Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Reading and Thinking 基础知识预习复习背诵课文语法填空 学案-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

_______学校（高中部）2024级高二英语课时学案 班级 小组 姓名 编号 U4-2 使用时间 课 题 XB3U4 Adversity and courage——READING&THINKING 编制人 ROMAN 审核人 学习 目标 1. 自主预习课文，掌握文章大体概况； 2. 结合新学词汇理解文章，并能体会探索者逆境中的勇气和团队精神； 学 案 内 容 TRANSLATION课文翻译 A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE【1】 Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions. Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries. 31 Oct，1914 . . . Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition. An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard. Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, but only after he promised me, “If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first！”He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty­eight men, three times a day. How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to! 21 Nov, 1915 The journey has not been easy. Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck！We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it. Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. This was no time to panic. We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up. We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt. 20 May, 1916 We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse. We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place. Soon after we arrived, Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island, 1, 320 kilometres away—the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats. If Shackleton fails, will we have any hope of rescue？No. No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here. I feel low. It's cold and windy. The island has no plants. Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. Otherwise, there is no food. I try to think of happier things：decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days, and my mother's face. . . However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air. I shouted, “Shut the door!” “Hold on now, Perce. Don't you go turning into another Tom,” came the reply. “We've caught another penguin, so it's penguin soup tonight！” Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader, Ernest Shackleton. How could I become as selfish and bad­tempered as Thomas Orde­Lees! Without Frank and Ernest, we'd all be dead by now. Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance , and their resolve fill me with hope. Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all. 一次成功的失败 1914年，珀西·布莱克博罗参加了欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士组织的“坚忍号”南极探险活动。沙克尔顿是那个时代最负盛名的探险家之一，参加他的探险活动被视为极大的荣耀。以下是布莱克博罗的几篇日记摘录。 1914年10月31日 ……好吧，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。 跟随伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士前往南极探险－这可是我梦寐以求的冒险之旅啊。而且，我万事俱备。我今年19岁，身体健康，精力充沛。然而，当我申请参加这次探险时，沙克尔顿却拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，不具备资格。但是，满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情，我偷偷地爬上他的“坚忍号”轮船，躲在一个小橱柜里。不幸的是，在我们出发三天后，我被发现了。沙克尔顿不想掉头，于是他给了我一份工作，但他要我答应他：“如果有人得被吃掉，那么你就是第一个！”他指派我担任服务员，我现在为28名船员供应一日三餐。 等我回来，当我告诉每个人我去过的那些神奇地方，大家该会多么羡慕我啊！ 1915年11月21日 这趟旅程并不轻松。在我们靠近南极时，“坚忍号”卡在了冰里。四周的冰都冻住了，我们彻彻底底地被困住了！我们眼睁睁看着轮船被冰挤毁。船沉了，我们的心也跟着下沉。 在我们弃船之前，沙克尔顿镇定地把大家召集在一起，告诉我们要抢救最需要的供给品－小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、衣服和毛毯。这不是惊慌失措的时候。我们绝大部分的个人物品都被禁止携带，沙克尔顿自己扔掉了他所有的黄金。然而，令我们惊讶的是，他允许赫西带上他的班卓琴。赫西经常会弹奏班卓琴，以振奋我们的精神。 现在，我们在冰层上扎营，一直在设法生存下来，但是，春天就要来了，冰层很快就会融化。 1916年5月20日 我们已苦苦挣扎多日，但是象岛上的情况越来越糟糕。现在，在这个悲惨之地的岩石海岸，我们挤在一艘小船下。我们来到此处不久之后，沙克尔顿就离开我们，前往1,320公里之外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助－这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了，乘坐小船，肯定无法每个人都到达。如果沙克尔顿失败了，我们还有任何获救的希望吗？没有。全世界没有海军会停靠象岛，也没有其他人知道我们在这里。 我感到十分沮丧。天冷风大。岛上没有任何植物，有时我们能抓到一只海豹或企鹅来充饥。除此以外，没有任何食物。我试着去想让人开心的事情：美味的食物、暖和的干衣服、舒适的卧房、晴朗的天气，还有妈妈的脸庞......然而，这些快乐的回忆很快被突然涌进的一股冷空气打断。 我吼道：“把门关上！” “坚持住，珀西。你可不要变成另一个汤姆，”有人答道。“我们又抓到了一只企鹅，今晚有企鹅汤喝了！” 上天保佑弗兰克·怀尔德，他是除了我们的领队欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之外最和蔼可亲的人。我怎么可以变得像托马斯·奥德里斯那样自私和脾气暴躁呢！ 要不是有弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们到现在早就没命了。他们对别人的真心关怀、他们的锲而不舍以及坚定的信念，让我充满希望。 毕竟，我们也许还有机会回家。 PART1.RECITE THE KEY EXPRESSIONS词块识记 Diary 1 1. 逆境与勇气：______________________________ 2.某人所处的年代：________________________________ 3.身体健康：_________________________________ 4.梦想，渴望_____________________________________ 5.精力充沛：_________________________________ 6.申请做某事：___________________________________ 7.拒绝：_____________________________________ 8.具备资格：_____________________________________ 9.登船.：____________________________________ 10.藏在橱柜______________________________________ 11.出发：___________________________________ 12.安排分配做某事________________________________ 13.嫉妒某人：_______________________________ Diary 2 14.被陷入：_________________________________ 15.靠近___________________________________________ 16.完全地，彻底地：_________________________ 17.被压坏，被挤坏：_______________________________ 18.必需的供给品：___________________________ 19.下沉：_________________________________________ 20.弃船：___________________________________ 21.必备物资：_____________________________________ 22.个人物品：_______________________________ 23.振奋精神：_____________________________________ 24.安营扎寨_________________________________ 25.设法生存：_____________________________________ Diary 3 26.每况愈下：_______________________________ 27.悲惨的岩石海岸：_______________________________ 28.到达，成功，(病情)好转：__________________ 29.海军：_________________________________________ 30.像样的食物_______________________________ 31. 一个舒适的房间：______________________________ 32.一股气流/风/水流：_______________________ 33.坚持住：_______________________________________ 34.变成：_____________________________________ 35.使某人充满希望：______________________________ 36.毕竟，终究：_______________________________ 37.真心关怀：____________________________________ 38.自私的：___________________________________ 39.坏脾气的：____________________________________ PART.2 (1)COMPLETE THE SENTENCE课文语法填空 A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous 1._____________(explore) of his day and it was considered 2.__________ great honour to be part of his expeditions. Below 3._____________(be) some of Blackborow’s diary entries. 31 Oct, 1914 … Well, it so happened4. __________ one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition. An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton — this is the adventure that I have been dreaming 5.__________. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour. However, when I applied 6.____________(join) the expedition, Shackleton turned me 7.__________ because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified. But I was 8._______ enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and 9.__________(hide) in a small cupboard. 10.___________(unfortunate), three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, 11.________ only after he promised me, “If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first!” He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day. How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the 12.____________(amaze) places I have been to! The journey has not been easy. Endurance became 13._____________(stick) in the ice as we approached Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and 14.______________(true) stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it. Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential 15._____________(supply) — the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. This was no time 16._______________(panic). We were not allowed to take most of our personal 17.__________(belonging), and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our18. ______________(spirit) up. We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing 19._______________(survive), but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt. 20 May, 1916 We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going 20.____________ bad to worse. We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place. Soon after we arrived, Shackleton left us 21.__________(find) help on South Georgia Island, 1,320 kilometres away — the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us 22.__________(make) it in our small boats. If Shackleton 23.__________(fail), will we have any hope of rescue? No. No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here. I feel low. It’s cold and windy. The island has no plants. Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. Otherwise, there is no food. I try to think of happier things: decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days, 24.__________ my mother’s face ... However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air. I shouted. “Shut the door!” “Hold on now, Perce. Don’t you go turning into another Tom,” came the reply. “We’ve caught another penguin, so it’s penguin soup tonight!” Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader, Ernest Shackleton. How could I become as 25.______________(self) and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees! 26.__________ Frank and Ernest, we’d all be dead by now. Their genuine concern for others, their 27._____________________(persevere), and their resolve fill me with hope. Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all. (2)ADAPTION FOR PASSAGE课文语法填空改编 Although not 1. ____________ (allow) to join the expedition to the South Pole, Perce Blackborow managed 2. ____________ (go) aboard the Endurance and worked as a steward there. Their voyage didn't go smoothly and the ship was stuck in the ice. Before the ship was crushed and 3. ____________ (sink) into the sea, Shackleton gave the order to abandon ship with only essential 4. ____________ (supply). The crew had to camp on ice, but with spring coming, 5. ____________ was dangerous to stay there. They then sailed to Elephant Island. Things went from bad to worse. Soon after their arrival, Shackleton set off for South Georgia Island to seek for help. They were cold and hungry. To keep 6. ___________ his spirits, Perce tried to think of happier things. However, these happy memories 7. ____________ (interrupt) by a sudden cold rush of air. Perce lost his patience 8. _______ (gradual) but soon realized his mistake thanks to Frank's concern. He thought he should be 9. ___________ (grate) to Frank and Shackleton. Without their concern and perseverance, he would have died. It was their resolve 10. _________ filled him with hope. Maybe they could return home! PART3.DICTATE KEY SENTENCES默写句子 1.沙克尔顿是那个时代最负盛名的探险家之一，参加他的探险活动被视为极大荣耀。以下是布莱克博罗的几篇日记摘录。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.我今年19岁，身体健康，精力充沛。然而，当我申请参加这次探险时，沙克尔顿却拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，不具备资格。但是，满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情，我偷偷地爬上了他的“坚忍号”轮船，躲在一个小橱柜里。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.他指派我担任服务员，我现在为28名船员供应一日三餐。等我回来，当我告诉每个人我去过的那些神奇地方，大家该会多么羡慕我啊！ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.在我们靠近南极时，“坚忍号”卡在了冰里。四周的冰都冻住了，我们彻彻底底地被困住了！我们眼睁睁看着轮船被冰挤毁。船沉了，我们的心也跟着下沉。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.我们已苦苦挣扎多日，但是象岛上的情况越来越糟糕。现在，在这个悲惨之地的岩石海岸，我们挤在一艘小船下。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.我试着去想让人开心的事情：美味的食物、暖和的干衣服、舒适的卧房、晴朗的天气，还有妈妈的脸庞...然而，这些快乐的回忆很快被突然涌进的一股冷空气打断。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 他们对别人的真心关怀、他们的锲而不舍以及坚定的信念，让我充满希望。毕竟，我们也许还有机会回家。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $选择性必修三 unit 4 Adversity &courage UNIT 4 Adversity and Courage Reading and Thinking A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE CONTENT 壹 Grasp phrases 贰 叁 Complete sentences 肆 Recite key sentences Complete passage GRASP PHRASES 必备短语 壹 be fit Diary 2 14.被陷入： 15.靠近: 16.完全地，彻底地： 17.被压坏，被挤坏： 18.下沉： 19.弃船： 20.必备物资： 21.个人物品： 22.振奋精神： 23.安营扎寨： 24.设法生存： Diary 1 1.逆境与勇气： 2.某人所处的年代： 3.身体健康： 4.梦想，渴望： 5.精力充沛： 6.申请做某事： 7.拒绝： 8.具备资格： 9.登船： 10.藏在橱柜： 11.出发： 12.安排分配做某事 13.嫉妒某人： adversity and courage of one’s day be fit dream of be full of vigour apply to do turn sb. down be qualified went/go aboard hide in the cupboard set off assign sb to do envy sb become stuck in approach be well and truly get/be crushed sink--sank abandon the ship personal belongings keep spirits up camp on sp manage to survive essential supplies Diary 3 26.每况愈下： 27.悲惨的岩石海岸： 28.到达，成功，(病情)好转： 29.海军： 30.像样的食物 31. 一个舒适的房间： 32.一股气流/风/水流： 33.坚持住： 34.变成： 35.使某人充满希望： 36.毕竟，终究： 37.真心关怀： 38.自私的： 39.坏脾气的： from bad to worse rocky shore of miserable place make it navy decent food a cosy room a sudden cold rush of air hold on turn into fill sb with hope after all genuine concern selfish bad-tempered COMPLETE THE PASSAGE 课文语法填空 贰 Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous 1._____________(explore) of his day and it was considered 2._____ great honour to be part of his expeditions. Below 3.______(be) some of Blackborow’s diary entries. 31 Oct, 1914 … Well, it so happened4. ______one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition. An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton — this is the adventure that I have been dreaming 5._____. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour. However, when I applied 6.________(join) the expedition, Shackleton turned me 7._______ because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified. But I was 8._______ enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and 9.______(hide) in a small cupboard. 10._____________(unfortunate), three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, 11.________ only after he promised me, “If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first!” He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day. explorations are a that of to join down so hid Unfortunately but How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the 12._______(amaze) places I have been to! The journey has not been easy. Endurance became 13._______(stick) in the ice as we approached Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and 14._______(true) stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it. Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential 15.________(supply) — the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. This was no time 16._________(panic). We were not allowed to take most of our personal 17.__________(belonging), and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our18. ____(spirit) up. We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing 19._________(survive), but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt. amazing stuck truly supplies to panic belongings spirits to survive 20 May, 1916 We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going 20._____bad to worse. We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place. Soon after we arrived, Shackleton left us 21.________(find) help on South Georgia Island, 1,320 kilometres away — the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us 22.______(make) it in our small boats. If Shackleton 23._____(fail), will we have any hope of rescue? No. No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here. I feel low. It’s cold and windy. The island has no plants. Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. Otherwise, there is no food. I try to think of happier things: decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days, 24._____ my mother’s face ... However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air. from to find to make fails and I shouted. “Shut the door!” “Hold on now, Perce. Don’t you go turning into another Tom,” came the reply. “We’ve caught another penguin, so it’s penguin soup tonight!” Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader, Ernest Shackleton. How could I become as 25.___________(self) and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees! 26.__________ Frank and Ernest, we’d all be dead by now. Their genuine concern for others, their 27.___________________(persevere), and their resolve fill me with hope. Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all. selfish Without perseverance PART3 ADAPTION FOR PASSAGE 课文语法填空改编 叁 Although not 1. __________ (allow) to join the expedition to the South Pole, Perce Blackborow managed 2. _________ (go) aboard the Endurance and worked as a steward there. Their voyage didn't go smoothly and the ship was stuck in the ice. Before the ship was crushed and 3. _______(sink) into the sea, Shackleton gave the order to abandon ship with only essential 4. _________(supply). The crew had to camp on ice, but with spring coming, 5. _____was dangerous to stay there. They then sailed to Elephant Island. Things went from bad to worse. Soon after their arrival, Shackleton set off for South Georgia Island to seek for help. They were cold and hungry. To keep 6. ____ his spirits, Perce tried to think of happier things. However, these happy memories 7. ____________ (interrupt) by a sudden cold rush of air. Perce lost his patience 8. _______ (gradual) but soon realized his mistake thanks to Frank's concern. He thought he should be 9. ___________ (grate) to Frank and Shackleton. Without their concern and perseverance, he would have died. It was their resolve 10. _________ filled him with hope. Maybe they could return home! allowed to go sank supplies it up interrupted gradually grateful that KEY SENTENCES RECITATION 重点句子背诵 肆 1.沙克尔顿是那个时代最负盛名的探险家之一，参加他的探险活动被视为极大荣耀。以下是布莱克博罗的几篇日记摘录。 Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions. Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries. 2.我今年19岁，身体健康，精力充沛。然而，当我申请参加这次探险时，沙克尔顿却拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，不具备资格。但是，满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情，我偷偷地爬上了他的“坚忍号”轮船，躲在一个小橱柜里。 At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard. 3.他指派我担任服务员，我现在为28名船员供应一日三餐。等我回来，当我告诉每个人我去过的那些神奇地方，大家该会多么羡慕我啊！ He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty­eight men, three times a day. How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to! 4.在我们靠近南极时，“坚忍号”卡在了冰里。四周的冰都冻住了，我们彻彻底底地被困住了！我们眼睁睁看着轮船被冰挤毁。船沉了，我们的心也跟着下沉。 Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck！We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it. 5.我们已苦苦挣扎多日，但是象岛上的情况越来越糟糕。现在，在这个悲惨之地的岩石海岸，我们挤在一艘小船下。 We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse. We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place. 6.我试着去想让人开心的事情：美味的食物、暖和的干衣服、舒适的卧房、晴朗的天气，还有妈妈的脸庞...然而，这些快乐的回忆很快被突然涌进的一股冷空气打断。 I try to think of happier things：decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days, and my mother's face. . . However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air. 7.他们对别人真心关怀、他们的锲而不舍以及坚定信念，让我充满希望。毕竟，我们也许还有机会回家。 Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance , and their resolve fill me with hope. Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all. 谢谢欣赏 ROMAN $