Unit7知识点 Grammar-2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

七年级英语下册Unit7知识点-Grammar语法 学习目标 1. 理解一般过去时的概念，知道它用来谈论过去发生的动作或存在的状态。 2. 掌握规则动词过去式的构成规则（加-ed，以及特殊情况的变化）。 3. 掌握常用不规则动词的过去式。 4. 熟悉一般过去时常见的时间状语（yesterday, last night, ago 等）。 5. 能在具体语境中正确运用一般过去时。 一、什么是一般过去时？ 一般过去时用来谈论在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 例句： - Yesterday Tom asked me a funny question. （昨天汤姆问了我一个好笑的问题。——动作发生在昨天） - He was a teacher three years ago. （三年前他是一名老师。——状态存在于过去） 结构公式： - 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 - 否定句：主语 + did not (didn't) + 动词原形 + 其他 - 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ - 回答：Yes, 主语 + did. / No, 主语 + didn't. 例句： - I made the bed just now. （我刚刚把床铺好。） - She didn't go to the park yesterday. （她昨天没去公园。） - Did you see him last night? （你昨晚看见他了吗？） 二、规则动词的过去式构成 大多数动词的过去式是在词尾加 -ed，但有一些特殊情况。请根据表格补全下列规则。 变化规则 举例 规则说明 大部分动词直接加 -ed ask → asked walk → walked 大多数动词直接加 ________ 以 e 结尾的动词加 -d love → loved arrive → arrived 以 e 结尾的动词加 ________ 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，变 y 为 i，再加 -ed study → studied try → tried 把 y 变成 ________，再加 -ed 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母，再加 -ed shop → shopped stop → stopped 双写最后一个 ________，再加 -ed 挖空练习：写出下列动词的过去式。 1. play → ________ 2. like → ________ 3. cry → ________ 4. plan → ________ 5. carry → ________ 6. dance → ________ 7. drop → ________ 8. enjoy → ________ 三、不规则动词的过去式 不规则动词的过去式没有统一的规则，需要特别记忆。以下是一些常见的不规则动词变化： 变化类型 原形 过去式 保持不变 put cut set put cut set 元音变化 come begin drink sing swim came began drank sang swam 辅音变化 lend build send lent built sent 元音、辅音均变化 catch buy teach think caught bought taught thought 特殊变化 am/is are go do have/has was were went did had 挖空练习：写出下列动词的过去式。 1. see → ________ 2. eat → ________ 3. take → ________ 4. give → ________ 5. make → ________ 6. tell → ________ 7. leave → ________ 8. meet → ________ 四、一般过去时的时间状语 在使用一般过去时的句子中，常常有明确的表示过去时间的状语。常见的有： 时间状语 含义 例句 just now 刚才 I finished my homework just now. yesterday 昨天 He visited me yesterday. yesterday morning/afternoon/evening 昨天早上/下午/晚上 She called yesterday evening. last night/week/month/year 昨晚/上周/上个月/去年 We went to the park last week. the day before yesterday 前天 They arrived the day before yesterday. two days ago / a week ago / three years ago 两天前/一周前/三年前 I moved here two years ago. in 2008 / in 2022 在2008年/2022年 He was born in 2008. 五、配套练习 A. 单项选择 ( ) 1. I _______ a new bike yesterday.  A. buy B. buys C. bought D. am buying ( ) 2. She _______ to the park with her friends last Sunday.  A. go B. goes C. went D. is going ( ) 3. — _______ you see the film last night? — Yes, I _______.  A. Did; did B. Do; do C. Were; was D. Was; was ( ) 4. My family _______ a camping trip last weekend.  A. plan B. planned C. planning D. plans ( ) 5. He _______ at home yesterday morning.  A. wasn't B. didn't C. aren't D. isn't B. 写出下列动词的过去式 1. play → ________ 2. study → ________ 3. stop → ________ 4. love → ________ 5. go → ________ 6. have → ________ 7. do → ________ 8. see → ________ 9. eat → ________ 10. take → ________ C. 用所给动词的过去式填空 1. My family ________ (plan) a camping trip with my aunt's family last week. 2. Dad ________ (buy) a new tent online. 3. Mum ________ (shop) for all kinds of food in the supermarket. 4. I ________ (prepare) some games. 5. Last Saturday, we ________ (leave) early in the morning. 6. We ________ (meet) my aunt's family on the way. 7. They ________ (take) their pet dog with them. 8. It ________ (be) a great experience, and all of us ________ (have) lots of fun. D. 完成对话（用所给动词的过去式） Amy is telling Simon about her family's camping trip. Complete their conversation. Amy: I went camping for the first time last weekend. We (1) ________ (walk) around the lake, and we also (2) ________ (go) fishing in the lake. We (3) ________ (have) so much fun. Simon: That's cool. Amy: Yes. We (4) ________ (have) a picnic on the grass. The food (5) ________ (be) delicious! Simon: It sounds wonderful! Amy: I (6) ________ (enjoy) the camping trip because of the fresh air and peace and quiet in the countryside. Simon: How lovely! I can't wait to do it too. E. 完成短文（用所给动词的过去式） Amy is writing about her camping trip last weekend. Complete her writing. Last weekend, I went camping with my family. We (1) ________ (stay) at a campsite near a lake. The view in that area (2) ________ (be) beautiful. We (3) ________ (sleep) in a tent at night. Shirley and I (4) ________ (be) a little afraid of the dark at first. Dad (5) ________ (tell) some interesting stories about his childhood. And I was much more relaxed. Then I (6) ________ (go) to sleep to the sound of nature. F. 按要求改写句子 1. I played basketball yesterday. （改为否定句） → I ________ ________ basketball yesterday. 2. She visited her grandmother last week. （改为一般疑问句） → ________ she ________ her grandmother last week? 3. They went to the park on Sunday. （对划线部分提问） → ________ ________ they ________ on Sunday? 4. He was at home last night. （改为否定句） → He ________ at home last night. G. 翻译句子 1. 我昨天买了一本新书。 → I ________ a new book yesterday. 2. 他们上周去了长城。 → They ________ to the Great Wall last week. 3. 你昨晚看电视了吗？ → ________ you ________ TV last night? 4. 她三年前是一名老师。 → She ________ a teacher three years ________. 5. 我们刚才吃了晚饭。 → We ________ dinner just now. 参考答案 A. 单项选择 1. C（yesterday 用过去式 bought） 2. C（last Sunday 用过去式 went） 3. A（Did you see...? 回答 Yes, I did.） 4. B（last weekend 用过去式 planned） 5. A（yesterday morning 用过去式 was，否定 was not） B. 动词过去式 1. played 2. studied 3. stopped 4. loved 5. went 6. had 7. did 8. saw 9. ate 10. took C. 填空 1. planned 2. bought 3. shopped 4. prepared 5. left 6. met 7. took 8. was; had D. 对话填空 1. walked 2. went 3. had 4. had 5. was 6. enjoyed E. 短文填空 1. stayed 2. was 3. slept 4. were 5. told 6. went F. 句型转换 1. didn't play 2. Did; visit 3. Where did; go 4. wasn't G. 翻译 1. bought 2. went 3. Did; watch 4. was; ago 5. had 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $