Unit 3 语法专项-Word Power 课件 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

教学课件 译林英语八年级上册 Unit3 语法专项 +Word Power 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 1.掌握副词比较级与最高级的构成规则和核心用法 2.熟记反身代词的形式,能在语境中正确运用 3.理解后缀-er/-or/-ist的构词含义,掌握职业名词转化 4.能完成填空、句型转换、单选、改错等多样题型 5.能在语境中综合运用本单元语法和词汇知识 语法核心一:副词比较级与最高级(核心导入) 副词比较级用于两者动作/表现的比较,表“更……” 副词最高级用于三者及以上的比较,表“最……” 核心考点:副词最高级前的定冠词the可省略 比较依据:根据副词音节数,区分不同变化规则 副词比较级与最高级构成规则表 类型 变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节副词 直接加-er/-est fast、hard faster、harder fastest、hardest 多音节副词 词前加more/most quickly、carefully more quickly most carefully 不规则变化 特殊记忆,无规律 well、badly、far better、worse、farther best、worst、farthest 单/多音节副词 变化详解 单音节副词:无特殊词尾,直接加-er/-est,无需加more/most 例:high higher highest;early earlier earliest 多音节副词:以ly结尾的副词多为多音节,必须加more/most 例:slowly more slowly most slowly;beautifully more beautifully 副词不规则变化 重点详解 不规则变化无规律,需单独熟记,为高频考点 well better best:修饰动词,表“做得好” badly worse worst:修饰动词,表“做得糟” far farther/further farthest:farther表距离,further表程度 注:副词不规则变化与对应形容词变化一致 副词比较级与最高级 用法例句 原级:Lily reads fast.(莉莉读书很快。) 比较级:Lucy reads faster than Lily.(露西比莉莉读书快。) 最高级:Ann reads (the) fastest of the three.(安是三人中读得最快的。) 注:最高级后接范围状语,the加或不加均正确 副词比较级与最高级 易错点 1.单音节副词不可加more/most,如more fast( ) faster(√) 2.副词最高级的the可省,形容词最高级的the不可省 3.修饰动词用副词比较级/最高级,不可用形容词 4.比较级后接than,最高级后接in/of/among等范围状语 语法核心二:反身代词(核心导入) 反身代词表“自己”,用于主语和宾语为同一人/事物时 不能单独作句子主语,可作宾语、表语、同位语 核心搭配:by oneself(独自)、teach oneself(自学) 形式特点:由人称代词宾格+self/selves构成,分单复数 反身代词完整形式表 人称 单数形式 复数形式 适用主语 第一人称 myself(我自己) ourselves(我们自己) I、we 第二人称 yourself(你自己) yourselves(你们自己) you、you 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves he/she/it、they 反身代词 功能用法 1.作宾语:He taught himself English.(他自学英语。) 2.作表语:The girl in the photo is herself.(照片里的女孩是她自己。) 3.作同位语:I myself finished the work.(我自己完成了这项工作。) 4.固定搭配:enjoy oneself(玩得开心)、look after oneself(照顾自己) 反身代词 经典例句&搭配 核心搭配例句: 1.We enjoyed ourselves at the party.(我们在派对上玩得很开心。) 2.You can do the work by yourself.(你可以独自做这项工作。) 3.She often looks after herself at home.(她经常在家自己照顾自己。) 4.The cat washed itself after eating.(小猫吃完东西后自己舔毛。) 反身代词 易错点 1.不可单独作主语,如Myself went to school( ) I went to school(√) 2.主语和宾语不同时,不可用反身代词 3.单复数对应一致,如we对应ourselves,不可用ourself 4.固定搭配中反身代词需与主语保持人称一致 Word Power 核心:后缀-er/-or/-ist构词法 三类后缀均用于将动词/名词转化为职业/身份名词 表“从事某类工作/活动的人”,为名词后缀 核心规则:不同词根对应固定后缀,部分有特殊拼写变化 高频考点:特殊变化的职业名词,需单独记忆 后缀-er/-or/-ist 核心构词表 后缀 搭配词根(动/名) 对应职业名词 含义 -er print、win、visit printer、winner、visitor 印刷工、赢家、游客 -or invent、manage inventor、manager 发明家、经理 -ist tour、science、piano tourist、scientist、pianist 游客、科学家、钢琴家 后缀-er 特殊拼写变化 以不发音e结尾的动词,加-er时先去e,再加后缀 dance(动词,跳舞) dancer(舞蹈家) write(动词,写作) writer(作家) close(动词,关闭) closer(闭合器,拓展) save(动词,拯救) saver(拯救者,拓展) 后缀-ist 特殊拼写变化 部分名词加-ist时,需先做词根变形,再加后缀 biology(名词,生物) biologist(生物学家)(去y加-ist) art(名词,艺术) artist(艺术家)(直接加-ist) music(名词,音乐) musician(音乐家)(特殊后缀,拓展) 职业名词 构词例句&辨析 1.Benjamin is an inventor and a scientist.(本杰明是发明家也是科学家。) 2.My mother is a writer and my father is a manager.(妈妈是作家,爸爸是经理。) 3.A person who plays the piano is a pianist.(弹钢琴的人是钢琴家。) 4.Visitor和tourist均表“游客”,可通用 语法小练1:副词比较级与最高级填空 1.He runs _ (fast) than his brother. 2.She speaks English _ (well) in her class. 3.They work _ (hard) than the other team. 4.Lily sings _ (beautifully) than Lucy. 5.This machine works _ (badly) than that one. 6.He finished the work _ (quickly) of all. faster worse (the) best harder more beautifully (the) most quickly 语法小练2:反身代词填空 1.I can finish the homework by _ (I). 2.She taught _ (she) to play the guitar. 3.You should take care of _ (you). 4.They enjoyed _ (they) in the park. 5.The boy hurt _ (he) when playing football. 6.The dog found _ (it) a nice bone. myself herself yourself themselves himself itself 词汇小练:后缀构词填空 1.A person who invents things is an _ (invent). 2.A person who writes books is a _ (write). 3.A person who plays the piano is a _ (piano). 4.A person who manages a company is a _ (manage). 5.A person who dances is a _ (dance). 6.A person who studies science is a _ (science). inventor writer pianist manager dancer scientist 句型转换小练 1.He runs fast. She runs faster.(合并)She runs _ _ him. 2.She sings the best in our class.(比较级) She sings better than _ _ student. 3.I can do it alone.(同义句)I can do it _ _. 4.They enjoyed themselves at the party.(同义句) They _ _ _ _at the party. 5.He works hard. We work harder.(合并)We work _ _ him. 6.She speaks English more fluently than me.(原级否定) I don’t speak English _ _ _ her. faster than any other by myself had a good time harder than as fluently as 单项选择小练 从A、B、C、D中选出最佳答案 1.Who runs _, Li Ming or Wang Hong? A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 2.He speaks English _ than his sister. A. better B. well C. good D. best 3.She taught _ to swim last summer. A. her B. herself C. she D. hers B A B 4.We should learn to look after _. A. us B. our C. ourselves D. ours 5.A person who plays the piano is a _. A. piano B. pianist C. pianer D. pianistist 6.He works _ in his factory. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest 7.She dances _ than any other girl in her class. A. more beautifully B. beautifully C. beautiful D. more beautiful C B D A 短文填空小练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 My brother is a good student. He studies _ (hard) than me. He listens to the teacher _ (carefully) in class and does his homework _ (quickly) of all his classmates. He often teaches _ (he) new knowledge by reading books. He wants to be a _ (science) in the future. He says he will learn _ (well) and make more progress. He hopes he can enjoy _ (he) in his study life. harder (the) most carefully (the) mostquickly himself scientist better himself 短文填空小练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 There are three singers in the show. Lily sings _ (well) than Lucy, and Ann sings _ (beautifully) of the three. Ann is a good _ (sing) and she also teaches _ (she) to play the guitar. She says she learned to play by _ (she) when she was young. She wants to be a famous _ (music) in the future. She works _ (hard) every day and sings _ (loudly) in the practice room. better (the) most beautifully singer herself herself musician hard (the) loudest 改错题小练 1.He runs more fast than his deskmate. 错误:_ 改正:_ 2.She is the most carefully in her class. 错误:_ 改正:_ 3.I can finish the work me. 错误:_ 改正:_ 4.He is a invent who made many things. 错误:_ 改正:_ 5.She is a piano who plays very well. 错误:_ 改正:_ 6.We enjoyed us at the weekend. 错误:_ 改正:_ more fast faster carefully careful me myself invent inventor piano pianist us ourselves 单元重点 易混点辨析 1.副词vs形容词比较级:副词修饰动词,形容词修饰名词/代词 2.反身代词:不可作主语,单复数需与主语对应 3.后缀-er/-or:均表职业,无规律,固定搭配词根 4.副词最高级:the可省,形容词最高级:the不可省 5.单音节副词:直接加-er/-est,不可加more/most 单元核心 知识梳理 1.副词比较级/最高级:按音节分变化规则,不规则变化单独记,the可省 2.反身代词:宾格+self/selves,作宾/表/同位语,固定搭配要熟记 3.构词法:-er/-or/-ist将动/名转化为职业名词,特殊拼写单独记 4.核心搭配:by oneself、teach oneself、enjoy oneself、look after oneself 5.解题技巧:先判断词性/句式,再根据规则填正确形式 教学课件 Unit3 语法专项 +Word Power Thank you for listening! 30 $