Unit 11 Rules Matter! 重点知识清单 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语七年级下册

26春仁爱七下英语U11 Rules Matter!重点知识清单 一、词汇认知 Don't fight with others. 核心词汇 词性 释义 例句 规则与尊重 rule n. 规则;规章;条例 We must follow traffic rules. traffic n. 交通 There is a lot of traffic. respect v./n. 尊敬;尊重 We should respect the old. 动词类 forget v. 忘记 I forgot to bring my book. cross v. 穿越;横过 Cross the road carefully. fight v./n. 打架;努力争取 形容词类 polite adj. 有礼貌的 Always be polite. fair adj. 公正的;公道的 It was a fair game. 名词类 board n. 板;木板 Look at the blackboard. accident n. 事故;意外 There was a traffic accident. warning n. 警告;警示 Pay attention to warnings. 安全相关 hurt v. 使受伤;疼痛 He hurt his leg. alone adv./adj. 独自 Don't walk alone at night. stranger n. 陌生人 Don't open the door to strangers. 其他重要词汇 advantage n. 优点 Rules have many advantages. environment n. 环境 We should protect the environment. law n. 法律;法规 Don't break the law. advice n. 劝告;建议 Listen to my advice. 二、短语积累 Come and have a look! 短语 中文释义 例句 traffic rules 交通规则 We must follow traffic rules. eating rules 饮食规则 There are many eating rules. class rules 课堂规则 Don't break class rules. family rules 家规 My parents made family rules. wait for... 等待 … … Wait for the traffic lights to turn green. turn green 变绿 The light turned green. line up for payment 排队付款 Please line up for payment. keep quiet 保持安静 Keep quiet in the library. on time 按时;准时 Return books on time. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做) I forgot locking the door. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(未做) I forgot to bring my book. have a look 看一看 be polite 有礼貌 Always be polite to others. say sorry to... 向 ……道歉 Say sorry to your teacher. set good examples 树立好榜样 Teachers set good examples for students. make a loud noise 制造很大噪音 Don't make a loud noise. win the fight 赢得这场斗争 We won the fight against pollution. take care of... 照顾好 … … Take care of your children. follow the rules 遵守规则 We must follow the rules. enjoy oneself 玩得开心 Children enjoy themselves. ride one's bicycle 骑自行车 Don't ride your bicycle too fast. a turn to the left 向左的转弯 There is a turn to the left. come out of... 从 …… 出来 A car came out of the turn. run into... 撞到 … … He ran into a wall. hurt one's leg 伤了某人的腿 He hurt his leg. road accident 交通事故 There was a road accident. go home at once 立刻回家 Go home at once after school. do homework on time 按时做作业 Do your homework on time. help with housework 帮忙做家务 Help with housework at home. try one's best 尽最大努力 Try your best to follow rules. knock at the door 敲门 Someone is knocking at the door. look through the peephole 透过窥视孔看 Look through the peephole first. delivery man 送货员 The delivery man is here. cross the road 过马路 Look before you cross the road. crossing guard 交通协管员 Listen to crossing guards. traffic light 交通信号灯 Stop at the red light. keep away from... 远离 … … Keep away from traffic accidents. keep things in order 使事物井然有序 Rules keep things in order. make noise 制造噪音 Don't make noise in class. safety comes first 安全第一 Safety always comes first. keep rules in mind 牢记规则 Keep rules in mind. break traffic rules 违反交通规则 Don't break traffic rules. as students 作为学生 As students, we must study hard. look at both sides 看两边 Look at both sides before crossing. run on the streets 在街上奔跑 Don't run on the streets. drive slowly 慢速驾驶 Drivers should drive slowly. play with fire 玩火 Never play with fire. speak loudly 大声说话 Don't speak loudly in class. break the law 违法 Don't break the law. wait at the red light 红灯前等待 Wait at the red light. play on the road 在路上玩耍 Don't play on the road. listen to advice 听从建议 Listen to your parents' advice. 三、句型归纳 规则与礼貌 句型 用途 例句 Respect the old and care for the young. 尊老爱幼 Respect the old and care for the young. Always be polite. 始终要有礼貌 Always be polite to everyone. Say sorry to... 向 ……道歉 Say sorry to your classmates. Set good examples. 树立好榜样 Teachers set good examples for us. Don't make a loud noise. 不要制造很大噪音 Don't make a loud noise in class. 交通安全 句型 例句 Wait for the traffic lights to turn green. Wait for the traffic lights to turn green. Line up for payment. Line up for payment. What traffic rules should we follow? What traffic rules should we follow? Cross the road carefully. Cross the road carefully. Look at both sides before crossing. Look at both sides before crossing the road. Drive slowly on the streets. Drivers should drive slowly on the streets. 课堂与学习规则 句型 例句 Return books on time. Return books to the library on time. Don't eat or drink in the classroom. Don't eat or drink in the classroom. Listen to the teacher carefully. Listen to the teacher carefully. Keep quiet in the library. Keep quiet in the library. Do homework on time. Do your homework on time. 家庭规则 句型 例句 Get up at 6:30 a.m. and tidy up the bedroom. Get up at 6:30 a.m. and tidy up your bedroom. Go home at once after school. Go home at once after school. Do homework on time and help with housework. Do your homework on time and help with housework. Go to bed at 10:00 p.m. Go to bed at 10:00 p.m. Don't play loud music at home. Don't play loud music at home. 安全与警告 句型 例句 Don't play with fire. Never play with fire. Don't talk to strangers. Don't open the door to strangers. Look through the peephole first. Look through the peephole before opening the door. Don't put your head out of the car window. Don't put your head out of the car window. 四、语法重点 1. 反身代词 (Reflexive Pronouns) 反身代词表示动作的执行者和接受者是同一个人,或者用于强调。 一、反身代词的形式 人称 单数形式 中文 复数形式 中文 第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 himself/herself/itself 他自己/她自己/它自己 themselves 他们自己 二、反身代词的用法 1. 作宾语(主语和宾语是同一个人) • He hurt himself when playing football. (踢足球时他伤了自己。) • She taught herself French. (她自学法语。) 2. 作表语(主语和表语是同一个人) • The boy is himself. (这个男孩就是他自己。) 3. 用于强调(加强语气) • I did it myself. (我亲自做的/我自己做的。) • She can do it herself. (她自己能做。) ( 易错点: He taught himself. (主语和反身代词人称不一致) He taught himself . They enjoyed themselves. (单复数不一致) They enjoyed themselves . ) 2. 情态动词 must/should must 和 should 都是情态动词,用于表达义务、建议或强制,后接动词原形。 一、must 的用法 用法 例句 说明 表示强制性义务 You must stop at the red light. 必须 ,没有选择余地 表示禁止 You mustn't play with fire. 绝对禁止 表示肯定的推测 He must be at home now. 一定在家(推测) 二、should 的用法 用法 例句 说明 表示建议 You should wait for the green light. 应该 ,建议性 表示责任 We should respect the old. 道德责任 表示期望 He should arrive on time. 期待他按时到达 三、must vs should 对比 情态动词 语气强度 例句对比 must 强制性 ,语气强 You must stop. (必须停) should 建议性 ,语气弱 You should stop. (应该停) 易错点: • must/should 后接动词原形,不能加 to ( You must to stop. You must stop. You should to wait. You should wait. ) 3. forget to do / doing 的区别 形式 含义 动作状态 例句 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 动作未发生 I forgot to bring my book.(我忘了带书 ,没带) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 动作已发生 I forgot locking the door.(我忘了锁门 ,其实锁了) ( 记忆口诀: • to do = 没做(忘记去做了) • doing = 已做(忘记做过了) ) 4. 否定祈使句 否定祈使句用于禁止某行为,结构为: Don't + 动词原形 基本结构 结构 例句 Don't + 动词原形 Don't run in the hallway. Don't + 动词原形 + or + 动词原形 Don't eat or drink in the classroom. ( 易错点: • 否定祈使句中,连接并列成分用 or ,不用 and Don't eat and drink. Don't eat or drink. ) 五、语音板块 元音字母组合 字母组合 发音 例词 oa /e / road, coat oi/oy /c / noise, boy oo /u:/ classroom, moon oo / / good, cook ou /a / loud, mouth ou /u:/ group, through ou / / trouble, enough 辅音字母组合 字母组合 发音 例词 x /ks/ excellent, six x /gz/ example, exact 六、真实生活场景对话 场景一:遵守交通规则 Parent: Why are you running in the street? Child: Sorry, Mom. I forgot. Parent: You should follow traffic rules. Never run on the streets. Child: OK, I won't do it again. Parent: Good. Safety always comes first. 场景二:课堂规则 Teacher: Don't eat or drink in the classroom. That's one of our class rules. Student: I'm sorry. I forgot to tell you about that. Teacher: Please listen to me carefully. Student: Yes, I will follow the rules. 场景三:家庭规则 Mother: The house was in a big mess after the party. Father: We played really loud music, and it made our neighbors angry. Mother: I decided to make some new family rules. Father: What are they? Mother: Return books on time, do homework on time, and help with housework. Child: I promise to follow the new rules. 场景四:安全防范 Child: Mom, there is a knock at the door. Mother: Go and look through the peephole. Child: It's a stranger. Mother: Don't open the door. Tell him to come back later. Child: OK. I will keep safety in mind. 七、交通安全教育 目 行人安全规则 • 遵守信号灯:红灯停,绿灯行,黄灯等 • 走人行横道:不要横穿马路 • 左右观察:过马路前看两边 • 不闯红灯:永远不要闯红灯 • 不在路上玩:不要在马路上玩耍 禽 骑车安全规则 • 佩戴头盔:骑自行车要戴头盔 • 不载人: 自行车不载人 • 靠右行驶:遵守交通规则 • 不逆行:不要逆着车流方向骑 • 注意路况:保持警觉,注意观察 禽 乘车安全规则 • 不伸出窗外:不要把头手伸出窗外 • 系安全带:前后排都要系 • 不干扰司机:保持安静,不喧哗 • 排队上下:遵守秩序 • 待车停稳:等车完全停稳再上下 家庭安全规则 • 防火意识:不玩火,不乱用电 • 防盗意识:不给陌生人开门 • 安全意识:记住紧急电话 • 用电安全:不湿手触摸电源 • 物品整理:保持物品有序 八、重点考点解析 考点1: Respect the old and care for the young 典型例题: We should _ the old and _ for the young. A. respect; care B. look at; look after C. respect; care D. see; take 解析: 答案是 C。 respect sb. 意为"尊敬某人",care for sb. 意为"照顾某人"。 • We should respect the old and care for the young. 考点2:wait for / turn green 典型例题: Please _ the bus to stop before getting off. You can cross the road when the light _. 解析: • 第一空填 wait for,意为"等待"。 • 第二空填 turns green,turn 为系动词,后接形容词作表语。 考点3: or 在否定句中的用法 典型例题: Don't run _ shout in the hallway. A. and B. or C. but D. so 解析: 答案是 B。在否定祈使句中,连接并列的否定成分用 or,不能用 and。 Don't eat and drink. Don't eat or drink. 考点4: careful/carefully 的区别 典型例题: Please do your homework _. He is a very _ driver. A. careful; careful B. carefully; careful C. careful; carefully 解析: 答案是 B。 • 第一空用 carefully(副词),修饰动词 do。 • 第二空用 careful(形容词),修饰名词 driver。 考点5: return / on time 典型例题: Please _ the book to the library _. A. return; on time B. give back; in time C. return; in time 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 解析: 答案是 A。 return sth. to 意为"把某物还给某地",on time 意为"按时"。 • on time(按时):强调严格按时完成 • in time(及时):强调刚好赶上 考点6:反身代词的正确使用 典型例题: She taught _ French. They enjoyed _ at the party. 解析: • 第一空填 herself(她自己),主语是 She。 • 第二空填 themselves(他们自己),主语是 They。 考点7: must / should 的选择 典型例题: Drivers _ stop at red lights. You _ wait for the green light. 解析: • 第一空用 must(必须),表示强制性要求。 • 第二空用 should(应该),表示建议性要求。 考点8:forget to do / doing 的区别 典型例题: I forgot _ the door.(门没锁) I forgot _ the door.(门已锁,但忘了) A. to lock B. locking C. locked D. locks解析: • 第一空填 to lock(未做,忘记去锁)。 • 第二空填 locking(已做,忘记锁过了)。 九、易错点总结 1. 反身代词人称错误 He taught himself. (人称不一致) He taught himself. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 2. must/should 后接 to You must to stop. / You should to wait. You must stop. / You should wait. 3. 否定祈使句用 and Don't run and shout. Don't run or shout. 4. careful/carefully 混用 Listen careful. (副词修饰动词) Listen carefully. 5. on time / in time 混淆 Come to school in time. (应为准时) Come to school on time. 十、跨文化交际案例 不同国家的交通规则 CN 中国: • 车辆靠右行驶 • 红灯停,绿灯行 • 行人优先通行 GB 英国: • 车辆靠左行驶 • 环岛(Roundabout)多 • 斑马线(Zebra Crossing) Us 美国: • 车辆靠右行驶 • 停牌(Stop Sign)严格 • 校车(School Bus)优先 JP 日本: • 车辆靠左行驶 • 严格礼让行人 • 交通规则严格 不同文化的餐桌礼仪 中国: • 重要的人坐"最佳位置" • 不把筷子插在米饭里 ( • 不用筷子指人 西方: • 等主人入座再坐 • 餐巾放在膝盖上 • 不大声咀嚼食物 ) 十一、单元重点总结 1. 核心主题 本单元主题是"Rules Matter!"(规则很重要!),围绕各种规则(交通规则、课堂规则、家庭规则、公共场所规则)展开,培养学生的规则意识和安全意识。 2. 重要词汇 ( 规则类: rule, traffic, law, warning 动词类: respect, forget, cross, fight, hurt 形容词类: polite, fair, angr y, loud 安全类: accident, alone, stranger, warning 名词类: board, environment, advice, attention ) 3. 关键语法 • 反身代词的形式和用法(myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves) • 情态动词 must/should 的用法和区别 • forget to do / forget doing 的区别 • 否定祈使句的结构(Don't + 动词原形,否定句中用 or 连接) • on time / in time 的区别 • careful(形容词)/ carefully(副词)的区别 4. 育人价值 通过本单元学习,培养学生: • 培养规则意识和法治观念 • 树立安全第一的理念 • 学会尊重他人和礼貌待人 • 了解不同文化的规则和礼仪• 养成遵守规则的好习惯 十二、实用表达 四 常用规则表达句型 ( 提出规则: We must/should... 禁止行为: Don't + 动词原形 强调规则: Never + 动词原形 提醒规则: Remember to + 动词原形 ) ( 四 礼貌用语 道歉: Say sorry to ... 感谢: Thank you for... 请求: Could/Would you...? 回应: You're welcome. 四 安全用语 警示: Be careful! / Watch out! 建议: You should... 要求: You must... 禁止: Never... ) $