Unit 2 课时4 Section A Grammar Focus 语法课课件-七年级英语下册【趣味课堂】精品课件（人教版2024）

Imperative Sentences & Modal Verbs Grammar Focus Unit 2 No Rules, No Order Lesson Objectives: In this lesson, we will be able to: 1. Learn the usages of imperatives and modal verbs(can, have to, must) and use them to express the rules. 2. Be able to use modal verbs and imperative sentences correctly according to the context. 3. Be able to use imperative sentences and modal verbs to discuss rules in learning and life. 目 录 1 2 3 4 Lead in 5 Imperative Sentences Modal Verbs Practice Exercise&Homework Lean-in Read and complete with the right forms. What rules does Mrs. Brown inform(告知) students? Mrs. Brown _____(Walk) in the hallway. Don’t _____(run)! Don’t ______(litter). _____(be) polite and _____(treat) everyone with respect. Walk You mustn’t ______(wear) other clothes to school instead. run wear litter Be treat Can we ______(bring) our phones to class? No, we ______. We must _______(keep) them in our lockers. What rules are Tom and Anne talking about? bring can’t keep Can we ______(eat) snacks in class? No, we can’t______(eat) in class. We have to ________(eat) in the dining hall. eat eat eat Read the sentences. Do the verbs in bold need to change forms? Why? 3a Walk in the hallway. Don’t run! Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter./ You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter. Can we bring our phones to class? No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers. Can we eat snacks in class? No, we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall. 动词原形 Imperatives(祈使句) 动词原形 The usage of modal verbs can/must/have to Grammar I Imperatives(祈使句) 祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。在祈使句中，通常省略主语you, 其肯定形式常以动词原形开头，否定形式是在动词原形前加don't。祈使句句尾用句号或感叹号，读时用降调。为表示礼貌，可以在句首或句末加上 please。句末用 please时，前面通常加逗号。 （一）祈使句的构成 ① Do型祈使句 肯定句 动词原形 (+宾语) (+其他). 否定句 Don’t + 动词原形 (+宾语) (+其他). e.g. Wear the school uniform on school days, please. 上学日请穿校服。 Don’t watch TV before dinner. 晚饭前不要看电视。 Grammar I Imperatives(祈使句) （一）祈使句的构成 ② Be型祈使句 肯定句 Be +表语 (+其他). 否定句 Don’t + be +表语 (+其他). e.g. Be careful next time. 下次要小心。 Don’t be late for school! 上学不要迟到！ Grammar I Imperatives(祈使句) （一）祈使句的构成 ③ Let型祈使句 肯定句 Let +宾语 + 动词原形 (+其他). 否定句 Don’t + let +宾语 + 动词原形 (+其他). 或Let +宾语 + not + 动词原形 (+其他). e.g. Let’s have a rest. 咱们休息一下吧。 Don’t let him go swimming in the river. = Let him not go swimming in the river. 不要让他去河里游泳。 Grammar I Imperatives(祈使句) （一）祈使句的构成 ④ 其他类型的否定祈使句 （1）No + v-ing! / No + 名词！ No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ No fishing! 禁止钓鱼！ No entry! 禁止入内！ No photos! 禁止拍照！(可数名词用复数) （2）never代替don’t来加强语气。 Never give up! 决不放弃！ Grammar I Imperatives(祈使句) （二）祈使句的应答 回答祈使句的肯定形式一般用will, 回答祈使句的否定形式一般用won't。 —Please remember to bring your homework tomorrow. 请记得明天把你的家庭作业带过来。 —Yes, I will. 好的，我会的。 —Don't be late for school again. 上学不要再迟到了。 —Sorry, I won't. 对不起，我不会了。 闯关练习 1. Tom, _______ afraid of speaking in front of people. You are a shining star. A. don't B. not be C. don't be D. not to be 2. —Don't make so much noise, Jack! I'm reading! —_______. A. Yes, I do B. That's OK C. You're right D. Sorry, I won't 一、单项选择。 闯关练习 3. (2024绥化中考改编) “Li Ming, ______ your homework first, and you can watch TV for 30 minutes, " said his mum. A. does B. did C. do D. doing 4. —______ here, please. —Sorry, I will move the car away right now. A. No swimming B. No smoking C. No eating D. No parking 一、单项选择。 闯关练习 1. You should not leave the fruit salad in the air for too long. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ the fruit salad in the air for too long. 2. Lucy, open the door. (改为否定句) Lucy, ________ ________ the door. 3. Remember to come to my birthday party on time. (改为同义句) ________ ________ to come to my birthday party on time. 4. We play basketball after school. (用let改写句子) ________ ________ basketball after school. 5. Don't fight with your classmates. (用you作主语改写句子) You ______________ ________ with your classmates. 二、按要求完成句子。 Don’t leave don’t open Don’t forget Let’s play can’t/mustn’t fight Grammar II Modal verbs(情态动词) （一）情态动词can的用法 情态动词can不能独立作谓语，其后必须接动词原形，它可表示能力、许可、请求或推测等。其否定形式为can't/cannot。 表示能力, 意为“能, 会” The twins can draw, but they can't swim. 那对双胞胎会画画，但是他们不会游泳。 表示许可, 意为“可以” You can't swim in the river. 你不可以在河里游泳。 表示请求, 意为“可以” —Can I borrow your eraser?我可以借用一下你的橡皮吗？ —Yes, you can. 好的，可以。 表示推测, 常用否定形式can't表示“不可能” The book can't be Jim's. Lucy's name is on the cover. 这本书不可能是吉姆的，露西的名字在封面上。 Grammar II Modal verbs(情态动词) （二）情态动词 have to 和 must 的用法 have to ①常强调客观需要，多译为“不得不”； ②有时态、人称和数的变化，其一般现在时的第三人称单数形式 为has to, 过去式为 had to。 have to的否定形式为 don't have to, 表示“不必”。 must ①常表示说话人的主观看法，多译为“必须”； ②没有时态、人称和数的变化。 must的否定形式为mustn't, 表示“禁止，不准”。 Grammar II Modal verbs(情态动词) e.g. He has to drop out of school because his family is poor. 因为家里穷，他不得不退学。（客观需要） You don't have to get up early today. 你今天不必早起。 We must do something to protect the earth. 我们必须做点什么来保护地球。（主观看法） You mustn't talk to your mother like that. 你不准那样跟你妈妈说话。 Grammar II 特别提醒 (1) 情态动词 have to 构成否定句或疑问句时要借助助动词 do。 —Do you have to look after your sister at home? 你得在家照看你的妹妹吗？ —Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 是的，我得照看。/不，我不必照看。 (2) 以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答用must, 否定回答用 needn't或don't have to。 —Must I leave now? 我现在必须离开吗？(因为must的否定形式mustn't意为“禁止，绝不允许”，因此在否定回答中不使用mustn't。‌) —Yes, you must. / No, you needn't ( = don't have to). 是的，你必须。/ 不，你不必。 (3) must还可表示推测，用于肯定句中，意为“一定，肯定”。 The boy in blue must be Tom. 那个穿蓝色衣服的男孩一定是汤姆。 1. Don’t jump the queue. You _____________ wait your turn. 2. I _______ feed may dog many kinds of food, but I ________ give him chocolate. It is bad for him!. 3. A:Can I leave the class if I don’t feel well? B: Yes, but you ______________ tell your teacher about it when you __________ be absent from class. 4. A: Hey! Can I look at your book? B: Shh, we _______________ talk quietly in the library. 5. A: Can you put on your seat belt? We ______________ wear one when we’re in a car. B: Sure. Thanks! have to/must can can’t have to/must have to have to/must have to/must Complete the sentences using can, have to/must, or can’t/mustn’t. 3b Language points 1. Don’t jump the queue. You _____________ wait your turn. 2. I _______ feed may dog many kinds of food, but I ________ give him chocolate. It is bad for him!. 3. A:Can I leave the class if I don’t feel well? B: Yes, but you ______________ tell your teacher about it when you __________ be absent from class. 4. A: Hey! Can I look at your book? B: Shh, we _______________ talk quietly in the library. 5. A: Can you put on your seat belt? We ______________ wear one when we’re in a car. B: Sure. Thanks! have to/must can can’t have to have to/must 相当于jump the line/cut in line 插队 “等着轮到你” 1）wait for... 等候..... /wait to do...等待做某事 2）It’s one’s turn to do... 轮到某人做..... feed sb./sth. 喂某人/某物 feed... on/with sth. 用某物喂.... feed sth. to... 把某物喂给.... be absent from 缺席; 不在 have to/must have to/must leave + 地点 离开某地 leave for + 地点 动身前往某地 leave A for B 离开A地前往B地 由“quiet(adj. 轻声的; 安静的) + -ly(副词后缀)”构成，在句中常修饰动词。 闯关练习 1. (2024宿迁中考) Although(尽管) the little boy is only 6 years old, he ______ do DIYwell with his special mind. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't 2. (宿迁中考)—All of us ______ follow the traffic rules when going out. —Exactly! Safety comes first. A. might B. must C. may D. could 3. (荆州中考)—Mike, I can't stop playing computer games. —For your eyes, my dear friend, I'm afraid you ______. A. could B. may C. would D. have to 一、单项选择。 闯关练习 4. (安顺中考改编)—Jerry, can you play tennis? — ______. It's an easy ball game. A. Yes, I can B. Yes, I can't C. No, I can D. No, I can't 5. (鄂州中考)—______ I take photos here? —Sorry, you can't. It's not allowed(允许) in the museum. A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will 6. —________ I watch TV now? —No, you ________. You ________ finish your homework first. A. Can; can’t; must B. Must; can’t; can C. Can; mustn’t; must D. Must; mustn’t; can 一、单项选择。 闯关练习 1. Must I do the dishes now? (作否定回答) ________, you __________. 2. He has to wear a uniform at school. (改为一般疑问句) ________ he ________ to wear a uniform at school? 3. Tony has to make his bed every morning. (改为否定句) Tony ________ ________ _______ make his bed every morning. 4. You must look after your sister tomorrow. (改为同义句) You ________ _______ look after your sister tomorrow. 5. Alan can tell stories in English. (对画线部分提问) ________ _______ Alan do? 二、按要求完成句子。 No needn’t Does have doesn’t have to have to What can 闯关练习 Jack, your little sister is sleeping. Please ________ (do) turn on the TV. And ________ (look) at your room. It's really untidy. You have ________ clean it up right now. If you don't finish cleaning, you ________ (can) go out to play and you ________ (must) play with your mobile phone. 三、根据语篇要求填空。 don’t look to can’t mustn’t Let’s watch and learn! Do not eat or drink. No eating or drinking. You can’t/mustn’t eat or drink. Where can we see the first sign? In the ________/________. library subway What does it mean? Where can we see the other signs? No型祈使句： No + v-ing! 或 No + 名词！ Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs. 3c Let’s practice ______ ______ park the car. ______ parking. You _______________ park(v. 停车). Do not ________ ________. No ________. You can’t/mustn’t ________ photos. Do not No can’t/mustn’t take photos photos take Where can we see the sign? In the _________. museum ______ ______ swim. No ____________. You can’t/mustn’t _________. Do not ________ animals. No _________. You can’t/mustn’t ________ animals. Do not swimming swim Where can we see the sign? By the _________. river feed feeding feed library school dining hall park cinema hospital In the library, we must keep quiet. We mustn’t make noise. We can’t ... ➸We must keep quiet. ➸We mustn’t make noise. ➸We can’t eat or drink here. noise 【可数/不可数名词】 →adj. noisy 吵闹的; 嘈杂的 make a noise/make noises 制造噪音 In groups, brainstorm(头脑风暴) three rules for one of the places below. Then draw signs to show the rules. Share your signs in class and explain what they mean. 3d in the school dining hall ➸We can’t jump the queue. ➸We can’t waste food. ➸We have to clean the table before we leave. Let’s practice in the park ➸We can’t litter. / Don’t litter. ➸We mustn’t walk on the grass. ➸We mustn’t play with fire. in the cinema ➸We mustn’t smoke here. ➸We must keep quiet while watching. ➸We must sit on the assigned seat shown on the ticket. 我们必须坐在票上指定的座位上。 in the hospital ➸We mustn’t smoke. ➸We have to be quiet. ➸Don’t run in the hallways. Exercises 根据要求或用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Boys and girls, be __________, I have something important to tell you. (quietly) 2. Fasten your _______ _______. Our plane is landing soon. （安全带） 3. the, animals, like, feed, I, to（连词成句） _____________________________. 4. 他们和其他人一起排队，没有插队。 They wait in line with other people, and don’t _______ _____ _______ . 5. 不要在公众场合大声喧哗和制造噪音。 Don’t speak loudly and ________ ________ in public. quiet  seat belt I like to feed the animals jump the queue make noise Summary We learn: 1. Imperative Sentences（祈使句） 肯定形式：以动词原形开头，如 Walk in the hallway. 否定形式：在动词前加 don’t，如 Don’t run in the hallway. 表示礼貌：句首或句末加 please，如 Please sit down. 2. Modal Verbs（情态动词） can / can’t：表示允许或不允许，如 We can’t eat in class. must / mustn’t：表示义务或禁止，如 You must wear a seat belt. have to / don’t have to：表示客观需要，如 I have to tell my teacher. We can: 1. 使用祈使句给出指令或提出请求。 2. 使用情态动词表达规则、义务和禁止。 3. 结合祈使句和情态动词讨论学校、公共场所的规则。 Homework 1. 基础层：用 can / can’t / must / mustn’t / have to 各造一个句子。 2. 提高层：编写一段对话（A与B），内容包含：询问图书馆或 教室里的规则, 使用至少3个祈使句, 使用至少2个情态动词。 3. 拓展层：用 5–6 句话写出该场所的规则，要求使用祈使句和 情态动词。 Thank you! Lavf58.20.100 vid:v0d00fg10000c79tnebc77ue703rlkl0 $