内容正文:
小升初英语专题总复习
专题14 There be句型
There be句型定义
考点一
there be句型在小学阶段的核心定义是:用来表示 “某地/某时有某物、某人存在” 的基础句型,重点体现 “事物的客观存在”,而非 “谁拥有某物”。
✅ 注意区分there be句型和have的区别:
there be:表 “存在”(比如 “教室里有一张桌子”,是客观存在的物品);
have:表 “所属”(比如 “我有一张桌子”,是 “我” 拥有这个物品)。
例:There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。(强调的是“书”这一物品的存在)
I have a book. 我有一本书。(强调的是“我”拥有“书”)
考点再现
( ) 1. ______ a red pen in my pencil-box.
A. There is B. Have C. Has
( ) 2. My parents ______ two children—my brother and me.
A. There are B. have C. There is
( ) 3. ______ some bread on the plate.
A. There is B. Have C. Has
( ) 4. Our classroom ______ four big windows and two doors.
A. There are B. has C. There is
( ) 5. ______ a park near my home, and I ______ a bike to go there.
A. There are; has B. Have; there is C. There is; have
过关训练
一、改错,对的打√,错的打×,并改正。
1. There have a dog in the garden. ( ) 改正:______
2. My teacher has two big eyes. ( ) 改正:______
3. There are some bread on the table. ( ) 改正:______
二、填入正确的形式。
1. ______ (There be/have) a cat under the chair. It ______ (there be/have) a long tail.
2. We______ (there be/have) five pencils, and ______ (there be/have) a pencil box on the desk.
3. ______ (There be/have) some rice. My grandma ______ (there be/have) a spoon for me.
核心结构
考点二
✅ There be基本句型
一、肯定句
1. 单数名词/不可数名词作主语
结构:There is+单数名词/不可数名词+地点/时间状语.
关键:be动词用is,对应 “一个/一类单数事物” 或 “无法计数的事物”
例:There is a book on the desk.书桌上有一本书。(book“书”是可数名词单数)
There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。(water“水”是不可数名词)
2. 复数名词作主语
结构:There are +复数名词+地点/时间状语.
关键:be动词用are,对应 “两个及以上的事物”
例:There are three pens in my bag. 我的书包里有三支笔。
There are many trees in the park. 公园里有很多树。
3. 多个主语并列(就近原则)
结构:There is/are + 第一个主语 + and + 其他主语 + 地点 / 时间状语.
关键:be动词只看“离它最近的主语”单复数,不管后面的主语
例:There is a dog and two cats in the room. 房间里有一只狗和两只猫。(最近的主语是a dog)
There are two cats and a dog in the room. 房间里有两只猫和一只狗。(最近的主语是two cats)
二、否定句
There be句型的核心是表示 “某地/某时有某物/某人”,其否定句的构成规则简单、变化单一,只需在be动词后直接加否定词即可,无需改变句子其他结构,是英语基础句型中最易掌握的否定形式之一。
基本结构:There + be动词+ not +a/an/any+名词/代词(+地点/时间状语)
替换结构:There + be动词+ no+名词+状语
注意:否定直接在be动词(am/is/are/was/were等)后加not,名词、地点状语等均保持不变。
名词类型
基础否定
替换否定
主语为不可数
一般现在时:
There is not any +不可数名词+状语.
一般过去时:
There was not any +不可数名词+状语
一般现在时:
There is no +不可数名词+状语.
一般过去时:
There was no +不可数名词+状语
例句
There isn’t a park near my home.
There wasn’t any rice in the bowl.
There is no park near my home.
There was no rice in the bowl.
主语为单数
一般现在时:
There is not a/an +可数名词单数+状语
一般过去时:
There was not a/an +可数名词单数+状语
一般现在时:
There is no +可数名词单数+状语
一般过去时:
There was no +可数名词单数+状语
例句
There isn’t a pen on the table.
There wasn’t a library in my school.
There is no pen on the table.
There was no library in my school.
主语为复数
一般现在时:
There are not any+可数名词复数+状语
一般过去时:
There were not any+可数名词复数+状语
一般现在时:
There are no +可数名词复数+状语
一般过去时:
There were no +可数名词复数+状语
例句
There aren’t any trees here.
There weren’t any flowers in the park.
There are no trees here.
There were no flowers in the park.
注:以上表格中的状语均指时间/地点状语。
三、一般疑问句
There be 句型的一般疑问句核心是把 be 动词提前至句首,句末加问号,其余结构稍作调整即可。
一般疑问句结构:Be + there +名词+地点/时间状语?
核心变化:仅将 be 动词(is/are/was/were 等)提到句首,首字母大写;There 位置后移,其余成分位置不变。
细节调整:肯定句中表 “一些” 的some,疑问句中需换成any(和否定句规则一致);no 修饰名词时,疑问句直接保留 no 即可。
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般疑问句
Be+there+名词+状语?
Be + there +名词+状语?
主语是不可数名词
Is+there+any+不可数名词+状语?
Was+there+any+不可数名词+状语?
答语
肯定回答:Yes, there is.
否定回答:No, there isn't.
肯定回答:Yes, there was.
否定回答:No, there wasn’t.
例句
—Is there any bread on the table?
—Yes, there is.
—Was there any bread on the table ?
—Yes, there was.
主语是单数
Is+there+a/an+名词单数+状语?
Was+there+a/an+名词单数+状语?
答语
肯定回答:Yes, there is.
否定回答:No, there isn't.
肯定回答:Yes, there was.
否定回答:No, there wasn’t.
例句
—Is there an eraser in the bag?
—No, there isn't.
—Was there a library before?
—No, there wasn’t.
主语是复数
Are+there+any+名词复数+状语?
Were+there+any+名词复数+状语?
答语
肯定回答:Yes, there are.
否定回答:No, there aren’t.
肯定回答:Yes, there were.
否定回答:No, there weren’t.
例句
—Are there any tall trees?
—Yes, there are.
—Were there any computers before?
—Yes, there were.
注:以上表格中的状语均指时间/地点状语。
✅ There be拓展句型
特殊疑问句
结构:特殊疑问词+ Is/Are there +主语+地点状语?
1. 问 “有什么”(用 what 引导)
结构:—What's +地点状语?(what作主语时,be动词统一用is,无需纠结单复数)
—There is/are +主语.
例句:—What's in your schoolbag?你的书包里面有什么?
—There are some books and a pencil box. 有一些书和一个文具盒。
2. 问 “可数名词数量”(how many引导)
结构:—How many +可数复数名词+are there +地点状语?
—There are+数字.
(提示:how many 后必须接复数名词,be动词固定用 are。)
例句:—How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少个学生?
—There are 45. 有45个学生。
3. 问 “不可数名词数量”(how much 引导)
结构: How much +不可数名词+is there+地点状语?
(how much 后接不可数名词(water/rice/milk 等),be 动词固定用 is。)
例句:—How much milk is there in the bottle?瓶子里还有多少牛奶?
—A little. 一点点。
✅ There be句型中的地点状语
方位介词
含义
例句
in
在……里面
There is a pen in the bag. 书包里有一支笔。
on
在……上面
There are books on the desk. 书桌上有书。
under
在……下面
There is a ball under the chair. 椅子下有一个球。
near
在……附近
There is a park near my home. 我家附近有一个公园。
behind
在……后面
There are trees behind the school. 学校后面有树。
next to
紧挨着
There is a shop next to the library. 图书馆旁边有一家商店。
beside
在……旁边
There is a plant beside the sofa. 沙发旁边有一个盆栽。
in front of
在……前面
There is a big tree in front of our house.我们家前面有一棵大树。
小学高频地点短语
in the classroom在教室里、on the blackboard在黑板上、in the box在盒子里
in the park在公园里、on the street在街上、near the river在河边
in my room在我的房间里、on the table在桌子上、under the bed在床底下
考点再现
一、用be动词相应形式填空。
1. There ______ a blackboard on the wall of our classroom.
2. There ______ some milk in the cup on the teacher’s desk.
3. There ______ forty students in our class.
4. There ______ a pen and five pencils in my schoolbag.
5. There ______ some books and a ruler on the desk.
6. There ______ an eraser under the chair.
7. There ______ no water in the bottle now.
8. There ______ two windows and a door in the classroom.
9. There ______ a nice picture near the window.
10. There ______ some bread and eggs for breakfast at school.
二、按要求改写句子。
1. There is a map on the wall.(改为否定句)
__________________________________________________________
2. There are some desks in the classroom.(改为一般疑问句)
__________________________________________________________
3. There is some juice in the glass.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
__________________________________________________________
三、填入合适的方位介词。in on under in front of behind
1.There are two basketballs ____________ the door of the gym (体育馆).
2.There are some shoes ____________ the chair in the classroom.
3.There is a big tree ____________ our school gate.
4.There are some pictures ____________ the wall.
5.There is a pencil-box ____________ my schoolbag.
过关训练
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. There ______ a pencil and two erasers on the desk.
A. is B. are C. have
( )2. —Is there a map near the window?
—______
A. Yes, there are B. No, there isn’t C. It’s on the wall
( ) 3. There aren’t ______ books in my schoolbag. I need to buy some.
A. some B. any C. a
( ) 4. How many desks ______ there in your classroom?
A. is B. does C. are
( ) 5. There is some milk ______ the glass.
A. in B. on C. under
二、找出错误处划横线,将正确答案写在横线上
1. There are a pen in my pencil-box. ________________________
2. There is some apples on the plate. ________________________
3. There are some milk in the cup. ________________________
4. Is there some rice in the bowl? ________________________
5. There is two cats and a dog in the room. ________________________
There be句型关键规则
考点三
✅ 就近原则
定义:there be句型中,be动词的单复数形式,只由离它最近的主语决定,与后面其他并列主语无关—近单则单(is),近复则复(are),像 “看近不看远” 的判断规则。
1. 离be动词最近的主语是 “单数/不可数名词”,be动词用is
结构:There is +单数/不可数主语+ and +其他主语+状语
例句:There is a book and two pens on the desk. 书桌上有一本书和两支笔。
There is some milk and apples in the fridge. 冰箱里有一些牛奶和苹果。
2.离be动词最近的主语是“复数名词”,be动词用are
结构:There are +复数主语+ and +其他主语+状语
例句:There are two pens and a book on the desk. 书桌上有两支笔和一本书。
There are three students and a teacher in the classroom. 教室里有三名学生和一位老师。
记忆口诀:
there be有特点,be动词看前面;
近单is,近复are,其他主语不用管;
单数不可数用is,复数靠近就用are。
✅ 主谓一致
1. 主语为 “单数名词”,be动词用is
结构:There is+单数名词+状语
例句:There is a cat in the room. 房间里有一只猫。
2.主语为 “不可数名词”,be 动词用is
结构:There is+不可数名词+状语
例句:There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。
3.主语为“复数名词”,be动词用are
结构:There are +复数名词+状语
例句:There are three books in the bag. 书包里有三本书。
✅ some和any区别运用
区别:some表“一些”,用于肯定句;any 表“一些 / 任何”,用于否定句和疑问句,均修饰可数复数名词或不可数名词。
1. 肯定句中用some
结构:There is/are+some+可数复数/不可数名词+状语
例句:There are some books on the desk. 书桌上有一些书。
2. 否定句中用any
结构:There isn’t/aren’t+any+可数复数/不可数名词+状语
例句:There aren’t any pens in my bag. 我的书包里没有任何笔。
3. 疑问句中用 any(特殊情况除外)
结构:Is/Are there+any+可数复数/不可数名词+状语?
例句:Are there any students in the classroom? 教室里有学生吗?
特殊情况:希望得到肯定回答的疑问句(如请求、邀请),用some不用any。
记忆口诀:
some 用在肯定句,any 用在否疑里;
可数不可数都能接,be 动词跟着名词变;
请求邀请想肯定,some 也能放疑问。
考点再现
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. There ______ a pencil and two crayons on the desk.
A. is B. are C. have
( ) 2. There ______ five books and a ruler in my schoolbag.
A. is B. are C. has
( ) 3. There ______ some milk and bread on the breakfast table.
A. is B. are C. have
( ) 4. There ______ an eraser and three pens under the chair.
A. is B. are C. has
( ) 5. There ______ two windows and a door in our classroom.
A. is B. are C. have
二、用some和any填空。
1.There are ______ new books in our school library.
2.There isn’t ______ rice in the lunch box.
3.—Is there ______ water in your bottle? —Yes, there is ______.
4.There aren’t ______ crayons on the desk. Can you give me ______?
5.There is ______ milk in the fridge for breakfast.
过关训练
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. There ______ some flowers and a tree in front of the school.
A. is B. are C. am
( ) 2. —______ is in your pencil-box? —There is a ruler and an eraser.
A. How many B. Where C. What
( ) 3.There is ______ bread on the table for breakfast.
A. some B. any C. an
( ) 4.There ______ no water in the bottle now. Let’s get some.
A. is B. are C. have
( ) 5.—How much juice ______ there in the cup? —A little.
A. was B. are C. is
二、填入恰当的单词。
1.There aren’t ______ desks and ______ blackboard in the small room.
2.There ______ some juice and two cups ______ the teacher’s desk.
3.—Is there ______ bread and some eggs near the window?
—No, there ______.
4. There ______ three students and ______ teacher in the classroom.
5.There isn’t ______ paper and ______ pen on the blackboard.
小学高频易错知识点
考点四
✅ 易混淆知识点
混淆点分类
正确用法
记忆口诀
单数/复数名词搭配错误
规则:一个/单数名词用is,两个及以上/复数名词用are
单名用is,复名用are
不可数名词搭配错误
不可数名词固定is,与some/any 无关
不可数名词,永远用is
并列主语(就近原则)误用
and连接多个主语,be动词只看离它最近的主语单复数
并列主语,看近不看远
some/any修饰时的误导性错误
some/any 仅表 “一些”,不决定 be动词,仍看后面名词属性
some/any 是配角,名词定 be动词
考点再现
一、易错点填空。
1. There ______ a ruler and ______ (some/any) crayons in my pencil-box.
2. There ______ some books and ______ (a/an) eraser on the desk.
3. —______ (Is/Are) there ______ (some/any) milk on the table? —Yes, there ______.
二、单项选择。
( ) 1.There is no ______ and no ______ for breakfast.
A. bread; egg B. bread; eggs C. breads; egg
( ) 2.There aren’t ______ pencils ______ a ruler in my bag.
A. some; and B. any; or C. any; and
( ) 3.There is a book ______ the chair ______ the floor.
A. under; on B. on; under C. in; on
过关训练
一、改错。
1.There aren’t any apples and pears on the plate. ____________
2.What are in your schoolbag? ____________
3.There is two cats and a dog in the room. ____________
4.Is there some rice in the bowl? ____________
5.There are some milk in the cup on the table. ____________
二、按要求改写句子。
1.There is a pen and some books on the desk.(改为否定句)
____________________________________________________________
2.There are some desks and a chair in the classroom.(改为一般疑问句)
____________________________________________________________
3.There is some milk and an egg on the table.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
____________________________________________________________
一、单项选择。
( ) 1.There ______ many desks in our classroom.
A. is B. are C. have
( ) 2.There ______ a nice map on the blackboard.
A. is B. are C. am
( ) 3.—Is there an eraser in your pencil-box? —______.
A. Yes, there are B. No, there isn’t C. It’s a pencil
( ) 4.There isn’t ______ water in the cup. I need to add some.
A. some B. any C. a
( ) 5.There ______ a pen and two crayons on the desk.
A. is B. are C. has
二、按要求改写句子,每空一词。
1.There is a blackboard in the classroom.(改为否定句)
There _______ _______ a blackboard in the classroom.
2.There are some pens in the schoolbag.(改为一般疑问句)
_______ there _______ pens in the schoolbag?
3.There are twelve books on the desk.(对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ books are there on the desk?
4.The ruler is under the chair.(对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ the ruler?
5.There is a pencil and two erasers on the book.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
—_______ there a pencil and two erasers on the book?
—Yes, _______ _______.
三、连词成句。
1.there, a, pen, is, the, in, pencil-box (.)
____________________________________________________________
2.are, there, any, chairs, near, the, door (?)
____________________________________________________________
3.there, some, milk, is, the, in, cup (.)
____________________________________________________________
4.how many, desks, are, there, your, in, class (?)
____________________________________________________________
5.there, a, map, and, some, flowers, is, near, the, window (.)
____________________________________________________________
四、根据短文内容,选择正确答案。
Our school has a nice library. It is on the first floor. It is not big, but it has many books. There is a big desk near the door for the teacher. On the teacher’s desk, there is a computer and some paper. There are five big bookshelves in the library. On the bookshelves, there are storybooks, English books and science books. There is a small table between two bookshelves. On the table, there is some water and two cups for students. There aren’t any toys or snacks in the library. We can read books here after class. There are always some students in the library in the afternoon. It’s a good place for us to study.
( ) 1. Where is the school library?
A. On the first floor. B. Near the classroom. C. Next to the playground.
( ) 2. How many bookshelves are there in the library?
A. Three. B. Five. C. Six.
( ) 3. What is between two bookshelves?
A teacher’s desk. B. A small table. C. Some water and cups.
( ) 4. There isn’t any ______ in the library.
A. English books B. storybooks C. snacks
( ) 5. Which is NOT TRUE (不正确的)?
A. There is a computer on the teacher’s desk.
B. There are some students in the library in the afternoon.
C. There is a big table near the door.
答案与解析
考点一:
考点再现:1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C
解析:1.句子描述的是“我的铅笔盒里有一支红色的钢笔”,表示存在用"There is"。"Have"和"Has"表示拥有,主语通常是人,而这里的主语是物(铅笔盒),所以不适用。故选A。
2.句子描述的是“我的父母有两个孩子”,表示拥有关系用"have"。"There are"表示存在,不适用于此句;"There is"同样表示存在,且主语应为单数,与句意不符。故选B。
3.句子描述的是“盘子里有一些面包”,表示存在用"There is"。"Have"和"Has"主语通常是人,这里的主语是物(盘子),所以不适用。故选A。
4.句子描述的是“我们的教室有四扇大窗户和两扇门”,表示教室拥有的特征用"has"。"There are"虽然可以表示存在,但此处更强调教室的属性,而非单纯的存在;"There is"主语应为单数,与句意不符。故选B。
5.第一空描述的是“我家附近有一个公园”,表示存在用"There is";第二空描述的是“我有一辆自行车去那里”,表示拥有用"have"。故选C。
过关训练:
一、1. ×, have-is; 2. √; 3. ×, are-is
解析:1."There"不能与"have"连用表示存在,应使用"There is"或"There are"。此处主语为单数,故用"There is"。故have变is。
2. 句子正确,表示“我的老师有两只大眼睛”,用"has"表示拥有。
3. "bread"为不可数名词,应与"There is"连用,而非"There are"。故are变is。
二、1. There is, has; 2. have, there is; 3. There is, has
解析:1.第一空描述存在关系,用"There is";第二空描述猫拥有的特征,用"has"。
2.第一空描述我们拥有的物品,用"have";第二空描述桌子上存在的物品,用"There is"。
3.第一空描述存在的物品(米饭),且"rice"为不可数名词,用"There is";第二空描述奶奶拥有的物品(勺子),用"has"。
考点二:
考点再现:
一、is; is; are; is; are; is; is; are; is; is
解析:1."a blackboard"是单数名词,所以be动词用单数形式"is"。
2."milk"是不可数名词,尽管前有"some"修饰,但仍视为单数,be动词用"is"。
3."forty students"是复数名词,be动词用复数形式"are"。
4.当"there be"句型中有多个名词时,be动词的形式通常与第一个名词保持一致,此处"a pen"是单数,所以用"is"。
5.尽管"a ruler"是单数,但"some books"是复数,且通常"there be"句型中be动词与最近的名词在数上保持一致的原则在这里更侧重于整体描述,且“some books”离be动词更近,故用复数形式"are"。
6."an eraser"是单数名词,be动词用"is"。
7."water"是不可数名词,be动词用"is"。
8."two windows"是复数名词,尽管后面有"a door",但be动词形式通常与第一个名词保持一致的原则在这里更侧重于整体描述,且“two windows”是复数且离be动词更近,故用复数形式"are"。
9."a nice picture"是单数名词,be动词用"is"。
10. "some bread and eggs"中,"eggs"是复数,尽管"bread"是不可数名词,但按照"there be"句型中be动词与最近的名词在数上倾向于保持一致,故常用复数形式"are"。
二、1. There isn't a map on the wall.
2.Are there any desks in the classroom?
3.—Is there any juice in the glass? —No, there isn't.
三、behind; under; in front of; on; in
过关训练:
一、ABBCA
解析:1.在"there be"句型中,当有多个名词时,be动词的形式通常与第一个名词保持一致。此处"a pencil"是单数,所以用"is"。故选A。
2.问句是"there be"句型的一般疑问句,肯定回答用"Yes, there is.",否定回答用"No, there isn't."。故选B。
3.在否定句中,通常用"any"表示“一些”。"some"用于肯定句。故选B。
4."how many"后接可数名词复数,询问数量,所以be动词用复数形式"are"。"is"用于单数,"does"是助动词,用于构成疑问句或否定句,但此处需要be动词。故选C。
5.描述牛奶在玻璃杯里面,用介词"in"。"on"表示在……上面,"under"表示在……下面,均与句意不符。故选A。
二、1. are改为is; 2. is改为are; 3. are改为is; 4. some改为any; 5. is改为are
解析:1."a pen"是单数名词,所以be动词用单数形式"is"。
2."some apples"是复数名词,所以be动词用复数形式"are"。
3."milk"是不可数名词,尽管前有"some"修饰,但仍视为单数,所以be动词用"is"。
4.在疑问句中,通常用"any"表示“一些”。"some"用于肯定句。
5.在"there be"句型中,当有多个名词时,be动词的形式通常与第一个名词保持一致,此处"two cats"是复数,且离be动词更近,所以用复数形式"are"。
考点三:
考点再现:
一、ABAAB
解析:1.在"there be"句型中,当有多个名词时,be动词的形式通常与第一个名词保持一致。此处"a pencil"是单数,所以用"is"。
2.尽管"a ruler"是单数,但"five books"是复数,且按照"there be"句型中be动词就近一致原则,此处用复数形式"are"。
3."milk"是不可数名词,"bread"也是不可数名词,在"there be"句型中,当有多个不可数名词或不可数名词与单数名词并列时,be动词通常与第一个名词保持一致,此处用"is"。
4."an eraser"是单数名词,尽管后面有"three pens",但be动词形式通常与第一个名词保持一致,所以用"is"。
5."two windows"是复数名词,尽管后面有"a door",但按照"there be"句型就近一致原则,此处用复数形式"are"。
二、1.some; 2. any; 3.any some; 4.any some; 5. some
解析:1.句子为肯定陈述句,表示“学校图书馆有一些新书”。"some"用于肯定句中表示“一些”,符合语境。
2.句子为否定陈述句,表示“午餐盒里没有米饭”。"any"用于否定句中表示“任何(一些)”,符合否定句的规则。
3.前半句为疑问句,询问“你的瓶子里有水吗?”,疑问句中用"any"表示“一些”;后半句为肯定回答,表示“是的,有一些”,肯定回答中用"some"表示“存在一些”,符合疑问句与肯定回答的搭配规则。
4.前半句为否定陈述句,表示“桌子上没有蜡笔”,否定句中用"any";后半句为请求句(“你能给我一些吗?”),请求或希望得到肯定回应的句子中用"some",符合语境。
5.句子为肯定陈述句,表示“冰箱里有一些牛奶作为早餐”。"some"用于肯定句中表示“一些”,符合肯定句的规则。
过关训练:
一、BCAAC
解析:1.在"there be"句型中,当有多个名词时,be动词的形式通常与第一个名词形式保持一致,此处"some flowers"是复数,所以用"are"。故选B。
2.根据回答可知,问句是询问铅笔盒里有什么,所以用"What"提问。"How many"询问数量,"Where"询问地点,均不符合句意。故选C。
3.本句是肯定句,表示“桌子上有一些面包作为早餐”。"some"用于肯定句中表示“一些”,符合句意;"any"通常用于否定句或疑问句中表示“一些”,不符合句意;"an"是不定冠词,用于单数可数名词前,而"bread"是不可数名词,所以"an"不适用。故选A。
4.句子表示“现在瓶子里没有水了”。"water"是不可数名词,所以be动词应使用单数形式"is";"are"是复数形式,不适用于此句;"have"表示拥有或存在,但在此句中需要的是be动词来表示状态,所以"have"不适用。故选A。
5.句子询问“杯子里有多少果汁?”,回答是“一点点”。"juice"是不可数名词,所以be动词应使用单数形式"is";"was"是过去式,与现在时态不符;"are"是复数形式,不适用于此句。故选C。
二、1. any; a 2.is; on 3. any; isn’t 4.are; a 5.any; a
解析:1."aren't"是"are not"的缩写,为否定句,否定句中表示“一些”用 any。"blackboard"是单数可数名词,且以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词 a(表示“一块黑板”)。
2."juice"是不可数名词,作主语时be动词用单数形式 is,表示“在桌子上”用介词 on。
3."Is there..."为疑问句,疑问句中表示“一些”用 any。因"bread"是不可数名词,be动词用"is",否定回答需用 isn’t。
4."three students"是复数名词,be动词用复数形式 are。
5."isn’t"是"is not"的缩写,为否定句,否定句中表示“一些”用 any。"pen"是单数可数名词,且以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词 a(表示“一支钢笔”)。
考点四:
考点再现:
一、1. is; some 2. are; an 3. Is; any; is
解析:1."there be"句型遵循就近原则,"a ruler"是单数,be动词用 is。肯定句中表示“一些”用 some。
2."some books"是复数,be动词用 are,"eraser"以元音音素开头,需用不定冠词 an。
3."milk"是不可数名词,be动词用单数 Is。疑问句中表示“一些”用 any。肯定回答需与问句的be动词一致,用 is。
二、BBA
解析:1."no"后接不可数名词或复数名词。"bread"是不可数名词,无复数形式;"egg"是可数名词,需用复数 eggs。故选B。
2.根据题干中的"aren’t"可知,本句为否定句,否定句中表示“一些”用 any。否定句中并列连词用 or。故选B。
3.书在椅子“下方”用 under,椅子在地板“上方”用 on。故选A。
过关训练:
一、1.and改为or; 2.are改为is; 3.is改为are; 4.some改为any; 5.are改为is
解析:1.否定句中并列连词用 or。
2."what"作主语时,谓语动词用单数 is。
3. "two cats"是复数,be动词用 are。
4. 疑问句中表示“一些”用 any。
5."milk"是不可数名词,be动词用单数 is。
二、1.There isn’t a pen or any books on the desk.
2.Are there any desks and a chair in the classroom?
3.—Is there any milk and an egg on the table? —No, there isn’t.
一、单项选择。
1-5 BABBA
解析:1.many desks是复数名词。there be句型中,复数用are。故选B。
2.a nice map 是单数名词。单数用 is。故选A。
3.问句是 Is there…? 肯定回答:Yes, there is. 否定回答:No, there isn’t. A单复数不匹配,C答非所问。故选B。
4.句子中有 isn’t,是否定句。否定句中表示 “一些” 用 any,不用some。water不可数,不能用a。故选B。
5.there be 句型遵循就近原则。靠近be动词的是a pen(单数),所以用is。故选A。
二、按要求改写句子,每空一词。
1.is; not 2.are; any 3.How; many 4.Where; is 5.is; there; is
解析:1.含有is的句子,变否定直接在is后加 not。
2.含有 are 的句子,变一般疑问句:把 Are 提到句首。肯定句中的 some 在疑问句中要变成 any。
3.对数量提问(twelve),可数名词用How many +复数名词。
4.对地点提问(under the chair),用Where。主语the ruler是单数,用is。
5.靠近的是a pencil(单数),用Is。肯定回答:Yes, there is.
三、连词成句。
1.There is a pen in the pencil-box.
2.Are there any chairs near the door?
3.There is some milk in the cup.
4.How many desks are there in your class?
5.There is a map and some flowers near the window.
四、根据短文内容,选择正确答案。
1-5 ABBCC
解析:1.问题问 “图书馆在哪里”,文中第二句It is on the first floor.直接说在一楼,故选A。
2.问题问 “有多少个书架”,文中明确写了There are five big bookshelves in the library.可知有五个书架,故选B。
3.问题问 “两个书架之间有什么”,文中There is a small table between two bookshelves.直接写着一张小桌子,故选B。
4.问题问 “图书馆里没有什么”,There aren’t any toys or snacks in the library.可知没有玩具和小吃,故选C。
5.根据原文There is a big desk near the door for the teacher.可知,门附近是课桌,而C选项说的是table,C不正确,故选C。
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