专题10 句法核心：三大主从复合句（宾、定和状）（培优讲义）（全国通用）2026年中考英语二轮复习高效培优系列

专题10 句法核心：三大主从复合句（宾、定和状） 宾语从句 目 录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】宾语从句的引导词 【考点02】宾语从句的语序 【考点03】宾语从句的时态 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 【题型01】语法选择/单项填空中的宾语从句考查 【题型02】完形填空中的宾语从句考查 【题型03】语法填空的宾语从句考查 核心考向聚焦 宾语从句是中考英语语法核心考点，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯穿各地中考试卷核心题型。连接词选择、从句语序及时态呼应是考查重点，在单项选择、语法填空、句型转换中频繁出现；宾语从句的简化（疑问词+不定式）、否定前移及在书面表达中的灵活运用也有涉及，但相对比重较小，多作为综合能力考查点出现。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力：熟练掌握宾语从句三大核心要素，能根据从句类型（陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）准确选择引导词（that/if/whether/特殊疑问词），区分if与whether的用法差异；牢记“连接词+主语+谓语”的陈述语序规则，杜绝疑问语序误用；掌握时态呼应原则，即主句为现在时/将来时，从句可用任意时态，主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态，且能灵活应对客观真理的时态特殊情况。需通过规则梳理与真题演练突破核心要点。熟练运用宾语从句的简化技巧，能将疑问词引导的从句转化为“疑问词+不定式”结构，同时掌握否定前移的基本用法，在书面表达中能规范运用宾语从句丰富句式。需强化语境应用能力。 培优瓶颈：主要受中文思维干扰，忽略宾语从句的陈述语序要求，常误写为疑问语序；对if与whether的特殊用法场景记忆不牢，在介词后、or not连用及discuss后易误用if；时态呼应掌握不灵活，机械套用“主过从过”原则，忽略客观真理的时态特殊性，或未判断从句与主句动作的时间先后导致时态错误；规则记忆碎片化，无法将引导词、语序、时态三大要素结合运用，在综合题型中易失分。需强化语境判断与系统归纳记忆。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测：2026年中考中，宾语从句仍将是高频考点，命题将更侧重“规则性”与“应用性”，减少孤立的语法规则考查，转向语篇语境中的综合运用。单项选择仍以连接词选择、语序修正、时态呼应为核心；语法填空侧重引导词拼写、从句时态填空；句型转换重点考查直接引语与间接引语的互转（本质是宾语从句的转换）；书面表达将隐性考查宾语从句的灵活运用，用于表达观点、疑问等，提升句式丰富度。同时，会结合真实情境（如问路、咨询、观点表达）和简单科学话题，考查学生的语境适配能力。 策略：备考应放弃对孤立语法规则的死记硬背，转向“规则建模+语境应用”。重点训练： 1. 紧扣近三年中考真题，建立宾语从句错题本，按“引导词误用、语序错误、时态错误”分类整理，标注错误原因，强化在完形填空、语法填空等题型中结合语境判断用法的能力。 2. 系统梳理三大核心要素的关联规则，熟记if与whether的特殊用法、时态呼应的例外情况，专项练习语序修正、时态匹配类题型，总结“先判引导词、再核时态、最后查语序”的解题步骤。 3. 强化书面表达应用训练，刻意运用宾语从句丰富句式，结合问路、咨询、表达观点等真实场景，练习“疑问词+不定式”与宾语从句的灵活转换，提升句式规范性与丰富度。 ◇考点 01 宾语从句的引导词 引导词分三类，需根据句意和句式选择： 1.that：无词义，不充当句子成分，仅起连接作用，口语/非正式文体中可省略。 I hope (that it will snow this winter 我希望今年冬天会下雪。 I believe (that) we shall become good friends.我相信我们会成为好朋友。 2.if/whether：均表“是否”，不充当句子成分；仅用whether的情况：句末有or not、介词后、to do前。 He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not. 他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。 He asks whether / if we will go fishing on Sunday, 他问周日我们是否会去钓鱼。 3.WH-疑问词（what/who/where/when/why/how等）：需在从句中充当成分（主语、宾语、状语等），根据句意选择。 They couldn't believe what they heard on the news.他们简直不敢相信从新闻中听到的消息。 Could you please tell me what time the train leaves?你能告诉我火车什么时候出发吗？ The old man doesn’t remember who I am.老人不记得我是谁了。 易｜错｜提｜醒 if与 whether引导宾语从句时用法区别： 1). whether 跟 or not连用,而if则不能跟or not连用。例如： He asks whether you can come or not. 2). whether用于引导介词后面的宾语从句, 而if 则不能。 They are talking about whether they can help us. 3). 宾语从句在主句前面时，只能用whether引导。例如： Whether he has passed the exam, I don`t know.他是否通过考试，我不清楚 4). 在动词不定式前只能用whether引导而不能用 if. 例如： We haven`t decided whether to go shopping. 5). if 可引导条件状语从句, 而whether则不能。 You`ll have a great time if you come.（本句为导条件状语从句，不能使用whether引导） ◇难点引导词if和whether 典例 （2025·湖北襄阳·一模）—I wonder if Li Hua ______ to the party tomorrow. —I think she will come if she ______ free. A．comes; is B．will come; is C．comes; will be D．will come; will be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道李华明天是否来参加聚会。——我认为如果她有空，她会来。 考查动词的时态辨析。if意为“是否”时，引导宾语从句，时态规则为主过从过，主现从不限，主句为一般现在时，第一空处表示明天要发生的动作，用一般将来时；if意为“如果”时，引导条件状语从句，时态规则为主将从现，从句用一般现在时态表将来，第二空用一般现在时态。故选B。 1．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）The two-hour documentary describes _________ in the future. A．how Suzhou will be like B．what will Suzhou be like C．how Suzhou will be D．what Suzhou will like 2．（2025·广东汕头·三模）—Do you know ________ in the PE test? —By practicing every day. A．when he got good grades B．when did he get good grades C．how he got good grades D．how does he get good grades 3．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）—Could you tell me ________? —For a week. A．how soon he will come back B．how long have they been in Hong Kong C．how long I can keep the book D．how often do you practise baseball ◇考点 02 宾语从句的语序 无论是that，whether / if还是特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句语序均使用陈述语序：即“引导 词+主语+谓语+其他”，情态动词/助动词不能置于主语前（如：Could you tell me where the bank is? 而非where is the bank?）。 特殊例外：引导词本身作主语时，语序为“引导词+谓语+其他”，常见句型有what's wrong/what's the matter/what happened等。 He asked what was wrong with me.他不知道我们几天前来到了这里。 ◇难点引导词在宾语从句中作主语 典例 1．—I’m new here. Could you tell me ________? —Certainly. No.20 Bus will take you there. A．which is the way to the park B．when the park opens C．how far is the park 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我是新来的。你能告诉我去公园的路吗？——当然可以。20路公交车会带你去那里。 考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me ...”可知，空处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除C选项；结合“No.20 Bus will take you there”可知，问句是问去公园的路，A选项符合。故选A。 1．—It’s my turn to give a speech next Tuesday, but I’m not sure ___________. —I think you can talk about Chinese traditional festivals. A．what can I talk about B．what I will talk about C．when I can talk about 2．—I am interested in Harbin’s local culture. Could you tell me ________? —Central Street would be a wonderful place. A．where can I travel B．where I can travel C．how I can go to Central Street 3．—I’m sorry to hear the news of the plane crash. —So am I. I wondered ______. A．what was wrong with the plane B．when would we know the cause C．what causes the accident ◇考点 03 宾语从句的时态 时态遵循“主从呼应”原则，特殊情况例外： 1.主现从随：主句为一般现在时，从句时态根据实际语境选择（一般现在/过去/将来时等）。 He doesn`t know we came here few days ago.他不知道我们几天前就来过这里了。 2.主过从必过：主句为一般过去时，从句需用过去相关时态（一般过去时/过去进行时/过去将来时等）。 Bob asked whether we would go to see him.鲍勃问我们是否会去看他。 Jane said that she had left for Guiyang . 简说她已经动身去贵阳了。 3. 特殊情况： 从句表客观事实、普遍真理，用一般现在时 The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。 易｜错｜提｜醒 注意： 1. could / would只是表示客气、委婉语气，并非过去式，因此宾语从句的时态要根据实际需要使用不同时态。例如： Could you please tell me where I can deposit my bag? Would you like to know when we will go on a trip ? 2. 当主句的谓语动词是ask时，引导词（连词）不能用that；主句的谓语动词是say时，引导词用that。例如： He says (that) he will help me. Tim said (that) he would help me. My head teacher asks whether I like here. You may ask the police-man how you can get to the police station . ◇难点特殊情况 典例 —Could you tell me ________? —Sure. She lives on the second floor. A.where does she live B．where she lives C．where did she live D．where she lived 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我她住在哪里吗？——当然。她住在二楼。 考查宾语从句。根据问句“—Could you tell me...?”可知，此处是宾语从句，在宾语从句中，需要用陈述语序，所以可以先排除疑问语序的“where does she live”和“where did she live”；根据答句“She lives on the second floor.”可知，句子描述的是现在的居住情况，时态为一般现在时，因此从句也应用一般现在时，“where she lived”是一般过去时，不符合语境，选项B“where she lives”符合陈述语序和时态要求。故选B。 1．—Tina, could you tell me ________? —I borrowed it from the city library. A．where you get the novel B．where do you get the novel C．where you got the novel D．where did you get the novel 2．The teacher told us that the earth ________ around the sun. A．went B．goes C．is going 3．—One of the 24 solar terms—Grain in Ear is coming soon. —That’s true. But could you tell me ________? A．what does this solar term mean B．that it will fall on the fifth of June this year C．whether it was the 9th of the 24 solar terms D．if it marks crops are waiting to be harvested ◇题型 01 单项填空中的宾语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1—Could you tell me _____ you will do this weekend? I want to plan a trip with you. —I’m not sure yet. Maybe I’ll visit my grandparents in the countryside. A．where B．why C．what D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我这个周末你将做什么吗？我想和你计划一次旅行。——我还不确定。也许我会去乡下看望我的祖父母。 考查宾语从句引导词。where（在）哪里；why为什么；what什么；which哪一个。根据答句“Maybe I’ll visit my grandparents in the countryside.”可知，我会去乡下看望我的祖父母，所以问句询问的是“做什么”，应用what 提问。故选C。 方｜法｜提｜炼 1.判断引导词，规避连接词陷阱：宾语从句引导词需根据从句类型精准选择，陈述句用that（可省略），一般疑问句用if/whether（表“是否”），特殊疑问句用对应的特殊疑问词（what/who/where等）。若选项中引导词与从句类型不匹配，直接排除；注意if与whether的特殊区别：介词后、or not连用、discuss后只能用whether，若题干出现这些场景，排除if选项（如题干有“or not”，选项含if直接排除）。示例：I don’t know ______ he will come or not. 选项A. if B. whether C. that，因有or not，排除A、C，选B。 2.核对从句语序，避免疑问语序误用：宾语从句必须用“连接词+主语+谓语”的陈述语序，禁止用疑问语序（即连接词后不能直接跟助动词/情态动词）。若选项中从句为疑问语序（如what is he doing），直接排除；即使从句是特殊疑问句，也要调整为陈述语序（正确为what he is doing）。示例：Could you tell me ______? 选项A. where is the bank B. where the bank is C. where was the bank，A、C均为疑问语序，排除，选B。 3.匹配主从句时态，杜绝时态混乱：遵循“时态呼应”原则，主句为一般现在时/一般将来时，从句可根据句意用任意时态；主句为一般过去时，从句需用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时等）；若从句描述客观真理、永恒事实，无论主句时态如何，从句均用一般现在时。若选项中时态与主句不呼应（非客观真理场景），直接排除。示例：He said that he ______ to Beijing yesterday. 选项A. go B. goes C. went，主句said为一般过去时，从句需用过去时，排除A、B，选C。 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1 We wanted to know ________. A．when will the exam begin B．when the exam will begin C．when would the exam begin D．when the exam would begin 变式2 —What did your mother say on the phone?   —She asked ________. A．when I would go back B．when did you go back C．when will I go back ◇题型 02 完形填空中的宾语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例2Time is very important in our life. However, I had never realized it until I 1 a beautiful watch from my father one day when I was 19 years old. This watch always tells me the importance of time in my life. It was a cold rainy day. My father asked me to go to the airport to 2 my uncle and take him home. I should arrive there before 4:30 p.m. We had a basketball match at school that afternoon and the match was very exciting. When the match was nearly over, I suddenly remembered my uncle and 3 to the airport. It was too late. He had left the airport and taken a taxi to our house. I was very worried that my father would be angry with me. 4 I entered the living room, I saw my uncle on the sofa, looking very tired. I didn’t dare to look at my uncle and my father. I said hello to them in a very low voice. My father didn’t say anything. 5 , he asked me to sit next to him. “Peter, did you have a good time today?” He was very strict but his voice was still calm. I felt so sorry and answered in an even 6 voice. “Yes, Dad, but I’m really sorry about not picking up my uncle. This will never happen again. I promise.” My father handed me a box with a beautiful watch inside. It was a 7 my uncle bought for him. He gave it to me and said, “I hope you have learned 8 important today, and this watch will help you remember the importance of time.” The watch has been with me for twelve years. I wear it not because of its price, but because of 9 I have learned from it. It tells me to 10 time and never be late for what I have promised to do. 1．A．received B．took C．brought D．prevented 2．A．put up B．pick up C．show up D．turn up 3．A．moved B．turned C．hurried D．flew 4．A．As soon as B．As long as C．Even though D．As if 5．A．Instead of B．Except C．Instead D．But 6．A．lower B．higher C．louder D．sweeter 7．A．present B．toy C．tool D．clock 8．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 9．A．where B．what C．who D．which 10．A．respect B．waste C．forget D．leave ◇题型 03 语法填空填空的宾语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例3Time is very important in our life. However, I had never realized it until I 1 a beautiful watch from my father one day when I was 19 years old. This watch always tells me the importance of time in my life. It was a cold rainy day. My father asked me to go to the airport to 2 my uncle and take him home. I should arrive there before 4:30 p.m. We had a basketball match at school that afternoon and the match was very exciting. When the match was nearly over, I suddenly remembered my uncle and 3 to the airport. It was too late. He had left the airport and taken a taxi to our house. I was very worried that my father would be angry with me. 4 I entered the living room, I saw my uncle on the sofa, looking very tired. I didn’t dare to look at my uncle and my father. I said hello to them in a very low voice. My father didn’t say anything. 5 , he asked me to sit next to him. “Peter, did you have a good time today?” He was very strict but his voice was still calm. I felt so sorry and answered in an even 6 voice. “Yes, Dad, but I’m really sorry about not picking up my uncle. This will never happen again. I promise.” My father handed me a box with a beautiful watch inside. It was a 7 my uncle bought for him. He gave it to me and said, “I hope you have learned 8 important today, and this watch will help you remember the importance of time.” The watch has been with me for twelve years. I wear it not because of its price, but because of 9 I have learned from it. It tells me to 10 time and never be late for what I have promised to do. 1．A．received B．took C．brought D．prevented 2．A．put up B．pick up C．show up D．turn up 3．A．moved B．turned C．hurried D．flew 4．A．As soon as B．As long as C．Even though D．As if 5．A．Instead of B．Except C．Instead D．But 6．A．lower B．higher C．louder D．sweeter 7．A．present B．toy C．tool D．clock 8．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 9．A．where B．what C．who D．which 10．A．respect B．waste C．forget D．leave 状语从句 目 录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】时间状语从句 【考点02】条件状语从句 【考点03】让步状语从句 【考点04】原因状语从句 【考点05】目的状语从句 【考点06】结果状语从句 【考点07】方式状语从句 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 【题型01】语法选择/单项填空中的状语从句考查 【题型02】完形填空中的状语从句考查 【题型03】语法填空的状语从句考查 核心考向聚焦 各类状语从句引导词的辨析及用法是考查重点，在各地中考中频繁出现，覆盖单项选择、语法填空、完形填空等核心题型，其中时间、条件、原因状语从句考频最高。状语从句的时态呼应、主句与从句的逻辑关系判断、特殊引导词（如while/as/since）的辨析及语境应用也有涉及，但相对比重较小，多作为综合能力考查点。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力：掌握时间（ile/as）、条件（if/unless）、原因（because/since/as）、结果（so...that...）、目的（so that/in order that）等高频状语从句的引导词用法，能根据上下文逻辑准确选择引导词；牢记状语从句的时态呼应规则（如主将从现、主过从过），能结合语境判断从句时态；熟练区分近义引导词（如when与while、because与since）的用法差异，掌握其适用场景。需通过规则梳理与语境演练突破核心要点。熟练在语篇中运用状语从句，能结合上下文判断引导词、修正时态错误，提升语篇理解与表达的连贯性。需强化语篇应用能力。 培优瓶颈：主要受中文思维干扰，混淆近义引导词的用法（如用when修饰延续性动词、用because回答why提问时叠加so），忽略引导词的适用场景限制；对时态呼应规则记忆不牢，尤其是“主将从现”的灵活运用失误，易出现主句与从句时态矛盾；规则记忆碎片化，无法将引导词选择、时态呼应、逻辑关系结合运用，在综合语篇题型中易失分。需强化语境判断与系统归类记忆。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测：2026年中考中，状语从句仍将是高频考点，命题将更侧重“语境化”与“综合性”，减少孤立的语法规则考查，转向语篇语境中的灵活应用。单项选择仍以引导词辨析、时态呼应为核心；语法填空侧重引导词拼写、从句谓语动词变形；完形填空侧重结合上下文选择合适的引导词，兼顾时态呼应与逻辑关系；书面表达将隐性考查状语从句的规范运用，用于衔接句子、表达逻辑关系，提升语篇流畅度。同时，会结合真实情境（如时间安排、条件假设、原因解释），考查学生的语境适配能力，近义引导词的辨析仍将是命题重点。 策略：备考应放弃对孤立语法规则的死记硬背，转向 “规则建模+语篇应用” 。重点训练： 1. 紧扣近三年中考真题，建立状语从句错题本，按“引导词误用、时态错误、逻辑关系混淆”分类整理，标注错误原因，强化在完形填空、语法填空等题型中结合语境判断用法的能力。 2. 系统梳理各类状语从句的引导词及时态规则，熟记近义引导词的用法差异（如while接延续性动词、when可接延续性/非延续性动词），专项练习引导词辨析、时态匹配类题型，总结“先判逻辑关系、再选引导词、最后核时态”的解题步骤。 3. 强化书面表达应用训练，刻意运用状语从句衔接句子、表达逻辑，结合时间安排、条件假设等真实场景，练习状语从句与简单句的灵活转换，提升句式规范性与语篇连贯性。 ◇考点 01 时间状语从句 连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句 when “当……时”；引导的从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用短暂性动词 He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came. while “正当……时；正在……时”；引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时 While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework. as “当……时”；表示一件事情正在发生，另一件事情也在进行中 Just as I was leaving the house, the phone rang. after “在……之后”；表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后 People will get to know the advantages of your product after they use it. before “在……之前”；表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前 Turn off the lights before you leave the room. until/till “直到……为止”；常用在“not…until…”结构中，表示“直到……才……” The boy didn't stop running until he reached the finishing line. since “自……以来”；主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时 We have been good friends since we entered the same high school. as soon as “一……就……”；引导的从句常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 I will give you a callas soon as I arrive home. whenever “在任何……时候；无论何时”；引导的从句常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 Whenever we're in trouble， they'll help us. 易｜错｜提｜醒 时间状语从句的时态搭配 规则一：主将从现：当主句是将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来： I will call you when I arrive.（我到达时会给你打电话。） He will help you if he has time.（如果有时间他会帮你。） 例外：when引导名词性从句时可用将来时 I don't know when he will come.（我不知道他什么时候会来。→ 宾语从句） 规则二：主过从过：当主句是过去时，时间状语从句通常也用过去时： He was reading when I entered.（我进来时他正在读书。） When he was young, he lived in Beijing.（他年轻时住在北京。） 规则三：since从句的时态：since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have known him since we were children.（我们从小时候就认识了。） ◇难点时态不一致 典例 —Why didn’t you go to bed early last night? —I had to wait ________ my brother came back. He was caught in the rain. A．while B．till C．because D．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你昨晚为什么不早点睡觉？——我必须等到我哥哥回来。他被雨淋湿了。 考查连词辨析。while当……的时候；till直到……才……；because因为；unless除非。根据“I had to wait”和“my brother came back”的语境可知，强调等待动作持续到“哥哥回来”这一时间点结束，需用表示“直到……才……”的时间连词。故选B。 1．—Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting? —He rushed out of the classroom ________ I could say a word. A．before B．after C．while 2．Tony was drawing a picture ______ I was doing my homework. A．if B．while C．until 3．The host was waiting at the gate________ his guests arrived. A．after B．when C．unless D．if ◇考点 02 条件状语从句 连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句 if “如果”；从句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时 If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. unless “如果不;除非”；unless可以转化为if…not…结构。主从句时态与if用法一致 Unless you get enough sleep every night, you will not remember things well. as long as “只要”；主从句时态与if用法一致 As long as you tell me the truth, I'll try to help you. 条件状语从句的时态规则 （1）主将从现：主句将来时，从句一般现在时 If he comes, I will tell him.（如果他来，我会告诉他。） （2）主情从现：主句情态动词，从句一般现在时 If you work hard, you can succeed.（如果你努力工作，你能成功。） （3）主祈从现：主句祈使句，从句一般现在时 If you see him, tell him to call me.（如果你见到他，告诉他给我打电话。） 易｜错｜提｜醒 条件状语从句可以简化为： Without air, we could not live.（如果没有空气，我们不能生存。） = If there were no air, we could not live. ◇难点条件状语从句的时态 典例 You won’t be successful ________ you don’t try your best to do something. A．or B．if C．unless D．although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你不尽力做某事，你就不会成功。 考查连词辨析。or或者；if如果；unless除非；although虽然。根据句意，句子表达条件关系，即“如果不尽力，就不会成功”。if 引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，符合句意。故选B。 1．We will go out for a picnic ________ it rains tomorrow. A．if B．when C．unless D．until 2．—We play better as a team now and our coach believes we will win. —There is no difficulty that we cannot get over ________ we bring together as one. A．even if B．so that C．as long as 3．We will never know what goal we can achieve ________ we try our best. A．because B．unless C．but D．if ◇考点 03 让步状语从句 连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句 though/although “虽然；尽管”；两者可互换使用，都可以与 yet 连用,不能与 but 连用 I can look after myself，although it won't be easy for me. even if/even though 即使；尽管；虽然 Even if it is rainy today， they still attend the football training. whether “不管”；常用于句型“whether…or not”与“whether…or”中 Whether or not we're successful, we can be sure that we did our best. whatever “无论什么”；相当于 no matter what Whatever you want to be， you need to work hard to achieve it. whenever “无论何时”；相当于no matter when Whenever I try to read this book， I feel happy. ◇难点although的用法 典例 —That young man must have something to do with the crime, right? —I suppose so, ________ he said that he didn’t do anything against the law. A．if B．when C．although D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——那个年轻人一定和这个犯罪有关，对吗？——我想是的，尽管他说他没做任何违法的事。 考查连词辨析。if如果；when当……时候；although尽管；because因为。根据语境可知，此处是在描述尽管年轻人声称自己没有违法，但说话者仍然认为他与犯罪有关，所以应该用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。 1．We should never stop learning ________ AI like Deep Seek has helped us a lot. A．so that B．even though C．as soon as 2．You must remember ________ you do, you should be serious about it. A．no matter what B．no matter how C．no matter where 3．The Internet makes our lives more convenient. We can buy things ________ we don’t take money with us. A．ever since B．so that C．even if ◇考点 04 原因状语从句 连词 含义及用法 例句 because “因为”；常用来回答由why引导的一般疑问句；不能与so连用 I'd like to join the Music Club because I can play the piano. since “因为;既然”；语气比because弱 Since we have already grown up, we cannot act like little babies. as “因为;由于”；语气比since弱 As you were out, I left a message. ◇难点since 的用法 典例________ Jingji Road is so popular these days, why not take a city walk there? A．Since B．Though C．Until D．After 【答案】A 【详解】句意：既然经济路最近这么受欢迎，为什么不去那里来一次城市漫步呢？ 考查连词辨析。Since既然；Though尽管；Until直到；After在……后。根据“Jingji Road is so popular these days, why not take a city walk there?”可知，前一句是后句的原因，应用since引导原因状语从句。故选A。 1．________ Anhui area of the Yangtze River has improved, many special birds returned. A．Unless B．Though C．Since D．While 2．—Did you go for a trip during the May Day holiday? —No. The public were advised to stay at home ________ there was a terrible storm. A．if B．unless C．though D．because 3．Michael was late for school _________ he missed the school bus. A．so B．but C．as D．if ◇考点 05 目的状语从句 连词短语 含义及用法 例句 so that “以便……”；后接从句，只能用于句中 They sped up so that/in order that they could get there on time. in order that “为了……”；后接从句，可用于句首或句中 易｜错｜提｜醒 1.'s不全是名词所有格 It looks like Lily's hat! 它看起来像Lily的帽子。(此句话中的Lily's是所有格,而不是Lily is的缩写。) My dog is from China, but her dog's from Japan. 我的狗来自中国,但是她的狗来自日本。(此句中的dog's应是dog is的缩写,而不是名词所有格。) 2. ‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所) 3.两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B’s 的形式,如：Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室) 4.“of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格, 如：a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友) 难点so that 引导两种从句 典例He puts the flowers in the shade ________ the sun will not burn them. A．in order to B．so that C．so as to D．such that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他把花放在阴凉处，这样太阳就不会把它们晒坏。 考查目的状语从句。in order to为了，后接动词原形；so that以便、为了，引导目的状语从句，后接完整句子；so as to为了，后接动词原形；such that如此……以至于……，用于结果状语从句。根据句中“the sun will not burn them”为完整句子，且此处表示把花放在阴凉处的目的，需用“so that”引导目的状语从句。故选B。 1．Our country will set up a traditional reading day ______ more and more people can pay attention to deep reading and Chinese traditional culture. A．even though B．so that C．unless 2．Mary has learned a lot about the history of Harbin ________ she can be a tour guide. A．even if B．as soon as C．so that 3．She got up early in the morning ________ she could exercise for an hour. A．until B．so that C．in order to D．when ◇考点 06 结果状语从句 连词短语 含义及用法 例句 so…that… 如此……以至于…… so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，结构为“so+adj./adv.+that…”。可与“too…to…”结构互换 He is so little that he can't dress himself.= He is too little to dress himself. such…that… such修饰的中心词是名词， 结构为“such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that…”或“such+adj.+不可数名词/可数名词复数+that…” She is such a lovely girl that everyone around her likes her.=She is so lovely that everyone around her likes her. ◇难点so 与such区别 典例The TV play Journey to the West is ________ interesting ________ I would like to watch it again. A．such; that B．too; to C．so; that D．too; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：电视剧《西游记》如此有趣以至于我想再看一遍。 考查结果状语从句。根据句意可知此处表示“如此……以至于……”，应用“such/so…that”引导结果状语从句，“interesting”是形容词，应用副词“so”修饰。故选C。 1．It is ________ a beautiful garden ________ we like to play in it. A．so, that B．too, to C．very, that D．such, that 2．All the teachers think that he is _________ good storyteller _________ he will be a good writer in the future. A．so, that B．such a, that C．so a, that D．quite a, that 3．—My family went to Taizhou to eat morning tea during the May Day holiday. —So did I. There are ________ many tourists that all the waiters ________ stopped to eat or rest the whole day. A．so; mostly B．such; nearly C．so; hardly D．such; highly ◇考点 07 方式状语从句 连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句 as “按照……的方式”；通常置于主句之后 When in Rome, do as the Romans do. as if/though “似乎，好像”；后面可接陈述句语序或虚拟语气 Though they met for the first time, they talked as if they were good friends. 易｜错｜提｜醒 状语从句的时态一致性 规则一：主句现在时/将来时，从句可用任何时态 I know that he is a teacher.（我知道他是老师。） I know that he was a teacher.（我知道他过去是老师。） I know that he will be a teacher.（我知道他将成为老师。） I will tell him when he comes.（他来了我会告诉他。） 规则二：主句过去时，从句通常用过去时态 （1）从句动作与主句动作同时发生 → 一般过去时/过去进行时 He said that he was tired.（他说他累了。） She told me she was reading a book.（她告诉我她在读书。） （2）从句动作发生在主句动作之前 → 过去完成时 He said that he had finished his work.（他说他已经完成了工作。） I thought I had met him before.（我以为我以前见过他。） （3）从句动作发生在主句动作之后 → 过去将来时 He said that he would come the next day.（他说他第二天会来。） She told me she was going to visit Beijing.（她告诉我她要去北京。） 规则三：从句表示客观真理、科学事实，永远用一般现在时 The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.（老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。） He said that light travels faster than sound.（他说光比声音传播得快。） 规则四：时间/条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时 He will call you when he arrives.（他到了会给你打电话。） If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。） 规则四：since从句的时态：主句用现在完成时，since从句用一般过去时 I have lived here since I was born.（我从出生就住在这里。） ◇难点as if的用法 典例—Do you still remember the first day we met at school? —Very clear ________ it was yesterday. A．as long as B．as if C．as soon as D．as a result 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你还记得我们在学校初次见面的那一天吗？——非常清楚，仿佛就在昨天。 考查连词辨析。as long as只要；as if好像，仿佛；as soon as一……就……；as a result结果。根据“Very clear...it was yesterday.”可知，此处表示对初次见面场景记忆犹新，就像发生在昨天一样。故选B。 1．The VR experience made me feel ________ I was really walking through an ancient tomb. A．even if B．as if C．so that D．in order that 2．Though they met for the first time, they talked ________ they were good friends. A．even if B．as if C．even though D．if only 3．--Our new English teacher is always energetic and happy,She looks ____a young girl. --You are right!She looks ______she were only 18 years old. A．as,like B．like,as if C．as if ,like D．like,as ◇题型 01 单项填空中的状语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1（2025·江苏南京·二模）We’d better take action to solve a problem ______ it gets worse. A．before B．after C．until D．since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们最好在问题变得更糟之前采取行动解决它。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到；since自从。根据句意可知，采取行动要在变得糟糕之前，before符合题意。故选A。 方｜法｜提｜炼 1.明确引导词匹配规则，规避引导词陷阱：状语从句引导词的选择，核心是判断主句与从句的逻辑关系（时间、条件、原因、结果等），不同逻辑对应固定引导词。时间关系用when/while/as（“当……时”），条件关系用if/unless（“如果/除非”），原因关系用because/since/as（“因为/既然”），结果关系用so...that...（“如此……以至于”）。若选项中引导词与逻辑关系不匹配，直接排除；仅特殊近义引导词（如while/as）需区分用法，单独记忆。 例：I will go to the park ______ it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 选项A. because B. if C. while → 主句与从句是“条件关系”，A（表原因）、C（表时间）与逻辑关系不匹配，直接排除，选B。 2.区分近义引导词用法，避免用法混淆：当选项同时出现近义引导词（如when与while、because与since）时，根据引导词的适用场景判断：when可接延续性/非延续性动词，while仅接延续性动词；because表直接原因，回答why提问，since表“既然”，语气较弱。若题干中动词是非延续性动词（如arrive），排除while选项；若题干是回答why提问，排除since选项。 例：He was reading a book ______ his mother came in. 选项A. while B. when C. since → 从句动词came（来）是非延续性动词，A（while仅接延续性动词）排除，C（表原因）逻辑不符，排除，选B。 3.结合语境与时态，验证选项合理性：若剩余选项难区分，结合题干语义和状语从句时态规则判断：重点牢记“主将从现”（主句将来时，从句现在时）、“主过从过”（主句过去时，从句过去时）规则；同时结合上下文语义，确认引导词和时态是否贴合逻辑。根据规则和语境，排除不符合要求的选项，锁定正确答案。 例：She ______ stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 选项A. will B. would C. did → 从句是一般现在时（rains），符合“主将从现”规则，主句需用将来时，B（过去将来时）、C（过去时）排除，选A。 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1 （2025·江苏泰州·二模）—You should do some housework for me _________ you have grown up. —OK, dad, I will _________ I have a lot of homework to do. A．unless, since B．since, if C．although, until D．since, unless 变式2 （2025·江苏扬州·三模）_______ Austen’s novels are about love and marriage, the British writer never married. A．Since B．Until C．Although D．Unless ◇题型 02 完形填空的状语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例3（2026九年级·江苏扬州·专题练习）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 The 2026 Spring Festival Gala amazed the audience with a fantastic show called “Wu BOT”. It was a special performance that 1 traditional Chinese martial arts (武术) with modern technology. Dozens of humanoid robots (人形机器人) from Unitree became “kung fu masters” and performed alongside young martial artists from the Tagou Martial Arts School. Last year, these robots danced with handkerchiefs. This year, they could do backflips (后空翻), vault over obstacles (跳马), and even 2 nunchucks (双节棍) skillfully. The program was not just a show but a big challenge for both the robots and the human performers. Preparing for this program was far from easy. The technical team spent over a month 3 the 600-square-meter stage. They used lasers to create a 3D 3 of the area so that each robot could “know” its exact position. “The most difficult part was to make the robots move fast and stay 4 at the same time,” said Wang Xixing, the founder of Unitree. To make the robots perform complex movements like humans, the team had to “teach” them. The young martial arts students played a very important 5 in this process. At first, the students were a little bit 6 of the powerful machines. But soon, they started working together. They would show the movements first, and then the engineers would input the data into the robots. “It felt like teaching a new classmate kung fu,” one student said with a 7 . One of the most 8 moments in the show was when a robot “got drunk” and performed “Drunken Fist” (醉拳). This interesting idea came from an accident during rehearsal (彩排). The robot suddenly fell down, 9 it got up immediately with a cool move. The director found it so interesting that they decided to 10 it in the final show. The robots also showed amazing team spirit. They could change formations (队形) quickly 11 running at high speed. If one robot ran off the path by accident, it could correct itself without any help. This was because of a new self-developing system that allowed the robots to 12 problems and recover fast. Wang Xixing said that the goal was not just to create an exciting performance, but to push technology forward. “If robots can do such difficult actions on a big stage with loud music and bright lights, they can surely do 13 jobs in our daily lives,” he explained. In the future, these robots might help us in factories, do housework, or even 14 the elderly. The show “Wu BOT” was a perfect example of how tradition and innovation can come together. It not only showed the beauty of Chinese 15 to the world but also proved how fast China’s technology is developing. 1．A．compared B．combined C．covered D．complained 2．A．hide B．break C．play D．touch 3．A．mapping B．cleaning C．leaving D．crossing 4．A．beautiful B．quiet C．tidy D．accurate 5．A．role B．game C．music D．decision 6．A．fond B．afraid C．careful D．proud 7．A．cry B．worry C．smile D．fear 8．A．boring B．forgettable C．terrible D．unforgettable 9．A．but B．so C．or D．because 10．A．cut B．keep C．cancel D．finish 11．A．while B．before C．after D．until 12．A．cause B．ignore C．find D．discuss 13．A．harder B．easier C．worse D．dirtier 14．A．look after B．run after C．come after D．ask for 15．A．culture B．medicine C．business D．history ◇题型 03 语法填空中的名词考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例4（2025·山东聊城·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1个单词。 The Yi New Year is a popular festival for the Yi ethnic group (彝族) in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi. It 1 (fall) on a day around November 20 every year. There are many traditional practices (习俗) of the festival. When the festival draws near, the Yi people will start house cleaning. They think that cleaning can help them get rid of bad things in the house and bring good 2 (luck) to them. They also put firewood (木柴) in front of 3 (they) houses. They believe that the height of the firewood shows the hard work they have 4 (do) in the past year and is also a symbol of a happy life in the new year. On the eve of the Yi New Year, family members come together to have a big dinner. On 5 (冠词) day of the festival, the young Yi people wear their ethnic dresses and go to a mountainside. They join in traditional activities of the local New Year. Moerqiu (磨尔秋), a seesaw-like (像跷跷板一样的) swing activity, is one of the most popular 6 (game) among the Yi people. New Year’s activities would not be complete (完整的) 7 (介词) visiting relatives or friends. The Yi people usually get gifts ready a few days earlier 8 (连词) they go for a visit. The Yi people love these practices 9 (deep) and have been trying to pass them down. These practices show the Yi people’s way of life and their good wishes for a 10 (good) life than before. 定语从句 目 录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】定语从句的关系词 【考点02】定语从句的关系副词 【考点03】定语从句的特殊情况 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 【题型01】语法选择/单项填空中的定语从句考查 【题型02】完形填空中的定语从句考查 【题型03】语法填空的定语从句考查 核心考向聚焦 关系代词（that/which/who/whom/whose）与关系副词（where/when/why）的辨析及正确选择是考查重点，在各地中考中频繁出现，覆盖单项选择、语法填空、完形填空等核心题型。定语从句的语序、主谓一致、非限制性定语从句的基本用法及介词+关系代词的简单应用也有涉及，但相对比重较小，多作为综合能力考查点。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力：掌握关词的核心用法，能根据先行词的属性（人/物/时间/地点/原因）准确选择对应引导词，区分that与which的用法差异、who与whom的句法功能；牢记定语从句“先行词+引导词+陈述语序”的基本结构，掌握主谓一致规则（从句谓语动词单复数与先行词保持一致）；能识别简单的非限制性定语从句，掌握介词+关系代词（如in which/for whom）的基础搭配。需通过规则梳理与语境演练突破核心要点。熟练在语篇中运用定语从句，能结合上下文判断引导词，修正语序、主谓一致等错误，提升语篇理解与表达的连贯性。需强化语篇应用能力。 培优瓶颈：主要受中文思维干扰，混淆关系代词与关系副词的用法（如用where修饰人、用who修饰地点），忽略先行词的属性对引导词的限制；对that与which的特殊用法（如先行词为不定代词时只能用that）记忆不牢，易出现引导词误用；主谓一致判断失误，忽略从句谓语动词需与先行词保持一致；规则记忆碎片化，无法将引导词选择、语序、主谓一致结合运用，在综合语篇题型中易失分。需强化语境判断与系统归类记忆。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测：2026年中考中，定语从句仍将是高频考点，命题将更侧重“语境化”与“综合性”，减少孤立的语法规则考查，转向语篇语境中的灵活应用。单项选择仍以引导词辨析、主谓一致为核心；语法填空侧重引导词拼写、从句谓语动词变形；完形填空侧重结合上下文选择合适的引导词，兼顾语序与主谓一致；书面表达将隐性考查定语从句的规范运用，用于修饰名词、丰富句式，提升语篇流畅度。同时，会结合真实情境（如介绍人物、描述地点、讲述事件），考查学生的语境适配能力，介词+关系代词的简单应用可能成为命题新热点。 策略：备考应放弃对孤立语法规则的死记硬背，转向 “规则建模+语篇应用” 。重点训练： 1. 紧扣近三年中考真题，建立定语从句错题本，按“引导词误用、语序错误、主谓一致错误”分类整理，标注错误原因，强化在完形填空、语法填空等题型中结合语境判断用法的能力。 2. 系统梳理引导词的适用场景，熟记that与which、who与whom的用法差异，专项练习引导词辨析、主谓一致类题型，总结“先判先行词属性、再选引导词、最后核语序与主谓一致”的解题步骤。 3. 强化书面表达应用训练，刻意运用定语从句修饰名词、补充信息，结合介绍人物、描述地点等真实场景，练习定语从句与简单句的灵活转换，提升句式规范性与语篇连贯性。 ◇考点 01 定语从句的关系代词 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。其基本结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。如： Do you know the ？ 引导定语从句的关系代词有who, that, which, whom, whose和关系副词when, where, why。初中阶段要求掌握that, which, who引导的定语从句，关系副词在本书中不作讲解。 1.关系代词的用法 关系代词 所指先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 例句翻译与解析 who 人 主语 The woman who lives next door is a doctor. 住在我隔壁的那位女士是医生。（解析： who  指代  the woman ，在从句  who lives next door  中充当主语。） 宾语 (口语/非正式) The man (who) I saw yesterday was her brother. 我昨天看到的那个男人是她的哥哥。（解析： who  指代  the man ，在从句  I saw who  中充当动词  saw  的宾语，此处可以省略。） whom 人 宾语 (动词宾语) The professor whom we respect is giving a talk. 我们尊敬的那位教授将做一个讲座。（解析： whom  指代  the professor ，在从句  we respect whom  中充当动词  respect  的宾语。） 宾语 (介词宾语) She is the person to whom I owe my thanks. 她是我要感谢的人。（解析： whom  指代  the person ，在介词  to  后充当宾语，构成介词短语  to whom 。） whose 人或物 定语 (表所属) The student whose project won the award is over there. 项目获奖的那位学生就在那边。（解析： whose  指代  the student‘s ，在从句中作定语，修饰主语  project 。） We visited the city whose history fascinates us. 我们游览了那座历史令我们着迷的城市。（解析： whose  指代  the city‘s ，在从句中作定语，修饰主语  history 。） which 物或动物 主语 The phone which is on the table is mine. 桌上的那部手机是我的。（解析： which  指代  the phone ，在从句  which is on the table  中充当主语。） 宾语 The ideas (which) he proposed were innovative. 他提出的那些想法很有创新性。（解析： which  指代  the ideas ，在从句  he proposed which  中充当动词  proposed  的宾语，此处可以省略。） that 人或物 主语 (指人) The girl that won the race is my classmate. 赢得比赛的那个女孩是我的同学。（解析： that  指代  the girl ，在从句中充当主语。） 主语 (指物) Everything that happens has a cause. 发生的每件事都有原因。（解析： that  指代  everything ，在从句中充当主语。） 宾语 (指人) Is he the man (that) you told me about? 他就是你跟我提过的那个人吗？（解析： that  指代  the man ，在从句  you told me about that  中充当介词  about  的宾语，此处可以省略。） 宾语 (指物) The book (that) I’m reading is fascinating. 我正在读的那本书非常有趣。（解析： that  指代  the book ，在从句  I’m reading that  中充当动词  reading  的宾语，此处可以省略。） ◇难点：关系词的确定 典例 —Yuan Longping is a hero ________ developed hybrid rice (杂交水稻). —Yes. We admire him very much. A．which B．what C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——袁隆平是一位研发了杂交水稻的英雄。——是的。我们非常钦佩他。 考查定语从句。which先行词为物；what不引导定语从句；that先行词为人或物。先行词“hero”（英雄）是人，需用指代人的关系代词that引导定语从句。故选C。 1．The doctors ________ work hard to save lives in the hospitals are looked up to by everyone. A．which B．where C．when D．who 2．—Look! That is the woman ________ I met yesterday. —Oh? She’s my aunt. A．what B．whom C．where D．when 3．The book ________ cover is blue is my favorite storybook. I’ve read it three times. A．who B．which C．whose ◇考点 02 定语从句的关系副词 关系副词在定语从句中作状语，代替先行词中的“介词 + which”结构。 1、when：指时间，先行词是 time, day, year, moment 等时间名词，在从句中作时间状语 = on/in/at/during which I will never forget the day when I first came to this school. （我永远不会忘记我第一次来到这所学校的那天。） = I will never forget the day on which I first came to this school. 2、where：指地点，先行词是 place, city, room, country 等地点名词，在从句中作地点状语 = in/at/on which This is the house where I was born. （这就是我出生的房子。） = This is the house in which I was born. 3、why:指原因，先行词只有 reason，在从句中作原因状语 = for which The reason why he was late is not clear. （他迟到的原因不清楚。） = The reason for which he was late is not clear. ◇难点既可数又不可数名词 典例 I felt very happy to get a one-month break from work last year ________ I could travel with my family to Paris. A．where B．that C．which D．when 【答案】D 【详解】句意：去年我很高兴能有一个月的休假，那时我可以和家人去巴黎旅行。 考查定语从句的关系词辨析。where哪里；that那个；which哪个；when当……时。先行词“a one-month break”表示一段时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故选D。 1．—Look! This is the museum. It’s really famous. —Oh, I heard that there are many old things in it. Is this the museum ________ we can see a lot of old things? A．which B．where C．that 2．I wonder the reason ________ you were late for school yesterday. A．why B．where C．when D．who 3．This is the house ________ I lived ten years ago. A．which B．where C．that ◇考点 03 定语从句的特殊情况 1、关系代词that who which在从句中做宾语的时候可以省略。但做主语不行。 The man that/who knows me is Tom. （That 或who在从句中做主语不可省略。） The man (that/who) I know is Tom. （That/who在从句中作宾语可以省略。） 2、只用which whom不用that who的情况：当关系词作介宾，而且介词提前的时候，只能用which whom。不用that who。 The boy with whom they are talking is Jerry. He is looking for the chair on which you are sitting. 3、只用that不用which who whom的情况。 序号 情况分类 核心规则 示例 解释与说明 1 先行词为不定代词 当先行词是 anyone, everybody, nobody 等指人的不定代词时。 Anyone that breaks the rule will be punished. 用  that  更符合泛指习惯。 2 先行词被序数词修饰 当先行词被 the first, the last 等序数词修饰时。 He was the first person that arrived. 强调排位顺序，用  that 。 3 先行词被形容词最高级修饰 当先行词被 the best, the most diligent 等最高级修饰时。 She is the most diligent student that I have taught. 强调唯一性、极端性。 4 先行词被特定词修饰 当先行词被 the only, the very, the same 修饰时。 You are the only friend that truly understands me. 强调排他性和特指性。 5 先行词同时包含人和物 当先行词是 “人”和“物”的并列结构 时。 We talked about the people and events that shaped history.  that  可同时指代两者。 6 在 There be 句型中 当定语从句修饰 There be 句型中作主语的名词（指人） 时。 There is a man that wants to see you. 存在句中， that  指人更常见。 7 主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句 当主句是特殊疑问句，且疑问词是who或which时，为避免重复，定语从句的关系代词通常用that，而不用与疑问词相同的who或which。 1. Who that has read the book can forget the ending?（读过这本书的人，谁能忘记它的结局？）2. Which is the car that was stolen?（哪辆车是被偷的那辆？） 核心逻辑是避免重复：• 例1：主句疑问词是 Who，从句关系代词就用 that 指人。若用“Who who has read…”则明显错误、累赘。• 例2：主句疑问词是 Which，从句关系代词就用 that 指物。若用“Which which was stolen…”则同样错误。 易｜错｜提｜醒 定语从句的简化 1. 简化为分词短语 从句为主动关系 → 现在分词： The man who is sitting by the window is my uncle. → The man sitting by the window is my uncle. 从句为被动关系 → 过去分词： The book which was written by Lu Xun is very popular. → The book written by Lu Xun is very popular. 2. 简化为不定式短语 主句含序数词、最高级或 the only, the next 等： He is the first person who has reached the top. → He is the first person to reach the top. 从句表将来或目的： I have a lot of work that I must do. → I have a lot of work to do. 3. 简化为介词短语 The boy who is in blue is my brother. → The boy in blue is my brother. 4. 简化为形容词短语 A person who is full of energy is always welcome. → A person full of energy is always welcome. ◇难点既可数又不可数名词 典例 —Why do you like to live here, Tony? —Because I love the club at ________ I meet my friends. A．that B．where C．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Tony，你为什么喜欢住在这里？——因为我喜欢这个俱乐部，在这里我会遇见我的朋友。 考查定语从句。that关系代词，指人或物；where关系副词，指地点；which关系代词，指物。根据“Because I love the club at...I meet my friends.”可知，at是介词，故此处为“介词+关系代词”结构，在此结构中，关系代词只能用which（指物）和whom（指人），这里指物。故选C。 1．This is the most exciting movie ________ I have ever seen. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 2．I think the third experiment ________ we did yesterday was fantastic. A．that B．who C．which D．whose 3．I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago. A．what B．who C．which D．that ◇题型 01 单项填空中的定语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1（2025·江苏南京·三模）But ice sculpture is not only for chefs! Today there are many artists ________ create sculptures out of ice just because they enjoy it. A．who B．whose C．which D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：但冰雕不只是厨师的专长！如今有许多艺术家，他们用冰创作雕塑，只是因为他们热爱这件事。 考查定语从句关系代词。who指代人，在从句中作主语/宾语；whose表所属关系，后接名词；which指代物，在从句中作主语/宾语；how不引导定语从句。先行词是artists，表示人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选A。 方｜法｜提｜炼 1.判断先行词属性，规避引导词匹配陷阱：定语从句引导词（关系代词/关系副词）的选择，核心是看先行词的属性（人/物/时间/地点/原因）。先行词是人，优先用who/that（作主语/宾语）、whom（仅作宾语）；先行词是物，优先用which/that；先行词是时间，用when；先行词是地点，用where；先行词是原因，用why。若选项中引导词与先行词属性不匹配，直接排除；仅特殊情况（如先行词为不定代词、最高级修饰时，只能用that）需单独记忆。 例：This is the girl ______ helped me yesterday. 选项A. which B. who C. where → 先行词the girl（人），A（修饰物）、C（修饰地点）与先行词属性不匹配，直接排除，选B。 2.区分引导词功能，避免句法功能混淆：当选项同时出现关系代词（that/which/who等）和关系副词（where/when/why等）时，根据引导词在从句中的句法功能判断：在从句中作主语、宾语，用关系代词；在从句中作状语（时间、地点、原因状语），用关系副词。若题干中从句缺少主语或宾语，排除关系副词选项；若从句不缺主语、宾语，排除关系代词选项。 例：I visited the place ______ my parents met for the first time. 选项A. which B. where C. who → 从句“my parents met for the first time”不缺主语、宾语，需用关系副词（作地点状语），A（关系代词）、C（修饰人）排除，选B。 3.结合语境与语法细节，验证选项合理性：若剩余选项难区分，结合题干语义和定语从句特殊规则判断：如that与which的区别（先行词含不定代词、最高级、序数词时，只能用that）；who与whom的区别（作主语用who，作宾语可省略或用whom）；同时检查从句主谓一致（从句谓语动词单复数与先行词保持一致）。根据规则和语境，排除不符合要求的选项，锁定正确答案。 例：This is the most interesting book ______ I have ever read. 选项A. that B. which C. who → 先行词book前有最高级most interesting，根据规则只能用that，排除B、C，选A。 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1 （2025·江苏南京·三模）The painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is an amazing artwork ________ shows the lively scenes of busy streets in Bianjing during the Northern Song Dynasty. A．which B．who C．what D．when 变式2 （2025·江苏常州·三模）The book tells the story of a girl called Mulan ________ father was too sick to fight as a soldier. A．who B．whose C．that D．which ◇题型 02 完形填空的定语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例3（2025·青海西宁·中考真题）My name is Yoyo. I am a toothbrush with 1 elephant painted on my body. Jimmy is my best friend. I want to share our story with you. Two months ago, Jimmy was a boy 2 loved candies but didn’t feel like brushing his teeth at all. His mother 3 me for him as a gift from a supermarket. He just left me on the shelf. I felt lonely and upset. However, eating too many candies caused Jimmy trouble and his mother took him to see a 4 . He was advised 5 his teeth carefully without eating any candies. From then on, Jimmy followed the advice and the two of us could meet each other every day. We went out of our way to fight 6 his decayed teeth (蛀牙). As time went on, Jimmy didn’t have a 7 any longer and came to love me. I was proud of 8 for helping him out. At present, Jimmy is ready to brush his teeth on time. I am 9 for making his teeth tidy and strong. In return, he keeps me warm and happy. As long as we take something 10 and keep on it, a good habit can be developed as expected. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 3．A．caught B．taught C．bought D．thought 4．A．nurse B．teacher C．dentist D．friend 5．A．to brush B．brushing C．brush D．to brushing 6．A．for B．with C．against D．on 7．A．headache B．toothache C．backache D．stomachache 8．A．himself B．myself C．herself D．yourself 9．A．famous B．bad C．sorry D．responsible 10．A．seriously B．easily C．normally D．deeply ◇题型 03 语法填空中的名词考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例4（2025·四川绵阳·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式 (不超过3个单词)，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。 Lily, 1 fifteen-year-old girl, manages a program at school—the Buddy Bench (同伴长椅). Students 2 feel lonely at school can go and sit on the “buddy bench”. It makes other kids know that someone needs a friend and that they should invite him or her 3 (play). Lily knows there is nothing 4 (bad) than feeling lonely. With the help of the bench, she 5 (bring) kids together and helps many shy kids make new friends. In 2017, she got the idea at a summer camp. When she 6 (go) back to school, she shared the idea with the headteacher, “I want to do it for our school because I’ve been lonely 7 (I). It’s not a good feeling and I don’t want anyone else to feel that way.” Instead of 8 (use) wood, she decided to make the bench out of bottle caps, which is good for the environment. News of the program quickly got out in different 9 (place), and Lily collected many caps from people around. 10 (recent), Lily has given away more than 200 benches to schools and parks all over the country. And there are plenty more to come. 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 句法核心：三大主从复合句（宾、定和状） 宾语从句 目 录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】宾语从句的引导词 【考点02】宾语从句的语序 【考点03】宾语从句的时态 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 【题型01】语法选择/单项填空中的宾语从句考查 【题型02】完形填空中的宾语从句考查 【题型03】语法填空的宾语从句考查 核心考向聚焦 宾语从句是中考英语语法核心考点，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯穿各地中考试卷核心题型。连接词选择、从句语序及时态呼应是考查重点，在单项选择、语法填空、句型转换中频繁出现；宾语从句的简化（疑问词+不定式）、否定前移及在书面表达中的灵活运用也有涉及，但相对比重较小，多作为综合能力考查点出现。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力：熟练掌握宾语从句三大核心要素，能根据从句类型（陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）准确选择引导词（that/if/whether/特殊疑问词），区分if与whether的用法差异；牢记“连接词+主语+谓语”的陈述语序规则，杜绝疑问语序误用；掌握时态呼应原则，即主句为现在时/将来时，从句可用任意时态，主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态，且能灵活应对客观真理的时态特殊情况。需通过规则梳理与真题演练突破核心要点。熟练运用宾语从句的简化技巧，能将疑问词引导的从句转化为“疑问词+不定式”结构，同时掌握否定前移的基本用法，在书面表达中能规范运用宾语从句丰富句式。需强化语境应用能力。 培优瓶颈：主要受中文思维干扰，忽略宾语从句的陈述语序要求，常误写为疑问语序；对if与whether的特殊用法场景记忆不牢，在介词后、or not连用及discuss后易误用if；时态呼应掌握不灵活，机械套用“主过从过”原则，忽略客观真理的时态特殊性，或未判断从句与主句动作的时间先后导致时态错误；规则记忆碎片化，无法将引导词、语序、时态三大要素结合运用，在综合题型中易失分。需强化语境判断与系统归纳记忆。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测：2026年中考中，宾语从句仍将是高频考点，命题将更侧重“规则性”与“应用性”，减少孤立的语法规则考查，转向语篇语境中的综合运用。单项选择仍以连接词选择、语序修正、时态呼应为核心；语法填空侧重引导词拼写、从句时态填空；句型转换重点考查直接引语与间接引语的互转（本质是宾语从句的转换）；书面表达将隐性考查宾语从句的灵活运用，用于表达观点、疑问等，提升句式丰富度。同时，会结合真实情境（如问路、咨询、观点表达）和简单科学话题，考查学生的语境适配能力。 策略：备考应放弃对孤立语法规则的死记硬背，转向“规则建模+语境应用”。重点训练： 1. 紧扣近三年中考真题，建立宾语从句错题本，按“引导词误用、语序错误、时态错误”分类整理，标注错误原因，强化在完形填空、语法填空等题型中结合语境判断用法的能力。 2. 系统梳理三大核心要素的关联规则，熟记if与whether的特殊用法、时态呼应的例外情况，专项练习语序修正、时态匹配类题型，总结“先判引导词、再核时态、最后查语序”的解题步骤。 3. 强化书面表达应用训练，刻意运用宾语从句丰富句式，结合问路、咨询、表达观点等真实场景，练习“疑问词+不定式”与宾语从句的灵活转换，提升句式规范性与丰富度。 ◇考点 01 宾语从句的引导词 引导词分三类，需根据句意和句式选择： 1.that：无词义，不充当句子成分，仅起连接作用，口语/非正式文体中可省略。 I hope (that it will snow this winter 我希望今年冬天会下雪。 I believe (that) we shall become good friends.我相信我们会成为好朋友。 2.if/whether：均表“是否”，不充当句子成分；仅用whether的情况：句末有or not、介词后、to do前。 He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not. 他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。 He asks whether / if we will go fishing on Sunday, 他问周日我们是否会去钓鱼。 3.WH-疑问词（what/who/where/when/why/how等）：需在从句中充当成分（主语、宾语、状语等），根据句意选择。 They couldn't believe what they heard on the news.他们简直不敢相信从新闻中听到的消息。 Could you please tell me what time the train leaves?你能告诉我火车什么时候出发吗？ The old man doesn’t remember who I am.老人不记得我是谁了。 易｜错｜提｜醒 if与 whether引导宾语从句时用法区别： 1). whether 跟 or not连用,而if则不能跟or not连用。例如： He asks whether you can come or not. 2). whether用于引导介词后面的宾语从句, 而if 则不能。 They are talking about whether they can help us. 3). 宾语从句在主句前面时，只能用whether引导。例如： Whether he has passed the exam, I don`t know.他是否通过考试，我不清楚 4). 在动词不定式前只能用whether引导而不能用 if. 例如： We haven`t decided whether to go shopping. 5). if 可引导条件状语从句, 而whether则不能。 You`ll have a great time if you come.（本句为导条件状语从句，不能使用whether引导） ◇难点引导词if和whether 典例 （2025·湖北襄阳·一模）—I wonder if Li Hua ______ to the party tomorrow. —I think she will come if she ______ free. A．comes; is B．will come; is C．comes; will be D．will come; will be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道李华明天是否来参加聚会。——我认为如果她有空，她会来。 考查动词的时态辨析。if意为“是否”时，引导宾语从句，时态规则为主过从过，主现从不限，主句为一般现在时，第一空处表示明天要发生的动作，用一般将来时；if意为“如果”时，引导条件状语从句，时态规则为主将从现，从句用一般现在时态表将来，第二空用一般现在时态。故选B。 1．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）The two-hour documentary describes _________ in the future. A．how Suzhou will be like B．what will Suzhou be like C．how Suzhou will be D．what Suzhou will like 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这部两小时的纪录片描述了苏州未来会是什么样子。 考查宾语从句。how Suzhou will be like中“how”与“be like”搭配不当；what will Suzhou be like，使用了疑问句语序，错误；how Suzhou will be，用于询问事物状态，且使用了陈述语序；what Suzhou will like中“like”为动词，意为“喜欢”，不符合语境，所以C项符合。故选C。 2．（2025·广东汕头·三模）—Do you know ________ in the PE test? —By practicing every day. A．when he got good grades B．when did he get good grades C．how he got good grades D．how does he get good grades 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道他在体育考试中如何取得好成绩的吗？——通过每天练习。 考查宾语从句辨析。when he got good grades他什么时候取得好成绩；when did he get good grades他什么时候取得好成绩，疑问语序；how he got good grades他如何取得好成绩；how does he get good grades他如何取得好成绩，疑问语序。根据答语“By practicing every day.”可知，提问方式用how；宾语从句需用陈述语序，C选项符合语境。故选C。 3．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）—Could you tell me ________? —For a week. A．how soon he will come back B．how long have they been in Hong Kong C．how long I can keep the book D．how often do you practise baseball 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我这本书我能借多长时间吗？——一周。 考查宾语从句。根据“For a week”可知，表示某事持续的时间长度，因此问题部分应使用 how long引导宾语从句，来询问“某事持续多久”，故排除A和D选项；宾语从句应用陈述语序，选项B为疑问语序。故选C。 ◇考点 02 宾语从句的语序 无论是that，whether / if还是特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句语序均使用陈述语序：即“引导 词+主语+谓语+其他”，情态动词/助动词不能置于主语前（如：Could you tell me where the bank is? 而非where is the bank?）。 特殊例外：引导词本身作主语时，语序为“引导词+谓语+其他”，常见句型有what's wrong/what's the matter/what happened等。 He asked what was wrong with me.他不知道我们几天前来到了这里。 ◇难点引导词在宾语从句中作主语 典例 1．—I’m new here. Could you tell me ________? —Certainly. No.20 Bus will take you there. A．which is the way to the park B．when the park opens C．how far is the park 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我是新来的。你能告诉我去公园的路吗？——当然可以。20路公交车会带你去那里。 考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me ...”可知，空处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除C选项；结合“No.20 Bus will take you there”可知，问句是问去公园的路，A选项符合。故选A。 1．—It’s my turn to give a speech next Tuesday, but I’m not sure ___________. —I think you can talk about Chinese traditional festivals. A．what can I talk about B．what I will talk about C．when I can talk about 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——下周二轮到我做演讲了，但是我还不确定我将谈论什么。——-我认为你可以谈论中国的传统节日。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A；根据“You can talk about Chinese traditional festivals”可知，此处询问谈论什么，故选B。 2．—I am interested in Harbin’s local culture. Could you tell me ________? —Central Street would be a wonderful place. A．where can I travel B．where I can travel C．how I can go to Central Street 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我对哈尔滨的地方文化很感兴趣。你能告诉我我可以去哪里旅行吗？——中央大街会是个好地方。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句的语序，排除A；根据“Central Street would be a wonderful place.”可知，这里用where引导的宾语从句。故选B。 3．—I’m sorry to hear the news of the plane crash. —So am I. I wondered ______. A．what was wrong with the plane B．when would we know the cause C．what causes the accident 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——听到飞机失事的消息我很难过。——我也是。我想知道飞机出了什么问题。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句需用陈述句语序（主语+谓语），排除B（疑问语序）；主句“I wondered”是一般过去时，C项时态错误（一般现在时与事故已发生的语境矛盾）。A项符合陈述语序且时态正确（过去时），故选A。 ◇考点 03 宾语从句的时态 时态遵循“主从呼应”原则，特殊情况例外： 1.主现从随：主句为一般现在时，从句时态根据实际语境选择（一般现在/过去/将来时等）。 He doesn`t know we came here few days ago.他不知道我们几天前就来过这里了。 2.主过从必过：主句为一般过去时，从句需用过去相关时态（一般过去时/过去进行时/过去将来时等）。 Bob asked whether we would go to see him.鲍勃问我们是否会去看他。 Jane said that she had left for Guiyang . 简说她已经动身去贵阳了。 3. 特殊情况： 从句表客观事实、普遍真理，用一般现在时 The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。 易｜错｜提｜醒 注意： 1. could / would只是表示客气、委婉语气，并非过去式，因此宾语从句的时态要根据实际需要使用不同时态。例如： Could you please tell me where I can deposit my bag? Would you like to know when we will go on a trip ? 2. 当主句的谓语动词是ask时，引导词（连词）不能用that；主句的谓语动词是say时，引导词用that。例如： He says (that) he will help me. Tim said (that) he would help me. My head teacher asks whether I like here. You may ask the police-man how you can get to the police station . ◇难点特殊情况 典例 —Could you tell me ________? —Sure. She lives on the second floor. A.where does she live B．where she lives C．where did she live D．where she lived 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我她住在哪里吗？——当然。她住在二楼。 考查宾语从句。根据问句“—Could you tell me...?”可知，此处是宾语从句，在宾语从句中，需要用陈述语序，所以可以先排除疑问语序的“where does she live”和“where did she live”；根据答句“She lives on the second floor.”可知，句子描述的是现在的居住情况，时态为一般现在时，因此从句也应用一般现在时，“where she lived”是一般过去时，不符合语境，选项B“where she lives”符合陈述语序和时态要求。故选B。 1．—Tina, could you tell me ________? —I borrowed it from the city library. A．where you get the novel B．where do you get the novel C．where you got the novel D．where did you get the novel 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——蒂娜，你能告诉我你从哪里得到这本小说的吗？ ——我从市图书馆借的。 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除B和D；根据答语“I borrowed it from the city library.”可知，“获得小说”的动作发生在过去，所以宾语从句需用一般过去时，排除A。故选C。 2．The teacher told us that the earth ________ around the sun. A．went B．goes C．is going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。    考查动词时态。went过去式；goes一般现在时第三人称单数形式；is going现在进行时。根据“The teacher told us that the earth ... around the sun.” 可知 ，在宾语从句中，若从句内容是客观事实或普遍真理，无论主句时态如何，从句都用一般现在时，“地球绕太阳转”是公认的客观真理，不受主句“told”影响，需用一般现在时。故选B。 3．—One of the 24 solar terms—Grain in Ear is coming soon. —That’s true. But could you tell me ________? A．what does this solar term mean B．that it will fall on the fifth of June this year C．whether it was the 9th of the 24 solar terms D．if it marks crops are waiting to be harvested 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——二十四节气之一——芒种即将到来。——确实如此。但你能告诉我，这是否标志着作物已经成熟，正在等待收割吗？ 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除A；对话中“could you tell me”需要表达疑问，而that引导的从句表示陈述，需排除B；节气顺序是固定事实，需用一般现在时“is”，而非过去时“was”，需排除选项C。故选D。 ◇题型 01 单项填空中的宾语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1—Could you tell me _____ you will do this weekend? I want to plan a trip with you. —I’m not sure yet. Maybe I’ll visit my grandparents in the countryside. A．where B．why C．what D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我这个周末你将做什么吗？我想和你计划一次旅行。——我还不确定。也许我会去乡下看望我的祖父母。 考查宾语从句引导词。where（在）哪里；why为什么；what什么；which哪一个。根据答句“Maybe I’ll visit my grandparents in the countryside.”可知，我会去乡下看望我的祖父母，所以问句询问的是“做什么”，应用what 提问。故选C。 方｜法｜提｜炼 1.判断引导词，规避连接词陷阱：宾语从句引导词需根据从句类型精准选择，陈述句用that（可省略），一般疑问句用if/whether（表“是否”），特殊疑问句用对应的特殊疑问词（what/who/where等）。若选项中引导词与从句类型不匹配，直接排除；注意if与whether的特殊区别：介词后、or not连用、discuss后只能用whether，若题干出现这些场景，排除if选项（如题干有“or not”，选项含if直接排除）。示例：I don’t know ______ he will come or not. 选项A. if B. whether C. that，因有or not，排除A、C，选B。 2.核对从句语序，避免疑问语序误用：宾语从句必须用“连接词+主语+谓语”的陈述语序，禁止用疑问语序（即连接词后不能直接跟助动词/情态动词）。若选项中从句为疑问语序（如what is he doing），直接排除；即使从句是特殊疑问句，也要调整为陈述语序（正确为what he is doing）。示例：Could you tell me ______? 选项A. where is the bank B. where the bank is C. where was the bank，A、C均为疑问语序，排除，选B。 3.匹配主从句时态，杜绝时态混乱：遵循“时态呼应”原则，主句为一般现在时/一般将来时，从句可根据句意用任意时态；主句为一般过去时，从句需用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时等）；若从句描述客观真理、永恒事实，无论主句时态如何，从句均用一般现在时。若选项中时态与主句不呼应（非客观真理场景），直接排除。示例：He said that he ______ to Beijing yesterday. 选项A. go B. goes C. went，主句said为一般过去时，从句需用过去时，排除A、B，选C。 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1 We wanted to know ________. A．when will the exam begin B．when the exam will begin C．when would the exam begin D．when the exam would begin 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们想知道考试什么时候开始。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句遵循“主过从必过”的原则，本句主句中的“wanted”是一般过去式，所以从句中的will也要用过去式would，排除AB；宾语从句要使用陈述语序，所以主语the exam在前，动词would在后。故选D。 变式2 —What did your mother say on the phone?   —She asked ________. A．when I would go back B．when did you go back C．when will I go back 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你妈妈在电话里说了什么？——她问我什么时候回去。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。根据“She asked...”可知，此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除B；主句是一般过去时，从句需用过去的某种时态，排除C。故选A。 ◇题型 02 完形填空中的宾语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例2Time is very important in our life. However, I had never realized it until I 1 a beautiful watch from my father one day when I was 19 years old. This watch always tells me the importance of time in my life. It was a cold rainy day. My father asked me to go to the airport to 2 my uncle and take him home. I should arrive there before 4:30 p.m. We had a basketball match at school that afternoon and the match was very exciting. When the match was nearly over, I suddenly remembered my uncle and 3 to the airport. It was too late. He had left the airport and taken a taxi to our house. I was very worried that my father would be angry with me. 4 I entered the living room, I saw my uncle on the sofa, looking very tired. I didn’t dare to look at my uncle and my father. I said hello to them in a very low voice. My father didn’t say anything. 5 , he asked me to sit next to him. “Peter, did you have a good time today?” He was very strict but his voice was still calm. I felt so sorry and answered in an even 6 voice. “Yes, Dad, but I’m really sorry about not picking up my uncle. This will never happen again. I promise.” My father handed me a box with a beautiful watch inside. It was a 7 my uncle bought for him. He gave it to me and said, “I hope you have learned 8 important today, and this watch will help you remember the importance of time.” The watch has been with me for twelve years. I wear it not because of its price, but because of 9 I have learned from it. It tells me to 10 time and never be late for what I have promised to do. 1．A．received B．took C．brought D．prevented 2．A．put up B．pick up C．show up D．turn up 3．A．moved B．turned C．hurried D．flew 4．A．As soon as B．As long as C．Even though D．As if 5．A．Instead of B．Except C．Instead D．But 6．A．lower B．higher C．louder D．sweeter 7．A．present B．toy C．tool D．clock 8．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 9．A．where B．what C．who D．which 10．A．respect B．waste C．forget D．leave 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 【解析】本文讲述作者因看球赛耽误接叔叔，父亲送他手表并教导珍惜时间，这块手表让他终生谨记守时的重要性。 1．句意：然而，直到我19岁的一天收到父亲送的一块漂亮手表，我才意识到这一点。 received收到；took拿走；brought带来；prevented阻止。根据“a beautiful watch from my father”可知，此处指从父亲那里得到并收下这块手表，是被动接收礼物的含义，故选A。 2．句意：父亲让我去机场接我的叔叔并带他回家。 put up张贴；pick up接人；show up出现；turn up调大。根据“go to the airport...my uncle”可知，此处指前往机场接人，故选B。 3．句意：当比赛快结束时，我突然想起了我的叔叔并匆忙赶往机场。 moved移动；turned转向；hurried匆忙；flew飞。根据“It was too late.”可知，此处指因为时间紧迫而快速、急忙地前往机场，故选C。 4．句意：我一进入客厅，就看见叔叔坐在沙发上，看起来很疲惫。 As soon as一……就；As long as只要；Even though尽管；As if好像。根据“I entered the living room, I saw my uncle”可知，此处表示两个动作紧接着发生，强调时间上的紧接关系，用As soon as引导时间状语从句，故选A。 5．句意：父亲什么也没说，反而让我坐在他旁边。 Instead of代替，后接名词/动名词；Except除了；Instead反而，副词；But但是。根据“didn’t say anything”和“he asked me to sit next to him”可知，此处表示转折关系，且单独在句中作状语，表达相反的行为，Instead符合语境，故选C。 6．句意：我感到非常抱歉，用更低的声音回答。 lower更低的；higher更高的；louder更大声的；sweeter更甜的。根据“I said hello to them in a very low voice.”和“felt so sorry”可知，此处指因为愧疚，声音比之前还要小，故选A。 7．句意：这是叔叔给父亲买的礼物。 present礼物；toy玩具；tool工具；clock时钟。根据“my uncle bought for him”和后文父亲转送给我可知，此处指亲人之间相互赠送的礼品，故选A。 8．句意：我希望你今天学到了重要的东西。 anything任何事，用于否定/疑问句；nothing没有什么；something某事，用于肯定句；everything一切。根据“I hope you have learned...important today”可知，此处用于肯定句中表达不确定的某件重要事物，用something，故选C。 9．句意：我戴着它不是因为它的价格，而是因为我从中学到的东西。 where哪里；what什么；who谁；which哪一个。根据“have learned from it”可知，此处引导宾语从句并在从句中作learned的宾语，指代学到的内容与道理，故选B。 10．句意：它告诉我要尊重时间，并且做承诺过的事绝不要迟到。 respect尊重；waste浪费；forget忘记；leave离开。根据“the importance of time”和“never be late”可知，此处指重视、珍惜并遵守时间，不随意浪费，故选A。 方｜法｜提｜练 步骤1：结合语境，判断从句类型及引导词方向 完形填空的宾语从句，引导词选择需依托上下文语义，先判断从句类型（陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句），再锁定引导词范围。若从句是陈述事实，引导词用that（可省略）；若表“是否”，用if/whether；若从句是特殊疑问，用对应的特殊疑问词（what/who/where/when等）。 例：• 语境：She asked me ______ I had seen her lost notebook.（她问我是否见过她丢失的笔记本）→ 从句表“是否”，引导词用if/whether • 语境：He told me ______ he would go to the park with his friends.（他告诉我他要和朋友去公园）→ 从句是陈述句，引导词用that（可省略） 步骤2：核对从句语序，排除语序错误选项 宾语从句必须遵循“连接词+主语+谓语”的陈述语序，完形填空的干扰项常设置疑问语序（连接词后直接跟助动词/情态动词），可直接排除此类选项，缩小选择范围。 • 语序规则：无论从句原本是一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句，均需调整为陈述语序，助动词/情态动词需放在主语之后。 例：• 错误：I don’t know where is he. → 正确：I don’t know where he is.（特殊疑问句调整为陈述语序） • 语境完形示例：I wondered ______ the train would arrive. 选项A. when will B. when would C. when it would → A、B均为疑问语序，直接排除，选C。 步骤3：结合主句时态+上下文逻辑，匹配从句时态 遵循“时态呼应”核心原则，同时结合完形上下文的时间线索，判断从句时态，避免时态混乱，确保语义连贯。 • 时态规则： 1. 主句为一般现在时/一般将来时，从句可根据上下文语义，用任意时态（一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等）。 2. 主句为一般过去时，从句需用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时等）。 3. 从句描述客观真理、永恒事实时，无论主句时态如何，从句均用一般现在时。 例：• 语境：He said that he ______ (finish) his homework already.（他说他已经完成作业了）→ 主句said为一般过去时，从句表“过去的过去”，用过去完成时had finished • 语境：Our teacher told us that the earth ______ (go) around the sun.（老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转）→ 从句是客观真理，用一般现在时goes ◇题型 03 语法填空填空的宾语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例3Time is very important in our life. However, I had never realized it until I 1 a beautiful watch from my father one day when I was 19 years old. This watch always tells me the importance of time in my life. It was a cold rainy day. My father asked me to go to the airport to 2 my uncle and take him home. I should arrive there before 4:30 p.m. We had a basketball match at school that afternoon and the match was very exciting. When the match was nearly over, I suddenly remembered my uncle and 3 to the airport. It was too late. He had left the airport and taken a taxi to our house. I was very worried that my father would be angry with me. 4 I entered the living room, I saw my uncle on the sofa, looking very tired. I didn’t dare to look at my uncle and my father. I said hello to them in a very low voice. My father didn’t say anything. 5 , he asked me to sit next to him. “Peter, did you have a good time today?” He was very strict but his voice was still calm. I felt so sorry and answered in an even 6 voice. “Yes, Dad, but I’m really sorry about not picking up my uncle. This will never happen again. I promise.” My father handed me a box with a beautiful watch inside. It was a 7 my uncle bought for him. He gave it to me and said, “I hope you have learned 8 important today, and this watch will help you remember the importance of time.” The watch has been with me for twelve years. I wear it not because of its price, but because of 9 I have learned from it. It tells me to 10 time and never be late for what I have promised to do. 1．A．received B．took C．brought D．prevented 2．A．put up B．pick up C．show up D．turn up 3．A．moved B．turned C．hurried D．flew 4．A．As soon as B．As long as C．Even though D．As if 5．A．Instead of B．Except C．Instead D．But 6．A．lower B．higher C．louder D．sweeter 7．A．present B．toy C．tool D．clock 8．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 9．A．where B．what C．who D．which 10．A．respect B．waste C．forget D．leave 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 【解析】本文讲述作者因看球赛耽误接叔叔，父亲送他手表并教导珍惜时间，这块手表让他终生谨记守时的重要性。 1．句意：然而，直到我19岁的一天收到父亲送的一块漂亮手表，我才意识到这一点。 received收到；took拿走；brought带来；prevented阻止。根据“a beautiful watch from my father”可知，此处指从父亲那里得到并收下这块手表，是被动接收礼物的含义，故选A。 2．句意：父亲让我去机场接我的叔叔并带他回家。 put up张贴；pick up接人；show up出现；turn up调大。根据“go to the airport...my uncle”可知，此处指前往机场接人，故选B。 3．句意：当比赛快结束时，我突然想起了我的叔叔并匆忙赶往机场。 moved移动；turned转向；hurried匆忙；flew飞。根据“It was too late.”可知，此处指因为时间紧迫而快速、急忙地前往机场，故选C。 4．句意：我一进入客厅，就看见叔叔坐在沙发上，看起来很疲惫。 As soon as一……就；As long as只要；Even though尽管；As if好像。根据“I entered the living room, I saw my uncle”可知，此处表示两个动作紧接着发生，强调时间上的紧接关系，用As soon as引导时间状语从句，故选A。 5．句意：父亲什么也没说，反而让我坐在他旁边。 Instead of代替，后接名词/动名词；Except除了；Instead反而，副词；But但是。根据“didn’t say anything”和“he asked me to sit next to him”可知，此处表示转折关系，且单独在句中作状语，表达相反的行为，Instead符合语境，故选C。 6．句意：我感到非常抱歉，用更低的声音回答。 lower更低的；higher更高的；louder更大声的；sweeter更甜的。根据“I said hello to them in a very low voice.”和“felt so sorry”可知，此处指因为愧疚，声音比之前还要小，故选A。 7．句意：这是叔叔给父亲买的礼物。 present礼物；toy玩具；tool工具；clock时钟。根据“my uncle bought for him”和后文父亲转送给我可知，此处指亲人之间相互赠送的礼品，故选A。 8．句意：我希望你今天学到了重要的东西。 anything任何事，用于否定/疑问句；nothing没有什么；something某事，用于肯定句；everything一切。根据“I hope you have learned...important today”可知，此处用于肯定句中表达不确定的某件重要事物，用something，故选C。 9．句意：我戴着它不是因为它的价格，而是因为我从中学到的东西。 where哪里；what什么；who谁；which哪一个。根据“have learned from it”可知，此处引导宾语从句并在从句中作learned的宾语，指代学到的内容与道理，故选B。 10．句意：它告诉我要尊重时间，并且做承诺过的事绝不要迟到。 respect尊重；waste浪费；forget忘记；leave离开。根据“the importance of time”和“never be late”可知，此处指重视、珍惜并遵守时间，不随意浪费，故选A。 方｜法｜提｜练 步骤 1：判断从句属性（确定是否为宾语从句） 宾语从句的核心是 “充当宾语”，先锁定空格前的谓语动词 / 介词，判断空格后句子是否充当该动词 / 介词的宾语，以此确定是宾语从句。 谓语动词后接宾语从句（常见动词：say, know, think, believe, hope, find, wonder, ask, tell 等）； 介词后接宾语从句（常见介词：in, on, about, of, for, after 等）； 例：・He said ______ he would come.（said 是谓语动词，空格后句子充当 said 的宾语 → 宾语从句）；・I am thinking about ______ we should do next.（about 是介词，空格后句子充当 about 的宾语 → 宾语从句） 步骤 2：确定引导词（核心步骤） 结合宾语从句的句意和句子结构，分 3 种情况选择引导词，覆盖中考所有考法： 从句是陈述句（句意完整、不缺成分）：引导词用 that（可省略，语法填空常考 “省略 that” 或 “填写 that”）； 例：She told me (that) she ______ (finish) her homework.（从句是陈述句，句意完整，可填 that 或不填） 从句是一般疑问句（句意表 “是否”）：引导词用 if/whether（两者可互换，注意：whether 可与 or not 连用，if 不可）； 例：I don’t know if/whether he ______ (come) tomorrow.（从句是一般疑问句，表 “是否”，用 if/whether） 从句是特殊疑问句（句意含特殊疑问词）：引导词直接用从句中的特殊疑问词（what, who, when, where, how, why, which 等），且从句需用 “陈述语序”； 例：Could you tell me where we ______ (meet) tomorrow?（从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用 where，从句用陈述语序） 步骤 3：确定从句时态（中考高频考点） 宾语从句的时态需与主句时态保持一致，遵循 3 大规则，语法填空重点考时态变形： 主句是一般现在时：从句可根据句意用任意时态（一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在完成等）； 例：I know he ______ (play) football every day.（主句一般现在时，从句表经常性动作，用一般现在时 plays）；I know he ______ (play) football yesterday.（主句一般现在时，从句表过去动作，用一般过去时 played） 主句是一般过去时：从句需用过去相关时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）； 例：He said he ______ (go) to Beijing the next day.（主句一般过去时，从句表过去将来，用 would go）；She told me she ______ (be) reading a book at that time.（主句一般过去时，从句表过去进行，用 was reading） 从句是客观真理、永恒事实：无论主句是什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时； 例：Our teacher told us that the earth ______ (go) around the sun.（从句是客观真理，用一般现在时 goes） 步骤 4：验证语法与语义合理性 宾语从句语法填空需同时满足 “语法正确” 和 “语义连贯”，重点验证 3 点： 引导词与从句类型匹配（陈述句用 that，一般疑问句用 if/whether，特殊疑问句用对应疑问词）； 从句用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后，避免出现 “疑问语序”）； ❌ I don’t know where is he. → ✅ I don’t know where he is.（从句用陈述语序） 时态、主谓一致正确（从句时态与主句匹配，从句谓语动词单复数与从句主语一致）； 例：He asked me what my favorite subject ______ (be).（主句过去时，从句主语 my favorite subject 是单数，用 was，语义、语法均正确） 中考高频考点总结 引导词考法：陈述句填 that（可省略）；一般疑问句填 if/whether；特殊疑问句填对应疑问词（what/who/when 等）； 时态考法（重中之重）：主句过去时→从句用过去相关时态；客观真理→一般现在时；主句现在时→从句任意时态； 语序考法：从句必须用陈述语序（语法填空不考疑问语序，重点避免写错语序导致的时态变形错误）； 高频变形：从句谓语动词变形（结合时态、主谓一致），如 go→goes/went/would go，be→is/was/are/were； 易错点：if/whether 辨析（只有 whether 可接 or not）；that 的省略（谓语动词后可省，介词后不可省）。 状语从句 目 录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】时间状语从句 【考点02】条件状语从句 【考点03】让步状语从句 【考点04】原因状语从句 【考点05】目的状语从句 【考点06】结果状语从句 【考点07】方式状语从句 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 【题型01】语法选择/单项填空中的状语从句考查 【题型02】完形填空中的状语从句考查 【题型03】语法填空的状语从句考查 核心考向聚焦 各类状语从句引导词的辨析及用法是考查重点，在各地中考中频繁出现，覆盖单项选择、语法填空、完形填空等核心题型，其中时间、条件、原因状语从句考频最高。状语从句的时态呼应、主句与从句的逻辑关系判断、特殊引导词（如while/as/since）的辨析及语境应用也有涉及，但相对比重较小，多作为综合能力考查点。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力：掌握时间（ile/as）、条件（if/unless）、原因（because/since/as）、结果（so...that...）、目的（so that/in order that）等高频状语从句的引导词用法，能根据上下文逻辑准确选择引导词；牢记状语从句的时态呼应规则（如主将从现、主过从过），能结合语境判断从句时态；熟练区分近义引导词（如when与while、because与since）的用法差异，掌握其适用场景。需通过规则梳理与语境演练突破核心要点。熟练在语篇中运用状语从句，能结合上下文判断引导词、修正时态错误，提升语篇理解与表达的连贯性。需强化语篇应用能力。 培优瓶颈：主要受中文思维干扰，混淆近义引导词的用法（如用when修饰延续性动词、用because回答why提问时叠加so），忽略引导词的适用场景限制；对时态呼应规则记忆不牢，尤其是“主将从现”的灵活运用失误，易出现主句与从句时态矛盾；规则记忆碎片化，无法将引导词选择、时态呼应、逻辑关系结合运用，在综合语篇题型中易失分。需强化语境判断与系统归类记忆。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测：2026年中考中，状语从句仍将是高频考点，命题将更侧重“语境化”与“综合性”，减少孤立的语法规则考查，转向语篇语境中的灵活应用。单项选择仍以引导词辨析、时态呼应为核心；语法填空侧重引导词拼写、从句谓语动词变形；完形填空侧重结合上下文选择合适的引导词，兼顾时态呼应与逻辑关系；书面表达将隐性考查状语从句的规范运用，用于衔接句子、表达逻辑关系，提升语篇流畅度。同时，会结合真实情境（如时间安排、条件假设、原因解释），考查学生的语境适配能力，近义引导词的辨析仍将是命题重点。 策略：备考应放弃对孤立语法规则的死记硬背，转向 “规则建模+语篇应用” 。重点训练： 1. 紧扣近三年中考真题，建立状语从句错题本，按“引导词误用、时态错误、逻辑关系混淆”分类整理，标注错误原因，强化在完形填空、语法填空等题型中结合语境判断用法的能力。 2. 系统梳理各类状语从句的引导词及时态规则，熟记近义引导词的用法差异（如while接延续性动词、when可接延续性/非延续性动词），专项练习引导词辨析、时态匹配类题型，总结“先判逻辑关系、再选引导词、最后核时态”的解题步骤。 3. 强化书面表达应用训练，刻意运用状语从句衔接句子、表达逻辑，结合时间安排、条件假设等真实场景，练习状语从句与简单句的灵活转换，提升句式规范性与语篇连贯性。 ◇考点 01 时间状语从句 连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句 when “当……时”；引导的从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用短暂性动词 He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came. while “正当……时；正在……时”；引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时 While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework. as “当……时”；表示一件事情正在发生，另一件事情也在进行中 Just as I was leaving the house, the phone rang. after “在……之后”；表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后 People will get to know the advantages of your product after they use it. before “在……之前”；表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前 Turn off the lights before you leave the room. until/till “直到……为止”；常用在“not…until…”结构中，表示“直到……才……” The boy didn't stop running until he reached the finishing line. since “自……以来”；主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时 We have been good friends since we entered the same high school. as soon as “一……就……”；引导的从句常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 I will give you a callas soon as I arrive home. whenever “在任何……时候；无论何时”；引导的从句常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 Whenever we're in trouble， they'll help us. 易｜错｜提｜醒 时间状语从句的时态搭配 规则一：主将从现：当主句是将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来： I will call you when I arrive.（我到达时会给你打电话。） He will help you if he has time.（如果有时间他会帮你。） 例外：when引导名词性从句时可用将来时 I don't know when he will come.（我不知道他什么时候会来。→ 宾语从句） 规则二：主过从过：当主句是过去时，时间状语从句通常也用过去时： He was reading when I entered.（我进来时他正在读书。） When he was young, he lived in Beijing.（他年轻时住在北京。） 规则三：since从句的时态：since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have known him since we were children.（我们从小时候就认识了。） ◇难点时态不一致 典例 —Why didn’t you go to bed early last night? —I had to wait ________ my brother came back. He was caught in the rain. A．while B．till C．because D．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你昨晚为什么不早点睡觉？——我必须等到我哥哥回来。他被雨淋湿了。 考查连词辨析。while当……的时候；till直到……才……；because因为；unless除非。根据“I had to wait”和“my brother came back”的语境可知，强调等待动作持续到“哥哥回来”这一时间点结束，需用表示“直到……才……”的时间连词。故选B。 1．—Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting? —He rushed out of the classroom ________ I could say a word. A．before B．after C．while 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你为什么没告诉他关于会议的事？——我还来不及说话他就冲出了教室。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；after在……之后；while当……时。根据“He rushed out of the classroom…I could say a word.”可知，回答者解释未告知会议的原因是对方动作太快，在“我”能说话前就已离开教室，强调时间先后顺序，需用before表示。故选A。 2．Tony was drawing a picture ______ I was doing my homework. A．if B．while C．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我正在做作业时，托尼正在画画。 考查连词辨析。if如果；while当……时候；until直到……为止。根据“Tony was drawing a picture...I was doing my homework.”可知，从句的动作和主句动作同时发生，所以用while引导时间状语从句。故选B。 3．The host was waiting at the gate________ his guests arrived. A．after B．when C．unless D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：客人到达时，主人正在门口等候。 考查连词辨析题。 after在……之后；when当……时；unless除非；if如果。根据“The host was waiting at the gate... his guests arrived.”可知，此处表示当客人到达时，主人正在门口等待，when符合主人等待的动作在客人到达的时刻正在发生的语境。故选B。 ◇考点 02 条件状语从句 连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句 if “如果”；从句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时 If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. unless “如果不;除非”；unless可以转化为if…not…结构。主从句时态与if用法一致 Unless you get enough sleep every night, you will not remember things well. as long as “只要”；主从句时态与if用法一致 As long as you tell me the truth, I'll try to help you. 条件状语从句的时态规则 （1）主将从现：主句将来时，从句一般现在时 If he comes, I will tell him.（如果他来，我会告诉他。） （2）主情从现：主句情态动词，从句一般现在时 If you work hard, you can succeed.（如果你努力工作，你能成功。） （3）主祈从现：主句祈使句，从句一般现在时 If you see him, tell him to call me.（如果你见到他，告诉他给我打电话。） 易｜错｜提｜醒 条件状语从句可以简化为： Without air, we could not live.（如果没有空气，我们不能生存。） = If there were no air, we could not live. ◇难点条件状语从句的时态 典例 You won’t be successful ________ you don’t try your best to do something. A．or B．if C．unless D．although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你不尽力做某事，你就不会成功。 考查连词辨析。or或者；if如果；unless除非；although虽然。根据句意，句子表达条件关系，即“如果不尽力，就不会成功”。if 引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，符合句意。故选B。 1．We will go out for a picnic ________ it rains tomorrow. A．if B．when C．unless D．until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：除非明天下雨，否则我们将出去野餐。 考查连词辨析。if如果；when当……时；unless除非；until直到。根据语境，后句“it rains tomorrow”是前句“go out for a picnic”的否定条件，表示“如果不下雨就去”。故选C。 2．—We play better as a team now and our coach believes we will win. —There is no difficulty that we cannot get over ________ we bring together as one. A．even if B．so that C．as long as 【答案】C 【详解】——我们现在团队合作更出色了，教练相信我们会赢。——只要我们团结一心，就没有克服不了的困难。 考查连词辨析。even if即使（引导让步状语从句，表“尽管……”）；so that：以便，为了（引导目的状语从句）；as long as：只要（引导条件状语从句，表“只要……就……”）。根据“There is no difficulty that we cannot get over”和“we bring together as one.”可知，只要团结一心，就没有克服不了的困难。故选C。 3．We will never know what goal we can achieve ________ we try our best. A．because B．unless C．but D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：除非我们尽力，否则我们永远不知道我们能实现什么目标。 考查连词辨析。because因为；unless除非；but但是；if如果。根据“we try our best”可知，是前一句的否定条件，除非尽力否则不知道能实现什么目标，故选B。 ◇考点 03 让步状语从句 连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句 though/although “虽然；尽管”；两者可互换使用，都可以与 yet 连用,不能与 but 连用 I can look after myself，although it won't be easy for me. even if/even though 即使；尽管；虽然 Even if it is rainy today， they still attend the football training. whether “不管”；常用于句型“whether…or not”与“whether…or”中 Whether or not we're successful, we can be sure that we did our best. whatever “无论什么”；相当于 no matter what Whatever you want to be， you need to work hard to achieve it. whenever “无论何时”；相当于no matter when Whenever I try to read this book， I feel happy. ◇难点although的用法 典例 —That young man must have something to do with the crime, right? —I suppose so, ________ he said that he didn’t do anything against the law. A．if B．when C．although D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——那个年轻人一定和这个犯罪有关，对吗？——我想是的，尽管他说他没做任何违法的事。 考查连词辨析。if如果；when当……时候；although尽管；because因为。根据语境可知，此处是在描述尽管年轻人声称自己没有违法，但说话者仍然认为他与犯罪有关，所以应该用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。 1．We should never stop learning ________ AI like Deep Seek has helped us a lot. A．so that B．even though C．as soon as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们永远都不应该停止学习，尽管像DeepSeek这样的人工智能已经帮了我们很多。 考查从属连词辨析。so that以便，引导目的状语从句；even though尽管，引导让步状语从句；as soon as一……就，引导时间状语从句。句中“We should never stop learning”与“AI like Deep Seek has helped us a lot.”存在让步关系可知，表示即便人工智能给我们提供了很多帮助，我们也不能停止学习，应用even though。故选B。 2．You must remember ________ you do, you should be serious about it. A．no matter what B．no matter how C．no matter where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你必须记住，无论你做什么，你都应该认真对待。 考查no matter+疑问词引导让步状语从句。no matter what无论什么，后接从句；no matter how无论如何，后接形容词或副词；no matter where无论哪里。根据“you should be serious about it.”可知，此处强调无论做什么事情都要认真。故选A。 3．The Internet makes our lives more convenient. We can buy things ________ we don’t take money with us. A．ever since B．so that C．even if 【答案】C 【详解】句意：互联网让我们的生活更便捷。我们可以买东西，即使没带钱。 考查连词辨析。ever since自从；so that以便，为了；even if即使，尽管。根据“We can buy things … we don’t take money with us.”可知，前后句为让步关系，用even if引导让步状语从句。故选C。 ◇考点 04 原因状语从句 连词 含义及用法 例句 because “因为”；常用来回答由why引导的一般疑问句；不能与so连用 I'd like to join the Music Club because I can play the piano. since “因为;既然”；语气比because弱 Since we have already grown up, we cannot act like little babies. as “因为;由于”；语气比since弱 As you were out, I left a message. ◇难点since 的用法 典例________ Jingji Road is so popular these days, why not take a city walk there? A．Since B．Though C．Until D．After 【答案】A 【详解】句意：既然经济路最近这么受欢迎，为什么不去那里来一次城市漫步呢？ 考查连词辨析。Since既然；Though尽管；Until直到；After在……后。根据“Jingji Road is so popular these days, why not take a city walk there?”可知，前一句是后句的原因，应用since引导原因状语从句。故选A。 1．________ Anhui area of the Yangtze River has improved, many special birds returned. A．Unless B．Though C．Since D．While 【答案】C 【详解】句意：由于长江安徽段生态环境改善，许多珍稀鸟类回归。 考查连词辨析。Unless除非；Though尽管；Since由于；While当……时。根据“Anhui area of the Yangtze River has improved”与“many special birds returned”之间的因果关系，前半句是后半句的原因，需用表原因的连词。故选C。 2．—Did you go for a trip during the May Day holiday? —No. The public were advised to stay at home ________ there was a terrible storm. A．if B．unless C．though D．because 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——五一假期期间你去旅行了吗？——没有。因为有一场可怕的风暴，公众被建议待在家里。 考查连词辨析。if如果；unless除非；though尽管；because因为。根据“there was a terrible storm.”可知，此处是在解释公众被建议待在家里的原因，即有一场可怕的风暴，所以应该用because。故选D。 3．Michael was late for school _________ he missed the school bus. A．so B．but C．as D．if 【答案】C 【详解】句意：迈克尔上学迟到了，因为他错过了校车。 考查连词辨析。so因此（表结果）；but但是（表转折）；as因为（表原因）；if如果（表假设）。根据“missed the school bus”和“late for school”可知，前后之间存在因果关系。故选C。 ◇考点 05 目的状语从句 连词短语 含义及用法 例句 so that “以便……”；后接从句，只能用于句中 They sped up so that/in order that they could get there on time. in order that “为了……”；后接从句，可用于句首或句中 易｜错｜提｜醒 1.'s不全是名词所有格 It looks like Lily's hat! 它看起来像Lily的帽子。(此句话中的Lily's是所有格,而不是Lily is的缩写。) My dog is from China, but her dog's from Japan. 我的狗来自中国,但是她的狗来自日本。(此句中的dog's应是dog is的缩写,而不是名词所有格。) 2. ‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所) 3.两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B’s 的形式,如：Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室) 4.“of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格, 如：a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友) 难点so that 引导两种从句 典例He puts the flowers in the shade ________ the sun will not burn them. A．in order to B．so that C．so as to D．such that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他把花放在阴凉处，这样太阳就不会把它们晒坏。 考查目的状语从句。in order to为了，后接动词原形；so that以便、为了，引导目的状语从句，后接完整句子；so as to为了，后接动词原形；such that如此……以至于……，用于结果状语从句。根据句中“the sun will not burn them”为完整句子，且此处表示把花放在阴凉处的目的，需用“so that”引导目的状语从句。故选B。 1．Our country will set up a traditional reading day ______ more and more people can pay attention to deep reading and Chinese traditional culture. A．even though B．so that C．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们国家将设立一个传统的读书日，以便越来越多的人能关注深度阅读和中国传统文化。 考查目的状语从句。even though尽管；so that以便；unless除非。根据空后结构可知，空处表目的是为了越来越多的人能关注深度阅读和中国传统文化，需使用so that引导目的状语从句。故选B。 2．Mary has learned a lot about the history of Harbin ________ she can be a tour guide. A．even if B．as soon as C．so that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：玛丽已经学习了很多关于哈尔滨的历史知识，以便她能成为一名导游。 考查连词辨析。even if即使；as soon as一……就；so that以便。根据“Mary has learned a lot about the history of Harbin…she can be a tour guide.”可知，学习很多关于哈尔滨的历史知识是为了当一名导游，故此处用so that引导目的状语从句。故选C。 3．She got up early in the morning ________ she could exercise for an hour. A．until B．so that C．in order to D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她早上早起，以便能锻炼一小时。 考查so that引导目的状语从句。until直到……为止；so that以便；in order to为了；when当……时候。“so that”引导目的状语从句，意为“以便；为了”，从句中常使用情态动词，本句“she could exercise for an hour”，符合“so that”引导目的状语从句的用法。故选B。 ◇考点 06 结果状语从句 连词短语 含义及用法 例句 so…that… 如此……以至于…… so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，结构为“so+adj./adv.+that…”。可与“too…to…”结构互换 He is so little that he can't dress himself.= He is too little to dress himself. such…that… such修饰的中心词是名词， 结构为“such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that…”或“such+adj.+不可数名词/可数名词复数+that…” She is such a lovely girl that everyone around her likes her.=She is so lovely that everyone around her likes her. ◇难点so 与such区别 典例The TV play Journey to the West is ________ interesting ________ I would like to watch it again. A．such; that B．too; to C．so; that D．too; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：电视剧《西游记》如此有趣以至于我想再看一遍。 考查结果状语从句。根据句意可知此处表示“如此……以至于……”，应用“such/so…that”引导结果状语从句，“interesting”是形容词，应用副词“so”修饰。故选C。 1．It is ________ a beautiful garden ________ we like to play in it. A．so, that B．too, to C．very, that D．such, that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这是一个如此美丽的花园，以至于我们都喜欢在里面玩。 考查结果状语从句。so...that...如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词；too...to...太……而不能……；very...that...为错误表达；such...that...如此……以至于……，such后接名词或名词短语。根据语境及句子结构可知，此处是在描述花园如此美丽，以至于我们都喜欢在里面玩，且a beautiful garden为名词短语，所以应该用such...that...。故选D。 2．All the teachers think that he is _________ good storyteller _________ he will be a good writer in the future. A．so, that B．such a, that C．so a, that D．quite a, that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：所有老师都认为他是一个如此好的讲故事者以至于他将来会成为一个好作家。 考查结果状语从句。“such a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + that从句 / so + 形容词 + that从句”是固定用法，意为“如此……以至于……”，such...that引导结果状语从句。故选B。 3．—My family went to Taizhou to eat morning tea during the May Day holiday. —So did I. There are ________ many tourists that all the waiters ________ stopped to eat or rest the whole day. A．so; mostly B．such; nearly C．so; hardly D．such; highly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——五一假期，我们全家去泰州吃早茶。——我也是。游客太多了，所有的服务员一整天几乎都没停下来吃饭或休息。 考查结果状语从句及副词辨析。so…that如此……以至于，so修饰形容词或副词；such…that如此……以至于，such修饰名词；mostly主要地；nearly几乎；hardly几乎不；highly高度地。so many“很多”，后接可数名词复数；根据“…many tourists”可知，游客多，服务员应是很忙，指几乎都没停下来吃饭或休息，hardly符合。故选C。 ◇考点 07 方式状语从句 连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句 as “按照……的方式”；通常置于主句之后 When in Rome, do as the Romans do. as if/though “似乎，好像”；后面可接陈述句语序或虚拟语气 Though they met for the first time, they talked as if they were good friends. 易｜错｜提｜醒 状语从句的时态一致性 规则一：主句现在时/将来时，从句可用任何时态 I know that he is a teacher.（我知道他是老师。） I know that he was a teacher.（我知道他过去是老师。） I know that he will be a teacher.（我知道他将成为老师。） I will tell him when he comes.（他来了我会告诉他。） 规则二：主句过去时，从句通常用过去时态 （1）从句动作与主句动作同时发生 → 一般过去时/过去进行时 He said that he was tired.（他说他累了。） She told me she was reading a book.（她告诉我她在读书。） （2）从句动作发生在主句动作之前 → 过去完成时 He said that he had finished his work.（他说他已经完成了工作。） I thought I had met him before.（我以为我以前见过他。） （3）从句动作发生在主句动作之后 → 过去将来时 He said that he would come the next day.（他说他第二天会来。） She told me she was going to visit Beijing.（她告诉我她要去北京。） 规则三：从句表示客观真理、科学事实，永远用一般现在时 The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.（老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。） He said that light travels faster than sound.（他说光比声音传播得快。） 规则四：时间/条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时 He will call you when he arrives.（他到了会给你打电话。） If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。） 规则四：since从句的时态：主句用现在完成时，since从句用一般过去时 I have lived here since I was born.（我从出生就住在这里。） ◇难点as if的用法 典例—Do you still remember the first day we met at school? —Very clear ________ it was yesterday. A．as long as B．as if C．as soon as D．as a result 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你还记得我们在学校初次见面的那一天吗？——非常清楚，仿佛就在昨天。 考查连词辨析。as long as只要；as if好像，仿佛；as soon as一……就……；as a result结果。根据“Very clear...it was yesterday.”可知，此处表示对初次见面场景记忆犹新，就像发生在昨天一样。故选B。 1．The VR experience made me feel ________ I was really walking through an ancient tomb. A．even if B．as if C．so that D．in order that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虚拟现实体验让我感觉好像我真的穿过一座古墓。 考查连词短语辨析。even if即使；as if好像；so that以便；in order that为了。根据“The VR experience made me feel…I was really walking through an ancient tomb.”可知，虚拟现实体验让人有好像真的在穿过古墓的感觉。故选B。 2．Though they met for the first time, they talked ________ they were good friends. A．even if B．as if C．even though D．if only 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然他们是第一次见面，但他们交谈起来就像好朋友一样。 考查连词辨析。even if即便；as if好像；even though尽管；if only如果……就好了。根据“they talked ... they were good friends”可知他们就像好朋友一样交谈，用as if引导方式状语从句。故选B。 3．--Our new English teacher is always energetic and happy,She looks ____a young girl. --You are right!She looks ______she were only 18 years old. A．as,like B．like,as if C．as if ,like D．like,as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们的新英语老师总是充满活力并且开心，她看起来就像一个年轻的女孩。——对的，她看起来好像只有18岁。考查词组搭配和从属连词。第一个空，根据后面的a young girl，名词短语，可知应用like，look like固定短语“看起来像….”；第二个空，后面是一个句子she were only 18 years old.结合选项，as if固定词组，可在look、seem等系动词后引导表语从句，表达的是虚拟语气，意思是“好像、似乎、仿佛”等；故答案选B。 ◇题型 01 单项填空中的状语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1（2025·江苏南京·二模）We’d better take action to solve a problem ______ it gets worse. A．before B．after C．until D．since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们最好在问题变得更糟之前采取行动解决它。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到；since自从。根据句意可知，采取行动要在变得糟糕之前，before符合题意。故选A。 方｜法｜提｜炼 1.明确引导词匹配规则，规避引导词陷阱：状语从句引导词的选择，核心是判断主句与从句的逻辑关系（时间、条件、原因、结果等），不同逻辑对应固定引导词。时间关系用when/while/as（“当……时”），条件关系用if/unless（“如果/除非”），原因关系用because/since/as（“因为/既然”），结果关系用so...that...（“如此……以至于”）。若选项中引导词与逻辑关系不匹配，直接排除；仅特殊近义引导词（如while/as）需区分用法，单独记忆。 例：I will go to the park ______ it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 选项A. because B. if C. while → 主句与从句是“条件关系”，A（表原因）、C（表时间）与逻辑关系不匹配，直接排除，选B。 2.区分近义引导词用法，避免用法混淆：当选项同时出现近义引导词（如when与while、because与since）时，根据引导词的适用场景判断：when可接延续性/非延续性动词，while仅接延续性动词；because表直接原因，回答why提问，since表“既然”，语气较弱。若题干中动词是非延续性动词（如arrive），排除while选项；若题干是回答why提问，排除since选项。 例：He was reading a book ______ his mother came in. 选项A. while B. when C. since → 从句动词came（来）是非延续性动词，A（while仅接延续性动词）排除，C（表原因）逻辑不符，排除，选B。 3.结合语境与时态，验证选项合理性：若剩余选项难区分，结合题干语义和状语从句时态规则判断：重点牢记“主将从现”（主句将来时，从句现在时）、“主过从过”（主句过去时，从句过去时）规则；同时结合上下文语义，确认引导词和时态是否贴合逻辑。根据规则和语境，排除不符合要求的选项，锁定正确答案。 例：She ______ stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 选项A. will B. would C. did → 从句是一般现在时（rains），符合“主将从现”规则，主句需用将来时，B（过去将来时）、C（过去时）排除，选A。 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1 （2025·江苏泰州·二模）—You should do some housework for me _________ you have grown up. —OK, dad, I will _________ I have a lot of homework to do. A．unless, since B．since, if C．although, until D．since, unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你应该为我做一些家务，因为你已经长大了。——好的，爸爸，我会做，除非我有很多作业要做。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；since因为；if如果；although虽然；until直到。根据“You should do some housework for me...you have grown up.”可知，第一空表示原因（“你已经长大”是“做家务”的理由），用since；根据“I will...I have a lot of homework to do.”可知，第二空表示条件（“有作业”是“不做家务”的例外情况），用unless。故选D。 变式2 （2025·江苏扬州·三模）_______ Austen’s novels are about love and marriage, the British writer never married. A．Since B．Until C．Although D．Unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管奥斯汀的小说是关于爱情和婚姻的，但这位英国作家从未结过婚。 考查连词辨析。Since自从；Until直到；Although尽管；Unless除非。根据“…Austen’s novels are about love and marriage, the British writer never married.”可知，尽管小说主题是爱情和婚姻，但作者本人从未结婚，此处表示让步关系，应该用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。 ◇题型 02 完形填空的状语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例3（2026九年级·江苏扬州·专题练习）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 The 2026 Spring Festival Gala amazed the audience with a fantastic show called “Wu BOT”. It was a special performance that 1 traditional Chinese martial arts (武术) with modern technology. Dozens of humanoid robots (人形机器人) from Unitree became “kung fu masters” and performed alongside young martial artists from the Tagou Martial Arts School. Last year, these robots danced with handkerchiefs. This year, they could do backflips (后空翻), vault over obstacles (跳马), and even 2 nunchucks (双节棍) skillfully. The program was not just a show but a big challenge for both the robots and the human performers. Preparing for this program was far from easy. The technical team spent over a month 3 the 600-square-meter stage. They used lasers to create a 3D 3 of the area so that each robot could “know” its exact position. “The most difficult part was to make the robots move fast and stay 4 at the same time,” said Wang Xixing, the founder of Unitree. To make the robots perform complex movements like humans, the team had to “teach” them. The young martial arts students played a very important 5 in this process. At first, the students were a little bit 6 of the powerful machines. But soon, they started working together. They would show the movements first, and then the engineers would input the data into the robots. “It felt like teaching a new classmate kung fu,” one student said with a 7 . One of the most 8 moments in the show was when a robot “got drunk” and performed “Drunken Fist” (醉拳). This interesting idea came from an accident during rehearsal (彩排). The robot suddenly fell down, 9 it got up immediately with a cool move. The director found it so interesting that they decided to 10 it in the final show. The robots also showed amazing team spirit. They could change formations (队形) quickly 11 running at high speed. If one robot ran off the path by accident, it could correct itself without any help. This was because of a new self-developing system that allowed the robots to 12 problems and recover fast. Wang Xixing said that the goal was not just to create an exciting performance, but to push technology forward. “If robots can do such difficult actions on a big stage with loud music and bright lights, they can surely do 13 jobs in our daily lives,” he explained. In the future, these robots might help us in factories, do housework, or even 14 the elderly. The show “Wu BOT” was a perfect example of how tradition and innovation can come together. It not only showed the beauty of Chinese 15 to the world but also proved how fast China’s technology is developing. 1．A．compared B．combined C．covered D．complained 2．A．hide B．break C．play D．touch 3．A．mapping B．cleaning C．leaving D．crossing 4．A．beautiful B．quiet C．tidy D．accurate 5．A．role B．game C．music D．decision 6．A．fond B．afraid C．careful D．proud 7．A．cry B．worry C．smile D．fear 8．A．boring B．forgettable C．terrible D．unforgettable 9．A．but B．so C．or D．because 10．A．cut B．keep C．cancel D．finish 11．A．while B．before C．after D．until 12．A．cause B．ignore C．find D．discuss 13．A．harder B．easier C．worse D．dirtier 14．A．look after B．run after C．come after D．ask for 15．A．culture B．medicine C．business D．history 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．A 【解析】本文介绍了2026年春晚上一个名为“Wu BOT”的精彩节目，将中国传统武术与现代机器人技术相结合，展示了科技与文化的完美融合，体现了中国科技的快速发展。 1．句意：这是一个特别的表演，将中国传统武术与现代科技结合起来。 compared比较；combined结合；covered覆盖；complained抱怨。根据下文的内容可知，节目是将武术与科技相结合，故选B。 2．句意：今年，它们能做后空翻、跳马，甚至熟练地玩双节棍。 hide隐藏；break打破；play玩或表演；touch触摸。根据“nunchucks skillfully”可知，是熟练地表演双节棍，play符合语境，故选C。 3．句意：他们使用激光创建该区域的3D地图。 mapping绘制地图；cleaning清理；leaving离开；crossing穿过。根据后文“so that each robot could ‘know’ its exact position”可知，需要绘制地图，故选A。 4．句意：最难的部分是让机器人快速移动并同时保持准确。 beautiful美丽的；quiet安静的；tidy整洁的；accurate准确的。根据句子内容可知，机器人需要快速移动且位置精准，accurate符合文意，故选D。 5．句意：年轻的武术学生们在这个过程中扮演了非常重要的角色。 played a role in固定搭配，意为“在……中扮演角色/起作用”，故选A。 6．句意：起初，学生们对这些强大的机器有点害怕。 fond喜欢；afraid害怕的；careful认真的；proud骄傲的。根据下文“But soon, they started working together. ”可知，刚开始有点担心或害怕，be afraid of意为“害怕”，符合语境，故选B。 7．句意：一名学生微笑着说：“感觉就像在教新同学功夫”。 cry哭；worry担心；smile微笑；fear害怕。根据前文学生们与机器人合作以及说话的轻松语气，应是微笑着说的，with a smile意为“微笑着”，故选C。 8．句意：表演中最令人难忘的时刻之一是一个机器人“喝醉了”表演“醉拳”。 boring无聊的；forgettable易被遗忘的；terrible糟糕的；unforgettable难忘的。根据下文描述这个有趣的创意，可知这是令人难忘的时刻，故选D。 9．句意：机器人突然摔倒，但它立即用一个酷炫的动作站了起来。 but但是；so所以；or或者；because因为。前后句是转折关系，表示虽然摔倒了但是马上站起来，应使用but连接，故选A。 10．句意：导演觉得它很有趣，决定把它保留在最终表演中。 cut剪掉；keep保留；cancel取消；finish完成。根据语境，因为觉得有趣所以决定保留，故选B。 11．句意：机器人可以在高速奔跑的同时快速变换队形。 while与……同时；before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到。根据本句内容可知，奔跑和变换队形同时发生，应使用while，故选A。 12．句意：这是因为一个新的自我开发系统，允许机器人发现问题并快速恢复。 cause引起；ignore忽视；find发现；discuss讨论。根据常识，机器人需要先发现问题才能自我纠正，find符合文意，故选C。 13．句意：如果机器人在嘈杂音乐和明亮灯光的大舞台上能做如此困难的动作，它们肯定能在我们的日常生活中做更简单的工作。 harder更难的；easier更简单的；worse更糟的；dirtier更脏的。根据逻辑，舞台上的复杂动作都能完成，日常生活中的工作相对更简单，故选B。 14．句意：未来，这些机器人可能在工厂帮助我们，做家务，甚至照顾老人。 look after照顾；run after追赶；come after追踪；ask for要求。根据“In the future, these robots might help us in factories, do housework”可知，此处应表达的是帮忙照顾老人，故选A。 15． 句意：它不仅向世界展示了中国文化的美丽，也证明了中国科技发展的速度。 culture文化；medicine医学；business商业；history历史。节目展示了武术这一中国传统文化，故选A。 方｜法｜提｜练 一、 解题核心逻辑 1. 语境优先，定位状语从句的“逻辑关系线索” • 核心原则：状语从句完形填空的空格（引导词、从句谓语动词），90%以上都能在上下文找到直接线索，逻辑关系是解题的核心依据。 • 操作方法： 1. 向前找：空格前的主句动作、时态（如will do、did），会提示从句的时态范围；主句的语义，会暗示主句与从句的逻辑关系（时间、条件、原因等）。 2. 向后找：空格后的从句动作、时间/条件标志词（如tomorrow、if），会解释引导词的选择方向；从句的语义，进一步验证逻辑关系是否匹配。 3. 全段找：关注状语从句引导词的“原词复现”或“同义替换”（如前文用when，后文可能用as表时间），这是中考状语从句完形填空最常见的考点。 • 示例：本文第3空 I will call you ______ I arrive at the station. 后文紧接着出现 “Please wait for my call after I get there”，直接提示此处表“时间关系”，应填when/as，这就是典型的“逻辑线索定位”。 2. 语法辅助，判断状语从句的“引导词及时态” • 引导词判断： ◦ 若上下文表时间关系（“当……时”“在……之后”），优先选when/while/as/after/before；表条件关系（“如果”“除非”），选if/unless；表原因关系（“因为”“既然”），选because/since/as。 ◦ 若上下文表结果关系（“如此……以至于”），选so...that...；表目的关系（“为了”），选so that/in order that。 • 时态判断： ◦ 遵循“主将从现”：主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时（如if it rains, I will go）；主句为情态动词表将来，从句也用一般现在时。 ◦ 遵循“主过从过”：主句为一般过去时，从句用相应的过去时态（如while he was reading, his mother came）。 3. 搭配验证，确保状语从句的“合理运用” • 固定搭配：积累状语从句相关的固定用法，如while+延续性动词（while reading）、if引导的条件句“主将从现”、because不能与so连用（避免“because it rained, so I stayed”的错误）。 • 逻辑搭配：确保引导词、时态与上下文语义一致，如表“条件”不能用when，表“时间”不能用if；时态要符合“主将从现”“主过从过”规则，避免主句与从句时态矛盾。 二、 实战解题步骤 1. 通读全文，标记状语从句相关线索 快速浏览全文，圈出所有出现的逻辑提示词（如if、because、when）、时态标志词（如tomorrow、yesterday、now）、主句与从句的动作描述，建立“状语从句要素线索库”，为后续填空做准备。 2. 逐空分析，锁定语境依据 对每个状语从句相关的空格，先结合前后文确定空格类型（引导词、从句谓语动词），再锁定解题依据：例如： ◦ 第2空 He didn’t go to school ______ he was ill. 结合语境，“没上学”与“生病”是原因关系，常用引导词because/since，故填because。 ◦ 第5空 If she ______ (come) tomorrow, we will have a party. 从句需遵循“主将从现”，主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，故填comes。 3. 语法检查，确认引导词及时态正确 填完答案后，回头检查状语从句的核心要素，避免失误： ◦ 引导词：是否与上下文逻辑关系匹配（如表条件用if，不误用when），拼写是否正确（如unless不写成unles）。 ◦ 时态：是否符合“主将从现”“主过从过”规则，动词变形是否正确（如三单形式、过去式）。 4. 代入验证，通读全文流畅性 将所有答案填入空格，完整读一遍全文，确保： ◦ 状语从句的引导词、时态与主句衔接自然，无语法矛盾，符合固定搭配规则。 ◦ 整个语篇语义连贯，状语从句能准确表达主句与从句的逻辑关系，不出现语义违和的情况。 ◇题型 03 语法填空中的名词考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例4（2025·山东聊城·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1个单词。 The Yi New Year is a popular festival for the Yi ethnic group (彝族) in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi. It 1 (fall) on a day around November 20 every year. There are many traditional practices (习俗) of the festival. When the festival draws near, the Yi people will start house cleaning. They think that cleaning can help them get rid of bad things in the house and bring good 2 (luck) to them. They also put firewood (木柴) in front of 3 (they) houses. They believe that the height of the firewood shows the hard work they have 4 (do) in the past year and is also a symbol of a happy life in the new year. On the eve of the Yi New Year, family members come together to have a big dinner. On 5 (冠词) day of the festival, the young Yi people wear their ethnic dresses and go to a mountainside. They join in traditional activities of the local New Year. Moerqiu (磨尔秋), a seesaw-like (像跷跷板一样的) swing activity, is one of the most popular 6 (game) among the Yi people. New Year’s activities would not be complete (完整的) 7 (介词) visiting relatives or friends. The Yi people usually get gifts ready a few days earlier 8 (连词) they go for a visit. The Yi people love these practices 9 (deep) and have been trying to pass them down. These practices show the Yi people’s way of life and their good wishes for a 10 (good) life than before. 【答案】 1．falls 2．luck 3．their 4．done 5．the 6．games 7．without 8．before 9．deeply 10．better 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了彝族的新年及其相关习俗。 1．句意：它通常在每年11月20日左右。根据“every year”可知，本句描述的是每年发生的事情，需用一般现在时；主语“It”是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式，fall的第三人称单数形式为falls。故填falls。 2．句意：他们认为打扫可以帮助他们摆脱房子里的坏东西，给他们带来好运。根据“good”可知，此处用名词表示“好运”，luck“运气”，不可数名词，good luck“好运”。故填luck。 3．句意：他们还在房子前面放木柴。根据“houses”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词修饰，表示“他们的房子”，they“他们”，人称代词主格，此处应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，修饰名词houses。故填their。 4．句意：他们相信木柴的高度表明了他们在过去一年中所做的努力，也是新的一年幸福生活的象征。根据“have”可知，此处表示“已经做的努力”，需用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，do的过去分词为done。故填done。 5．句意：在节日当天，年轻的彝族人穿上他们的民族服装，去山坡上。根据“day of the festival”可知，此处特指节日的那一天，应用定冠词the。故填the。 6．句意：磨尔秋，一种像跷跷板一样的秋千活动，是彝族人中最受欢迎的游戏之一。根据“one of the most popular ...”可知，此处表示“最受欢迎的游戏之一”，one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，game的复数为games。故填games。 7．句意：新年活动如果没有拜访亲戚或朋友就不完整。根据“New Year’s activities would not be complete ... visiting relatives or friends.”可知，此处表示“没有拜访亲戚或朋友就不完整”，without“没有”，介词，符合语境。故填without。 8．句意：彝族人通常在去拜访的几天前就准备好礼物。根据“The Yi people usually get gifts ready a few days earlier ... they go for a visit.”可知，此处表示“在去拜访的几天前就准备好礼物”，before“在……之前”，连词，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。故填before。 9．句意：彝族人深深地喜爱这些习俗，并一直在努力传承它们。根据“love these practices”可知，此处表示“深深地喜爱”，deep“深的”，形容词，此处应用其副词形式deeply“深深地”，修饰动词love。故填deeply。 10．句意：这些习俗展示了彝族人的生活方式以及他们对比以前更好生活的美好愿望。根据“than before”可知，此处表示“比以前更好”，good“好的”，形容词，此处应用其比较级better“更好的”，修饰名词life。故填better。 方｜法｜提｜练 步骤1：判断引导词类型 根据主句与从句的逻辑关系，确定状语从句的类型（时间、条件、原因等），进而判断引导词的范围。表时间关系选when/while/as/after/before；表条件关系选if/unless；表原因关系选because/since/as；表结果/目的关系选so...that.../so that。 例：• 表时间（当……时）→ when/while（如I was reading when he came）• 表条件（如果）→ if（如If it rains, we won’t go）• 表原因（因为）→ because（如He didn’t come because he was ill） 步骤2：判断从句时态 当确定引导词后，根据主句时态和状语从句时态规则，判断从句谓语动词的正确形式，核心遵循“时态呼应”原则。 • 时态规则： 1. 主句为一般将来时/情态动词表将来，从句用一般现在时（主将从现）： 例：I will call you when I arrive（arrive用原形，不用will arrive）；She can go out if she finishes her homework（finishes用三单） 2. 主句为一般过去时，从句用相应的过去时态（主过从过）： 例：He was watching TV while his mother was cooking（was cooking用过去进行时）；She didn’t go because she was ill（was ill用一般过去时） 步骤3：验证逻辑与语法合理性 “引导词+从句”的结构，本质是用从句补充说明主句的时间、条件、原因等，需确保引导词匹配逻辑关系、时态符合规则，语义与上下文连贯。 例：• If he ______ (come) tomorrow, we will have a party. → 遵循主将从现，主语he是三单，填comes，语义为“如果他明天来，我们就举办派对”，语义通顺、语法正确。• 若误填when（表时间），与“条件”逻辑不符；误填came（过去时），违反主将从现规则，均需修正。 中考高频考点总结 主将从现 → 主句将来时/情态动词+从句一般现在时（如If it snows, we will make a snowman）； 主过从过 → 主句一般过去时+从句过去时态（如While she was singing, I was dancing）； 高频引导词填空 → if（条件）、when（时间）、because（原因），注意拼写规范（如unless不写错）； 动词变形 → 从句动词需结合时态、主语单复数变形（如三单、过去式、过去分词）。 定语从句 目 录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】定语从句的关系词 【考点02】定语从句的关系副词 【考点03】定语从句的特殊情况 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 【题型01】语法选择/单项填空中的定语从句考查 【题型02】完形填空中的定语从句考查 【题型03】语法填空的定语从句考查 核心考向聚焦 关系代词（that/which/who/whom/whose）与关系副词（where/when/why）的辨析及正确选择是考查重点，在各地中考中频繁出现，覆盖单项选择、语法填空、完形填空等核心题型。定语从句的语序、主谓一致、非限制性定语从句的基本用法及介词+关系代词的简单应用也有涉及，但相对比重较小，多作为综合能力考查点。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力：掌握关词的核心用法，能根据先行词的属性（人/物/时间/地点/原因）准确选择对应引导词，区分that与which的用法差异、who与whom的句法功能；牢记定语从句“先行词+引导词+陈述语序”的基本结构，掌握主谓一致规则（从句谓语动词单复数与先行词保持一致）；能识别简单的非限制性定语从句，掌握介词+关系代词（如in which/for whom）的基础搭配。需通过规则梳理与语境演练突破核心要点。熟练在语篇中运用定语从句，能结合上下文判断引导词，修正语序、主谓一致等错误，提升语篇理解与表达的连贯性。需强化语篇应用能力。 培优瓶颈：主要受中文思维干扰，混淆关系代词与关系副词的用法（如用where修饰人、用who修饰地点），忽略先行词的属性对引导词的限制；对that与which的特殊用法（如先行词为不定代词时只能用that）记忆不牢，易出现引导词误用；主谓一致判断失误，忽略从句谓语动词需与先行词保持一致；规则记忆碎片化，无法将引导词选择、语序、主谓一致结合运用，在综合语篇题型中易失分。需强化语境判断与系统归类记忆。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测：2026年中考中，定语从句仍将是高频考点，命题将更侧重“语境化”与“综合性”，减少孤立的语法规则考查，转向语篇语境中的灵活应用。单项选择仍以引导词辨析、主谓一致为核心；语法填空侧重引导词拼写、从句谓语动词变形；完形填空侧重结合上下文选择合适的引导词，兼顾语序与主谓一致；书面表达将隐性考查定语从句的规范运用，用于修饰名词、丰富句式，提升语篇流畅度。同时，会结合真实情境（如介绍人物、描述地点、讲述事件），考查学生的语境适配能力，介词+关系代词的简单应用可能成为命题新热点。 策略：备考应放弃对孤立语法规则的死记硬背，转向 “规则建模+语篇应用” 。重点训练： 1. 紧扣近三年中考真题，建立定语从句错题本，按“引导词误用、语序错误、主谓一致错误”分类整理，标注错误原因，强化在完形填空、语法填空等题型中结合语境判断用法的能力。 2. 系统梳理引导词的适用场景，熟记that与which、who与whom的用法差异，专项练习引导词辨析、主谓一致类题型，总结“先判先行词属性、再选引导词、最后核语序与主谓一致”的解题步骤。 3. 强化书面表达应用训练，刻意运用定语从句修饰名词、补充信息，结合介绍人物、描述地点等真实场景，练习定语从句与简单句的灵活转换，提升句式规范性与语篇连贯性。 ◇考点 01 定语从句的关系代词 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。其基本结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。如： Do you know the ？ 引导定语从句的关系代词有who, that, which, whom, whose和关系副词when, where, why。初中阶段要求掌握that, which, who引导的定语从句，关系副词在本书中不作讲解。 1.关系代词的用法 关系代词 所指先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 例句翻译与解析 who 人 主语 The woman who lives next door is a doctor. 住在我隔壁的那位女士是医生。（解析： who  指代  the woman ，在从句  who lives next door  中充当主语。） 宾语 (口语/非正式) The man (who) I saw yesterday was her brother. 我昨天看到的那个男人是她的哥哥。（解析： who  指代  the man ，在从句  I saw who  中充当动词  saw  的宾语，此处可以省略。） whom 人 宾语 (动词宾语) The professor whom we respect is giving a talk. 我们尊敬的那位教授将做一个讲座。（解析： whom  指代  the professor ，在从句  we respect whom  中充当动词  respect  的宾语。） 宾语 (介词宾语) She is the person to whom I owe my thanks. 她是我要感谢的人。（解析： whom  指代  the person ，在介词  to  后充当宾语，构成介词短语  to whom 。） whose 人或物 定语 (表所属) The student whose project won the award is over there. 项目获奖的那位学生就在那边。（解析： whose  指代  the student‘s ，在从句中作定语，修饰主语  project 。） We visited the city whose history fascinates us. 我们游览了那座历史令我们着迷的城市。（解析： whose  指代  the city‘s ，在从句中作定语，修饰主语  history 。） which 物或动物 主语 The phone which is on the table is mine. 桌上的那部手机是我的。（解析： which  指代  the phone ，在从句  which is on the table  中充当主语。） 宾语 The ideas (which) he proposed were innovative. 他提出的那些想法很有创新性。（解析： which  指代  the ideas ，在从句  he proposed which  中充当动词  proposed  的宾语，此处可以省略。） that 人或物 主语 (指人) The girl that won the race is my classmate. 赢得比赛的那个女孩是我的同学。（解析： that  指代  the girl ，在从句中充当主语。） 主语 (指物) Everything that happens has a cause. 发生的每件事都有原因。（解析： that  指代  everything ，在从句中充当主语。） 宾语 (指人) Is he the man (that) you told me about? 他就是你跟我提过的那个人吗？（解析： that  指代  the man ，在从句  you told me about that  中充当介词  about  的宾语，此处可以省略。） 宾语 (指物) The book (that) I’m reading is fascinating. 我正在读的那本书非常有趣。（解析： that  指代  the book ，在从句  I’m reading that  中充当动词  reading  的宾语，此处可以省略。） ◇难点：关系词的确定 典例 —Yuan Longping is a hero ________ developed hybrid rice (杂交水稻). —Yes. We admire him very much. A．which B．what C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——袁隆平是一位研发了杂交水稻的英雄。——是的。我们非常钦佩他。 考查定语从句。which先行词为物；what不引导定语从句；that先行词为人或物。先行词“hero”（英雄）是人，需用指代人的关系代词that引导定语从句。故选C。 1．The doctors ________ work hard to save lives in the hospitals are looked up to by everyone. A．which B．where C．when D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那些在医院里努力工作挽救生命的医生们受到所有人的尊敬。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。which指物；where指地点；when指时间；who指人。从句“...work hard to save lives in the hospitals”位于名词The doctors之后，属于定语从句，先行词The doctors指人，且在从句中作主语，所以使用who。故选D。 2．—Look! That is the woman ________ I met yesterday. —Oh? She’s my aunt. A．what B．whom C．where D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！那就是我昨天遇到的那个女人。——哦？她是我姑姑。 考查定语从句。空格处引导定语从句，从句修饰先行词the woman，关系词在从句中作宾语。故选B。 3．The book ________ cover is blue is my favorite storybook. I’ve read it three times. A．who B．which C．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那本封面是蓝色的书是我最喜欢的故事书。我已经读了三遍了。 考查定语从句关系词。who先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；which先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语。此处先行词the book指物，且在从句中修饰cover作定语，用whose。故选C。 ◇考点 02 定语从句的关系副词 关系副词在定语从句中作状语，代替先行词中的“介词 + which”结构。 1、when：指时间，先行词是 time, day, year, moment 等时间名词，在从句中作时间状语 = on/in/at/during which I will never forget the day when I first came to this school. （我永远不会忘记我第一次来到这所学校的那天。） = I will never forget the day on which I first came to this school. 2、where：指地点，先行词是 place, city, room, country 等地点名词，在从句中作地点状语 = in/at/on which This is the house where I was born. （这就是我出生的房子。） = This is the house in which I was born. 3、why:指原因，先行词只有 reason，在从句中作原因状语 = for which The reason why he was late is not clear. （他迟到的原因不清楚。） = The reason for which he was late is not clear. ◇难点既可数又不可数名词 典例 I felt very happy to get a one-month break from work last year ________ I could travel with my family to Paris. A．where B．that C．which D．when 【答案】D 【详解】句意：去年我很高兴能有一个月的休假，那时我可以和家人去巴黎旅行。 考查定语从句的关系词辨析。where哪里；that那个；which哪个；when当……时。先行词“a one-month break”表示一段时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故选D。 1．—Look! This is the museum. It’s really famous. —Oh, I heard that there are many old things in it. Is this the museum ________ we can see a lot of old things? A．which B．where C．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！这就是那座博物馆，它真的很有名。——哦，我听说里面有很多古老的东西。这就是那座我们能看到很多古老的东西的博物馆吗？ 考查定语从句。which关系代词，先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；where关系副词，先行词指地点，在定语从句中作状语；that关系代词，先行词指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。先行词“the museum”是地点，且定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，需要关系副词作地点状语，此处用where。故选B。 2．I wonder the reason ________ you were late for school yesterday. A．why B．where C．when D．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想知道你昨天上学迟到的原因。 考查定语从句的关系词。why为什么；where在哪里；when当…时；who谁。根据句意和句子结构可知，此空应填关系副词why，引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，并在从句中作状语，表示原因。故选A。 3．This is the house ________ I lived ten years ago. A．which B．where C．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我十年前居住的房子。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。which引导定语从句时，其先行词为物，充当定语从句的主语和宾语；where引导定语从句时，其先行词为地点，充当定语从句的状语；that引导定语从句时，其先行词为物或人，充当定语从句的主语和宾语。根据“house”为名词可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词“house”为地点，且充当定语从句的地点状语，故选B。 ◇考点 03 定语从句的特殊情况 1、关系代词that who which在从句中做宾语的时候可以省略。但做主语不行。 The man that/who knows me is Tom. （That 或who在从句中做主语不可省略。） The man (that/who) I know is Tom. （That/who在从句中作宾语可以省略。） 2、只用which whom不用that who的情况：当关系词作介宾，而且介词提前的时候，只能用which whom。不用that who。 The boy with whom they are talking is Jerry. He is looking for the chair on which you are sitting. 3、只用that不用which who whom的情况。 序号 情况分类 核心规则 示例 解释与说明 1 先行词为不定代词 当先行词是 anyone, everybody, nobody 等指人的不定代词时。 Anyone that breaks the rule will be punished. 用  that  更符合泛指习惯。 2 先行词被序数词修饰 当先行词被 the first, the last 等序数词修饰时。 He was the first person that arrived. 强调排位顺序，用  that 。 3 先行词被形容词最高级修饰 当先行词被 the best, the most diligent 等最高级修饰时。 She is the most diligent student that I have taught. 强调唯一性、极端性。 4 先行词被特定词修饰 当先行词被 the only, the very, the same 修饰时。 You are the only friend that truly understands me. 强调排他性和特指性。 5 先行词同时包含人和物 当先行词是 “人”和“物”的并列结构 时。 We talked about the people and events that shaped history.  that  可同时指代两者。 6 在 There be 句型中 当定语从句修饰 There be 句型中作主语的名词（指人） 时。 There is a man that wants to see you. 存在句中， that  指人更常见。 7 主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句 当主句是特殊疑问句，且疑问词是who或which时，为避免重复，定语从句的关系代词通常用that，而不用与疑问词相同的who或which。 1. Who that has read the book can forget the ending?（读过这本书的人，谁能忘记它的结局？）2. Which is the car that was stolen?（哪辆车是被偷的那辆？） 核心逻辑是避免重复：• 例1：主句疑问词是 Who，从句关系代词就用 that 指人。若用“Who who has read…”则明显错误、累赘。• 例2：主句疑问词是 Which，从句关系代词就用 that 指物。若用“Which which was stolen…”则同样错误。 易｜错｜提｜醒 定语从句的简化 1. 简化为分词短语 从句为主动关系 → 现在分词： The man who is sitting by the window is my uncle. → The man sitting by the window is my uncle. 从句为被动关系 → 过去分词： The book which was written by Lu Xun is very popular. → The book written by Lu Xun is very popular. 2. 简化为不定式短语 主句含序数词、最高级或 the only, the next 等： He is the first person who has reached the top. → He is the first person to reach the top. 从句表将来或目的： I have a lot of work that I must do. → I have a lot of work to do. 3. 简化为介词短语 The boy who is in blue is my brother. → The boy in blue is my brother. 4. 简化为形容词短语 A person who is full of energy is always welcome. → A person full of energy is always welcome. ◇难点既可数又不可数名词 典例 —Why do you like to live here, Tony? —Because I love the club at ________ I meet my friends. A．that B．where C．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Tony，你为什么喜欢住在这里？——因为我喜欢这个俱乐部，在这里我会遇见我的朋友。 考查定语从句。that关系代词，指人或物；where关系副词，指地点；which关系代词，指物。根据“Because I love the club at...I meet my friends.”可知，at是介词，故此处为“介词+关系代词”结构，在此结构中，关系代词只能用which（指物）和whom（指人），这里指物。故选C。 1．This is the most exciting movie ________ I have ever seen. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我看过的最令人兴奋的电影。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。which关系代词，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，先行词为人，在从句中作主语；whom关系代词，先行词为人，在从句中作宾语。“the most exciting movie”是先行词，指物，且被最高级修饰，在从句中作宾语，关系词只能用that。故选B。 2．I think the third experiment ________ we did yesterday was fantastic. A．that B．who C．which D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我认为我们昨天做的第三个实验太棒了。 考查关系代词辨析。that先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who先行词是人，在从句中作主语；which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose用来指人或物，只用作定语。先行词“experiment”是物，且被序数词“third”修饰，关系代词在从句中作宾语，应用that引导定语从句。故选A。 3．I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago. A．what B．who C．which D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我仍然记得几年前在伦敦参观的大学和老师们。 考查定语从句关系代词的用法。what什么，不能引导定语从句，常用于名词性从句；who谁，仅用于指代人；which哪一个，仅用于指代物；that那个，可指代人或物，尤其适用于混合的先行词。当先行词（the college and the teachers）既包括人（teachers）又包括物（college）时，关系代词应用that。 故选D。 ◇题型 01 单项填空中的定语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1（2025·江苏南京·三模）But ice sculpture is not only for chefs! Today there are many artists ________ create sculptures out of ice just because they enjoy it. A．who B．whose C．which D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：但冰雕不只是厨师的专长！如今有许多艺术家，他们用冰创作雕塑，只是因为他们热爱这件事。 考查定语从句关系代词。who指代人，在从句中作主语/宾语；whose表所属关系，后接名词；which指代物，在从句中作主语/宾语；how不引导定语从句。先行词是artists，表示人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选A。 方｜法｜提｜炼 1.判断先行词属性，规避引导词匹配陷阱：定语从句引导词（关系代词/关系副词）的选择，核心是看先行词的属性（人/物/时间/地点/原因）。先行词是人，优先用who/that（作主语/宾语）、whom（仅作宾语）；先行词是物，优先用which/that；先行词是时间，用when；先行词是地点，用where；先行词是原因，用why。若选项中引导词与先行词属性不匹配，直接排除；仅特殊情况（如先行词为不定代词、最高级修饰时，只能用that）需单独记忆。 例：This is the girl ______ helped me yesterday. 选项A. which B. who C. where → 先行词the girl（人），A（修饰物）、C（修饰地点）与先行词属性不匹配，直接排除，选B。 2.区分引导词功能，避免句法功能混淆：当选项同时出现关系代词（that/which/who等）和关系副词（where/when/why等）时，根据引导词在从句中的句法功能判断：在从句中作主语、宾语，用关系代词；在从句中作状语（时间、地点、原因状语），用关系副词。若题干中从句缺少主语或宾语，排除关系副词选项；若从句不缺主语、宾语，排除关系代词选项。 例：I visited the place ______ my parents met for the first time. 选项A. which B. where C. who → 从句“my parents met for the first time”不缺主语、宾语，需用关系副词（作地点状语），A（关系代词）、C（修饰人）排除，选B。 3.结合语境与语法细节，验证选项合理性：若剩余选项难区分，结合题干语义和定语从句特殊规则判断：如that与which的区别（先行词含不定代词、最高级、序数词时，只能用that）；who与whom的区别（作主语用who，作宾语可省略或用whom）；同时检查从句主谓一致（从句谓语动词单复数与先行词保持一致）。根据规则和语境，排除不符合要求的选项，锁定正确答案。 例：This is the most interesting book ______ I have ever read. 选项A. that B. which C. who → 先行词book前有最高级most interesting，根据规则只能用that，排除B、C，选A。 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1 （2025·江苏南京·三模）The painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is an amazing artwork ________ shows the lively scenes of busy streets in Bianjing during the Northern Song Dynasty. A．which B．who C．what D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：《清明上河图》是一幅令人惊叹的艺术作品，它展示了北宋时期汴京繁华街道的热闹景象。 考查定语从句引导词。which指物，作主语或宾语；who指人，作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；when指时间，作状语。根据“The painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is an amazing artwork…shows the lively scenes of busy streets in Bianjing during the Northern Song Dynasty.”可知，先行词artwork为物，且从句缺少主语，应用which引导。故选A。 变式2 （2025·江苏常州·三模）The book tells the story of a girl called Mulan ________ father was too sick to fight as a soldier. A．who B．whose C．that D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这本书讲述了一个叫木兰的女孩的故事，她的父亲病得太重，不能当兵打仗。 考查定语从句。根据“The book tells the story of a girl called Mulan...father was too sick to fight as a soldier.”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是“a girl”，指人，且在从句中作定语，修饰名词“father”，所以用whose引导定语从句。故选B。 ◇题型 02 完形填空的定语从句考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例3（2025·青海西宁·中考真题）My name is Yoyo. I am a toothbrush with 1 elephant painted on my body. Jimmy is my best friend. I want to share our story with you. Two months ago, Jimmy was a boy 2 loved candies but didn’t feel like brushing his teeth at all. His mother 3 me for him as a gift from a supermarket. He just left me on the shelf. I felt lonely and upset. However, eating too many candies caused Jimmy trouble and his mother took him to see a 4 . He was advised 5 his teeth carefully without eating any candies. From then on, Jimmy followed the advice and the two of us could meet each other every day. We went out of our way to fight 6 his decayed teeth (蛀牙). As time went on, Jimmy didn’t have a 7 any longer and came to love me. I was proud of 8 for helping him out. At present, Jimmy is ready to brush his teeth on time. I am 9 for making his teeth tidy and strong. In return, he keeps me warm and happy. As long as we take something 10 and keep on it, a good habit can be developed as expected. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 3．A．caught B．taught C．bought D．thought 4．A．nurse B．teacher C．dentist D．friend 5．A．to brush B．brushing C．brush D．to brushing 6．A．for B．with C．against D．on 7．A．headache B．toothache C．backache D．stomachache 8．A．himself B．myself C．herself D．yourself 9．A．famous B．bad C．sorry D．responsible 10．A．seriously B．easily C．normally D．deeply 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．A 【解析】本文讲述了牙刷悠悠和主人吉米的故事，吉米从不爱刷牙、因吃糖蛀牙，到在悠悠的帮助下养成按时刷牙习惯，两人成为好朋友的经历。 1．句意：我是一把牙刷，我的身上画着一头大象。 a一个，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the表示特指；/不填。此处泛指一头大象，elephant以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选B。 2．句意：两个月前，吉米是一个喜欢吃糖果但根本不想刷牙的男孩。 which先行词是物；whom先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；whose先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语；who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。此处是定语从句，先行词是boy，指人，在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选D。 3．句意：他妈妈从超市给他买了我作为礼物。 caught抓住；taught教；bought买；thought认为。根据“as a gift from a supermarket”可知，是从超市买了牙刷作为礼物。故选C。 4．句意：然而，吃太多糖果给吉米带来了麻烦，他妈妈带他去看牙医。 nurse护士；teacher老师；dentist牙医；friend朋友。根据“his decayed teeth”可知，是去看牙医。故选C。 5．句意：有人建议他仔细刷牙，不要吃任何糖果。 to brush动词不定式；brushing动名词或现在分词；brush动词原形；to brushing介词to加动名词。be advised to do sth“被建议做某事”，固定搭配。故选A。 6．句意：我们竭尽全力与他的蛀牙作斗争。 for为了；with和；against反对；on在上面。此处指“与他的蛀牙作斗争”，fight against“与……作斗争”，固定搭配。故选C。 7．句意：随着时间的推移，吉米不再牙痛，并且开始喜欢上我了。 headache头痛；toothache牙痛；backache背痛；stomachache胃痛。根据“his decayed teeth”可知，他不再牙痛。故选B。 8．句意：我为帮助他摆脱困境而感到自豪。 himself他自己；myself我自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己。根据“I was proud of”可知，此处指“我”为自己感到自豪，用反身代词myself。故选B。 9．句意：我有责任让他的牙齿整洁强壮。 famous著名的；bad坏的；sorry抱歉的；responsible负责的。根据“for making his teeth tidy and strong”可知，此处指有责任让他的牙齿整洁强壮。故选D。 10．句意：只要我们认真对待某件事并坚持下去，好习惯就会如预期的那样养成。 seriously认真地；easily容易地；normally正常地；deeply深深地。根据“As long as we take something…and keep on it, a good habit can be developed as expected.”可知，此处指认真对待某件事，take sth seriously“认真对待某事”，固定搭配。故选A。 方｜法｜提｜练 一、 解题核心逻辑 1. 语境优先，定位定语从句的“核心线索” • 核心原则：定语从句语法填空的空格（引导词、从句谓语动词、介词），90%以上都能在上下文找到直接线索，无需孤立判断，语境是解题的核心依据。 • 操作方法： 1. 向前找：空格前的先行词（人/物/时间/地点/原因），直接提示引导词的选择方向；空格前的主句时态、先行词单复数，提示从句谓语动词的时态和单复数。 2. 向后找：空格后的从句成分（是否缺主语、宾语、状语），确定引导词是关系代词还是关系副词；从句中的时间、动作标志，进一步验证谓语动词的时态。 3. 全段找：关注上下文的语义连贯，留意先行词的“原词复现”或“同义替换”，同时确认介词搭配（如先行词是place，可能搭配in/at，对应in which/at which），这是中考定语从句语法填空的高频考点。 • 示例：本文第4空 This is the house ______ my grandfather lived. 后文紧接着出现 “He stayed there for 50 years”，提示先行词the house是地点，且从句缺地点状语，直接提示此处应填where（或in which），这就是典型的“语境线索定位”。 2. 语法辅助，判断定语从句的“要素规范” • 引导词判断： ◦ 先行词是人，空格在从句中作主语/宾语，填who/that；作宾语可省略，若设空需填who/whom/that；先行词是人且表“所属”，填whose。 ◦ 先行词是物，空格在从句中作主语/宾语，填which/that；作宾语可省略，若设空需填which/that；先行词是物且表“所属”，填whose。 ◦ 先行词是时间，从句缺时间状语，填when（或on which）；先行词是地点，从句缺地点状语，填where（或in which）；先行词是原因，从句缺原因状语，填why（或for which）。 • 从句谓语动词判断： ◦ 主谓一致：从句谓语动词的单复数，必须与先行词保持一致，如先行词是单数（the book），从句谓语用单数（is）；先行词是复数（the books），从句谓语用复数（are）。 ◦ 时态一致：从句时态需与主句时态呼应，主句为一般现在时，从句用相应现在时态；主句为一般过去时，从句用相应过去时态，无需考虑客观真理例外（定语从句不考查此考点）。 • 介词判断： ◦ 当空格前是介词时，需填关系代词（which/whom），且介词需与先行词或从句中的动词构成固定搭配（如the pen with which I write，with与write搭配）。 3. 搭配验证，确保定语从句的“合理运用” • 固定搭配：积累定语从句相关的固定介词搭配，如the reason for which（=why）、the place in which（=where）、the person with whom I work（与……一起工作的人）。 • 逻辑搭配：确保引导词、谓语动词、介词与上下文语义一致，如先行词是time，不能填where；先行词是物，不能填who；从句谓语动词单复数需与先行词匹配，避免出现“the book that are”的错误。 二、 实战解题步骤 1. 通读全文，标记定语从句相关线索 快速浏览全文，圈出所有出现的先行词（如person、book、place、time）、主句时态标志词（如says、said、will say）、介词（如in、on、for），建立“定语从句要素线索库”，为后续填空做准备。 2. 逐空分析，锁定语境与语法依据 对每个定语从句相关的空格，先结合前后文确定空格类型（引导词、从句谓语动词、介词），再锁定解题依据：例如： ◦ 第3空 He is the boy ______ (help) me with my English. 先行词the boy（人），从句缺主语，且主句为一般现在时，故填helps；若主句为一般过去时，填helped。 ◦ 第6空 This is the city ______ I was born. 先行词the city（地点），从句缺地点状语，且无介词提前，故填where；若空格前有介词in，填which。 3. 语法检查，确认要素规范无误 填完答案后，回头检查定语从句的核心要素，避免失误： ◦ 引导词：拼写是否正确（如whose不写成who’s），是否与先行词属性、从句成分匹配。 ◦ 谓语动词：单复数是否与先行词一致，时态是否与主句呼应，动词变形是否正确（如过去式、三单形式）。 ◦ 介词：若有介词提前，是否与先行词、从句动词构成固定搭配，关系代词是否用which/whom。 4. 代入验证，通读全文流畅性 将所有答案填入空格，完整读一遍全文，确保： ◦ 定语从句的引导词、谓语动词、介词与主句、先行词衔接自然，无语法矛盾。 ◦ 整个语篇语义连贯，定语从句能准确修饰先行词，不出现语义违和的情况。 ◇题型 03 语法填空中的名词考查 典｜例｜精｜析 典例4（2025·四川绵阳·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式 (不超过3个单词)，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。 Lily, 1 fifteen-year-old girl, manages a program at school—the Buddy Bench (同伴长椅). Students 2 feel lonely at school can go and sit on the “buddy bench”. It makes other kids know that someone needs a friend and that they should invite him or her 3 (play). Lily knows there is nothing 4 (bad) than feeling lonely. With the help of the bench, she 5 (bring) kids together and helps many shy kids make new friends. In 2017, she got the idea at a summer camp. When she 6 (go) back to school, she shared the idea with the headteacher, “I want to do it for our school because I’ve been lonely 7 (I). It’s not a good feeling and I don’t want anyone else to feel that way.” Instead of 8 (use) wood, she decided to make the bench out of bottle caps, which is good for the environment. News of the program quickly got out in different 9 (place), and Lily collected many caps from people around. 10 (recent), Lily has given away more than 200 benches to schools and parks all over the country. And there are plenty more to come. 【答案】 1．a 2．who/that 3．to play 4．worse 5．brings 6．went 7．myself 8．using 9．places 10．Recently 【解析】本文讲述15岁的莉莉在学校设立“同伴长椅”，帮助孤独的学生交友，她用瓶盖制作长椅，还向多地捐赠了200多个。 1．句意：莉莉，一个15岁的女孩，在学校管理一个项目——同伴长椅。根据“fifteen-year-old girl”可知，此处表示泛指，fifteen以辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。 2．句意：在学校感到孤独的学生可以去坐在“同伴长椅”上。此处是定语从句，先行词是Students，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用who/that。故填who/that。 3．句意：这会让其他孩子知道有人需要朋友，他们应该邀请他或她一起玩。根据“invite him or her”可知，invite后接不定式作宾语补足语，用to play。故填to play。 4．句意：莉莉知道没有什么比感到孤独更糟糕的了。根据“than”可知，此处用bad的比较级worse。故填worse。 5．句意：在长椅的帮助下，她把孩子们聚在一起，帮助许多害羞的孩子交到新朋友。根据“helps”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，谓语用brings。故填brings。 6．句意：当她回到学校时，她和校长分享了这个想法。根据“In 2017”可知，时态是一般过去时，go的过去式是went。故填went。 7．句意：我想为我们学校做这件事，因为我自己也孤独过。此处强调“我自己”，用反身代词myself。故填myself。 8．句意：她没有用木头，而是决定用瓶盖做长椅，这对环境有好处。根据“instead of”可知，of是介词，后接动名词using。故填using。 9．句意：这个项目的消息很快在不同的地方传开了，莉莉从周围的人那里收集了很多瓶盖。根据“different”可知，后接place的复数形式places。故填places。 10．句意：最近，莉莉已经向全国各地的学校和公园捐赠了200多个长椅。此处修饰整个句子，用recent的副词形式Recently。故填Recently。 方｜法｜提｜练 步骤1：判断先行词属性 定语从句的核心是“先行词”，先锁定空格前的先行词，判断其属性（人/物/时间/地点/原因），初步确定引导词的选择范围。先行词是人，引导词优先考虑who/that/whom/whose；先行词是物，优先考虑which/that/whose；先行词是时间，优先考虑when；先行词是地点，优先考虑where；先行词是原因，优先考虑why。 例：• 先行词为人（the girl）→ 引导词可选who/that/whom；• 先行词为物（the book）→ 引导词可选which/that；• 先行词为地点（the park）→ 引导词可选where 步骤2：判断引导词类型（关系代词/关系副词） 当确定先行词属性后，结合从句成分判断引导词类型：从句中缺少主语、宾语，用关系代词（who/which/that/whom/whose）；从句中不缺少主语、宾语，仅缺少时间、地点、原因状语，用关系副词（when/where/why）。 • 引导词类型规则： 1. 从句缺主语/宾语：用关系代词，人用who/that（主语）、whom（宾语），物用which/that，表“所属”用whose（人/物均可）。 例：The boy ______ is sitting there is my brother.（从句缺主语，先行词是人）→ 用who/that；This is the pen ______ I lost yesterday.（从句缺宾语，先行词是物）→ 用which/that 2. 从句缺状语：用关系副词，时间用when，地点用where，原因用why。 例：I remember the day ______ we met for the first time.（从句缺时间状语，先行词是时间）→ 用when；This is the shop ______ my mother works.（从句缺地点状语，先行词是地点）→ 用where 步骤3：验证逻辑与语法合理性 “先行词+引导词+从句”的结构，本质是用从句修饰先行词，需确保语义连贯、语法正确：一是引导词与先行词、从句成分匹配；二是从句谓语动词单复数与先行词保持一致；三是结合完形上下文语境，确保定语从句能准确补充先行词的信息，不出现语义矛盾。 例：• The teacher who ______ (teach) us English is very kind. → 先行词the teacher是单数，从句谓语动词用teaches，语义为“教我们英语的老师很善良”，语义通顺、语法正确。• 语境提示“先行词是地点，且从句缺状语”，若误选which（关系代词），则语法错误，需替换为where。 中考高频考点总结 先行词为人+从句缺主语 → 用who/that （如the man who works here）；先行词为人+从句缺宾语 → 用who/whom/that（可省略，如the girl whom I know）； 先行词为物+从句缺主/宾语 → 用which/that （如the bag which I bought）；先行词为物+表所属 → 用whose（如the house whose window is broken）； 先行词为时间/地点/原因+从句缺状语 → 用when/where/why（如the time when we started，the place where we played）； 主谓一致 → 从句谓语动词单复数与先行词一致（如the books that are on the desk）。 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $