去式：caught say 说––过去式：said break 打破/折断 ––过去式：broke begin ––过去式：began hunter n.猎人––hunt v.打猎––过去式：hunted promise v./n.承诺––promisee n.受允诺人––promisor n.承诺者––过去式：promised neighbor n.邻居––neighborhood n.社区/四邻 wise adj.明智的––wiseness n.聪明––wisely adv.高明地 silly adj.愚蠢的––silliness n.愚笨––sillily adv.糊涂地 official n./adj.官员/官方的––officially adv.正式地––officer n.军官––office n.办公室/局/厅 decide v.决定––decision n.抉择––decisive adj.果断的 praise v./n.赞扬/赞美––praiseful adj.赞不绝口的––过去式：praised––dispraise v.批评 afraid adj.害怕的–afraidly adv.恐惧的––unafraid adj.无畏的 suddenly adv.突然地––sudden adj.意外的––suddenness n.意外 truth n.真相––true adj.真的––truely adv.真实地––untrue adj.假的 hate v讨厌—hateful adj.厌烦的 artist n.艺术家—art n.艺术—artistic adj. king n.国王/君主—kingdom n.王国 quickly adv.快速地—quick adj.快速的 paint v.绘画—painting n.画—过去式：painted ugly adj.丑陋的—ugliness n.丑陋之物 real adj.实际存在的—really adv.事实上—reality n.现实—realistic adj务实的 duck鸭子+ling=duckling 小鸭子 hopefully adv.有希望地—hopeful adj.有希望的—hope v./n.希望—hopeless adj.无望的 fish+er+man=fisherman 渔夫—fishing n.钓鱼 die v.死—death n.死亡—dead adj.死的—dying adj.垂死的 rich adj.富有的—richly adv.富丽堂皇的—richness n.丰富/富裕 powerful adj.强大的—power n.力量/权力—powerless adj.无能力的 succeed v.成功—success n.成功—successful adj.成功的—successfully adv.成功地 2、 知识点讲解 1.Once upon a time.曾经 【解析】once upon a time=long ago 从前，很久以前，放在句首要用逗号隔开。 upon =on 在﹉上面 比on更正式，on比较口语化 2.The mouse bit through the net，and the lion got out.那只老鼠咬破了网，然后那只狮子逃跑了。 【解析】bite v./n.咬/一口 过去式：bit bite through 咬穿（从中间咬过去） 3.The hunter caught the lion.猎人抓住了狮子。 【解析】hunter n.猎人––hunt v.打猎––过去式：hunted catch 抓住––过去式：caught 4.The mouse promised to help the lion.老鼠承诺帮助狮子。 【解析】promise v./n.承诺––promisee n.受允诺人––promisor n.承诺者––过去式：promised promise (not)to do sth承诺做某事 promise sb sth=promise sth to sb 承诺某人某事 make a promise 许诺 【牛刀小试】 1. He promises ______ (help) me with my English. ​ 2. She promised ______ (I) a new book. 3. They made a _____ (promise) to come on time. ​ 4. My mother promised a bike _____ me. ​ 5.  Don’t promise ______ (do) things you can’t finish. 5.The farmer's son broke his leg after the horse came back with seven other horses.农夫的儿子在那匹马带着另外七匹马回来后摔断了腿。 【解析】break 打破/折断 ––过去式：broke come 来––过去式：came other +名词复数 表示同类的其它…东西 6.The farmer's neighbor thinks the farmer is wise.农民的邻居认为他是明智的。 【解析】neighbor n.邻居––neighborhood n.社区/四邻 wise adj.明智的––wiseness n.聪明––wisely adv.高明地 反义： silly adj.愚蠢的––silliness n.愚笨––sillily adv.糊涂地 【小试牛刀】 1. He is a ________ man. He never makes mistakes easily. ​ 2. We should use our time ________. ​ 3. Her _____ helps her solve many problems. 4. It’s ________ to listen to your parents’ advice. ​ 5. He acts _______ when he meets difficult things. 7.Two brothers came and lied to the emperor.两兄弟前来对皇帝撒谎。 【解析】lie to sb 向某人撒谎 tell a lie 撒谎 lie的意思辨析 lie 撒谎 lied 过去式 lying 正在进行 lie 躺/位于 lay 过去式 lying 正在进行 lay 下蛋 laid 过去式 laying 正在进行 【小试牛刀】 1. He often ______ (lie) to his parents. 2. Look! The cat ______ (lie) on the sofa now. ​ 3. Last night, I ______ (lie) in bed and read a book. ​ 4. The hen ______ (lay) an egg yesterday morning. ​ 5. The library ______ (lie) in the center of our school. 8.They pretended to make the clothes.他们假装在制作这些衣服 【解析】pretend (not)to do sth 假装做某事 pretend that 假装…… 【小试牛刀】 1. He pretends ________ (read) English every morning. 2. She ________to hear what I said yesterday. ​3. They pretended ________ they were busy. ​4. Tom pretended ________ (sleep) when his mom came in. 9.The emperor's officials couldn't see the clothes. But they said,"what lovely clothes!＂皇帝的侍从们看不到那些衣服，但他们却说道：“多么漂亮的衣服啊！” 【解析】official n./adj.官员/官方的––officially adv.正式地––officer n.军官––office n.办公室/局/厅 say 说––过去式：said what/how引导的感叹句用法 what+a/an+可数名词+（主谓） what+不可数名词/复数名词+（主谓） What a wise boy he is！ What nice weather it is！ how+形容词/副词+（主谓） How silly the man is！ 10.The emperor decided to show everyone his new clothes.皇帝决定让所有人看看他的新衣服。 【解析】decide v.决定––decision n.抉择––decisive adj.果断的 decide (not)to do sth 决定做某事 =make a decision to do sth 做一个决定去做某事 show sb sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 11.People in the street praised them at first. They were afraid to look silly too!起初街上的人们都称赞他们。他们也生怕显得太傻气了。 【解析】praise v./n.赞扬/赞美––praiseful adj.赞不绝口的––过去式：praised––dispraise v.批评 afraid adj.害怕的–afraidly adv.恐惧的––unafraid adj.无畏的 praise sb(for doing sth)因…赞美某人 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid that 害怕/恐怕… at first 起初，最初 反义短语：at/in the end 最后 12.Suddenly, a boy shouted，“look！The emperor has no clothes！”突然，一个男孩喊道：“看！皇帝没穿衣服！” 【解析】suddenly adv.突然地––sudden adj.意外的––suddenness n.意外 suddenly 放在句首用逗号隔开，放在句末句中不用标点符号 shout at sb 朝某人大吼大叫，侧重不满生气 shout to sb 向某人大声喊叫，侧重距离远，声音大方便听见，不带感情色彩 13.Everyone looked at one another.They started laughing.大家都面面相觑。接着都笑了起来。 【解析】look at 看着… look down 往下看 look like 看起来像 one another =each other 互相 start/begin doing sth 开始做某事=start/begin to do sth start––过去式：started begin ––过去式：began 14.They began laughing when a boy told the truth.当一个男孩说出真相时，他们开始大笑起来。 【解析】truth n.真相––true adj.真的––truely adv.真实地––untrue adj.假的 tell the truth 讲实话 laugh at sb 嘲笑某人 smile at sb 对某人微笑 15.We can make a lot of money by lying to the emperor.我们可以通过欺骗皇帝而赚得大量钱财。 【解析】make money 赚钱 a lot of =lots of +可数名词复数/不可数名词 许多 by doing sth 通过做某事，表示方式方法 【小试牛刀】 1.He learns English by ______ (read) English stories.​ 2. We can get there by ______ (take) the bus.​ 3. She makes money by ______ (sell) flowers.​ 4.  He goes to school early ______ (get) good grades. 5. I improve my Chinese by _____ (write) diaries. 6.We read English every day ______ (improve) our English. 7. They get up early ______ (catch) the early bus. 16.I hate to be different.我讨厌与别人不一样。 【解析】hate v讨厌—hateful adj.厌烦的 hate to do sth讨厌做某事=hate doing sth 17.Once upon a time, a king asked an artist to paint him a horse.从前，一个国王让一位画家给他画一匹马。 【解析】artist n.艺术家—art n.艺术—artistic adj. king n.国王/君主—kingdom n.王国 【拓展】后缀-ist常用于构成名词，更偏向艺术类的词或者权威专家后缀词 piano钢琴—pianist钢琴家 violin小提琴—violinist 小提琴手 guitar吉它—guitarist 吉它手 science 科学—scientist 科学家 后缀-er常用于日常职业称呼 farm农场—farmer 农民 drive 开车—driver 司机 teach教育—teacher 老师 work 工作—worker 工人 18."Please give me some time,"the artist answered.“请给我一些时间，”画家回答。 【解析】give sb sth=give sth to sb给某人某物 some time, sometime, some times 和sometimes的区别 　 一些时间some time Please give me some time.请再给我一些时间。 某个时候/抽空sometime I will go to Chongqing sometime next week.下周我会抽空去重庆 几次some times I read the story some times.这本书我读过几次。 有时sometimes Sometimes I get up very late.有时我起床起得很晚。 巧计：time做时间时，不可数不用加s；time 做次数时，可数，要加s 19.Quickly, the artist painted a beautiful picture of a horse.很快，画家画了一张漂亮的马的画。 【解析】quickly adv.快速地—quick adj.快速的 20.There were paintings of horses all over! 到处都是马的画！ 【解析】paint v.绘画—painting n.画—过去式：painted all over 到处 21.Is the ugly duckling a real duck? 这只丑小鸭是一只真正的鸭子吗？ 【解析】ugly adj.丑陋的—ugliness n.丑陋之物 real adj.实际存在的—really adv.事实上—reality n.现实—realistic adj务实的 duck鸭子+ling=duckling 小鸭子 22.The other ducklings told him to go away，so he decided to search for a new home.其它的鸭子让它离开，所以它决定去寻找一个新家。 【解析】the other ducklings =the others 表示在已知总数下的特定的另外一些小鸭子，所以要用the。 go away 离开 search for 寻找 23.One day，the duckling met a cat and a hen.“May I stay with you？”he asked hopefully.有一天，这只小鸭子遇见了一只猫和母鸡。它满怀希望地问：我能和你们呆在一起吗？ 【解析】hopefully adv.有希望地—hopeful adj.有希望的—hope v./n.希望—hopeless adj.无望的 stay with sb 和某人呆在一起 live with sb 和某人住在一起 meet遇见—过去式met 24.To his surprise，he saw that he was a beautiful white swan with feathers too！令它吃惊的是，它看见它也是一只带有白色羽毛的天鹅。 【解析】to one's surprise 令某人惊奇的是 see 看见—过去式：saw 25.How was the ugly duckling different from the other ducklings in size and colour？丑小鸭在外形和颜色上与其它的小鸭子有什么不同？ 【解析】be different from 与...不同 be similar to 与....相似 26.You are welcome here only if you can purr or lay eggs.只有你能发出呼噜声或者下蛋你才会被欢迎来到这里 【解析】only if 只要/只有引导条件状语从句。 purr v.发出呼噜声 【小试牛刀】 只要你有时间，我们就去图书馆。 We can go to the library only if you have time. 只要你遵守规则，你就能呆在这里。 You can stay here only if you follow the rules. 27.When the fisherman opened it，a great cloud came out and become a genie！当渔夫打开它的时候，一团巨大的云雾飘了出来，化作了一个妖怪。 【解析】fish+er+man=fisherman 渔夫—fishing n.钓鱼 come out出现，花盛开 28."Prepare to die!”shouted the genie."准备去死吧！”妖怪大喊道。 【解析】die v.死—death n.死亡—dead adj.死的—dying adj.垂死的 die of 死于... prepare to do sth 准备做某事 prepare sth for sb 为某人准备某物 29.If someone set me free, I would make them rich and powerful.如果有人释放我，我会让他们富有和强大。 【解析】rich adj.富有的—richly adv.富丽堂皇的—richness n.丰富/富裕 powerful adj.强大的—power n.力量/权力—powerless adj.无能力的 set...free 释放 a set of 一组/一套+可数名词复数/不可数名词 be rich in 富含... some+one=someone=somebody 某人 复合词做主语时谓语动词用单数，通常放在形容词前面：复合词+adj./adv.； 除开本意用法，还有与some/any相同的用法 以some-开头的用在肯定句/委婉语句中； 以any-开头的用于一般疑问句和否定句中。 any+one=anyone=anybody 任何人 some+thing=something 某事 any+thing=anything 任何事 用 someone / anyone / anything 填空： 1. There isn’t __________ wrong with the bike. ​ 2. Is there __________ in the room? 3. She doesn’t know __________ about it. 4.  Can _________ help me? 30.I would kill them instead of giving them anything.我宁愿杀了他们也不给他们任何东西。 【解析】instead of与instead区别 instead of而不是；代替；介词短语；后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 instead代替；反而；副词；置于句首要用逗号隔开或置于句末。 31.Would the fisherman succeed in saving himself?渔夫会成功地救自己吗？ 【解析】succeed v.成功—success n.成功—successful adj.成功的—successfully adv.成功地 succeed in doing sth成功地做某事 himself〔反身代词〕他自己；他本人反身代词常在句中作宾语，与逻辑主语在人称和数上保持一致。 他him 她her 它it 他们them 他自己himself 她自己herself 它自己itself 他们自己themselves 【小试牛刀】 1. I help ______ (he). ​ 2. She can do it by ______ (she). ​ 3.Please give the book to ______ (they). ​ 4. They enjoyed ______ (they) at the party. 课后练习 一、根据提示词填空 1. Once u______ a time, there was a poor fisherman. 2. He promised n_____ to tell the secret to anyone. 3. You should make a p___before you do it. 4. It’s not right to tell a l______. 5. He （pretend）that he was sleeping. 6. She （decide） help the poor boy. 7. The teacher praised him f____ his good homework. 8. Don’t be （afraid）speak in class. 9. A____ first, I didn’t like English. 10.  Don’t （shout） at your parents. It’s impolite. 11. Look a____ the blackboard carefully. 12. You l____ like your father very much. 13. We must always tell the （true）. 14. It’s not polite （laugh）at others. 15. He works hard to m ____ money for his family. 16. He learns English _____ （通过）listening to English songs. 17. Please g_____ me a piece of paper. 18. The bad man went ____ （离开）quickly. 19. I like （stay）with my grandparents. 20. T______ my surprise, he won the game. 21. Your bag is __ （相同）to mine. 22. His grandfather died ___ ___（死于） a heart disease. 二、单项选择（共30题） （ ）1. Once upon a time, there ______ a beautiful princess. A. is B. was C. were D. are （ ）2. He promised ______ late for school again. A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. don’t be （ ）3. You should make ______ before you do anything important. A. promise B. a promise C. promises D. promising （ ）4. It’s wrong ______ a lie to your parents. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told （ ）5. He pretended ______ when his mother came in. A. sleep B. sleeping C. to sleep D. slept （ ）6. We decided ______ a picnic this weekend. A. have B. having C. to have D. had （ ）7. The teacher praised him ______ his honesty. A. for B. to C. at D. with （ ）8. She is afraid ______ out at night. A. go B. to go C. going D. went （ ）9. ______ first, I knew nothing about the story. A. At B. In C. On D. For （ ）10. Don’t shout ______ the old man. Be polite. A. at B. to C. for D. with （ ）11. Look! The birds in the sky. A.are fly B. flying C.flied D. are flying （ ）12. You look ______ your mother very much. A. at B. for C. like D. after （ ）13. We should help ______ in our class. A. each other B. one other C. each one D. other each （ ）14. It’s not good ______ at others when they make mistakes. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed （ ）15. He started ______ English when he was five. A. learn B. learning C. learned D. learns （ ）16. He works hard ______ money for his family. A. make B. making C. to make D. made （ ）17. I learn French ______ watching French movies. A. by B. with C. in D. on （ ）18. Please give ______ a cup of tea. A. I B. me C. my D. mine （ ）19. The little boy didn’t want to go ______. A. away B. out C. in D. up （ ）20. ______ his surprise, the girl remembered him. A. To B. In C. At D. For （ ）21. His bike is different ______ mine. A. to B. from C. with D. at （ ）22. Your idea is similar ______ mine. A. to B. with C. at D. for （ ）23. Many people in the old days died ______ hunger. A. of B. from C. for D. with （ ）24. My mother is preparing dinner ______ us. A. to B. for C. at D. with （ ）25. They decided ______ the little bird free. A. set B. to set C. setting D. sets （ ）26. He succeeded ______ the exam finally. A. pass B. to pass C. in passing D. passing （ ）27. I will go to Beijing ______ of Shanghai this holiday. A. instead B. instead of C. but D. so （ ）28. The snake ______ the boy’s foot yesterday. A. bite B. bit C. bites D. bitten （ ）29. He ______ to sleep on the sofa just now. A. lie B. lay C. laid D. lies （ ）30. The hen ______ an egg yesterday morning. A. lay B. laid C. lie D. layed 三、完成句子 1. He saw a bird in the tree.（改为一般疑问句） ______ he ______ a bird in the tree? 2. She went to the park yesterday.（改为否定句） She ______ ______ to the park yesterday. 3. They played football after school.（划线提问） ______ ______ they play football? 4. He is good at English.（同义句） He ______ ______ in English. 5. 从前，有一个聪明的国王。 ______ upon a time, there ______ a wise king. 6. 别害怕在公共场合说话。 Don’t be ______ ______ speak in public. 7. 他成功通过了考试。 He succeeded ______ ______ the exam. 8. 这个故事和那个故事不同。 This story is ______ ______ that one. 9. 她向我展示了她的新照片。 She _____ me her new ______. 10. 我们应该互相帮助。 We should help ______ ______. 四、完形填空 Once upon a time, there was a poor fisherman. He 1 by the sea. Every day, he went fishing to 2 money. One day, he caught a golden fish. The fish said, “Please set me 3 . I can give you 4 you want.” The fisherman was very kind. He set the fish free 5 thinking. His wife was angry. She asked the fisherman to get a new house from the fish. The fisherman went to the sea. 6 his surprise, the fish gave him a big house. But the wife still wanted more. She wanted to be a 7 lady. The fisherman had to go to the sea again. The fish was not happy this time. It 8 , “You are too greedy.” Then everything 9 back to the beginning.The fisherman and his wife had to live a poor life again. We should not be greedy. We should 10 happy for what we have. （ ）1.A. live B. lives C. lived D. living （ ）2. A. make B. do C. have D. get​ （ ）3. A. out B. free C. off D. up​ （ ）4.A.something B.someone C.anyone D.anything （ ）5. A. with B. without C. for D. at​ （ ）6. A. To B. In C. At D. For​ （ ）7.A.poor B.richness C.rich D.poorness （ ）8.say B.says C.said D.saying （ ）9. A. went B. go C. goes D. go to​ （ ）10. A. is B. was C. are D.be 五、阅读理解 Once upon a time, there was a wise farmer. He had three sons. They were lazy and didn’t like to work.One day, the farmer was ill. He called his sons and said, “There is a lot of gold in my field. If you work hard, you can find it.”After the farmer died, the three sons began to dig the field. They dug and dug, but they found no gold. They were very sad. But the field became very soft. They planted some rice in it. Soon the rice grew well. They got much rice and sold it. They made a lot of money.At last, they knew what their father meant. The real “gold” was hard work. （ ）1. How many sons did the farmer have? A.Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.​ （ ）2. What did the father say in the field? A.Rice. B. Gold. C. Money. D. Trees.​ （ ）3. What did the sons do in the field? A.They dug the field. B. They planted trees. C. They built a house. D. They played games.​ （ ）4. What did they get from the field at last? A.Gold. B. Much rice. C. Nothing. D. Some flowers.​ （ ）5.What was the real gold? A. Money. B. The field. C. Hard work. D. Rice. 第 1 页 共 12 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit8 Once upon a Time知识点讲解与练习七年级下册英语新人教版 1、 必背知识点 1.once upon a time=long ago 从前，很久以前 3.promise (not)to do sth承诺做某事 5.make a promise 许诺 7.tell a lie 撒谎 9.pretend that 假装…… 11.decide (not)to do sth 决定做某事 13.praise sb(for doing sth)因…赞美某人 15.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 17.at first 起初，最初 19.shout at sb 朝某人大吼大叫 21.look at 看着… 23. look like 看起来像 25.tell the truth 讲实话 27.laugh at sb 嘲笑某人 29.make money 赚钱 31.by doing sth 通过做某事，表示方式方法 33.give sb sth=give sth to sb给某人某物 35. go away 离开 37.stay with sb 和某人呆在一起 39.to one's surprise 令某人惊奇的是 41.be similar to 与....相似 43.die of 死于... 45.prepare sth for sb 为某人准备某物 47.set...free 释放 49. succeed in doing sth成功地做某事 51. instead of而不是；代替；+介词短语； instead代替；反而；副词；+句子 2. bite through 咬穿（从中间咬过去） 4.promise sb sth=promise sth to sb 承诺某人某事 6.lie to sb 向某人撒谎 8.pretend (not)to do sth 假装做某事 10.make a decision to do sth 做一个决定去做某事 12.show sb sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 14.be afraid of sth 害怕某物 16.be afraid that 害怕/恐怕… 18. in/at the end 最后 20.shout to sb 向某人大声喊叫 22. look down 往下看 24.one another =each other 互相 26.start/begin doing sth/to do sth 开始做某事 28.smile at sb 对某人微笑 30.a lot of =lots of +可数/不可数名词 许多 32.hate to do sth讨厌做某事=hate doing sth 34.all over 到处 36.search for 寻找 38. live with sb 和某人住在一起 40.be different from 与...不同 42. come out出现，花盛开 44.prepare to do sth 准备做某事 46.a set of 一组/一套+可数名词复数/不可数名词 48.be rich in 富含... 50. 撒谎lie—lied—lying 位于/躺下lie—lay—lying 下蛋lay—laid—laying 52. what+a/an+可数名词+（主谓） 感叹句 what+不可数名词/复数名词+（主谓） how+形容词/副词+（主谓） bite v./n.咬/一口—过去式：bit meet遇见—过去式met see 看见—过去式：saw come 来––过去式：came catch 抓住––过去式：caught say 说––过去式：said break 打破/折断 ––过去式：broke begin ––过去式：began hunter n.猎人––hunt v.打猎––过去式：hunted promise v./n.承诺––promisee n.受允诺人––promisor n.承诺者––过去式：promised neighbor n.邻居––neighborhood n.社区/四邻 wise adj.明智的––wiseness n.聪明––wisely adv.高明地 silly adj.愚蠢的––silliness n.愚笨––sillily adv.糊涂地 official n./adj.官员/官方的––officially adv.正式地––officer n.军官––office n.办公室/局/厅 decide v.决定––decision n.抉择––decisive adj.果断的 praise v./n.赞扬/赞美––praiseful adj.赞不绝口的––过去式：praised––dispraise v.批评 afraid adj.害怕的–afraidly adv.恐惧的––unafraid adj.无畏的 suddenly adv.突然地––sudden adj.意外的––suddenness n.意外 truth n.真相––true adj.真的––truely adv.真实地––untrue adj.假的 hate v讨厌—hateful adj.厌烦的 artist n.艺术家—art n.艺术—artistic adj. king n.国王/君主—kingdom n.王国 quickly adv.快速地—quick adj.快速的 paint v.绘画—painting n.画—过去式：painted ugly adj.丑陋的—ugliness n.丑陋之物 real adj.实际存在的—really adv.事实上—reality n.现实—realistic adj务实的 duck鸭子+ling=duckling 小鸭子 hopefully adv.有希望地—hopeful adj.有希望的—hope v./n.希望—hopeless adj.无望的 fish+er+man=fisherman 渔夫—fishing n.钓鱼 die v.死—death n.死亡—dead adj.死的—dying adj.垂死的 rich adj.富有的—richly adv.富丽堂皇的—richness n.丰富/富裕 powerful adj.强大的—power n.力量/权力—powerless adj.无能力的 succeed v.成功—success n.成功—successful adj.成功的—successfully adv.成功地 2、 知识点讲解 1.Once upon a time.曾经 【解析】once upon a time=long ago 从前，很久以前，放在句首要用逗号隔开。 upon =on 在﹉上面 比on更正式，on比较口语化 2.The mouse bit through the net，and the lion got out.那只老鼠咬破了网，然后那只狮子逃跑了。 【解析】bite v./n.咬/一口 过去式：bit bite through 咬穿（从中间咬过去） 3.The hunter caught the lion.猎人抓住了狮子。 【解析】hunter n.猎人––hunt v.打猎––过去式：hunted catch 抓住––过去式：caught 4.The mouse promised to help the lion.老鼠承诺帮助狮子。 【解析】promise v./n.承诺––promisee n.受允诺人––promisor n.承诺者––过去式：promised promise (not)to do sth承诺做某事 promise sb sth=promise sth to sb 承诺某人某事 make a promise 许诺 【牛刀小试】 1. He promises ___to help___ (help) me with my English. ​ 2. She promised ____me__ (I) a new book. 3. They made a ___promise___ (promise) to come on time. ​ 4. My mother promised a bike ___to___ me. ​ 5.  Don’t promise ____to do__ (do) things you can’t finish. 5.The farmer's son broke his leg after the horse came back with seven other horses.农夫的儿子在那匹马带着另外七匹马回来后摔断了腿。 【解析】break 打破/折断 ––过去式：broke come 来––过去式：came other +名词复数 表示同类的其它…东西 6.The farmer's neighbor thinks the farmer is wise.农民的邻居认为他是明智的。 【解析】neighbor n.邻居––neighborhood n.社区/四邻 wise adj.明智的––wiseness n.聪明––wisely adv.高明地 反义： silly adj.愚蠢的––silliness n.愚笨––sillily adv.糊涂地 【小试牛刀】 1. He is a ___wise_____ man. He never makes mistakes easily. ​ 2. We should use our time ___wisely_____. ​ 3. Her __wiseness______ helps her solve many problems. 4. It’s ___wise_____ to listen to your parents’ advice. ​ 5. He acts __wisely______ when he meets difficult things. 7.Two brothers came and lied to the emperor.两兄弟前来对皇帝撒谎。 【解析】lie to sb 向某人撒谎 tell a lie 撒谎 lie的意思辨析 lie 撒谎 lied 过去式 lying 正在进行 lie 躺/位于 lay 过去式 lying 正在进行 lay 下蛋 laid 过去式 laying 正在进行 【小试牛刀】 1. He often ___lies___ (lie) to his parents. 2. Look! The cat __is lying____ (lie) on the sofa now. ​ 3. Last night, I __lay____ (lie) in bed and read a book. ​ 4. The hen _laid_____ (lay) an egg yesterday morning. ​ 5. The library ___lies___ (lie) in the center of our school. 8.They pretended to make the clothes.他们假装在制作这些衣服 【解析】pretend (not)to do sth 假装做某事 pretend that 假装…… 【小试牛刀】 1. He pretends ___to read_____ (read) English every morning. 2. She ___pretended not_____to hear what I said yesterday. ​3. They pretended ___that_____ they were busy. ​4. Tom pretended ____to sleep____ (sleep) when his mom came in. 9.The emperor's officials couldn't see the clothes. But they said,"what lovely clothes!＂皇帝的侍从们看不到那些衣服，但他们却说道：“多么漂亮的衣服啊！” 【解析】official n./adj.官员/官方的––officially adv.正式地––officer n.军官––office n.办公室/局/厅 say 说––过去式：said what/how引导的感叹句用法 what+a/an+可数名词+（主谓） what+不可数名词/复数名词+（主谓） What a wise boy he is！ What nice weather it is！ how+形容词/副词+（主谓） How silly the man is！ 10.The emperor decided to show everyone his new clothes.皇帝决定让所有人看看他的新衣服。 【解析】decide v.决定––decision n.抉择––decisive adj.果断的 decide (not)to do sth 决定做某事 =make a decision to do sth 做一个决定去做某事 show sb sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 11.People in the street praised them at first. They were afraid to look silly too!起初街上的人们都称赞他们。他们也生怕显得太傻气了。 【解析】praise v./n.赞扬/赞美––praiseful adj.赞不绝口的––过去式：praised––dispraise v.批评 afraid adj.害怕的–afraidly adv.恐惧的––unafraid adj.无畏的 praise sb(for doing sth)因…赞美某人 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid that 害怕/恐怕… at first 起初，最初 反义短语：at/in the end 最后 12.Suddenly, a boy shouted，“look！The emperor has no clothes！”突然，一个男孩喊道：“看！皇帝没穿衣服！” 【解析】suddenly adv.突然地––sudden adj.意外的––suddenness n.意外 suddenly 放在句首用逗号隔开，放在句末句中不用标点符号 shout at sb 朝某人大吼大叫，侧重不满生气 shout to sb 向某人大声喊叫，侧重距离远，声音大方便听见，不带感情色彩 13.Everyone looked at one another.They started laughing.大家都面面相觑。接着都笑了起来。 【解析】look at 看着… look down 往下看 look like 看起来像 one another =each other 互相 start/begin doing sth 开始做某事=start/begin to do sth start––过去式：started begin ––过去式：began 14.They began laughing when a boy told the truth.当一个男孩说出真相时，他们开始大笑起来。 【解析】truth n.真相––true adj.真的––truely adv.真实地––untrue adj.假的 tell the truth 讲实话 laugh at sb 嘲笑某人 smile at sb 对某人微笑 15.We can make a lot of money by lying to the emperor.我们可以通过欺骗皇帝而赚得大量钱财。 【解析】make money 赚钱 a lot of =lots of +可数名词复数/不可数名词 许多 by doing sth 通过做某事，表示方式方法 【小试牛刀】 1.He learns English by __reading____ (read) English stories.​ 2. We can get there by ___taking___ (take) the bus.​ 3. She makes money by __selling____ (sell) flowers.​ 4.  He goes to school early __to get____ (get) good grades. 5. I improve my Chinese by __writing____ (write) diaries. 6.We read English every day __to improve____ (improve) our English. 7. They get up early ___to catch___ (catch) the early bus. 16.I hate to be different.我讨厌与别人不一样。 【解析】hate v讨厌—hateful adj.厌烦的 hate to do sth讨厌做某事=hate doing sth 17.Once upon a time, a king asked an artist to paint him a horse.从前，一个国王让一位画家给他画一匹马。 【解析】artist n.艺术家—art n.艺术—artistic adj. king n.国王/君主—kingdom n.王国 【拓展】后缀-ist常用于构成名词，更偏向艺术类的词或者权威专家后缀词 piano钢琴—pianist钢琴家 violin小提琴—violinist 小提琴手 guitar吉它—guitarist 吉它手 science 科学—scientist 科学家 后缀-er常用于日常职业称呼 farm农场—farmer 农民 drive 开车—driver 司机 teach教育—teacher 老师 work 工作—worker 工人 18."Please give me some time,"the artist answered.“请给我一些时间，”画家回答。 【解析】give sb sth=give sth to sb给某人某物 some time, sometime, some times 和sometimes的区别 　　 一些时间some time Please give me some time.请再给我一些时间。 某个时候/抽空sometime I will go to Chongqing sometime next week.下周我会抽空去重庆 几次some times I read the story some times.这本书我读过几次。 有时sometimes Sometimes I get up very late.有时我起床起得很晚。 巧计：time做时间时，不可数不用加s；time 做次数时，可数，要加s 19.Quickly, the artist painted a beautiful picture of a horse.很快，画家画了一张漂亮的马的画。 【解析】quickly adv.快速地—quick adj.快速的 20.There were paintings of horses all over! 到处都是马的画！ 【解析】paint v.绘画—painting n.画—过去式：painted all over 到处 21.Is the ugly duckling a real duck? 这只丑小鸭是一只真正的鸭子吗？ 【解析】ugly adj.丑陋的—ugliness n.丑陋之物 real adj.实际存在的—really adv.事实上—reality n.现实—realistic adj务实的 duck鸭子+ling=duckling 小鸭子 22.The other ducklings told him to go away，so he decided to search for a new home.其它的鸭子让它离开，所以它决定去寻找一个新家。 【解析】the other ducklings =the others 表示在已知总数下的特定的另外一些小鸭子，所以要用the。 go away 离开 search for 寻找 23.One day，the duckling met a cat and a hen.“May I stay with you？”he asked hopefully.有一天，这只小鸭子遇见了一只猫和母鸡。它满怀希望地问：我能和你们呆在一起吗？ 【解析】hopefully adv.有希望地—hopeful adj.有希望的—hope v./n.希望—hopeless adj.无望的 stay with sb 和某人呆在一起 live with sb 和某人住在一起 meet遇见—过去式met 24.To his surprise，he saw that he was a beautiful white swan with feathers too！令它吃惊的是，它看见它也是一只带有白色羽毛的天鹅。 【解析】to one's surprise 令某人惊奇的是 see 看见—过去式：saw 25.How was the ugly duckling different from the other ducklings in size and colour？丑小鸭在外形和颜色上与其它的小鸭子有什么不同？ 【解析】be different from 与...不同 be similar to 与....相似 26.You are welcome here only if you can purr or lay eggs.只有你能发出呼噜声或者下蛋你才会被欢迎来到这里 【解析】only if 只要/只有引导条件状语从句。 purr v.发出呼噜声 【小试牛刀】 只要你有时间，我们就去图书馆。 We can go to the library only if you have time. 只要你遵守规则，你就能呆在这里。 You can stay here only if you follow the rules. 27.When the fisherman opened it，a great cloud came out and become a genie！当渔夫打开它的时候，一团巨大的云雾飘了出来，化作了一个妖怪。 【解析】fish+er+man=fisherman 渔夫—fishing n.钓鱼 come out出现，花盛开 28."Prepare to die!”shouted the genie."准备去死吧！”妖怪大喊道。 【解析】die v.死—death n.死亡—dead adj.死的—dying adj.垂死的 die of 死于... prepare to do sth 准备做某事 prepare sth for sb 为某人准备某物 29.If someone set me free, I would make them rich and powerful.如果有人释放我，我会让他们富有和强大。 【解析】rich adj.富有的—richly adv.富丽堂皇的—richness n.丰富/富裕 powerful adj.强大的—power n.力量/权力—powerless adj.无能力的 set...free 释放 a set of 一组/一套+可数名词复数/不可数名词 be rich in 富含... some+one=someone=somebody 某人 复合词做主语时谓语动词用单数，通常放在形容词前面：复合词+adj./adv.； 除开本意用法，还有与some/any相同的用法 以some-开头的用在肯定句/委婉语句中； 以any-开头的用于一般疑问句和否定句中。 any+one=anyone=anybody 任何人 some+thing=something 某事 any+thing=anything 任何事 用 someone / anyone / anything 填空： 1. There isn’t ____anything______ wrong with the bike. ​ 2. Is there ____anyone______ in the room? 3. She doesn’t know ___anything_______ about it. 4.  Can ___anyone_______ help me? 30.I would kill them instead of giving them anything.我宁愿杀了他们也不给他们任何东西。 【解析】instead of与instead区别 instead of而不是；代替；介词短语；后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 instead代替；反而；副词；置于句首要用逗号隔开或置于句末。 31.Would the fisherman succeed in saving himself?渔夫会成功地救自己吗？ 【解析】succeed v.成功—success n.成功—successful adj.成功的—successfully adv.成功地 succeed in doing sth成功地做某事 himself〔反身代词〕他自己；他本人反身代词常在句中作宾语，与逻辑主语在人称和数上保持一致。 他him 她her 它it 他们them 他自己himself 她自己herself 它自己itself 他们自己themselves 【小试牛刀】 1. I help ____him__ (he). ​ 2. She can do it by __herself____ (she). ​ 3. Please give the book to __them____ (they). ​ 4. They enjoyed __themselves____ (they) at the party. 课后练习 一、根据提示词填空 1. Once upon______ a time, there was a poor fisherman. 2. He promised not_____ to tell the secret to anyone. 3. You should make a promise___before you do it. 4. It’s not right to tell a lie______. 5. He pretended （pretend）that he was sleeping. 6. She decided to （decide） help the poor boy. 7. The teacher praised him for_____ his good homework. 8. Don’t be afraid to （afraid）speak in class. 9. At______ first, I didn’t like English. 10. Don’t shout （shout） at your parents. It’s impolite. 11. Look at____ the blackboard carefully. 12. You look_____ like your father very much. 13. We must always tell the truth （true）. 14. It’s not polite to laugh （laugh）at others. 15. He works hard to make_____ money for his family. 16. He learns English ___by___ （通过）listening to English songs. 17. Please give______ me a piece of paper. 18. The bad man went away____ （离开）quickly. 19. I like to stay_ （stay）with my grandparents. 20. To______ my surprise, he won the game. 21. Your bag is similar___ （相同）to mine. 22. His grandfather died ___of___（死于） a heart disease. 二、单项选择（共30题） （ B ）1. Once upon a time, there ______ a beautiful princess. A. is B. was C. were D. are （ B ）2. He promised ______ late for school again. A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. don’t be （ B ）3. You should make ______ before you do anything important. A. promise B. a promise C. promises D. promising （ B ）4. It’s wrong ______ a lie to your parents. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told （ C ）5. He pretended ______ when his mother came in. A. sleep B. sleeping C. to sleep D. slept （ C ）6. We decided ______ a picnic this weekend. A. have B. having C. to have D. had （ A ）7. The teacher praised him ______ his honesty. A. for B. to C. at D. with （ B ）8. She is afraid ______ out at night. A. go B. to go C. going D. went （ A ）9. ______ first, I knew nothing about the story. A. At B. In C. On D. For （ A ）10. Don’t shout ______ the old man. Be polite. A. at B. to C. for D. with （ D ）11. Look! The birds in the sky. A.are fly B. flying C.flied D. are flying （ C ）12. You look ______ your mother very much. A. at B. for C. like D. after （ A ）13. We should help ______ in our class. A. each other B. one other C. each one D. other each （ B ）14. It’s not good ______ at others when they make mistakes. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed （ B ）15. He started ______ English when he was five. A. learn B. learning C. learned D. learns （ C ）16. He works hard ______ money for his family. A. make B. making C. to make D. made （ A ）17. I learn French ______ watching French movies. A. by B. with C. in D. on （ B ）18. Please give ______ a cup of tea. A. I B. me C. my D. mine （ A ）19. The little boy didn’t want to go ______. A. away B. out C. in D. up （ A ）20. ______ his surprise, the girl remembered him. A. To B. In C. At D. For （ B ）21. His bike is different ______ mine. A. to B. from C. with D. at （ A ）22. Your idea is similar ______ mine. A. to B. with C. at D. for （ A ）23. Many people in the old days died ______ hunger. A. of B. from C. for D. with （ A ）24. My mother is preparing dinner ______ us. A. to B. for C. at D. with （ B ）25. They decided ______ the little bird free. A. set B. to set C. setting D. sets （ C ）26. He succeeded ______ the exam finally. A. pass B. to pass C. in passing D. passing （ A ）27. I will go to Beijing ______ of Shanghai this holiday. A. instead B. instead of C. but D. so （ B ）28. The snake ______ the boy’s foot yesterday. A. bite B. bit C. bites D. bitten （ B ）29. He ______ to sleep on the sofa just now. A. lie B. lay C. laid D. lies （ B ）30. The hen ______ an egg yesterday morning. A. lay B. laid C. lie D. layed 三、完成句子 1. He saw a bird in the tree.（改为一般疑问句） __ Did____ he ___see___ a bird in the tree? 2. She went to the park yesterday.（改为否定句） She _didn't_____ ___go___ to the park yesterday. 3. They played football after school.（划线提问） _When_____ __did____ they play football? 4. He is good at English.（同义句） He __does____ _well_____ in English. 5. 从前，有一个聪明的国王。 __Once____ upon a time, there __was____ a wise king. 6. 别害怕在公共场合说话。 Don’t be ___afraid___ ___to___ speak in public. 7. 他成功通过了考试。 He succeeded __in____ __passing____ the exam. 8. 这个故事和那个故事不同。 This story is _different_____ __from____ that one. 9. 她向我展示了她的新照片。 She __showed____ me her new __photos____. 10. 我们应该互相帮助。 We should help __one____ __another____. 四、完形填空 Once upon a time, there was a poor fisherman. He 1 by the sea. Every day, he went fishing to 2 money. One day, he caught a golden fish. The fish said, “Please set me 3 . I can give you 4 you want.” The fisherman was very kind. He set the fish free 5 thinking. His wife was angry. She asked the fisherman to get a new house from the fish. The fisherman went to the sea. 6 his surprise, the fish gave him a big house. But the wife still wanted more. She wanted to be a 7 lady. The fisherman had to go to the sea again. The fish was not happy this time. It 8 , “You are too greedy.” Then everything 9 back to the beginning.The fisherman and his wife had to live a poor life again. We should not be greedy. We should 10 happy for what we have. （ C ）1.A. live B. lives C. lived D. living （ A ）2. A. make B. do C. have D. get​ （ B ）3. A. out B. free C. off D. up​ （ D ）4.A.something B.someone C.anyone D.anything （ B ）5. A. with B. without C. for D. at​ （ B ）6. A. To B. In C. At D. For​ （ C ）7.A.poor B.richness C.rich D.poorness （ C ）8.say B.says C.said D.saying （ A ）9. A. went B. go C. goes D. go to​ （ D ）10. A. is B. was C. are D.be 五、阅读理解 Once upon a time, there was a wise farmer. He had three sons. They were lazy and didn’t like to work.One day, the farmer was ill. He called his sons and said, “There is a lot of gold in my field. If you work hard, you can find it.”After the farmer died, the three sons began to dig the field. They dug and dug, but they found no gold. They were very sad. But the field became very soft. They planted some rice in it. Soon the rice grew well. They got much rice and sold it. They made a lot of money.At last, they knew what their father meant. The real “gold” was hard work. （ B ）1.How many sons did the farmer have? A.Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.​ （ B ）2.What did the father say in the field? A.Rice. B. Gold. C. Money. D. Trees.​ （ A ）3.What did the sons do in the field? A.They dug the field. B. They planted trees. C. They built a house. D. They played games.​ （ B ）4.What did they get from the field at last? A.Gold. B. Much rice. C. Nothing. D. Some flowers.​ （ C ）5.What was the real gold? A. Money. B. The field. C. Hard work. D. Rice. 第 1 页 共 12 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $