Unit 1 Saving the earth单元知识梳理&测试题 2025-2026学年牛津上海版（试用本）（2007）九年级英语下册

Unit 1 Saving the earth单元知识梳理&测试题 （解析版） 【课前热身】 选词填空 A. atmosphere B. polluting C. fuels D. layer E. erosion F. pollution 1. The covering of ozone around the earth protects us from the sun. 2. I like to wear a mask to protect myself from the dangerous and dirty substances in the air. 3. The area of oxygen, nitrogen and other gases around our planet is important to human beings. 4. We can use gas, oil, petrol and coal to keep us warm. 5. The factory keeps badly affecting and damaging the river. We must stop it. 6. Cutting down too many trees will cause the destruction and removal of soil. 【答案】1-6 DFACBE 【解析】 1. The covering of ozone around the earth protects us from the sun. 句意：地球周围的臭氧层保护我们免受太阳伤害。 选 D. layer 解析：ozone layer 臭氧层。 2. I like to wear a mask to protect myself from the dangerous and dirty substances in the air. 句意：我喜欢戴口罩保护自己免受空气中危险脏东西的影响。 选 F. pollution 解析：air pollution 空气污染。 3. The area of oxygen, nitrogen and other gases around our planet is important to human beings. 句意：地球周围由氧气、氮气等气体组成的大气层对人类很重要。 选 A. atmosphere 解析：atmosphere 大气层。 4. We can use gas, oil, petrol and coal to keep us warm. 句意：我们可以用天然气、石油、汽油、煤来取暖。 选 C. fuels 解析：这些都属于 fuels 燃料。 5. The factory keeps badly affecting and damaging the river. We must stop it. 句意：这家工厂一直在严重破坏河流，我们必须阻止。 选 B. polluting 解析：polluting the river 污染河流。 6. Cutting down too many trees will cause the destruction and removal of soil. 句意：过度砍伐树木会导致土壤流失和破坏。 选 E. erosion 解析：soil erosion 土壤侵蚀。 A. damage B.essential C.erosion D.environment E. personality F. drowned G. murder 7. This part of the river is dangerous.A few people have been killed in water here. 8. The loss of top soil leads to flood. 9. Chemicals in the air pollute the natural world around us. 10. These easy words are extremely necessary to the learners of English. 11. His character is entirely different form his brother's. 12. Some chemicals will harm the atmosphere if we let them into the air. 【答案】7-12FCDBEA 【解析】 7. This part of the river is dangerous. A few people have been killed in water here. 句意：这段河很危险，有几个人在这里淹死了。 选 F. drowned 8. The loss of top soil leads to flood. 句意：表层土壤流失会导致洪水。 选 C. erosion 解析：soil erosion 土壤侵蚀。 9. Chemicals in the air pollute the natural world around us. 句意：空气中的化学物质污染我们周围的自然环境。 选 D. environment 10. These easy words are extremely necessary to the learners of English. 句意：这些简单单词对英语学习者至关重要。 选 B. essential 11. His character is entirely different from his brother's. 句意：他的性格和他哥哥完全不同。 选 E. personality 12. Some chemicals will harm the atmosphere if we let them into the air. 句意：有些化学物质进入空气中会破坏大气层。 选 A. damage 【知识梳理】 Unit 1 Saving the earth知识点梳理 1. environment n.环境 environmental adj.环境的 e.g. If we destroy our environment, we will destroy ourselves.如果我们破坏环境，我们就会毁灭我们自己。 2. lifeless adj.无生命的 live v.居住；生活 life n.生命 alive adj.活着的 living adj.活的 lively adj.活泼的 e.g. We think that Mars is a lifeless planet.我们认为火星是一颗无生命的星球。 3. massive adj.巨大的 mass n.团；块；大量 e.g. I've got a massive amount of work to do.我有大量的工作要做。 4.pollute v.污染 pollution n. 污染 polluted adj. 被污染的 e. g. Your smoking is polluting the air in this room.你的吸烟行为正在污染这个房间里的空气。 5. threat n.危险 threaten v.威胁 e.g. Corruption and crime are serious threats to any society.腐败和犯罪对任何社会都是严重的威胁。 6. erosion n.流失 erode v.侵蚀；腐蚀 e. g. Sand is created by the erosion of rocks.沙子是由岩石侵蚀形成的。 7. occur vi.存在，发生 e. g. If an earthquake occurs in California, many people may die.如果加利福尼亚发生地震，许多人可能会丧生。 8. vital adj.重要的，必需的 e.g. Oxygen is vital for life.氧气对生命至关重要。 9. act v.表现 action n. 行动 activity n. 活动 active adj. 积极的 actor n.男演员 actress n. 女演员 e. g. Although he is fifty, he acts like a kid.虽然他五十岁了，但他表现得像个孩子。 10. warmth n.温暖 warm adj. 温暖的 e. g. I like to stay in the sun to get the warmth.我喜欢待在阳光下感受温暖。 11. chemical n. & adj.化学药品；化学的 chemistry n.化学 e. g. There are all kinds of chemicals in our lab.我们实验室里有各种各样的化学药品。 12. mainly adv.主要地 main adj. 主要的 e. g. It's mainly because you are not an adult.这主要是因为你还不是成年人。 13. produce v.生产 production n. 生产；产量 product n. 产品 e. g. This factory can produce many modern cars.这家工厂能生产许多现代化的汽车。 14. protective adj.保护的 protect v. 保护 protection n. 保护 e. g. Many animals have protective colors.许多动物有保护色。 15. destruction n.破坏 destroy v. 破坏；摧毁 e. g. The destruction caused by these ants is very serious.这些蚂蚁造成的破坏非常严重。 16. consumer n.消费者 consume v. 消耗；消费 e. g. You must be very patient to your consumers.你必须对你的消费者非常有耐心。 17. such as 例如；诸如此类 e. g. I like fruits such as apples, bananas and so on.我喜欢水果，比如苹果、香蕉等等。 18. damage to 对于……的损害 e. g. Let's talk about damage to the ozone layer today.今天我们来谈谈对臭氧层的破坏。 19. as well as 和；也 e. g. He is interested in science, literature as well as music.他对科学、文学还有音乐都感兴趣。 20. what to do with how to deal with 怎么处理 e. g. I still don't know what to do with the problem of generation gap.我仍然不知道该如何处理代沟问题。 Unit 1 Saving the earth语法填空1（课文Reading改编） The Young Green Consumer Guide John Elkington and Julia Hailes Illustrated by Tony Ross Review by Tony Ma The green consumer This book says our world is in danger. It describes the various threats to the environment. The situation is so serious that we must do something to save the Earth. The greenhouse effect The writers ask us to “imagine that the Earth is inside a kind of greenhouse with the atmosphere around it. The atmosphere acts like the glass: it lets sunlight in and keeps warmth from 1. ______ (get) out. The atmosphere is essential for all living things. Without it, the Earth would be as cold and 2. ______ (life) as the surface of the moon.” “The trouble is that our atmosphere is changing because we are polluting it with chemicals—in the form of gases—and it is keeping in too much heat!” These gases, mainly carbon dioxide (CO₂), are produced by 3. ______ (burn) fuels such as petrol. The greenhouse effect may cause the level of the sea to rise and flood cities and even whole countries. Damage to the ozone layer The writers tell us that “ozone is a gas which 4. ______ (occur) 20 to 50 km above the ground. It forms an essential protective 5. ______ (layer) around the Earth. Without it, the Sun would burn us up.” We are making holes in the ozone layer, mainly by using chemicals 6. ______ (call) CFCs. We use these in fridges and spray cans, and to make plastic items such as fast food boxes. Destruction of the forests The burning and cutting down of the forests is making the greenhouse effect worse because trees take 7. ______ CO₂. It also causes soil erosion and flooding, as well as destroying the homes of people and animals that live in the forests. Bad habits Many of our habits cause pollution, especially our habit of using things once and then throwing them away. This creates massive mountains of rubbish. We do not know what to do with the rubbish and it 8. ______ (pollute) our land and sea. For example, people throw away as many as seven billion drink cans in Britain each year. That is enough to reach from the Earth to the moon. How can we save the Earth? The book is asking us to become “green consumers”. That means we should only buy and use environmentally 9. ______ (friend) goods so that we can save the Earth. These goods will not damage the environment. Let’s be green consumers and enjoy 10. ______ (live) a better life on the Earth! 【答案&解析】 1. getting 句意：大气层就像玻璃：它让阳光进来，阻止热量散发出去。 解析：固定搭配 `keep from doing sth.`（阻止做某事），因此用动名词 `getting`。 2. lifeless 句意：没有大气层，地球会像月球表面一样寒冷、毫无生机。 解析：and 连接并列结构，前面是形容词 `cold`，后面也需要形容词 `lifeless`（无生命的）。 3. burning 句意：这些气体（主要是二氧化碳）是通过燃烧汽油等燃料产生的。 解析：介词 `by` 后接动名词，因此用 `burning`。 4. occurs 句意：作者告诉我们，臭氧是一种出现在地面20至50公里高空的气体。 解析：先行词 `a gas` 是单数，定语从句的谓语动词用第三人称单数 `occurs`。 5. layer 句意：它在地球周围形成了一层至关重要的保护层。 解析：形容词 `protective` 后接名词，且前面有不定冠词 `an`，用单数 `layer`。 6. called 句意：我们主要通过使用名为氟利昂（CFCs）的化学物质在臭氧层上制造空洞。 解析：过去分词 `called` 作后置定语，表示“被称为……的”。 7. in 句意：焚烧和砍伐森林会加剧温室效应，因为树木会吸收二氧化碳。 解析：固定搭配 `take in`（吸收）。 8. pollutes 句意：我们不知道如何处理这些垃圾，它污染了我们的陆地和海洋。 解析：主语 `it` 是单数，句子为一般现在时，用 `pollutes`。 9. friendly 句意：这意味着我们应该只购买和使用环保产品，以便拯救地球。 解析：固定搭配 `environmentally friendly`（环保的），用形容词 `friendly`。 10. living 句意：让我们成为绿色消费者，享受在地球上更美好的生活吧！ 解析：固定搭配 `enjoy doing sth.`（享受做某事），因此用动名词 `living`。 Unit 1 Saving the earth语法填空2（课文More practice改编） MILLIONS OF TREES ON FIRE Tim: In South-east Asia, thousands of hectares of forests are still on fire. The smog from the fire has already caused hundreds of 1. ______ (die) and illnesses. Our reporter, Penny Wang, is there and has this report. Penny: It's now just three in the afternoon, but it seems like night-time. A thick smog is covering most of the countries in South-east Asia. Many people are wearing masks 2. ______ (cover) their mouths and noses. Thousands are suffering 3. ______ eye or breathing problems. One doctor told me that 4. ______ (live) in this smog is like smoking 600 cigarettes a day. The fires are still burning. There are 8,500 firefighters 5. ______ (try) to put out the fires, and another 2,000 are coming from around the world to help them. But the fires are too big to put out. The only thing that can extinguish them now is lots of rain—and rain is not 6. ______ (expect) for several weeks. Tim: Penny, can you remind us how these terrible fires started? Penny: Well, most of the fires were started by farmers. They wanted to clear the land before they planted new fields. But this year things are much 7. ______ (bad) than usual. Some big companies bought large areas of land. They are using fires to clear them quickly 8. ______ that they can plant rice, palm oil trees or rubber trees. Second, a drought started many months ago so the land is very dry. Tim: Penny, you've told us about some of the effects of the fire on people. What other problems are the fires causing? Penny: Well, there are almost no tourists here at the moment. Also, the smog has caused some bad accidents. But the most serious problem is that the fire is destroying the forests. As you know, trees take harmful gases from the air, and release oxygen. They are very 9. ______ (importance) to the world, and now millions of them are burning. Tim: I hope the fire will be put 10. ______ soon. 【答案&解析】 1. deaths 句意：火灾产生的烟雾已经造成数百人死亡和患病。 解析：hundreds of 后接名词复数，die（动词）→ death（名词）→ deaths（复数）。 2. to cover 句意：许多人戴着口罩遮住口鼻。 解析：不定式 to cover 作目的状语，表示“戴口罩的目的是遮住口鼻”。 3. from 句意：数千人患有眼部或呼吸问题。 解析：固定搭配 suffer from… 表示“遭受……（疾病/痛苦）”。 4. living 句意：一位医生告诉我，生活在这种烟雾中就像每天抽600支烟。 解析：动名词 living 作宾语从句的主语。 5. trying 句意：有8500名消防员在努力扑灭大火。 解析：固定句型 There be sb. doing sth. 表示“有某人正在做某事”，用现在分词 trying。 6. expected 句意：现在唯一能扑灭大火的是大量降雨，而未来几周预计不会下雨。 解析：rain 和 expect 是被动关系（“雨被预计”），用被动语态 is expected。 7. worse 句意：但今年的情况比往常糟糕得多。 解析：than 是比较级的标志，bad → worse（比较级）。 8. so 句意：他们用大火快速清理土地，以便种植水稻、油棕树或橡胶树。 解析：固定结构 so that… 表示“以便，为了”，引导目的状语从句。 9. important 句意：它们对世界非常重要。 解析：very 后接形容词作表语，importance（名词）→ important（形容词）。 10. out 句意：我希望大火能尽快被扑灭。 解析：固定搭配 put out 表示“扑灭（火）”，这里用被动语态 be put out。 Unit 1 Saving the earth单元基础知识精讲 1.global adj.全球的，全世界的 【典型例句】 Global warming is a real problem.全球变暖是个确实存在的问题。 The commission is calling for a global ban on whaling.委员会要求全球禁止捕鲸。 【知识拓展】 globally adv.全局地；世界上 globalization n.全球化 global economy全球经济 global warming全球变暖 global market全球市场 【拓展练习】完成句子 Environmentalists fear that this is a shortsighted approach to the problem of global warming. 环境保护主义者们担心这会是解决全球变暖问题的一个目光短浅的方法。 2.threat n.威胁，恐吓；构成威胁的人（或事物） 【典型例句】 Supplies are under increasing threat from overuse and pollution.供应正受到日益增长的过度使用和污染的威胁。 【知识拓展】 threaten v.威胁；恐吓；预示 threatened adj.受到威胁的 threatening adj.危险的；胁迫的；凶兆的 【拓展练习】完成句子 I mistook her offer as a threat.我把她的好心错看成威胁了。 Humans also threaten carnivorous plants in other ways.人类还以其他方式对食肉植物产生威胁。 3.form v.（使）（关系、习惯或想法）形成；构成，是……的组成部分; n.表格；类别，种类；形状，外形 【典型例句】 Water vapour condenses to form clouds.水蒸汽冷凝形成云。 Music is quite unlike any other art form.音乐与其他艺术形式迥然不同。 【知识拓展】 in the form of以…的形式 in form在形式上 【拓展练习】完成句子 Swimming is a good form of exercise.游泳是很好的锻炼方式。 Clothes are a fundamental form of self-expression.服饰是一种基本的自我表现形式。 They hope to form the new football team.他们希望组建新足球队。 4.damage n.损害，伤害；v. 损坏，损害；对……造成坏影响 【典型例句】 The fire caused extensive damage.火灾造成了巨大的损失。 Happily, the damage was only slight.所幸的是，损伤不大。 【知识拓展】 do/ cause damage to对…造成损坏，带来损害 【拓展练习】完成句子 Damage to the building was considerable.对这栋建筑物的损坏相当严重。 We're very sorry about the damage to your car.损坏了你的车，我们真是过意不去。 Maternal smoking can damage the unborn child.母亲吸烟可能会伤害未出生的孩子。 5.protect v.保护，防护 【典型例句】 These regulations were made to protect children.这些规章制度是为了保护儿童而制订的。 We have a moral obligation to protect the environment.我们有道义责任保护环境。 【知识拓展】 protect against使免受... protect... from..使...免受... 【拓展练习】完成句子 Tears help to protect the eye from potentially harmful foreign bodies. 眼泪有助于保护眼睛去除可能有害的异物。 Running may help to protect against heart disease and other health problems. 跑步可能有助于预防心脏病和其他健康问题。 6.destroy v.破坏，毁灭 【典型例句】A wildfire can destroy everything in its way.一场野火可能会破坏一切。 They can threaten some native species or even destroy and replace others. 它们可以对一些本地物种产生威胁，甚至摧毁和取代其他物种。 【知识拓展】 destruction n.破坏，摧毁 destructive adj.破坏的；毁灭性的 【拓展练习】 Some people think that if they get out of control, nano-robots could destroy the Earth. 一些人认为，如果纳米机器人失去控制，它们可能会摧毁地球。 It is vital that we act to stop the destruction of the rainforest. 至关紧要的是，我们应当采取行动制止破坏雨林。 7.various adj.各种各样的；迥异的，千差万别的 【典型例句】 There are various courses open to us.我们有多种处理方法可采取。 【知识拓展】 variety n.多样化，变化；种类 【拓展练习】完成句子 The methods are many and various. 方法很多而且各不相同。 There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from. 有种类繁多的图案可供选择。 8.attractive adj.吸引人的，有吸引力的；迷人的，有魅力的； 【典型例句】 Overtime is not attractive to this generation.加班对这一代人没有吸引力。 【知识拓展】 attract v.吸引；（物体间）产生引力；引起；有吸引力 【拓展练习】完成句子 It is selling very well, in part because the packaging is so attractive. 它卖得非常好，部分原因在于包装很吸引人。 How can we attract more visitors to our website? 我们如何才能吸引更多人访问我们的网站呢？ 9.introduce v.介绍，引见 【典型例句】 It gives me great pleasure to introduce our guest speaker.我很荣幸来介绍我们的特约演讲人。 Now would you please briefly introduce yourselves to each other?现在请彼此之间简单介绍一下自己吧！ 【知识拓展】 introduction n.介绍；引进；入门 【拓展练习】完成句子 In the unit one, we learned how to introduce oneself.在第一单元，我们学习了如何介绍某人自己。 We want to introduce the latest technology into schools.我们想向各学校推介最新的技术。 10.burn…up焚毁，烧掉 【典型例句】 A single cigarette can easily burn up 15 minutes.一根烟基本也能抽15分钟以上。 Don't burn up these old books. They might be useful.不要烧掉这些书，它们也许还有用。 【知识拓展】 burn out烧毁；疲惫不堪 burn down被火烧毁；逐渐熄灭 【拓展练习】完成句子 If the satellite returns to earth too fast, it will burn up on the way. 如果人造卫星返回地球太快，它在归途中就会烧毁了。 If you are constantly overwhelmed, you will burn out. 如果你不断受到打击，你将会心力交瘁。 If you forgot to turn it off when you went away, you might burn down the house. 如果你走的时候忘记关掉它，可能会把房子给烧了。 11.take in吸收；欣赏；收留 【典型例句】 Fish take in oxygen through their gills.鱼用鳃吸取氧气。 I generally take in a show when I'm in New York.我每次去纽约通常总会看一场演出。 【知识拓展】 take in a movie看一场电影 【拓展练习】完成句子 Humans take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.人吸入氧气，呼出二氧化碳。 12.compare to对比，比较(将两个或多个事物进行对照，以找出它们的相似之处或不同之处) 【典型例句】 Now let's compare to path B.现在我们和路径B比较一下。 【知识拓展】 compare with与…相比较 compare notes交换意见 【拓展练习】完成句子 Little can compare to the feeling of a deep, complete, heartfelt laughing spell. 没有什么感觉比得上发自内心深处的，彻彻底底的，衷心的笑声。 The flowers here do not compare with those at home.这儿的花比不上家里的花。 13.suffer from遭受 【典型例句】 A lot of students suffer from exam nerves.许多学生考试怯阵。 Chinese people will not suffer from hunger any long.中国人再也不会挨饿了。 【拓展练习】完成句子 Many people suffer from mental illness at some point in their lives.许多人在人生的某个阶段都会得精神病。 Parts of Spain and Portugal suffer from terrible forest fires.西班牙和葡萄牙的部分地区遭受严重的森林火灾。 14.remind sb of sth提醒某人（想起某事） 【典型例句】 Did this remind you of something?这让你想起什么了吗？ I got this card to remind you of your birthday.我买这张卡片是要提醒你的生日到了。 【拓展练习】完成句子 They remind me of the time when I used to live in Spain.它们让我想起那些我在西班牙生活的日子。 Your words remind me of the saying honey is sweet but the bee stings. 你的话让我想起了“蜂蜜是甜的，但蜜蜂会蜇人”这句谚语。 练一练 一、单词拼写 1. She sat by the fire and felt the w spread through her body. 2. With the i in population, the traffic becomes worse and worse. 3. Mark Twain is an American w . 4. In spring, people like to go out to enjoy the w of the sun and breathe fresh air. 5. The sun gives us w and light. 6. Mom, I can’t find my hair band a . Did you see it? 7. In the digital (数字) age, electronic learning has become increasingly popular, allowing students to learn a in the world, like on the bus or in the park. 8. The new student is moved by the w of the welcome from his classmates. 9. Another railway c Shanghai to Nanjing was put into use the other day. 10. L back at the past three years in No.3 High School, I don’t leave any regrets. 11. Jenny is d . She can’t hear anything because of a high fever in her childhood. 12. Father Christmas gives gifts to children, s love and joy everywhere he goes. 13. Don’t always c your weak points with others’ strong points, or you may not feel good about yourself. 14. He now treats everyone with kindness and w . 15. The small acts of kindness in life can bring w to people’s heart and make a big difference. 16. The (compete) from all over the world took part in Weifang International Kite Festival. 17. The earth is a beautiful blue p . 18. In order to find the missing boy, his parents p a lot of his pictures and put up on the walls. 19. The movie is so e that I want to watch it again. 20. The high-speed railway c Siyang to many cities has been in use for years. 21. She loves to write stories, and she wants to be a w . 22. Mark Twain is a very famous American w . 23. C with other years, we received many more photos. 24. She is so kind that we can always feel the w from her heart. 25. C with Tom, I like English a lot. 26. Chinese people welcomed Meng Wanzhou with w and excitement when she came back from Canada. 27. Jane is interested in writing novels and she hopes to become a w in the future. 28. Liu Cixin is one of the great w . I love his book The Wandering Earth. 29. When I was a tiny baby c all night, my mom sang to me and stayed by my side. 30. Whenever we see our flag r , we should stand straight. 31. In the past, many people in countryside burnt c to make them feel warm in winter. 32. The villagers used to burn c to get warm. 33. Tell the students not to do something dangerous. After all, s is the most important. 34. People in some poor areas burn c to keep warm in winter. 35. If you c her homework with his, you’ll find hers is much better. 36. The fire is going out. Please add more c . 37. The heavy rain caused a serious f in the end. 38. Mum, I can’t find my tennis a . Have you seen it? 39. Look, there are some children f kites happily in the park. 40. There are millions of people visiting the famous mountain every year, b many benefits (益处) to the local people. 【答案&解析】 1. (w)armth 【解析】句意：她坐在火炉旁，感到温暖传遍全身。根据“She sat by the fire and felt the w...spread through her body.”可知，火炉旁感到温暖，warmth“温暖”，在动词后作宾语，故填(w)armth。 2. (i)ncrease 【解析】句意：随着人口的增长，交通变得越来越糟糕。根据“the traffic becomes worse and worse”可知交通变得越来越糟糕跟人口的“增长”有关。定冠词the后接名词，“增长”是名词increase。故填(i)ncrease。 3. (w)riter 【解析】句意：马克·吐温是一个美国作家。根据“Mark Twain is an American”以及常识可知马克·吐温是一个作家，writer“作家”，不定冠词an后加名词单数。故填(w)riter。 4. (w)armth 【解析】句意：在春天，人们喜欢出去享受温暖的阳光，呼吸新鲜空气。根据“of the sun”可知，享受温暖的阳光，warmth“温暖”符合句意，故填(w)armth。 5. (w)armth 【解析】句意：太阳给我们温暖和光明。根据短语give sb sth“给某人某物”可知此处应填名词；又根据句意及首字母可知，此处应填名词warmth“温暖”，不可数名词。故填(w)armth。 6. (a)nywhere 【解析】句意：妈妈，我到处都找不到我的发带了。你看到了吗？根据题干可知，句子不缺成分，故应填入副词作状语，结合首字母a提示，可以联想到副词anywhere，意为“任何地方”，用于否定句和疑问句中，此处表示到处都找不到，符合题意，故填(a)nywhere。 7. (a)nywhere 【解析】句意：在数字时代，电子学习越来越流行，学生可以在世界任何地方学习，比如在公交车上或公园里。根据语境和首字母提示可知，电子学习越来越流行，学生在公交车上或公园里学习，可推测此处是学生可以在世界任何地方学习，空处需填副词，anywhere“任何地方”，副词。故填(a)nywhere。 8. (w)armth 【解析】句意：新同学被同学们的热情欢迎感动了。根据语境和后文“…of the welcome …”可知，此空要填入一个名词来和welcome一起表示“热烈欢迎”；又由首字母提示可知，warmth意为“温暖，热情”符合语境。故填warmth。 9. (c)onnecting 【解析】句意：另一条连接上海和南京的铁路在几天前投入使用。根据“…Shanghai to Nanjing”及首字母可知，此处指连接上海和南京的铁路，用动词“connect”，表示“连接”；分析句子成分可知此处作“railway”的定语，且和逻辑主语“railway”是主动关系，因此应用现在分词作定语，“connect”的现在分词是“connecting”。故填(c)onnecting。 10. (L)ooking 【解析】句意：回顾在三中的三年，我没有留下任何遗憾。根据“back at the past three years in No.3 High School”和首字母提示可知，是回忆过去的3年，look back at“回忆”；需要现在分词作状语；故填(L)ooking。 11. (d)eaf 【解析】句意：Jenny耳聋了。因为小时候的一次高烧，她听不见任何东西。根据“She can’t hear anything”可知，什么也听不见是耳聋了，形容词deaf“耳聋的”，在句中作表语。故填(d)eaf。 12. (s)preading   【解析】句意：圣诞老人给孩子们送礼物，在他去的每个地方传播爱和快乐。spread传播，是一个动词；这句话中gives是谓语动词，这里应填非谓语动词的形式；主语Father Christmas与该词是主动关系，故填(s)preading。 13. (c)ompare 【解析】句意：不要总是拿自己的缺点和别人的优点比较，否则你可能会自我感觉不好。根据“Don’t always c... your weak points with others’ strong points”可知，不要总是拿自己的缺点和别人的优点比较，compare“比较”，Don’t后跟动词原形。故填(c)ompare。 14. (w)armth 【解析】句意：他现在对每个人都很友善热情。with介词，后接名词作宾语；and连接并列结构，根据with kindness和首字母提示，可知填warmth与kindness并列。故填(w)armth。 15. (w)armth 【解析】句意：生活中的小善举可以给人们的心灵带来温暖，并产生很大的影响。根据“The small acts of kindness in life can bring w... to people’s heart”可知，生活中的小善举可以给人们的心灵带来温暖，warmth“温暖”符合语境，故填(w)armth。 16. competitors 【解析】句意：来自世界各地的参赛者参加了潍坊国际风筝节。句子缺少主语，需要名词充当。世界各地的参赛者要用名词的复数来表达，故答案为competitors。 17. (p)lanet 【解析】句意：地球是一个美丽的蓝色星球。根据“the earth”和“a”可知地球是一个行星，故此处应填一个名词来表示“星球”。故填(p)lanet。 18. (p)rinted 【解析】句意：为了找到失踪的男孩，他的父母打印了很多男孩的照片张贴在墙上。根据“In order to find the missing boy, his parents…a lot of his pictures and put up on the walls.”可知，是打印后贴在墙上，print“打印”，根据题干可知，是发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，print过去式printed。故填(p)rinted。 19. (e)xciting 【解析】句意：这部电影如此令人激动以至于我想再看一遍。根据“I want to watch it again”和首字母提示可知，我想再看一遍这部电影，可推测此处是这部电影太令人激动了，exciting“令人激动的”，形容词，作表语。故填(e)xciting。 20. (c)onnecting 【解析】句意：连接泗阳和许多城市的高速铁路已通车多年。根据“The high-speed railway…Siyang to many cities has been in use for years.”以及首字母提示可知，connect连接，动词；分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语动词has been，故此空应填非谓语动词，主语The high-speed railway与动词connect之间是主动关系，故此空应填现在分词作定语。故填(c)onnecting。 21. (w)riter 【解析】句意：她喜欢写故事，她想成为一名作家。根据“She loves to write stories,”结合单词首字母可知，此处是指作家，writer“作家”，被a修饰，名词用单数，故填(w)riter。 22. (w)riter 【解析】句意：马克·吐温是一位非常有名的美国作家。此处被不定冠词a限定，可知填名词单数；根据常识，可知马克·吐温是一名作家。writer意为“作家”，故答案为(w)riter。 23. (C)ompared 【解析】句意：与其他年份相比，我们收到了更多的照片。根据句意和结构，本题应使用短语compare with sth. “与……进行比较”，此处应使用该词的过去分词形式，作状语，句首首字母大写。故填(C)ompared。 24. (w)armth 【解析】句意：她如此善良，我们总能感受到她内心的温暖。根据“She is so kind that we can always feel”以及首字母提示可知，我们能感受到她内心的温暖，由“the”和“of”可知，空缺处用名词warmth“温暖”，故填(w)armth。 25. (C)ompared 【解析】句意：与汤姆相比，我非常喜欢英语。compare with“与……比较”，此处使用过去分词作状语，故填(C)ompared。   26. (w)armth 【解析】句意：当孟晚舟从加拿大回到中国，中国人满怀热情和兴奋欢迎她。介词“with”后缺宾语。根据“and excitement”可知用名词形成并列。根据“welcomed Meng Wanzhou with”及首字母提示可知表达“热情”，用名词“warmth”。故填(w)armth。 27. (w)riter 【解析】句意：简对写小说很感兴趣，她希望将来能成为一名作家。根据“Jane is interested in writing novels”以及所给首字母可知，她想成为一名作家，要用writer“作家”，由a可知要用单数，故填(w)riter。 28. (w)riters 【解析】句意：刘慈欣是伟大的作家之一。 我喜欢他的书《流浪的地球》。 根据“his book”及首字母可知，他是一名作家，writer“作家”，one of后接复数名词，故填(w)riters。 29. (c)rying 【解析】句意：当我还是个小婴儿的时候，整夜哭，我妈妈给我唱歌，陪在我身边。根据“When I was a tiny baby...all night, my mom sang to me and stayed by my side.”可知小时候哭的时候妈妈会给我唱歌，cry“哭”，句中有谓语动词，此处用非谓语动词，且主语和cry是主动关系，故用现在分词。故填(c)rying。 30. (r)aising 【解析】句意：每当我们看到国旗升起时，我们都应该站直。根据首字母和“we should stand straight.”可知是指升国旗，空格处应填raise“升高”，再根据see doing，强调某事正在发生，要使用raise的现在分词形式raising。故填(r)aising。 31. (c)oal 【解析】句意：过去，在冬天的时候乡村许多人们会燃烧煤炭使他们感觉暖和。根据首字母提示以及“to make them feel warm in winter.”可知，是用“煤炭”保暖；coal“煤炭”，不可数名词。故填(c)oal。 32. (c)oal 【解析】句意：村民们过去常常烧煤来取暖。根据“get warm”并结合首字母可知，过去在农村取暖是烧煤，coal“煤”，名词。故填(c)oal。 33. safety 【解析】句意：告诉学生们不要做危险的事情。毕竟，安全是最重要的。根据“Tell the students not to do something dangerous.”可知，不要做危险的事，所以此处表示“安全”，用于句中作主语，所以用其名词形式。故填safety。 34. (c)oal 【解析】句意：冬天贫穷地区的人们燃烧煤来取暖。根据“burn...to keep warm in winter”可知，空处意为“煤”，燃烧煤来取暖，英文表达为coal，是不可数名词。故填(c)oal。 35. (c)ompare 【解析】句意：如果你把她的作业和他的比较一下，你就会发现她的作业好多了。根据“you’ll find hers is much better”可知，此处指将作业进行比较；compare“比较”，动词；再根据该句是if引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时；主语为“you”，故此处用动词原形。故填(c)ompare。 36. (c)oal 【解析】句意：火正在熄灭。请再加些煤。根据“The fire is going out.”以及单词首字母可知，是指加点煤，coal“煤”，不可数名词，故填(c)oal。 37. (f)lood 【解析】句意：这场大雨最后导致了严重的洪灾。“洪水灾害”因为前面有a，所以这里用单数形式flood，在句中作宾语。故填(f)lood 。 38. (a)nywhere 【解析】句意：妈妈，我到处都找不到我的网球。你看到了吗? 根据 “I can’t find my tennis...”可知，在任何地方都找不到网球，anywhere “任何地方”，用于否定句中。故填(a)nywhere。 39. (f)lying 【解析】句意：看，有一些孩子在公园里快乐地放风筝。根据“kites”和所给首字母可知，此处表示“放风筝”fly kites。根据“Look”可知，此处指看的时候正在做的事，动词用现在分词。故填(f)lying。 40. (b)ringing 【解析】句意：每年有数百万人参观这座名山，给当地人民带来了许多好处。结合语境可知空处应填现在分词，bring动词，“带来”，bring...to...“给……带去……”，bringing现在分词，故填(b)ringing。 二、完成句子 41. 请把它拿近点，以便让我可以看得更清楚些。 Please bring it nearer I can see it more clearly. 42. 这个村庄现在变得如此美丽，每年很多游客来到这里。(根据汉语完成句子) The village has become many tourists come here every year. 43. 我们应该努力学好英语，以便能向全世界讲述中国故事。（完成译句） We should try to learn English well we can tell the stories of China to the whole world. 44. 追随着父母的脚步，西尼·麦克劳克林在很小的时候就开始跑步了。 her parents’ footsteps, Sydney McLaughlin-Levrone started running at an early age. 45. 你能看到那边有人在搭帐篷吗？ Can you see someone a tent over there? 46. 他对英语很感兴趣以至于他从未放弃自学。 He English that he never gave up learning it by himself. 47. 和诗歌相比较，故事通常有较长的段落。 poems, stories usually have longer passages. 48. 在过去人们往往把老师比作蜡烛，我想人们也是表达一种对老师的敬意吧。 People used to teachers candles. I think that’s a kind of respect for them. 49. 李小龙是如此的优秀，以至于他的成就不仅限于电影业。 Bruce Lee was that his achievements the film industry. 50. 毒品是如此的危险，以至于我们必须远离它们。 Drugs are dangerous we must keep away from them. 51. 老师说英语那么重要，我们都要努力学好它。 Our teacher said that English we must try to learn it well. 52. 我哥哥布雷恩对英语非常感兴趣，他总是在业余时间学习英语。 My brother Brian is interested in English he often learns English in his spare time. 53. 你最好把这些文件按类分好，以便能及时分发出去。 You’d better . 54. 我们每天得解决很多问题，熬夜是我们工作的一部分。 We have to deal with so many problems every day is a part of the job. 55. 我经过操场的时候听见他正在唱歌。 I when walked past the playground. 56. 他太年轻了，还不明白这个道理。 He was he couldn’t understand the truth. 57. 当他下班回到家，他看到他的父亲坐在沙发上正在读报纸。 When he came home from work, he his father in the sofa, newspapers. 58. 约翰跑得如此快，以至于我们赶不上他。 John ran fast we could not with him. 59. 贵州如此美丽，以至于每年都有成千上万的人来参观。 Guizhou is beautiful thousands of tourists visit it every year. 60. 重庆火锅是如此美味以至于它吸引了全国各地的人前来品尝。（完成译句） Chongqing hotpot is delicious it attracts people from all over China to taste it. 【答案&解析】 41. so that 【解析】分析中英文可知要翻译的是“以便”。so that以便，引导目的状语从句。故填so that。 42. so beautiful that 【解析】美丽的：beautiful。根据“如此美丽，每年很多游客来到这里。”可知，此处表达为so... that“如此……以致于”，so后接形容词。故填so beautiful that。 43.so that 【解析】根据题干和句意可知，空格处缺少“以便”。表达“以便”用so that。so that引导目的状语从句。故填so；that。 44.Following in 【解析】follow in one’s footsteps“追随某人的脚步”，固定短语。空处作句子状语，且follow与主语“Sydney McLaughlin-Levrone”是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，首字母大写。故填Following；in。 45. putting up 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“搭（帐篷）”，其英文表达为put up；根据“see someone...a tent over there?”可知，此处是指看见有人正在搭帐篷，see sb doing sth表示“看见某人正在做某事”。故填putting up。 46. was so interested in 【解析】so … that如此……以至于……，be interested in对……感兴趣。根据下文“he never gave up”可知，此处应用一般过去时，主句主语为“he”，故be动词应用was。故填was so interested in。 47.Compared with 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，compare with “和……相比”，此空在句首作状语，且主语stories与动词之间是被动关系，故此空应填过去分词。故填Compared；with。 48.compare to 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“把……比作……”的英文表达。compare...to...意为“把……比作……”；根据“used to”可知，考查used to do“过去常常做某事”，所以填动词原形compare。故填compare；to。 49.so excellent were beyond 【解析】优秀的：excellent，此处是so adj. that引导结果状语从句；不限于：be beyond...，句子用一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填so excellent；were beyond。 50. so that 【解析】根据中英文句子可知空处填“如此……以至于……”。so/such...that...“如此……以至于……”；so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词；因dangerous是形容词，所以用“so...that...”。故填so；that。 51.was so important that 【解析】根据“said”可知，该句为宾语从句，时态为一般过去时，“英语那么重要”译为“English was so important”，后面句子是结果，因为重要所以要学好它，结果状语从句，用“so...that”。故填was；so；important；that。 52.so that 【解析】根据句意可知，此处考查结果状语从句，用so…that…，表示“如此……以至于……”，so后面加形容词/副词，that后面加结果状语从句，故填so；that。 53. separate the papers into groups so that they can be handed out in time 【解析】separate...into...“把……分成……”；papers“文件”；groups“组”；so that“以便”，引导目的状语从句；they“它们”，代指文件；can be handed out“能够被分发”，是含情态动词的被动语态；in time“及时”。故填separate the papers into groups so that they can be handed out in time。 54. that staying up/that staying up late 【解析】根据中英文句子可知空处填“熬夜”。根据“so many problems every day”和“is a part of the job”可知空处考查so...that结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，that是连词，其后动词要用动名词作主语；stay up (late) “熬夜”，staying up (late) 动名词形式。故填that staying up/that staying up late。 55. heard him singing 【解析】根据汉英对照，hear sb doing sth“听到某人正在做某事”，根据从句“when walked past the playground”可知时态为一般过去时，其结构为：主语+动词的过去式+其他，所以主句的谓语动词用其过去式heard；him“他”，宾格形式；singing“唱歌”，现在分词形式。故填heard；him；singing。 56. so young that 【解析】根据句子结构及汉语分析，此处应用so...that表达“如此……以致于……，”引导结果状语从句，young表达“年轻的”。故填so young that。 57.saw sitting reading 【解析】see“看见”，动词，根据前句可知句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式saw；sit“坐”，see sb doing sth“看到某人正在做某事”，是固定短语。read newspapers“看报纸”，此处动词应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填saw；sitting；reading。 58. so that catch up 【解析】fast是副词，“如此……以至于……”用so...that表示；“赶上”catch up with，could not后跟动词原形。故填so；that；catch；up。 59.so that 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处考查so…that…“如此……以至于……”引导的结果状语从句。故填so；that。 60. so that 【解析】根据空格1在形容词delicious前，空格2后接从句，可知本句为“so+形容词+that+句子”句式，表示如此……以至于，结果状语从句。故填so；that。 【课后巩固】 Unit 1 Saving the Earth同步单元提高测试卷： II. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)(共10分) 1.Last night’s TV news said that by then the death of the missing people __________ yet. A．wasn’t proved B．hadn’t been proved C．hasn’t been proved D．didn’t prove 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：昨晚的电视新闻说，到那时失踪人员的死亡还没有被证实。昨天的新闻说是过去发生的事情，由“by then(到那时候)”可知，表示“过去的过去”时间，用过去完成时，且主语 the death 与谓语动词prove是被动关系，故选B。 2.Early to bed and early to rise ______ a man healthy. A．is made B．are made C．make D．makes 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：早睡早起使人健康。结合语境可知本句陈述客观事实，故时态用一般现在时，主语Early to bed and early to rise表示一种习惯，且与动词make“使变得”为主动关系，故句子用一般现在时的主动形式，不定式作主语按第三人称单数处理，故谓语用第三人称单数形式makes。故选D。 3.I have to say that I ________ football for 3 years when I was in junior high, though I am not any good now. A．played B．have played C．had played D．would have played 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我不得不说我在初中的时候踢了3年足球，虽然我现在踢得不好。根据“when I was in junior high”可知，此处只是描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故选A。 4.Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement __________so far by the two sides. A．has been reached B．was reached C．will reach D．will have reached 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语so far“到目前为止”可知用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系，根据句意可知选A。 5.Jack can’t attend the meeting this week because he ________ for London on business. A．leaves B．is leaving C．left D．leave 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：杰克本周不能参加会议，因为他要出差去伦敦。根据句意可知，事情发生在将来。leave“离开”，常用现在进行时表将来，表示对将来的计划、安排，且本句主语为he，故本空填is leaving。选项A是一般现在时，动词的第三人称单数形式；选项C是一般过去时；D是一般现在时，动词原形。故选B。 6.In the past few years, many schools ________ the ways of doing morning exercises. A．change B．are changing C．have changed D．will change 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，许多学校已经改变了做早操的方式。主语many schools后缺少谓语动词，根据In the past few years可知，谓语用现在完成时。故选C。 7.Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement __________so far by the two sides. A．has been reached B．was reached C．will reach D．will have reached 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语so far“到目前为止”可知用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系，根据句意可知选A。 8.—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere. —He went to the library after breakfast and ________ his essay there ever since. A．wrote B．had written C．has been writing D．is writing 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：——那彼得?我到处都找不到他。——早饭后他去了图书馆，从那时起他就一直在那儿写论文。结合句意以及时间状语 “ever since” 可知，他吃过早餐去图书馆之后，便一直在那里写论文，表示一个动作从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去，因此应该用现在完成进行时，故正确答案为C。 9.As is known to all, Diaoyu Island ________ China. A．belonging to B．belongs to C．is belonged to D．belonged to 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：众所周知，钓鱼岛属于中国。短语belong to没有被动语态，故排除C选项；此处陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为Diaoyu Island，谓语用三单形式。故选B。 10.It is the first time in my life that I ______ a shooting star. You can’t imagine how excited I was. A．see B．saw C．have seen D．had been seen 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是我有生以来第一次看到流星。你无法想象我有多兴奋。It is the first time that sb. has/have done“这是某人第一次做某事”为固定句式。故选C项。 III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once(将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)(共5分) A．refer    B．origin    C． produced    D．described    E. tend    F. hosts Have you experienced culture shock? Culture shock refers to the anxiety 11 when a person moves to a new environment. This term shows the lack of direction, the feeling of not knowing what to do or how to do things in a new environment, and not knowing which behaviour is appropriate. A person with culture shock may 12 to experience headaches or stomachaches, easy tiredness, loneliness, hopelessness, distrust of 13 , painful homesickness, insomnia, or a desire to sleep too much or too little. They are the typical symptoms of culture shock. Culture shock can be 14 as the physical and emotional discomfort one suffers when living in another country or place different from his or her place of 15 . Usually, the way we lived before is not considered normal in the new country. Everything is a challenge, like not speaking the language or using telephones. 【答案】11．C 12．E 13．F 14．D 15．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了文化冲击概念和一些典型症状。 11．考查非谓语动词。句意：文化冲击指的是当一个人搬到一个新环境时所产生的焦虑。由句意可知，此处表示“产生”焦虑。分析句子成分，该空在句中作非谓语动词，和逻辑主语the anxiety之间是被动关系，所以填过去分词produced，作后置定语。故选C。 12．考查动词结构。句意：受到文化冲击的人可能会经历头痛或胃痛、易疲劳、孤独、绝望、主人的不信任、痛苦的思乡、失眠、或者想睡太多或太少。空前是情态动词may，所以该空填动词原形，由空后提示词to可知， 此处填tend，构成短语tend to，表示“倾向于”。故选E。 13．考查名词。句意：受到文化冲击的人可能会经历头痛或胃痛、易疲劳、孤独、绝望、主人的不信任、痛苦的思乡、失眠、或者想睡太多或太少。空前是介词of，所以该空填名词，由句意可知，此处表示“主人”的不信任，所以填名词hosts。故选F。 14．考查动词语态。句意：文化冲击可以描述为一个人生活在另一个国家或不同于他或她的原籍地的地方时所遭受的身体和情感上的不适。空前是can be，所以该空填过去分词，构成情态动词的被动结构，由句意可知，此处表示“被描述为”一个人所遭受的身体和情感不适，所以填described。故选D。 15．考查名词。句意：文化冲击可以描述为一个人生活在另一个国家或不同于他或她的原籍地的地方时所遭受的身体和情感上的不适。空前是介词of，所以该空填名词，作宾语。由句意可知，此处表示不同于他或她的“原籍”的地方，所以填名词origin。故选B。 IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)(共6分) 16．She has a (create) mind and always comes up with unique ideas. 【答案】creative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她有一个创造性的头脑，总是提出独特的想法。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语。create的形容词形式为creative，意为“创造性的”。故填creative。 17．Part of Lang Ping’s success is due to her strong (determine) 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：郎平的成功部分归功于她的坚定决心。形容词性物主代词her后应用名词determination(不可数)作介词to的宾语。故填determination。 18． (actual), Lucy has been doing well in her studies as well as her extra curriculum in high school. 【答案】Actually 【详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，露西在高中的学习和额外课程都做得很好。修饰整句应用副词。句首字母大写，故填Actually。 19．The restaurant we had dinner last night was very expensive, because it was near the tourist attraction. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们昨晚吃饭的那家餐厅很贵，因为它离旅游景点很近。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，restaurant是先行词，从句中缺少地点状语，因此使用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。 20．We were (alarm) to see the Amazon rainforest is disappearing at alarming rate. 【答案】alarmed；an 【详解】考查形容词和冠词。句意：我们惊恐地看到亚马逊雨林正在以惊人的速度消失。第一空处提示词作表语，用形容词alarmed，意为“担忧的，惊恐的”，表明主语的心理状态；第二空处为固定短语at an alarming rate，意为“以惊人的速度”。故填alarmed；an。 21．Since its (establish), the department has dealt with numerous cases related mainly to social problems. 【答案】establishment 【详解】考查名词。句意：自成立以来，该机构处理了许多主要与社会问题有关的案件。空格前有形容词性物主代词修饰，用名词establishment，作宾语，意为“成立”。故填establishment。 V.Complete the following sentences as required(根据所给要求，完成下列句子)(共10分) 22. 然而花费太多时间上网有损健康，也会让你们很难把精力放在生活中的其他事情上。(V-ing做主语) (汉译英) 23. 大象的自然栖息地——森林正在受到威胁。(现在进行时被动语态)(汉译英) 24. 志愿者给困在村子里的人送去了食物和其他补给品。(定语从句)(汉译英) 25. 书法被视为一种艺术形式，不是吗？(反义疑问句) (汉译英) 26. 通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更加快乐，也更加健康了。(positive)(汉译英) 【答案】 22.However, spending too much time online does damage to your health and makes it difficult to focus on other things in your life. 23.The forest, the natural habitat of elephants, is being threatened. 24.Volunteers delivered food and other supplies to people who/that were trapped in the village. 25.Calligraphy is regarded as an art form, isn’t it? 26.By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier. VI. Reading comprehension(阅读理解)(共24分) A. Choose the best answer(根据语篇内容，选择最恰当的答案)(5分) It is sometimes jokingly said that you may skip a meal a day without any adverse effect but skip using your WeChat for an hour and you will feel distinctly unwell. It is an acknowledgement of the fact that the app is no longer only a fun tool but an essential part of life for millions. Launched in January 2011, this messaging, social media and mobile payment app today has more than 1 billion individual users. People use it for everything, from applying for a business license to booking a hospital appointment to keeping up with family and friends, shopping and paying bills—activities that are part and parcel of our everyday life. When it was first introduced,WeChat was only an app supporting voice, video, picture and text messages between two persons or among a group. But today it has become ubiquitous. In the past, people carried their wallet and keys with them wherever they went; today, a smart phone with WeChat installed is all they need in daily life. Its functions like Moments and mini programs and the official WeChat accounts of government agencies and companies have made communication and public services accessible and convenient like never before. WeChat is also widely used by enterprises. Figures from Tencent show there are around 15 million WeChat official accounts, which enjoy 5 billion followers. Most businesses use their WeChat groups as a standard marketing kit. This has immensely reduced advertising, marketing and communication costs, and in the background of the novel coronavirus disease, made operations faster, contactless and safe. However, there are concerns about the downsides of WeChat, such as addiction among primary school children. Equally serious is the misuse of WeChat for fraud or instigating crimes. However, it has to be kept in mind that these fallouts are not really the fault of WeChat, but due to the misuse of the app. If we learn to temper our use of messaging apps with prudence and pragmatism, we could be looking forward to yet new conveniences and experience in this decade with the rapid development of 5G technology and artificial intelligence. Ultimately, the choice is ours, whether to use WeChat or any other new invention, wisely or wantonly. 27．We can conclude from the first paragraph that ___________. A．we can easily skip a meal a day. B．we will be ill by not using WeChat. C．WeChat used to be meant for fun. D．WeChat has become inseparable in daily life. 28．The underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph 3 probably has the same meaning as ____________. A．everywhere. B．somewhere. C．nowhere. D．wherever. 29．For what reasons do the government agencies choose to use WeChat? A．WeChat has a mobile payment function. B．The agencies provide better service through WeChat. C．Mini programs are convenient for the agencies. D．People do not have to carry keys and cash with them. 30．What benefits does WeChat bring to the businesses? A．It has brought more followers. B．It has become a standard. C．It has helped to cut down the costs. D．It has made the businesses healthier. 31．What is to be remembered when we look at the downsides of WeChat? A．WeChat should be held responsibly. B．WeChat should be banned among primary school children. C．The improper use of the app leads to many problems. D．The 5G technology will bring new conveniences and experience. 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对微信的普及程度、好处和坏处进行了介绍。 27．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“It is an acknowledgement of the fact that the app is no longer only a fun tool but an essential part of life for millions.”（这是在承认这样一个事实：这款应用不再只是一个有趣的工具，而是数百万人生活中必不可少的一部分。）可知，微信已经成为日常生活中不可分割的一部分。故选D。 28．词句猜测题。根据第四段第一句“In the past, people carried their wallet and keys with them wherever they went; today, a smart phone with WeChat installed is all they need in daily life.”（在过去，人们无论去哪里都会随身携带钱包和钥匙；今天，一个安装了微信的智能手机是他们在日常生活中所需要的。）可知，此处是指微信就像过去的钱包一样随处可见。所以ubiquitous意为“随处可见的”。故选A。 29．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Its functions like Moments and mini programs and the official WeChat accounts of government agencies and companies have made communication and public services accessible and convenient like never before.”（它的朋友圈、小程序以及政府机构和公司的微信官方账号等功能，使沟通和公共服务变得前所未有的便捷。）可知，政府机构使用微信是因为这些机构通过微信提供更好的服务。故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据第五段第四句“This has immensely reduced advertising, marketing and communication costs, and in the background of the novel coronavirus disease, made operations faster, contactless and safe.”（这大大降低了广告、营销和传播成本，在新型冠状病毒疾病的背景下，提高了操作速度、非接触性和安全性。）可知，微信帮助企业减少了成本。故选C。 31．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“However, it has to be kept in mind that these fallouts are not really the fault of WeChat, but due to the misuse of the app.”（但是，需要记住的是，这些问题并不是微信的错，而是由于应用的误用。）可知，当我们看待微信的坏处时应该记住的是应用程序的不当使用导致了许多问题。故选C。 B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)(6分) As a parent trainer I am now dealing with helicopter parents the ones who take away all the difficulties and make it smooth sailing for their kids. Sometimes watching kids 32________ without jumping in to fix it for them is the 33________ hing parents can do. I appreciate someone who knows when it is time to let kids struggle a little 34________ that's real life and Mom (or Dad) won't always be there to give help. So, let kids 35________real life and grow up by failing, keeping on trying, never giving up and sometimes 36________learning from making mistakes.37________other words, parents have to be comfortable with the idea of allowing kids to fail as part of the learning goal.What matters in leaning? It isn't about whether or not it is perfect or correct. It matters whether or not kids have chances to go to places, to see things, to play, to inquire and so on. That is what I think teachers should do for kids: give them time to be kids;give them chances to grow up and experience life themselves. 32.A.succeed B. study C.fail D.pray 33.A. happiest B. hardest C.easiest D.luckiest 34.A.because B.but C.so D.and 35.A.know B.learn C.get D. experience 36. A. actually B.simply C.hardly D. gradually 37.A. From B. With C.By D. In [答案]32-37 CBADDD [解析]文章大意:文章主要讲述了家长培训师通过增训家长该如何做才能够让家长成为合格的父母。 (32)句意:有时，看着孩子们不插手解决问题就失败了，这是父母能做的最困难的事情。 succeed成功，study学习，fail失败，pray祈祷，根据后面without jumping in to fix it for them，可知父母不插手为他们解决问题，故答案是C。 (33)句意:有时，看着孩子们不插手解决问题就失败了，这是父母能做的最困难的事情。 happiest 最快乐的，hardest最难的，easiest最容易的，luckiest最幸运的，根据上文 As a parent trainer I am now dealing with helicopter parents-the ones who take away all the difficulties and make it smooth sailing for their kids.可知直升机父母就是克服所有的困难，让孩子顺利航行的那些父母，也就是说这些父母不顾一切让孩子远离伤害和失败，也不愿让孩子从错误中吸取经验教训，即使有时候是与孩子的意愿相违背的，由此可以推断出这里指:有时，看着孩子失败而不插手为他们解决问题是父母能做的最难的事情，故答案是B。 (34)句意:我很感激有人知道什么时候该让孩子们努力一点，因为这是现实生活，妈妈(或爸爸)不会总是在那里给予帮助。 because因为,but但是，so因此。and和，又，根据I appreciate someone who knows when it is time to let kids struggle a little …that's real life and Mom( or Dad )won't always be there to give help.可知:我很感激有人知道什么时候该让孩子挣扎一点，因为现实生活和妈妈(或爸爸)不可能总是在那里给予帮助。 这里表示因果关系，故答案是A。 (35)句意:所以，让孩子们体验现实生活，通过失败、不断尝试、永不放弃、有时逐渐从犯错中吸取教训来成长。 know知道，learn 学习，get得到，experience体验，经历，根据后面grow up by failing, keeping on trying, never giving up and sometimes gradually learning from making mistakes.可知从失败中成长、不断尝试、水不放弃、有时逐渐从错误中吸取经验教训，由此可以推断出这里指让孩子体验现实生活，故答案是D。 (36)意:所以，让孩子们体验现实生活，通过失败、不断尝试、水不放弃、有时逐渐从犯错中吸取教训来成长。actually 实际上，simply 简单地，hardly儿乎不，gradually逐渐地， 根据 So, let kids experience real life and grow up by failing, keeping on trying, never giving up and sometimes …learning from making mistake;让孩子体验现实生活,并通过失败、不断尝试、水不放弃、有时逐渐从错误中吸取经验教训，故答案是D。 (37)句意:换言之，家长必须接受让孩了失败的想法，这是学习目标的部分。in other words 换句话说.固定搭配，故答案是D。 C. Fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)(6分) Scientists guess that 80% of a person's weight gain comes from genetics and 20% comes from the person's environment. By 1998，more than 130 genes and gene neighbors were found to have some link to weight gain or weight loss in people. These different genes can e___38____work all together or work in groups. This means that different people may b___39___up or lose weight with difficulty for different reasons. One example of these different kinds of combinations is a family of genes that allows people to change extra fat into heat instead of s___40___the fat in the body. Animals which have this same family of genes do not gain weight easily as other animals. Other genes may affect how quickly the s___41___lets the brain know that it is full. If these genes slow down the passage of this information,people may eat more than they really need. Genes are also thought to be linked with a person's fidgets in a day. Fidgeting is small movements of a person's hands, feet,arms or legs usually when the person is n___42___ or excited. Fidgeting actually uses a lot of energy over a day and his energy usually comes from burning fat. In one experiment about weight gain，researchers wanted to see how much energy different people used when they were resting. People in the experiment were asked to lie on a bed and not move for 40 minutes. Researchers then measured the energy the person used for breathing. They found that different people in the study used very different a___43___of energy for this one job,breathing. Researchers calculated that some people in the study burned 1, 067 calories per day w___44___others burned up to 3, 015 calories. Those people who burn fewer calories doing normal work or exercise have a slow metabolism(新陈代谢). 【答案】38.either 39.build 40.storing 41.stomach 42.nervous 43.amounts 44.while 【分析】文章大意:本文主要介绍了体重增加和基因之间的关系。 【点评】考查单词拼写。首先跳过空格通读全文，理解文章大意，然后根据语境和所给单词首字母选择正 确的词形和词性，注意固定搭配，语法和句型结构等因素。 38.句意:这些不同的基因要么一起起作用，要么成组起作用。either...or...要么....要么……，固定搭配，故填either。 39.句意:这意味着不同的人可能因为不同的原因而增肥或减肥。根据后面的选择并列关系or lose weight可知，此处指build up weight增加体重，固定搭配，前面是情态动词，此处用动词原形，故填build 。 40，句意:这些不同类型的组合的一个例子是一个基因家族，它允许人们将多余的脂肪转化为热量，而不是储存体内的脂肪。根据allows people to change extra fat into heat可知，此处相反的意思是储存体内的脂肪，store储存，动词，前面是of，此处用动名词作介词宾语，故填storing 。 41.句意:其他基因可能会影响胃如何让大脑快速知道它已经吃饱。根据lets the brain know that it is full 可知，此处it指代的应该是胃，stomach，可数名词，此处谓语动词是第三人称单数，主语应该用名词单数，故填 stomach 。 42.句意:坐立不安是指一个人的手、脚、胳膊或腿的小动作，通常是在这个人紧张或兴奋的时候。or连接选择成分，前后形式和意思应该一致或相反，根据or后面excited可知，此处应该是紧张的，nervous，形容词，用作表语，故填nervous 。 43.句意:他们发现，在这项研究中，不同的人在呼吸这一项工作中使用了截然不同数量的能量。different amounts of 不同数量的，固定搭配，故填amounts。 44.句意:研究人员计算出，研究中的一些人每天消耗1067卡路里，而另一些人则消耗了3015卡路里。根据前后句句意可知，前后是比较关系，用while引导比较状语从句，故填while。 D. Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题)(7分) I was sitting in an introduction to calligraphy workshop when a fellow student asked the teacher, “ What do I need to become a professional calligrapher? ” We were all on the edge of our seats with that one. It was as if we were about to learn the secret ingredient to Grandma’s cookies. The answer, to our surprise, was pen and paper. “The materials are no different than that of a beginner calligrapher, ” the instructor explained. The difference between a beginner and professional calligrapher is not in the tools they use, but rather in the professional’s commitment (奉献) to practice and the time they took to learn and do something. The same goes for any professional at their craft. When we look up to the expert, we think that increasing the quality of materials or having access to nicer resources is what makes them great. This assumption doesn’t take into account the time it would have taken them to learn something new and to achieve their goals. Instead, we want to cut corners, looking for a shortcut. We want to make progress as soon as possible. But it is not a strategy that necessarily benefits us. My current goal is to become an independent filmmaker. What would it take, what would I need to make the best movies? I too, wanted the shortcut. The direct way to achieve my goal. Is there a certain camera I need to have, light kit (工具箱), microphone or skill that would lead me right to success? After watching online videos about film-making, I realized I had all that I needed to achieve my goal. There was no shortcut to film-making. It was just going to take time. It’s easy to get caught in wasting time looking for a solution instead of time. In the end, we lose energy and motivation looking for the right tools or answers. We do things to go fast rather than far. We focus on the end result instead of allowing ourselves to enjoy the journey. Go for. Reach farther. Take the time to become your best self. 45．What does the underlined word “ craft ” mean in English? 46．What is the passage mainly talking about? 47．What is the difference between a beginner and professional calligrapher? 48．According to the passage, what is the author’s goal? 49．Do you think there is a shortcut to success? Why? 【答案】 45．Skill.     46．It is about success taking time.     47．It is in the professional’s commitment to practice and the time they took to learn and do something.     48．To become an independent filmmaker.     49．I think there is no shortcut to success. Because success requires constant persistence, hard work, and long hours of accumulation and training. 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者参加一个书法家导读班的经历，让他明白的是，对于成功，我们希望尽快取得进展。但这种策略不一定对我们有利。我们专注于最终结果，而不是让自己享受过程。事实上，获得成功是需要时间的。 45．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“The difference between a beginner and professional calligrapher is not in the tools they use, but rather in the professional’s commitment (奉献) to practice and the time they took to learn and do something.”（初学书法家和专业书法家的区别不在于他们使用的工具，而在于专业书法家对练习的投入以及他们花在学习和做一些事情上的时间。）可知，初学书法家和专业书法家的区别在于专业书法家对于学习和练习上投入的时间要更多。画线词所在句中的“their”指代的就是上文的内容。故这一点可以说适用于其他任何的专业方面的技能。即任何方面的技能都是需要时间的投入的。故skill与craft的词义相近，指代的是任何职业方面的技巧。故答案为Skill. 46．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中“We do things to go fast rather than far. We focus on the end result instead of allowing ourselves to enjoy the journey. Go for. Reach farther. Take the time to become your best self.”（我们做事要快，而不是要远。我们专注于最终结果，而不是让自己享受过程。启程吧，达到更远。花点时间做最好的自己。）可知，如果要取得成功这是需要花费时间的。文章最后一段概括了全文，即为文章的主旨。故答案为It is about success taking time. 47．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The difference between a beginner and professional calligrapher is not in the tools they use, but rather in the professional’s commitment (奉献) to practice and the time they took to learn and do something.”（初学书法家和专业书法家的区别不在于他们使用的工具，而在于专业书法家对练习的投入以及他们花在学习和做一些事情上的时间。）可知，初学书法家和专业书法家的区别在于专业书法家对于学习和练习上投入的时间要更多。故是专业人士对实践的投入，以及他们花在学习和做某事上的时间才导致了他们的成功。故答案为It is in the professional’s commitment to practice and the time they took to learn and do something. 48．考查细节理解。根据第五段中“My current goal is to become an independent filmmaker. ”（我现在的目标是成为一名独立电影人。）可知，作者的目标是成为独立电影人。故答案为To become an independent filmmaker. 49．开放题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。根据题干“Do you think there is a shortcut to success? Why?”（成功有捷径么？）可推知，根据个人观点我认为成功是没有捷径的。成功需要不断地坚持、努力地付出以及长时间的积累和训练。故参考答案为I think there is no shortcut to success. Because success requires constant persistence, hard work, and long hours of accumulation and training. VII.Writing(作文)(共10分) 50. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Chris发来电子邮件询问你参加了学校的哪个俱乐部。请你给他回复一封电子邮件，介绍你参加的俱乐部的情况，内容包括： 1. 俱乐部名称； 2. 参加原因； 3. 你的感悟。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 电子邮件的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Chris, I am glad to hear from you. I’d like to tell you something about the club I am in. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Chris, I am glad to hear from you. I’d like to tell you something about the club I am in. I have joined the Music Club at our school. The reason why I chose this club is because of my passion for music and my desire to improve my musical skills. Being a member of the club has allowed me to meet people with similar interests and learn from talented musicians. Participating in various activities and performances has deeply enriched my understanding of music, and has taught me the value of teamwork and dedication. I truly enjoy and cherish every moment in the club. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生的外国朋友Chris发来电子邮件询问你参加了学校的哪个俱乐部。请考生给他回复一封电子邮件，介绍考生参加的俱乐部的情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 加入：join → enroll in/enlist in 激情：passion → enthusiasm 提高：improve → enhance 珍惜：cherish → treasure 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Being a member of the club has allowed me to meet people with similar interests and learn from talented musicians. 拓展句：Because I am a member of the club, I have been allowed to meet people with similar interests and learn from talented musicians. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】The reason why I chose this club is because of my passion for music and my desire to improve my musical skills.（运用了why引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Being a member of the club has allowed me to meet people with similar interests and learn from talented musicians.（运用了动名词Being作主语、不定式to meet作宾补） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 1 Saving the earth单元知识梳理&测试题(学生版) 【课前热身】 选词填空 A. atmosphere B. polluting C. fuels D. layer E. erosion F. pollution 1. The covering of ozone around the earth protects us from the sun. 2. I like to wear a mask to protect myself from the dangerous and dirty substances in the air. 3. The area of oxygen, nitrogen and other gases around our planet is important to human beings. 4. We can use gas, oil, petrol and coal to keep us warm. 5. The factory keeps badly affecting and damaging the river. We must stop it. 6. Cutting down too many trees will cause the destruction and removal of soil. A. damage B.essential C.erosion D.environment E. personality F. drowned G. murder 7. This part of the river is dangerous.A few people have been killed in water here. 8. The loss of top soil leads to flood. 9. Chemicals in the air pollute the natural world around us. 10. These easy words are extremely necessary to the learners of English. 11. His character is entirely different form his brother's. 12. Some chemicals will harm the atmosphere if we let them into the air. 【知识梳理】 Unit 1 Saving the earth知识点梳理 1. _ n.环境 _ adj.环境的 e.g. If we destroy our environment, we will destroy ourselves.如果我们破坏环境,我们就会毁灭我们自己。 2. _ adj.无生命的_v.居住;生活_n.生命 _adj.活着的 _adj.活的 _adj.活泼的 e.g. We think that Mars is a lifeless planet.我们认为火星是一颗无生命的星球。 3. _adj.巨大的 _n.团;块;大量 e.g. I've got a massive amount of work to do.我有大量的工作要做。 4._v.污染 _ n. 污染 _adj. 被污染的 e. g. Your smoking is polluting the air in this room.你的吸烟行为正在污染这个房间里的空气。 5. _n.危险 _v.威胁 e.g. Corruption and crime are serious threats to any society.腐败和犯罪对任何社会都是严重的威胁。 6. _n.流失 _v.侵蚀;腐蚀 e. g. Sand is created by the erosion of rocks.沙子是由岩石侵蚀形成的。 7. _vi.存在,发生 e. g. If an earthquake occurs in California, many people may die.如果加利福尼亚发生地震,许多人可能会丧生。 8. _adj.重要的,必需的 e.g. Oxygen is vital for life.氧气对生命至关重要。 9. _v.表现_n. 行动_n. 活动 _adj. 积极的 _n.男演员 _ n. 女演员 e. g. Although he is fifty, he acts like a kid.虽然他五十岁了,但他表现得像个孩子。 10. _ n.温暖 _adj. 温暖的 e. g. I like to stay in the sun to get the warmth.我喜欢待在阳光下感受温暖。 11. _n. & adj.化学药品;化学的 _ n.化学 e. g. There are all kinds of chemicals in our lab.我们实验室里有各种各样的化学药品。 12. _adv.主要地 _adj. 主要的 e. g. It's mainly because you are not an adult.这主要是因为你还不是成年人。 13. _v.生产 _n. 生产;产量 _n. 产品 e. g. This factory can produce many modern cars.这家工厂能生产许多现代化的汽车。 14. _adj.保护的 _v. 保护 _n. 保护 e. g. Many animals have protective colors.许多动物有保护色。 15. _ n.破坏 _ v. 破坏;摧毁 e. g. The destruction caused by these ants is very serious.这些蚂蚁造成的破坏非常严重。 16. _n.消费者 _v. 消耗;消费 e. g. You must be very patient to your consumers.你必须对你的消费者非常有耐心。 17. _例如;诸如此类 e. g. I like fruits such as apples, bananas and so on.我喜欢水果,比如苹果、香蕉等等。 18. _对于……的损害 e. g. Let's talk about damage to the ozone layer today.今天我们来谈谈对臭氧层的破坏。 19. _ 和;也 e. g. He is interested in science, literature as well as music.他对科学、文学还有音乐都感兴趣。 20. what to do with how to deal with 怎么处理 e. g. I still don't know what to do with the problem of generation gap.我仍然不知道该如何处理代沟问题。 Unit 1 Saving the earth语法填空1(课文Reading改编) The Young Green Consumer Guide John Elkington and Julia Hailes Illustrated by Tony Ross Review by Tony Ma The green consumer This book says our world is in danger. It describes the various threats to the environment. The situation is so serious that we must do something to save the Earth. The greenhouse effect The writers ask us to “imagine that the Earth is inside a kind of greenhouse with the atmosphere around it. The atmosphere acts like the glass: it lets sunlight in and keeps warmth from 1. _ (get) out. The atmosphere is essential for all living things. Without it, the Earth would be as cold and 2. _ (life) as the surface of the moon.” “The trouble is that our atmosphere is changing because we are polluting it with chemicals—in the form of gases—and it is keeping in too much heat!” These gases, mainly carbon dioxide (CO₂), are produced by 3. _ (burn) fuels such as petrol. The greenhouse effect may cause the level of the sea to rise and flood cities and even whole countries. Damage to the ozone layer The writers tell us that “ozone is a gas which 4. _ (occur) 20 to 50 km above the ground. It forms an essential protective 5. _ (layer) around the Earth. Without it, the Sun would burn us up.” We are making holes in the ozone layer, mainly by using chemicals 6. _ (call) CFCs. We use these in fridges and spray cans, and to make plastic items such as fast food boxes. Destruction of the forests The burning and cutting down of the forests is making the greenhouse effect worse because trees take 7. _ CO₂. It also causes soil erosion and flooding, as well as destroying the homes of people and animals that live in the forests. Bad habits Many of our habits cause pollution, especially our habit of using things once and then throwing them away. This creates massive mountains of rubbish. We do not know what to do with the rubbish and it 8. _ (pollute) our land and sea. For example, people throw away as many as seven billion drink cans in Britain each year. That is enough to reach from the Earth to the moon. How can we save the Earth? The book is asking us to become “green consumers”. That means we should only buy and use environmentally 9. _ (friend) goods so that we can save the Earth. These goods will not damage the environment. Let’s be green consumers and enjoy 10. _ (live) a better life on the Earth! Unit 1 Saving the earth语法填空2(课文More practice改编) MILLIONS OF TREES ON FIRE Tim: In South-east Asia, thousands of hectares of forests are still on fire. The smog from the fire has already caused hundreds of 1. _ (die) and illnesses. Our reporter, Penny Wang, is there and has this report. Penny: It's now just three in the afternoon, but it seems like night-time. A thick smog is covering most of the countries in South-east Asia. Many people are wearing masks 2. _ (cover) their mouths and noses. Thousands are suffering 3. _ eye or breathing problems. One doctor told me that 4. _ (live) in this smog is like smoking 600 cigarettes a day. The fires are still burning. There are 8,500 firefighters 5. _ (try) to put out the fires, and another 2,000 are coming from around the world to help them. But the fires are too big to put out. The only thing that can extinguish them now is lots of rain—and rain is not 6. _ (expect) for several weeks. Tim: Penny, can you remind us how these terrible fires started? Penny: Well, most of the fires were started by farmers. They wanted to clear the land before they planted new fields. But this year things are much 7. _ (bad) than usual. Some big companies bought large areas of land. They are using fires to clear them quickly 8. _ that they can plant rice, palm oil trees or rubber trees. Second, a drought started many months ago so the land is very dry. Tim: Penny, you've told us about some of the effects of the fire on people. What other problems are the fires causing? Penny: Well, there are almost no tourists here at the moment. Also, the smog has caused some bad accidents. But the most serious problem is that the fire is destroying the forests. As you know, trees take harmful gases from the air, and release oxygen. They are very 9. _ (importance) to the world, and now millions of them are burning. Tim: I hope the fire will be put 10. _ soon. Unit 1 Saving the earth单元知识精讲 1.global adj.全球的,全世界的 【典型例句】 _.全球变暖是个确实存在的问题。 _.委员会要求全球禁止捕鲸。 【知识拓展】 _ adv.全局地;世界上 _ n.全球化 _全球经济 _全球变暖_全球市场 【拓展练习】完成句子 Environmentalists fear that this is a shortsighted approach to the problem of _. 环境保护主义者们担心这会是解决全球变暖问题的一个目光短浅的方法。 2.threat n.威胁,恐吓;构成威胁的人(或事物) 【典型例句】 Supplies are under increasing threat from overuse and pollution._。 【知识拓展】 threaten v.威胁;恐吓;预示 _ adj.受到威胁的 _adj.危险的;胁迫的;凶兆的 【拓展练习】完成句子 I mistook her offer as _.我把她的好心错看成威胁了。 Humans also _ carnivorous plants in other ways.人类还以其他方式对食肉植物产生威胁。 3.form v.(使)(关系、习惯或想法)形成;构成,是……的组成部分; n.表格;类别,种类;形状,外形 【典型例句】 Water vapour condenses to form clouds._。 _.音乐与其他艺术形式迥然不同。 【知识拓展】 _以…的形式 _在形式上 【拓展练习】完成句子 Swimming is_ exercise.游泳是很好的锻炼方式。 Clothes are a fundamental_of self-expression.服饰是一种基本的自我表现形式。 They hope_the new football team.他们希望组建新足球队。 4.damage n.损害,伤害;v. 损坏,损害;对……造成坏影响 【典型例句】 _.火灾造成了巨大的损失。 Happily, the damage was only slight.所幸的是,损伤不大。 【知识拓展】 do/ cause damage to对…造成损坏,带来损害 【拓展练习】完成句子 _to the building was considerable.对这栋建筑物的损坏相当严重。 We're very sorry about _ your car.损坏了你的车,我们真是过意不去。 Maternal smoking _the unborn child.母亲吸烟可能会伤害未出生的孩子。 5.protect v.保护,防护 【典型例句】 These regulations were made to protect children._。 We have a moral obligation to protect the environment._。 【知识拓展】 _使免受... _.使...免受... 【拓展练习】完成句子 Tears help to _ from potentially harmful foreign bodies. 眼泪有助于保护眼睛去除可能有害的异物。 Running may help to _ heart disease and other health problems. 跑步可能有助于预防心脏病和其他健康问题。 6.destroy v.破坏,毁灭 【典型例句】A wildfire can destroy everything in its way.一场野火可能会破坏一切。 They can threaten some native species or even destroy and replace others. _。 【知识拓展】 _ n.破坏,摧毁 _ adj.破坏的;毁灭性的 【拓展练习】 Some people think that if they get out of control, nano-robots could _ the Earth. 一些人认为,如果纳米机器人失去控制,它们可能会摧毁地球。 It is vital that we act to stop the _ of the rainforest. 至关紧要的是,我们应当采取行动制止破坏雨林。 7.various adj.各种各样的;迥异的,千差万别的 【典型例句】 There are various courses open to us.我们有多种处理方法可采取。 【知识拓展】 _ n.多样化,变化;种类 【拓展练习】完成句子 The methods are many and_. 方法很多而且各不相同。 There is a wide _ of patterns to choose from. 有种类繁多的图案可供选择。 8.attractive adj.吸引人的,有吸引力的;迷人的,有魅力的; 【典型例句】 Overtime is not attractive to this generation.加班对这一代人没有吸引力。 【知识拓展】 _v.吸引;(物体间)产生引力;引起;有吸引力 【拓展练习】完成句子 It is selling very well, in part because the packaging is so_. 它卖得非常好,部分原因在于包装很吸引人。 How can we _ more visitors to our website? 我们如何才能吸引更多人访问我们的网站呢? 9.introduce v.介绍,引见 【典型例句】 It gives me great pleasure to introduce our guest speaker.我很荣幸来介绍我们的特约演讲人。 Now would you please briefly introduce yourselves to each other?现在请彼此之间简单介绍一下自己吧! 【知识拓展】 _ n.介绍;引进;入门 【拓展练习】完成句子 In the unit one, we learned _ oneself.在第一单元,我们学习了如何介绍某人自己。 We want _ the latest technology into schools.我们想向各学校推介最新的技术。 10.burn…up焚毁,烧掉 【典型例句】 A single cigarette can easily burn up 15 minutes._。 Don't burn up these old books. They might be useful.不要烧掉这些书,它们也许还有用。 【知识拓展】 _烧毁;疲惫不堪 _被火烧毁;逐渐熄灭 【拓展练习】完成句子 If the satellite returns to earth too fast, it will _ on the way. 如果人造卫星返回地球太快,它在归途中就会烧毁了。 If you are constantly overwhelmed, you will_. 如果你不断受到打击,你将会心力交瘁。 If you forgot to turn it off when you went away, you might_ the house. 如果你走的时候忘记关掉它,可能会把房子给烧了。 11.take in吸收;欣赏;收留 【典型例句】 Fish take in oxygen through their gills._。 I generally take in a show when I'm in New York.我每次去纽约通常总会看一场演出。 【知识拓展】 take in a movie看一场电影 【拓展练习】完成句子 Humans_oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.人吸入氧气,呼出二氧化碳。 12.compare to对比,比较(将两个或多个事物进行对照,以找出它们的相似之处或不同之处) 【典型例句】 Now let's compare to path B.现在我们和路径B比较一下。 【知识拓展】 _与…相比较 _交换意见 【拓展练习】完成句子 Little can _ the feeling of a deep, complete, heartfelt laughing spell. 没有什么感觉比得上发自内心深处的,彻彻底底的,衷心的笑声。 The flowers here do not compare with those at home.这儿的花比不上家里的花。 13.suffer from遭受 【典型例句】 _.许多学生考试怯阵。 Chinese people will not suffer from hunger any long.中国人再也不会挨饿了。 【拓展练习】完成句子 Many people suffer from mental illness at some point in their lives._。 Parts of Spain and Portugal suffer from terrible forest fires.西班牙和葡萄牙的部分地区遭受严重的森林火灾。 14.remind sb of sth提醒某人(想起某事) 【典型例句】 Did this remind you of something?这让你想起什么了吗? _.我买这张卡片是要提醒你的生日到了。 【拓展练习】完成句子 They _when I used to live in Spain.它们让我想起那些我在西班牙生活的日子。 Your words_the saying honey is sweet but the bee stings. 你的话让我想起了“蜂蜜是甜的,但蜜蜂会蜇人”这句谚语。 练一练 一、单词拼写 1. She sat by the fire and felt the w spread through her body. 2. With the i in population, the traffic becomes worse and worse. 3. Mark Twain is an American w . 4. In spring, people like to go out to enjoy the w of the sun and breathe fresh air. 5. The sun gives us w and light. 6. Mom, I can’t find my hair band a . Did you see it? 7. In the digital (数字) age, electronic learning has become increasingly popular, allowing students to learn a in the world, like on the bus or in the park. 8. The new student is moved by the w of the welcome from his classmates. 9. Another railway c Shanghai to Nanjing was put into use the other day. 10. L back at the past three years in No.3 High School, I don’t leave any regrets. 11. Jenny is d . She can’t hear anything because of a high fever in her childhood. 12. Father Christmas gives gifts to children, s love and joy everywhere he goes. 13. Don’t always c your weak points with others’ strong points, or you may not feel good about yourself. 14. He now treats everyone with kindness and w . 15. The small acts of kindness in life can bring w to people’s heart and make a big difference. 16. The (compete) from all over the world took part in Weifang International Kite Festival. 17. The earth is a beautiful blue p . 18. In order to find the missing boy, his parents p a lot of his pictures and put up on the walls. 19. The movie is so e that I want to watch it again. 20. The high-speed railway c Siyang to many cities has been in use for years. 21. She loves to write stories, and she wants to be a w . 22. Mark Twain is a very famous American w . 23. C with other years, we received many more photos. 24. She is so kind that we can always feel the w from her heart. 25. C with Tom, I like English a lot. 26. Chinese people welcomed Meng Wanzhou with w and excitement when she came back from Canada. 27. Jane is interested in writing novels and she hopes to become a w in the future. 28. Liu Cixin is one of the great w . I love his book The Wandering Earth. 29. When I was a tiny baby c all night, my mom sang to me and stayed by my side. 30. Whenever we see our flag r , we should stand straight. 31. In the past, many people in countryside burnt c to make them feel warm in winter. 32. The villagers used to burn c to get warm. 33. Tell the students not to do something dangerous. After all, s is the most important. 34. People in some poor areas burn c to keep warm in winter. 35. If you c her homework with his, you’ll find hers is much better. 36. The fire is going out. Please add more c . 37. The heavy rain caused a serious f in the end. 38. Mum, I can’t find my tennis a . Have you seen it? 39. Look, there are some children f kites happily in the park. 40. There are millions of people visiting the famous mountain every year, b many benefits (益处) to the local people. 二、完成句子 41. 请把它拿近点,以便让我可以看得更清楚些。 Please bring it nearer I can see it more clearly. 42. 这个村庄现在变得如此美丽,每年很多游客来到这里。(根据汉语完成句子) The village has become many tourists come here every year. 43. 我们应该努力学好英语,以便能向全世界讲述中国故事。(完成译句) We should try to learn English well we can tell the stories of China to the whole world. 44. 追随着父母的脚步,西尼 麦克劳克林在很小的时候就开始跑步了。 her parents’ footsteps, Sydney McLaughlin-Levrone started running at an early age. 45. 你能看到那边有人在搭帐篷吗? Can you see someone a tent over there? 46. 他对英语很感兴趣以至于他从未放弃自学。 He English that he never gave up learning it by himself. 47. 和诗歌相比较,故事通常有较长的段落。 poems, stories usually have longer passages. 48. 在过去人们往往把老师比作蜡烛,我想人们也是表达一种对老师的敬意吧。 People used to teachers candles. I think that’s a kind of respect for them. 49. 李小龙是如此的优秀,以至于他的成就不仅限于电影业。 Bruce Lee was that his achievements the film industry. 50. 毒品是如此的危险,以至于我们必须远离它们。 Drugs are dangerous we must keep away from them. 51. 老师说英语那么重要,我们都要努力学好它。 Our teacher said that English we must try to learn it well. 52. 我哥哥布雷恩对英语非常感兴趣,他总是在业余时间学习英语。 My brother Brian is interested in English he often learns English in his spare time. 53. 你最好把这些文件按类分好,以便能及时分发出去。 You’d better . 54. 我们每天得解决很多问题,熬夜是我们工作的一部分。 We have to deal with so many problems every day is a part of the job. 55. 我经过操场的时候听见他正在唱歌。 I when walked past the playground. 56. 他太年轻了,还不明白这个道理。 He was he couldn’t understand the truth. 57. 当他下班回到家,他看到他的父亲坐在沙发上正在读报纸。 When he came home from work, he his father in the sofa, newspapers. 58. 约翰跑得如此快,以至于我们赶不上他。 John ran fast we could not with him. 59. 贵州如此美丽,以至于每年都有成千上万的人来参观。 Guizhou is beautiful thousands of tourists visit it every year. 60. 重庆火锅是如此美味以至于它吸引了全国各地的人前来品尝。(完成译句) Chongqing hotpot is delicious it attracts people from all over China to taste it. 【课后巩固】 Unit 1 Saving the Earth同步单元提高测试卷: II. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)(共10分) 1.Last night’s TV news said that by then the death of the missing people _ yet. A.wasn’t proved B.hadn’t been proved C.hasn’t been proved D.didn’t prove 2.Early to bed and early to rise _ a man healthy. A.is made B.are made C.make D.makes 3.I have to say that I _ football for 3 years when I was in junior high, though I am not any good now. A.played B.have played C.had played D.would have played 4.Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _so far by the two sides. A.has been reached B.was reached C.will reach D.will have reached 5.Jack can’t attend the meeting this week because he _ for London on business. A.leaves B.is leaving C.left D.leave 6.In the past few years, many schools _ the ways of doing morning exercises. A.change B.are changing C.have changed D.will change 7.Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _so far by the two sides. A.has been reached B.was reached C.will reach D.will have reached 8.—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere. —He went to the library after breakfast and _ his essay there ever since. A.wrote B.had written C.has been writing D.is writing 9.As is known to all, Diaoyu Island _ China. A.belonging to B.belongs to C.is belonged to D.belonged to 10.It is the first time in my life that I _ a shooting star. You can’t imagine how excited I was. A.see B.saw C.have seen D.had been seen III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once(将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词,每词只能填一次)(共5分) A.refer B.origin C. produced D.described E. tend F. hosts Have you experienced culture shock? Culture shock refers to the anxiety 11 when a person moves to a new environment. This term shows the lack of direction, the feeling of not knowing what to do or how to do things in a new environment, and not knowing which behaviour is appropriate. A person with culture shock may 12 to experience headaches or stomachaches, easy tiredness, loneliness, hopelessness, distrust of 13 , painful homesickness, insomnia, or a desire to sleep too much or too little. They are the typical symptoms of culture shock. Culture shock can be 14 as the physical and emotional discomfort one suffers when living in another country or place different from his or her place of 15 . Usually, the way we lived before is not considered normal in the new country. Everything is a challenge, like not speaking the language or using telephones. IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)(共6分) 16.She has a (create) mind and always comes up with unique ideas. 17.Part of Lang Ping’s success is due to her strong (determine) 18. (actual), Lucy has been doing well in her studies as well as her extra curriculum in high school. 19.The restaurant we had dinner last night was very expensive, because it was near the tourist attraction. 20.We were (alarm) to see the Amazon rainforest is disappearing at alarming rate. 21.Since its (establish), the department has dealt with numerous cases related mainly to social problems. V.Complete the following sentences as required(根据所给要求,完成下列句子)(共10分) 22. 然而花费太多时间上网有损健康,也会让你们很难把精力放在生活中的其他事情上。(V-ing做主语) (汉译英) 23. 大象的自然栖息地——森林正在受到威胁。(现在进行时被动语态)(汉译英) 24. 志愿者给困在村子里的人送去了食物和其他补给品。(定语从句)(汉译英) 25. 书法被视为一种艺术形式,不是吗?(反义疑问句) (汉译英) 26. 通过积极看待自我和自己的身体,我变得更加快乐,也更加健康了。(positive)(汉译英) VI. Reading comprehension(阅读理解)(共24分) A. Choose the best answer(根据语篇内容,选择最恰当的答案)(5分) It is sometimes jokingly said that you may skip a meal a day without any adverse effect but skip using your WeChat for an hour and you will feel distinctly unwell. It is an acknowledgement of the fact that the app is no longer only a fun tool but an essential part of life for millions. Launched in January 2011, this messaging, social media and mobile payment app today has more than 1 billion individual users. People use it for everything, from applying for a business license to booking a hospital appointment to keeping up with family and friends, shopping and paying bills—activities that are part and parcel of our everyday life. When it was first introduced,WeChat was only an app supporting voice, video, picture and text messages between two persons or among a group. But today it has become ubiquitous. In the past, people carried their wallet and keys with them wherever they went; today, a smart phone with WeChat installed is all they need in daily life. Its functions like Moments and mini programs and the official WeChat accounts of government agencies and companies have made communication and public services accessible and convenient like never before. WeChat is also widely used by enterprises. Figures from Tencent show there are around 15 million WeChat official accounts, which enjoy 5 billion followers. Most businesses use their WeChat groups as a standard marketing kit. This has immensely reduced advertising, marketing and communication costs, and in the background of the novel coronavirus disease, made operations faster, contactless and safe. However, there are concerns about the downsides of WeChat, such as addiction among primary school children. Equally serious is the misuse of WeChat for fraud or instigating crimes. However, it has to be kept in mind that these fallouts are not really the fault of WeChat, but due to the misuse of the app. If we learn to temper our use of messaging apps with prudence and pragmatism, we could be looking forward to yet new conveniences and experience in this decade with the rapid development of 5G technology and artificial intelligence. Ultimately, the choice is ours, whether to use WeChat or any other new invention, wisely or wantonly. 27.We can conclude from the first paragraph that _. A.we can easily skip a meal a day. B.we will be ill by not using WeChat. C.WeChat used to be meant for fun. D.WeChat has become inseparable in daily life. 28.The underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph 3 probably has the same meaning as _. A.everywhere. B.somewhere. C.nowhere. D.wherever. 29.For what reasons do the government agencies choose to use WeChat? A.WeChat has a mobile payment function. B.The agencies provide better service through WeChat. C.Mini programs are convenient for the agencies. D.People do not have to carry keys and cash with them. 30.What benefits does WeChat bring to the businesses? A.It has brought more followers. B.It has become a standard. C.It has helped to cut down the costs. D.It has made the businesses healthier. 31.What is to be remembered when we look at the downsides of WeChat? A.WeChat should be held responsibly. B.WeChat should be banned among primary school children. C.The improper use of the app leads to many problems. D.The 5G technology will bring new conveniences and experience. B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)(6分) As a parent trainer I am now dealing with helicopter parents the ones who take away all the difficulties and make it smooth sailing for their kids. Sometimes watching kids 32_ without jumping in to fix it for them is the 33_ hing parents can do. I appreciate someone who knows when it is time to let kids struggle a little 34_ that's real life and Mom (or Dad) won't always be there to give help. So, let kids 35_real life and grow up by failing, keeping on trying, never giving up and sometimes 36_learning from making mistakes.37_other words, parents have to be comfortable with the idea of allowing kids to fail as part of the learning goal.What matters in leaning? It isn't about whether or not it is perfect or correct. It matters whether or not kids have chances to go to places, to see things, to play, to inquire and so on. That is what I think teachers should do for kids: give them time to be kids;give them chances to grow up and experience life themselves. 32.A.succeed B. study C.fail D.pray 33.A. happiest B. hardest C.easiest D.luckiest 34.A.because B.but C.so D.and 35.A.know B.learn C.get D. experience 36. A. actually B.simply C.hardly D. gradually 37.A. From B. With C.By D. In C. Fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其通顺。每空格限填一词,首字母已给)(6分) Scientists guess that 80% of a person's weight gain comes from genetics and 20% comes from the person's environment. By 1998,more than 130 genes and gene neighbors were found to have some link to weight gain or weight loss in people. These different genes can e_38_work all together or work in groups. This means that different people may b_39_up or lose weight with difficulty for different reasons. One example of these different kinds of combinations is a family of genes that allows people to change extra fat into heat instead of s_40_the fat in the body. Animals which have this same family of genes do not gain weight easily as other animals. Other genes may affect how quickly the s_41_lets the brain know that it is full. If these genes slow down the passage of this information,people may eat more than they really need. Genes are also thought to be linked with a person's fidgets in a day. Fidgeting is small movements of a person's hands, feet,arms or legs usually when the person is n_42_ or excited. Fidgeting actually uses a lot of energy over a day and his energy usually comes from burning fat. In one experiment about weight gain,researchers wanted to see how much energy different people used when they were resting. People in the experiment were asked to lie on a bed and not move for 40 minutes. Researchers then measured the energy the person used for breathing. They found that different people in the study used very different a_43_of energy for this one job,breathing. Researchers calculated that some people in the study burned 1, 067 calories per day w_44_others burned up to 3, 015 calories. Those people who burn fewer calories doing normal work or exercise have a slow metabolism(新陈代谢). D. Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题)(7分) I was sitting in an introduction to calligraphy workshop when a fellow student asked the teacher, “ What do I need to become a professional calligrapher? ” We were all on the edge of our seats with that one. It was as if we were about to learn the secret ingredient to Grandma’s cookies. The answer, to our surprise, was pen and paper. “The materials are no different than that of a beginner calligrapher, ” the instructor explained. The difference between a beginner and professional calligrapher is not in the tools they use, but rather in the professional’s commitment (奉献) to practice and the time they took to learn and do something. The same goes for any professional at their craft. When we look up to the expert, we think that increasing the quality of materials or having access to nicer resources is what makes them great. This assumption doesn’t take into account the time it would have taken them to learn something new and to achieve their goals. Instead, we want to cut corners, looking for a shortcut. We want to make progress as soon as possible. But it is not a strategy that necessarily benefits us. My current goal is to become an independent filmmaker. What would it take, what would I need to make the best movies? I too, wanted the shortcut. The direct way to achieve my goal. Is there a certain camera I need to have, light kit (工具箱), microphone or skill that would lead me right to success? After watching online videos about film-making, I realized I had all that I needed to achieve my goal. There was no shortcut to film-making. It was just going to take time. It’s easy to get caught in wasting time looking for a solution instead of time. In the end, we lose energy and motivation looking for the right tools or answers. We do things to go fast rather than far. We focus on the end result instead of allowing ourselves to enjoy the journey. Go for. Reach farther. Take the time to become your best self. 45.What does the underlined word “ craft ” mean in English? 46.What is the passage mainly talking about? 47.What is the difference between a beginner and professional calligrapher? 48.According to the passage, what is the author’s goal? 49.Do you think there is a shortcut to success? Why? VII.Writing(作文)(共10分) 50. 假定你是李华,你的外国朋友Chris发来电子邮件询问你参加了学校的哪个俱乐部。请你给他回复一封电子邮件,介绍你参加的俱乐部的情况,内容包括: 1. 俱乐部名称; 2. 参加原因; 3. 你的感悟。 注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右;2. 电子邮件的开头已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Chris, I am glad to hear from you. I’d like to tell you something about the club I am in. _ Yours, Li Hua 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $