Unit 3 Growing Up Section B 核心知识点精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元全方位精练（新教材人教版）

Unit 3 Growing Up 核心知识点精讲 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. stay positive 保持积极，保持乐观 2. a light / heavy heart 轻松愉悦 / 心情沉重 3. have a long face 愁眉苦脸 4. in low / high spirits 情绪低落/情绪高涨 5. feel blue  感到忧郁 6. on top of the world  欢天喜地 7. all smiles  笑容满面 8. in low spirits  情绪低落；精神不振 9. let down  使失望  10. be hard on  对…苛刻或过分严厉 11. as shocked as 和...一样感到震惊 12. take back 撤回；收回 13. look on the bright side 从好的方面想；抱乐观态度 14. proud of  为…感到骄傲 15. as well  也；又 16. learn from your mistakes 从你的错误中学习 17. a bit  有点儿；稍微  18. pull together 齐心协力；通力合作 19. feel sorry about 对...感到抱歉；为…感到愧疚 20. advise sb. (not) to do 建议某人(不要)做某事 21. even though  即使；虽然 22. apologize for   为…道歉 23. go wrong  出现问题；发生故障；搞错 24. even if 虽然，即使 25. try one’s best 尽全力 26. a sense of belonging  归属感 27. shout at  冲…喊叫 28. wake up 醒来  29. get mad at sb   对某人发脾气 30. from time to time  不时；偶尔 31. instead of 代替，而不是 32. after all 毕竟 33. stay calm 保持冷静 34. take a deep breath  深呼吸 35. an opportunity to do... 做某事的一个机会 36. calm down 冷静下来 37. up to 由...决定 38. take the time to do... 花时间做某事 39. pass away  去世（委婉说法） 40. not only ... but also ... 不但…而且… 2、 重点词汇解析 1. ring /rɪŋ/v. 响起铃声；给…打电话；n. 戒指，环 [词汇拓展] <过去式>rang /ræŋ/；<过去分词>rung /rʌŋ/ [词汇搭配] ring up 打电话；ring true给人以真实的印象 [词汇例句] You can ring us up anytime.你随时都可以给我们打电话。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The children rushed out to play as soon as the bell ________. A．rings B．rang C．will ring D．would ring 2. enter /ˈentə(r)/v. 进入；加入，成为...的一员；参加(比赛或考试) [词汇拓展] entrance (n.) 入口；进入 [词汇搭配] enter the classroom进入教室；enter a university考入大学 [词汇例句] 1 000 children entered the competition.1 000名孩子报名参加了比赛。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Soon Alice was ________ to go through the door, so she decided to ________ the garden. A．small enough; enter into B．small enough; enter C．enough small; enter into D．enough small; enter 3. everybody /ˈevribɒdi/pron. 每人；所有人 anybody /ˈenibɒdi/pron. 任何人 [词汇拓展] everyone (pron.) 每人；人人；anyone (pron.) 任何人 someone/somebody 某人；no one / nobody没有人 [词汇用法] · 表示“所有人”，一般用everyone或everybody，不用all people。 Everyone wants to know the truth. 人人都想知道实情。 · someone/somebody用于肯定句，表示“某人”。 Somebody should have told me. 应该有人告诉我才是。 · anyone/anybody用于否定句或疑问句，表示“某个人”；用于肯定句，表示“任何人”。 There isn't anybody here . 这里没有人。 Anybody can see that it's wrong. 随便哪个人都可以看出这是错的。 · everyone/everybody; someone/somebody;anyone/anybody等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；当用形容词修饰时，形容词要放在它后面。 Did you meet anyone interesting ? 你遇到了有趣的人吗？ Everybody here likes him. 这里的每个人都喜欢他。 [随学随练] 选词填空：everybody / somebody / anybody / nobody (1) —Is there in the classroom? —No. It is empty.  is listening to a speech in the school hall. (2) —I saw your grandma using a short-video app on the phone. Who taught her? — . She taught herself. (3) —Listen! There’s singing in the room. —Yes. How beautiful the voice is! Let’s go and see who it is. (4) —I called you at 7:00 last night, but answered. —Oh, I was taking a shower then. 4. player /ˈpleɪə(r)/n. 运动员；选手 [词汇拓展] play (v.) 玩；打(球)；弹奏(乐器)；playful(adj.)爱嬉戏的，爱玩的 [词汇搭配] a basketball player 篮球运动员；push another player推另一名运动员 [词汇例句] He is a very good football player. 他是一名很棒的足球运动员。 5. decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/n. 决定 [词汇拓展] decide (v.) 决定；decisive(adj.)决定性的，关键的 [词汇搭配] make a decision(to do...)决定(做某事)；respect his decision尊重他的决定 a decision on /about ...关于...的决定 [词汇例句] It’s not easy to make a good decision. 做一个好决定并不容易。 [随学随练] 用所给词的适当形式填空或用适当的词填空。 (1) She has played a (decide) role in the competition. (2) We need a decision this by next week. (3) Who took the decision (go) ahead with the project? (4) It's a difficult (decide) for any doctor. (5) I can't (decide) what to wear. (6) They decided (not go) on a picnic. 6. proud /praʊd/adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 [词汇拓展] pride (n.) 骄傲；自豪；proudly(adv.)自豪地，骄傲地 [词汇搭配] be proud of 为…感到骄傲；be proud to do...自豪做某事 [词汇例句] Children feel proud when they help an animal find a new home. 孩子们感到很自豪当他们帮动物 找到一个新家时。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) He is proud ______ his hometown’s development. A．in B．on C．of D．at (2) I’m ________ of my father and he is ________ of me. A．the pride; proud B．the proud; the pride C．the proud; pride D．pride; the proud 7. coach /kəʊtʃ/n. 教练；长途汽车 v.训练；指导 [词汇拓展] instructor(n.)导师，指导者，教练；train(v.)训练，培训；trainer(n.)教练，教员 [词汇搭配] a football coach 足球教练；by coach坐长途汽车 [词汇例句]She has coached hundreds of young singers. 她培养了许许多多的青年歌手。。 [随学随练] 单项填空 We took ________ tour by ________ coach to the Summer Palace. A．the; the B．the; / C．a; the D．a; / 8. bit /bɪt/n. 有点儿；稍微 [词汇搭配] a bit 有点儿，稍微；a bit of 小量，少许；quite a bit相当多，很多；not a bit一点也不 bit by bit一点一点地；逐渐地；do your bit干分内的事 [词汇辨析] a bit / a bit of / a little · a bit用作状语，修饰形容词，副词，动词等，相当于a little，或a little bit。 It’s a bit/ a little cold today.今天有点儿冷。 Could you turn up the volume a bit? 你能把音量开大一点吗？ · a little可以作定语，后只能接不可数名词。 a bit不能作定语，a bit of用作定语，后主要接不可数名词。也可以接可数名词单数(不能接复数名词)， 且名词前要加不定冠词，常有轻微调侃之意。 There is a little milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。 With a bit of luck , we'll be there by 12.如果顺利点，我们将于12点钟赶到那里。 It's all a bit of a mess. 有点儿乱七八糟。 · 它们的否定形式意义有差别：not a little表示“非常，相当”；not a bit表示“一点也不”。 I don’t like the sweater a bit.我一点也不喜欢这件毛衣。 I was not a little surprised. 我非常得惊讶。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) My father had only ________ sleep last night, so he felt ________ sleepy today. A．a bit; a little B．a little; a little bit C．a bit; little D．a little; a bit little (2) —Are you getting bored with reading for a whole day? —_________. Reading novels is my favourite. A．Not a little B．Not a bit C．I couldn’t agree more D．That’s all right 9. repeat /rɪˈpiːt/v. 重复 [词汇拓展] repetition (n.) 重复；repeated(adj.)重复的，重复发生的；repetitive(adj.)重复乏味的 [词汇搭配] repeat after me 跟我读；repeat a mistake重复一个错误 [词汇例句] They are hoping to repeat last year's victory.他们希望重复去年的胜利。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Sorry, I didn’t quite catch what you said. Would you please ________ your email address? —OK. It’s mygz@gfimail.com. A．repeat B．return C．refuse D．review 10. solution /səˈluːʃn/n. 解决办法；解决 [词汇拓展] solve (v.) 解决 [词汇搭配] the solution to (doing) sth. (做)某事的解决办法；find a solution找到解决办法 [词汇例句] We are looking for a good solution. 我们正在寻找一个好办法。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The teacher helped us come up with a solution ________ the problem by suggesting we work together as a team to find the answer. A．in B．on C．to D．of 11. though /ðəʊ/conj. 虽然；尽管 [词汇拓展] although (conj.) 虽然；<形近词>through(prep.)通过；凭借，以 [词汇搭配] even though 即使；虽然 [词汇用法] · though引导让步状语从句。 Though he is young, he can lift the box. 虽然他很小，但他能拿起这个盒子。 · 连接两个分句时，用了though/although，则不再使用but。 Though he is young, but he can lift the box. （此句中but多余，应去掉） [随学随练] 单项填空 ________ he tried his best, ________ he didn’t win the competition. A．Though; / B．Though; but C．But; / D．But; though 12. apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ (= apologise) v. 道歉 [词汇拓展] apology (n.) 道歉 [词汇搭配] apologize to sb.(for sth.) (因某事)向某人道歉 [词汇例句] You should apologize to her. 你应该向她道歉。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) How could you say that to your parents? You’d better ________ them at once. A．not apologize to B．to apologize for C．apologize to D．to apologize to (2) The restaurant manager apologized ________ the poor service and offered us free desserts. A．to B．as C．at D．for 13. joyful /ˈdʒɔɪfl/adj. 高兴的；令人愉快的 [词汇拓展] joy (n.) 高兴；喜悦；<同义词>joyous(adj.)高兴的；快乐的；joyfully(adv.)高兴地 [词汇搭配] a joyful day 愉快的一天 [词汇例句] Their encouragement can make your success more meaningful and joyful.他们的鼓励能让你的成 功更有意义，更令人愉悦。 [随学随练] 用joy适当形式填空 (1) On the way, we sang of the sea and talked about the fun things we planned to do at the beach. (2) The book encourages children to see everyday routines in a creative and way. (3) All of them have different hobbies, but they all find and meaning in what they do. 14. thankful /ˈθæŋkfl/adj. 感谢的；感激的 [词汇拓展] thank (v./n.) 感谢；thankfully(adv.)感激地 [词汇搭配] be thankful to sb.对某人很感激；be thankful for sth.对某事感到庆幸；感激 be thankful to do感到庆幸做某事，很感谢做某事 [词汇例句] I am thankful for your help. 我很感激你的帮助。 [随学随用] 用所给词的适当形式填空或用适当的词填空。 (1) I was thankful (see) they'd all arrived safely. (2) It’s (thank) that he wasn't badly hurt. (3) Words cannot express my (thank) to my dear teachers. (4) I’d like (thank) you for helping me solve the problem. (5) Looking back to the past three years, I’m thankful everyone that I met at school. 15. negative /ˈnegətɪv/adj. 否定的；消极的 [词汇拓展] positive (adj.) 积极的；negatively(adv.)消极地；否定地；negate(v.)使无效；否定 [词汇搭配] negative ideas 消极的想法；have a negative influence on...对...有消极影响 [词汇例句] They received a negative reply. 他们得到一个否定的答复。 16. bully /ˈbʊli/v. 霸凌；恐吓 n. 恶霸 [词汇拓展] bullying (n.) 霸凌行为 [词汇搭配] say no to bullying对霸凌说不；the school bully学校里的恶霸学生 [词汇例句] We should not bully others at school. 我们不应该在学校欺负别人。 [随学随练] 单项填空 It is wrong to ________ those who are weaker than you. You should always be kind to others. A．help B．bully C．teach D．encourage 17. behave /biˈheɪv/v. 表现；举止得体 [词汇拓展] behaviour (n.) 行为；举止 [词汇搭配] behave differently表现不同；behave yourself表现得体，有礼貌 [词汇例句] Please behave yourselves in class. 请在课堂上表现好。 [随学随练] 单项填空 From the sign, we can know ________. ★Wear the Uniform ★Listen and Learn ★Follow Classroom Rules ★No Mobile Phones During Lessons A．how we should behave in the school B．what we should do in the cinema C．where we should have lessons 18. differently /ˈdɪfrərntli/adv. 不同地 [词汇拓展] different (adj.) 不同的；difference (n.) 不同 [词汇例句] People may think differently about the same thing. 人们对同一件事可能想法不同。 [随学随用] 用所给词的适当形式填空或用适当的词填空。 (1) He was studying the complex similarities and (different) between humans and animals. (2) Boys and girls may behave (different) . (3) This recipe is certainly interesting and (different) . (4) My history teacher always listens to our ideas, even when they’re different hers. (5) I think everyone can do something to make a difference the Earth. 19. lie /laɪ/v. 平躺；平放；位于；存在 n.谎言 [词汇拓展] <过去式>lied ; lay ; <过去分词>lied ; lain ; <动词-ing形式>lying [词汇搭配] lie awake躺着睡不着；lie down躺下；lie in睡懒觉；在于 live a lie过两面人的生活；过骗人的生活；为人虚伪 [词汇用法] · lie可用作名词，意为“谎言”，常见搭配有：tell a lie / tell lies 撒谎；white lie善意的谎言。 The whole story is nothing but a pack of lies .整个叙述只不过是一派谎言。 · lie用作动词，表示“撒谎”时，其过去式和过去分词是规则变化，分别为lied；lied。 The boy lied to us just now. 这个男孩子刚对我们撒谎了。 · lie用作动词，表示“平躺；平放；位于；存在”时，其过去式和过去分词是不规则变化，分别为lay；lain。 He lay on the sofa and relaxed. 他躺在沙发上放松。 · lay也可用作动词原形，表示“摆放；产卵，下蛋”，其过去式和过去分词分别为laid；laid。 He laid the book on the desk. 他把书放在了书桌上。 [随学随练] 用lie相关表达补全句子 (1) 我看见一位老人正躺在地上。 I saw an old man . (2) 问题在于我们怎么给手机充电。 The problem   how we charge our phones.  (3) 昨天他彻夜不眠，想着他的新工作。 Yesterday, he all night, thinking about his new job. (4) 我背疼，需要躺下来休息一下。 I have a backache and I need to   and rest. 单项填空 There is a new pair of shoes of yours ________ at the bottom of the wardrobe. Go and ________ them here on the shelf. A．lying, lay B．laying, lie C．lies, laid D．lying, lie 20. awake /əˈweɪk/adj. 醒着的 [词汇拓展] wake (v.) 醒来；叫醒 [词汇搭配] stay awake 保持清醒；be half awake半睡半醒；be fully awake睡意全无 [词汇例句] I was still awake when he came to bed. 他就寝时我还没有入睡。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Though he is lying on bed with his eyes closed, he is ______. A．sleepy B．angry C．quiet D．awake 21. relaxed /rɪˈlækst/adj. 放松的；镇定的 [词汇拓展] relax (v.) 放松；relaxing (adj.) 令人放松的；relaxation(n.)放松 [词汇搭配] feel relaxed 感到放松 [词汇例句] I feel relaxed after a walk. 散步后我感到很放松。 [随学随练] 用relax的适当形式填空 (1) We should use the Internet to help our study and , but we shouldn’t spend too much time on it. (2) Physical  includes doing sports, taking a walk in the park and getting a massage.  (3) Besides, communicating with family and friends is also a great way.  (4) I like doing this. This makes me happy and . 22. normal /ˈnɔːml/adj. 正常的；普通的 [词汇拓展] normally (adv.) 正常地；abnormal(adj.)不正常的 [词汇搭配] normal life正常生活 [词汇例句] It’s normal to feel nervous before exams. 考试前感到紧张是正常的。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Is the child better today? —Yes. His temperature seems now. A．high B．normal C．low D．special 23. mad /mæd/adj. 很生气；疯狂的 [词汇拓展] madly (adv.) 疯狂地 [词汇搭配] be mad at sb. 生某人的气；get mad生气，发怒；drive sb. mad使某人发疯 [词汇例句] My mother was mad at me for being late. 我妈妈因为我迟到而生我的气。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —How do you feel about people who keep you ____? —They drive me ____. A．wait; excited B．to wait; fun C．waiting; mad D．waiting; happy (2) Simon’s head teacher was ______ him because he was late again. A．surprised at B．mad at C．excited about D．friendly to 24. deep /diːp/adj. 深的；有…… 深的 [词汇拓展] deeply (adv.) 深深地；depth(n.)深度 [词汇搭配] take a deep breath 深呼吸；deep water 深水；deep down在内心深处，在心底；本质上 [词汇辨析] deep / deeply · deep既用作形容词，也用作副词。用作副词时，表示“深深地；在深处；至深处”。 They sat and talked deep into the night. 他们坐着谈话，一直谈到深夜。 · deeply用作副词，表示“深深地”，但较deep用得少。deeply更多用于表示包含“非常”之意。 He loved his daughter deeply. 他深深地爱着他的女儿。 [词汇例句] There is a deep river near our village. 我们村附近有一条很深的河。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —________ is the Dead Sea? —It’s about 430 meters below sea level. A．How deep B．How wide C．How long D．How high 25. remain /rɪˈmeɪn/v. 继续存在；保持不变；逗留，不离去 [词汇拓展] remaining (adj.) 剩下的；remains(n.)遗骸，残骸；遗迹 [词汇用法] · remain可以用作系动词，表示“保持不变”。 The three men remained silent. 这3个人保持着沉默。 · remain也可用作不及物动词，表示“继续存在；逗留”等意。 They remained in the town. 它们仍在在镇子上。 [词汇例句] Many of the differences in everyday life remain. 日常生活中的许多差异仍然存在。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Long time no see. Your garden remains ________. —Thank you. I never give up ________. A．beautiful, work B．beautifully, working C．beautiful, working D．beautifully, to work 3、 重难句型解析 1. 时间状语从句 (教材原句)When the bell rang, Matt entered the classroom with a heavy heart.铃声响起时，马特怀着沉重的心情走进了教室。 (教材原句)He didn’t dare to look at Tom as he spoke. 说话时他不敢直视汤姆 (教材原句)But we had a good chance to win until I made that mistake.不过，在我犯下那个错误之前，我们本来是有很大机会获胜的。 (教材原句)You helped me a lot, especially after my grandmother passed away.你给了我很多帮助，尤其是在我祖母去世之后。 when, as, until, after等常用于引导时间状语从句。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 康康告诉他要反复听课文直到背下来（learn by heart）。 (2) 直到故事的最后你才会发现它很精彩。 (3) 我们应该随着成长变得更加独立(independent)。 2. 让步状语从句 (教材原句)Although you pushed their player, it was just an accident. 尽管你冲撞了对方的球员，但那纯属意外。 (教材原句)Why did Tom feel proud of their team even though they lost? 尽管他们输了，汤姆为什么还为他们的团队感到骄傲？ (教材原句)Even if you try your best, you can’t always succeed or win. 即使你尽了最大努力，也并非总能成功或获胜。 although, even though, even if等均意为“虽然，即使”，用于引导让步状语从句。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 尽管你们吵过架，但你们仍然是非常亲密的朋友。 (2) 即使我的钱不多，我仍然会尽力每周存一点。(even if) 3. 结果状语从句 (教材原句)It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. 更重要的是要从自己的错误中汲取教训，这样你便不会在将来重蹈覆辙。 so that表示“以便”，用于引导结果状语从句。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 当我第一次参加戏剧社活动时，我紧张得甚至不敢大声读台词。 (2) 那位画家如此专注，以至于废寝忘食。(so...that...) 4. 条件状语从句 (教材原句)If we pull together, we should win next time如果我们齐心协力，下次就一定能获胜。 if, unless, as long as等常用于引导条件状语从句。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 如果我们所有人都伸出援手，就能拯救那些处于危险中的动物。 (2) 只要你努力并坚持你的梦想，没有什么是不可能的。 5. 主语从句 (教材原句)Getting angry is normal, but what you choose to do with your anger is up to you!生气是正常的，但如何处理自己的愤怒则取决于你自己！ 这是一个并列句，由but 连接两个分句。第一个分句中getting angry是非谓语动词作主语。第二个分句中，what you choose to do with your anger是what引导的一个主语从句，在分句中作主语成分。what引导主语从句、宾语从句等在句子中要作主语、宾语等主干成分，此句中what作do后的宾语。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Many young people are encouraged by the stories of role models of the times. —Yes, and ________ we can learn from these role models can shape our future. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 4、 其他知识解析 1. 不定式常见用法 (1) 不定式作宾语补足语 (教材原句)When the referee saw Matt push another player, he gave the other team two free throws. 当裁判员看到马特推搡另一名球员时，他判给了对方队两次罚球机会。 (教材原句)Tom advised Matt not to be too hard on himself. 汤姆建议马特对自己不要太苛刻。 see,advise,wish,encourage,allow等词后常跟不定式作宾语补足语。感官动词see,watch,notice和使役动词make,let等后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。 (2) 不定式作定语 (教材原句)But we had a good chance to win until I made that mistake.不过，在我犯下那个错误之前，我们本来是有很大机会获胜的。 chance,opportunity,way,ability,choice,place等名词后常跟不定式作定语。 (3) 不定式作主语 (教材原句)It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. 更重要的是要从自己的错误中汲取教训，这样你便不会在将来重蹈覆辙。 (4) 不定式作状语 (教材原句)He was lucky to have a friend like Tom!他很幸运能有像汤姆这样的朋友在身边！ (5) 不定式作宾语 (教材原句)I know you didn’t mean to do that. 我知道你不是故意那样做的。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我和老人们一起锻炼，帮助他们保持活力。 (2) 我很高兴和大家分享我的学习经历，尤其是如何提高英语听力的方法。 (3) 第一次考试后，李老师建议我好好规划我的学习时间。 (4) 爸爸鼓励我参加演讲比赛，我决定试一试。 2. as...as用法 (教材原句)Matt was as shocked as anyone else when the accident happened, but it was too late.事故发生后，马特和其他人一样感到震惊，但为时已晚。 as...as...中间用形容词或副词的原级，表示“和...一样...样的/地”。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我惊奇地发现许多青少年跟我一样地热衷于DIY。 (2) 艾玛总是比我起得早，但我学习/工作和她一样努力! 3. used to用法 (教材原句)I used to think that science was boring and difficult, and I did badly in class. use to后接动词原形表示“过去常常做，曾经做”，表示过去常发生的动作，现在已经不做了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 She ________ get up late on weekends, but now she gets up early to exercise. A．uses to B．used to C．is used to D．was used to 4. not only...but also...用法 (教材原句)Thank you for so much for being not only my teacher but also my friend.非常感谢您，您不仅是我的老师，更是我的朋友。 not only...but also...意为“不但...而且...”，可用于连接相同的两个成分，本句中连接my teacher和my friend两个表语。 not only...but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词与后一个主语保持主谓一致。 如：Not only my parents  but also my brother is coming to the party.不仅我的父母，我的兄弟也来参加聚会。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 在我们的生活中，狗不仅是我们的朋友，而且能帮助我们工作。(not only...but also...) (2) 对中国人而言，茶不仅是饮料，还是一门艺术和一门文化。(not only…but also…) 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) Our football team ________ (得分) two minutes ago. (2) It’s not kind to be _______ (刻薄的)‌ to others just because they’re different. (3) The older boy tried to ________ (霸凌) the new student, but he stood up for himself. (4) You can ask ______ (任何人) for help if you have problems. (5) I was about to leave my house when the phone __________ (响起铃声) last night. (6) If you do something wrong, you should ________ (道歉) to the person you hurt. (7) We should keep a positive attitude instead of a ________ (消极的) one. (8) The swimming c________ (教练) is very patient with the children. (9) Can you mix the powder with water to create a ‌_______ (解决办法)‌ for cleaning the windows? (10) The children were expected to ‌_______ (表现)‌ properly (适当地) during the school trip. (11) It’s ________ (正常的) to be a few minutes late in some cultures. (12) If you don’t understand, please ‌_______ (重复)‌ the question slowly. (13) We study light, heat, sound, and electricity in ________ (物理学). (14) We should ________ (继续存在，保持不变) silent on this question. (15) 虽然奶奶住在老家，但她偶尔会给我寄来亲手做的糕点。 Although Grandma lives in my hometown, she sends me homemade pastries ________ ________ ________ ________. (16) She was so angry that she ‌‌_______ ‌_______ (冲……喊叫)‌ her brother for breaking her favorite cup. (17) 因为考试失利，她最近一直情绪低落。 She has been ________ ________ ________ recently because she failed the exam. (18) 所有人都笑容满面，为团队的努力感到骄傲。 People ________ ________ ________ and ________ ________ the team’s effort. (19) He trained hard for the match, so he was really ‌_______ ‌_______ (使失望)‌ when he didn’t make the team. (20) I said something hurtful, and I really wish I could ‌_______ ‌_______ (撤回)‌ my words. 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) The alarm _________ (ring) loudly and woke me up this morning. (2) Jackson doesn’t dare ________ (speak) in front of the whole class. (3) He is one of the best _________ (play) in the team. (4) It’s important for us to make a ________ (decide) about our future health habits. (5) The doctors are proud ________ (help) people see again and improve their lives. (6) Let’s try our best to find a ________ (solve) to the problem. (7) I owe (欠) you an ________ (apologise). I’m really sorry. (8) It is really ________ (joy) for all the students to have such a meaningful experience. (9) We are very ________ (thank) for your help during our trip. (10) She has good ________ (behave) in public and everyone likes her. (11) American English spells some words ________ (different) from British English. (12) He took off his shirt and ________ (lie) down to have a rest. (13) Danny is much too tired, but he tries his best to remain ________ (wake). (14) Listen to the soft music and it can make you ________ (relax). (15) Don’t be mad ________ him—he didn’t do it on purpose. (16) Mental health is as ________ (importance) as physical health. (17) I hope I can have an opportunity _________ (travel) around the world. (18) I saw her ________ (enter) the office just now. (19) After the talk, the two friends cleared the air and their ________ (lonely) went away. (20) When you feel ________ (stress), it helps to listen to soft music or take a walk. 3. 单项填空 (1) I had a special ________ feeling after ________ the weekend party. A．happy; joining B．warm; entering C．relaxed; attending D．relaxed; attend (2) —Hi, Ann! I won the first prize in the English Speech Contest. —Congratulations! And I guess your parents must ________ you. A．be proud of B．be mad at C．be angry with D．be impolite to (3) I feel ________ hungry now, but there is ________ bread in the fridge. A．a little; a bit B．a bit; a little of C．a little; a bit of D．a bit; little (4) —What do you think of the plan to cancel the sports meeting? —I’m afraid my opinion is ________. I really wanted to participate. A．positive B．negative C．helpful D．powerful (5) —Why are you so angry, Mrs. Wilson? —Because my son ________ to me. He promised me that he would do his homework this morning, but in fact he ________ in bed all the morning and did nothing. A．lied; lay B．lay; lay C．lied; lied D．lay; lied (6) Listening to gentle music always helps me ________ after a long day. A．stay awake B．get excited C．become tired D．feel relaxed (7) —__________ feels sad sometimes. —Yes, it’s normal to feel sad when something bad happens to us. A．Everyone B．Nobody C．None D．All students (8) The pond is about ________. Be careful when you play around it. A．two metre deep B．two metres deep C．two-metre deep D．two-metres-deep (9) Cathy _________ very well at the party. All the guests liked her. A．remained B．tried C．grew D．behaved (10) This trip to Yunnan is really a ________ experience for me and it made me feel ________ all the time. A．relaxed; relaxed B．relaxing; relaxed C．relaxed; relaxing D．relaxing; relaxing 4. 选词填空 A 根据句意从方框中选出正确的单词填空。(有两个多余选项) joyful / bullying / mean / behave / awake / deep / physics / anybody / relaxed 1．Schools must take action to stop school . No student should feel unsafe. 2．This is a top secret. You must not tell else about it. 3．The bad news kept him all night; he couldn’t fall asleep at all. 4．Chinese poets often use the moon to express their feelings of missing home. 5．After listening to the soft music, she felt much more than before. 6．When you visit a foreign country, you should well and follow local customs. 7．Don’t take his words seriously. He didn’t to hurt you; he was just joking. B pass away  take a deep breath  shout at  from time to time  feel blue  all smiles 1．She was when she asked me to help her with homework. 2． and see how long you can stay underwater. 3．—Excuse me. When did Miss Flower ? —Last night. 4．I since my pet dog was lost. 5．The teacher the two boys for talking in class. 6．She visits her grandparents . 5. 翻译句子 (1) 我们应该齐心协力来赢得这场足球比赛。 (2) 那位向导教了我们如何制作机器人模型，但是他有点严肃。 (3) 他觉得如果我在它电脑上玩游戏，就会出故障。 (4) 虽然你吃得健康，但是你还应该多运动。 (5) 我们需要制定一个预算，以便我们能存更多的钱。 (6) 直到你和他谈一谈，你才会知道他的感受。 (7) 读书不但让我感到快乐，还能使我提高成绩。 (8) 深呼吸能帮助你在生气时冷静下来。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Growing Up 核心知识点精讲 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. stay positive 保持积极，保持乐观 2. a light / heavy heart 轻松愉悦 / 心情沉重 3. have a long face 愁眉苦脸 4. in low / high spirits 情绪低落/情绪高涨 5. feel blue  感到忧郁 6. on top of the world  欢天喜地 7. all smiles  笑容满面 8. in low spirits  情绪低落；精神不振 9. let down  使失望  10. be hard on  对…苛刻或过分严厉 11. as shocked as 和...一样感到震惊 12. take back 撤回；收回 13. look on the bright side 从好的方面想；抱乐观态度 14. proud of  为…感到骄傲 15. as well  也；又 16. learn from your mistakes 从你的错误中学习 17. a bit  有点儿；稍微  18. pull together 齐心协力；通力合作 19. feel sorry about 对...感到抱歉；为…感到愧疚 20. advise sb. (not) to do 建议某人(不要)做某事 21. even though  即使；虽然 22. apologize for   为…道歉 23. go wrong  出现问题；发生故障；搞错 24. even if 虽然，即使 25. try one’s best 尽全力 26. a sense of belonging  归属感 27. shout at  冲…喊叫 28. wake up 醒来  29. get mad at sb   对某人发脾气 30. from time to time  不时；偶尔 31. instead of 代替，而不是 32. after all 毕竟 33. stay calm 保持冷静 34. take a deep breath  深呼吸 35. an opportunity to do... 做某事的一个机会 36. calm down 冷静下来 37. up to 由...决定 38. take the time to do... 花时间做某事 39. pass away  去世（委婉说法） 40. not only ... but also ... 不但…而且… 2、 重点词汇解析 1. ring /rɪŋ/v. 响起铃声；给…打电话；n. 戒指，环 [词汇拓展] <过去式>rang /ræŋ/；<过去分词>rung /rʌŋ/ [词汇搭配] ring up 打电话；ring true给人以真实的印象 [词汇例句] You can ring us up anytime.你随时都可以给我们打电话。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The children rushed out to play as soon as the bell ________. A．rings B．rang C．will ring D．would ring 【答案】B 【详解】句意：铃声一响，孩子们就冲出去玩耍了。 考查动词时态。as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，若主句为一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时（主过从过），ring的过去式是rang。故选B。 2. enter /ˈentə(r)/v. 进入；加入，成为...的一员；参加(比赛或考试) [词汇拓展] entrance (n.) 入口；进入 [词汇搭配] enter the classroom进入教室；enter a university考入大学 [词汇例句] 1 000 children entered the competition.1 000名孩子报名参加了比赛。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Soon Alice was ________ to go through the door, so she decided to ________ the garden. A．small enough; enter into B．small enough; enter C．enough small; enter into D．enough small; enter 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不久，爱丽丝就小到可以穿过那扇门了，于是她决定进入花园。 考查enough后置和词汇辨析。enough“足够”，修饰形容词时要后置，排除CD选项；enter into“参与，加入”；enter“进入（某个地方）”。根据“the garden”可知，第二空指进入花园，应用enter。故选B。 3. everybody /ˈevribɒdi/pron. 每人；所有人 anybody /ˈenibɒdi/pron. 任何人 [词汇拓展] everyone (pron.) 每人；人人；anyone (pron.) 任何人 someone/somebody 某人；no one / nobody没有人 [词汇用法] · 表示“所有人”，一般用everyone或everybody，不用all people。 Everyone wants to know the truth. 人人都想知道实情。 · someone/somebody用于肯定句，表示“某人”。 Somebody should have told me. 应该有人告诉我才是。 · anyone/anybody用于否定句或疑问句，表示“某个人”；用于肯定句，表示“任何人”。 There isn't anybody here . 这里没有人。 Anybody can see that it's wrong. 随便哪个人都可以看出这是错的。 · everyone/everybody; someone/somebody;anyone/anybody等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；当用形容词修饰时，形容词要放在它后面。 Did you meet anyone interesting ? 你遇到了有趣的人吗？ Everybody here likes him. 这里的每个人都喜欢他。 [随学随练] 选词填空：everybody / somebody / anybody / nobody (1) —Is there anybody in the classroom? —No. It is empty. Everybody is listening to a speech in the school hall. (2) —I saw your grandma using a short-video app on the phone. Who taught her? —Nobody. She taught herself. (3) —Listen! There’s somebody singing in the room. —Yes. How beautiful the voice is! Let’s go and see who it is. (4) —I called you at 7:00 last night, but nobody answered. —Oh, I was taking a shower then. 4. player /ˈpleɪə(r)/n. 运动员；选手 [词汇拓展] play (v.) 玩；打(球)；弹奏(乐器)；playful(adj.)爱嬉戏的，爱玩的 [词汇搭配] a basketball player 篮球运动员；push another player推另一名运动员 [词汇例句] He is a very good football player. 他是一名很棒的足球运动员。 5. decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/n. 决定 [词汇拓展] decide (v.) 决定；decisive(adj.)决定性的，关键的 [词汇搭配] make a decision(to do...)决定(做某事)；respect his decision尊重他的决定 a decision on /about ...关于...的决定 [词汇例句] It’s not easy to make a good decision. 做一个好决定并不容易。 [随学随练] 用所给词的适当形式填空或用适当的词填空。 (1) She has played a decisive(decide) role in the competition. (2) We need a decision on/about this by next week. (3) Who took the decision to go(go) ahead with the project? (4) It's a difficult decision(decide) for any doctor. (5) I can't decide(decide) what to wear. (6) They decided not to go(not go) on a picnic. 6. proud /praʊd/adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 [词汇拓展] pride (n.) 骄傲；自豪；proudly(adv.)自豪地，骄傲地 [词汇搭配] be proud of 为…感到骄傲；be proud to do...自豪做某事 [词汇例句] Children feel proud when they help an animal find a new home. 孩子们感到很自豪当他们帮动物 找到一个新家时。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) He is proud ______ his hometown’s development. A．in B．on C．of D．at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他为家乡的发展感到自豪。 考查介词辨析。in在……里；on在……上；of……的；at在。be proud of是固定短语，意为“为……感到自豪”，符合句意。故选C。 (2) I’m ________ of my father and he is ________ of me. A．the pride; proud B．the proud; the pride C．the proud; pride D．pride; the proud 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我是我父亲的骄傲，他也为我感到骄傲。 考查形容词短语和名词短语。the pride of…名词短语，……的骄傲；be proud of…形容词短语，为……感到骄傲。sb. be the pride of sb.=sb. be proud of sb.，所以第一空使用名词pride，be the pride of my father是我父亲的骄傲；第二空使用形容词，be proud of me为我感到骄傲。故选A。 7. coach /kəʊtʃ/n. 教练；长途汽车 v.训练；指导 [词汇拓展] instructor(n.)导师，指导者，教练；train(v.)训练，培训；trainer(n.)教练，教员 [词汇搭配] a football coach 足球教练；by coach坐长途汽车 [词汇例句]She has coached hundreds of young singers. 她培养了许许多多的青年歌手。。 [随学随练] 单项填空 We took ________ tour by ________ coach to the Summer Palace. A．the; the B．the; / C．a; the D．a; / 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们乘长途汽车去颐和园旅游。 考查冠词。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据句意可知，第一个空表泛指，且空后的“tour”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以此处应用不定冠词a；by coach“乘长途汽车”，固定词组。故选D。 8. bit /bɪt/n. 有点儿；稍微 [词汇搭配] a bit 有点儿，稍微；a bit of 小量，少许；quite a bit相当多，很多；not a bit一点也不 bit by bit一点一点地；逐渐地；do your bit干分内的事 [词汇辨析] a bit / a bit of / a little · a bit用作状语，修饰形容词，副词，动词等，相当于a little，或a little bit。 It’s a bit/ a little cold today.今天有点儿冷。 Could you turn up the volume a bit? 你能把音量开大一点吗？ · a little可以作定语，后只能接不可数名词。 a bit不能作定语，a bit of用作定语，后主要接不可数名词。也可以接可数名词单数(不能接复数名词)， 且名词前要加不定冠词，常有轻微调侃之意。 There is a little milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。 With a bit of luck , we'll be there by 12.如果顺利点，我们将于12点钟赶到那里。 It's all a bit of a mess. 有点儿乱七八糟。 · 它们的否定形式意义有差别：not a little表示“非常，相当”；not a bit表示“一点也不”。 I don’t like the sweater a bit.我一点也不喜欢这件毛衣。 I was not a little surprised. 我非常得惊讶。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) My father had only ________ sleep last night, so he felt ________ sleepy today. A．a bit; a little B．a little; a little bit C．a bit; little D．a little; a bit little 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我爸爸昨晚只睡了一点点，所以他今天感到有点困倦。 考查不可数名词的修饰、形容词的修饰。a bit，a little，a little bit作副词短语时，都表示“稍微，一点儿”，但a little后可以直接接形容词或副词，也可以接不可数名词；a bit后接名词时通常与of连用（a bit of+名词），修饰形容词、副词或动词时则不加 of；a little bit 修饰名词时需a little bit of +名词，也可直接修饰形容词或副词。little表示“几乎没有”，表示否定意义。本句中第一个空修饰不可数名词sleep，只能用a little；第二个空修饰形容词sleepy，可以用a little或a little bit。故选B。 (2) —Are you getting bored with reading for a whole day? —_________. Reading novels is my favourite. A．Not a little B．Not a bit C．I couldn’t agree more D．That’s all right 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你整天看书觉得无聊吗？ ——一点也不。读小说是我的最爱。 考查情景交际。Not a little许多；Not a bit一点也不；I couldn’t agree more我完全同意；That’s all right不要紧，没关系。根据“Reading novels is my favorite.”可知，此处是指根本不觉得看一整天书无聊，应用“Not a bit”表达否定或者强烈的不赞同。故选B。 9. repeat /rɪˈpiːt/v. 重复 [词汇拓展] repetition (n.) 重复；repeated(adj.)重复的，重复发生的；repetitive(adj.)重复乏味的 [词汇搭配] repeat after me 跟我读；repeat a mistake重复一个错误 [词汇例句] They are hoping to repeat last year's victory.他们希望重复去年的胜利。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Sorry, I didn’t quite catch what you said. Would you please ________ your email address? —OK. It’s mygz@gfimail.com. A．repeat B．return C．refuse D．review 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——对不起，我没听清楚你说的话。请重复一下您的电子邮件地址好吗？——好的。它是mygz@gfimail.com。 考查动词辨析。repeat重复；return归还；refuse拒绝；review复习。根据“I didn’t quite catch what you said”可知，表示请求重说一遍电子邮件地址。故选A。 10. solution /səˈluːʃn/n. 解决办法；解决 [词汇拓展] solve (v.) 解决 [词汇搭配] the solution to (doing) sth. (做)某事的解决办法；find a solution找到解决办法 [词汇例句] We are looking for a good solution. 我们正在寻找一个好办法。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The teacher helped us come up with a solution ________ the problem by suggesting we work together as a team to find the answer. A．in B．on C．to D．of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老师通过建议我们作为一个团队合作找到答案，帮助我们想出了一个解决问题的办法。 考查介词辨析。in在……里；on在……上；to对于；of属于。表示“解决问题的办法”，用“solution to the problem”。故选C。 11. though /ðəʊ/conj. 虽然；尽管 [词汇拓展] although (conj.) 虽然；<形近词>through(prep.)通过；凭借，以 [词汇搭配] even though 即使；虽然 [词汇用法] · though引导让步状语从句。 Though he is young, he can lift the box. 虽然他很小，但他能拿起这个盒子。 · 连接两个分句时，用了though/although，则不再使用but。 Though he is young, but he can lift the box. （此句中but多余，应去掉） [随学随练] 单项填空 ________ he tried his best, ________ he didn’t win the competition. A．Though; / B．Though; but C．But; / D．But; though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管他尽力了，但他没有赢得比赛。 考查连词辨析。though虽然；but但是。though和but不能连用，排除BD；根据“he tried his best...he didn’t win the competition”可知是虽然他尽力了，但是他没有赢得比赛，故此处用though引导让步状语从句。故选A。 12. apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ (= apologise) v. 道歉 [词汇拓展] apology (n.) 道歉 [词汇搭配] apologize to sb.(for sth.) (因某事)向某人道歉 [词汇例句] You should apologize to her. 你应该向她道歉。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) How could you say that to your parents? You’d better ________ them at once. A．not apologize to B．to apologize for C．apologize to D．to apologize to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你怎么能对你父母说那种话？你最好马上向他们道歉。 考查情态动词和动词短语。not apologize to不向……道歉；to apologize for为……道歉；apologize to向……道歉；to apologize to向……道歉。根据“How could you say that to your parents?”的语境，后句应是建议“向他们道歉”，“You’d better do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“你最好做某事”，后接动词原形，“apologize to sb.”意为“向某人道歉”，符合语境，故选C。 (2) The restaurant manager apologized ________ the poor service and offered us free desserts. A．to B．as C．at D．for 【答案】D 【详解】句意：餐厅经理为服务不佳道歉，并给我们提供了免费甜点。 考查介词辨析。to向，朝；as作为；at在；for为了，因为。根据“The restaurant manager apologized…the poor service and offered us free desserts.”可知，apologize for sth表示“为某事道歉” ，这里表示经理为服务差道歉，所以用for。故选D。 13. joyful /ˈdʒɔɪfl/adj. 高兴的；令人愉快的 [词汇拓展] joy (n.) 高兴；喜悦；<同义词>joyous(adj.)高兴的；快乐的；joyfully(adv.)高兴地 [词汇搭配] a joyful day 愉快的一天 [词汇例句] Their encouragement can make your success more meaningful and joyful.他们的鼓励能让你的成 功更有意义，更令人愉悦。 [随学随练] 用joy适当形式填空 (1) On the way, we joyfully sang of the sea and talked about the fun things we planned to do at the beach. (2) The book encourages children to see everyday routines in a creative and joyful way. (3) All of them have different hobbies, but they all find joy and meaning in what they do. 14. thankful /ˈθæŋkfl/adj. 感谢的；感激的 [词汇拓展] thank (v./n.) 感谢；thankfully(adv.)感激地 [词汇搭配] be thankful to sb.对某人很感激；be thankful for sth.对某事感到庆幸；感激 be thankful to do感到庆幸做某事，很感谢做某事 [词汇例句] I am thankful for your help. 我很感激你的帮助。 [随学随用] 用所给词的适当形式填空或用适当的词填空。 (1) I was thankful to see(see) they'd all arrived safely. (2) It’s thankful(thank) that he wasn't badly hurt. (3) Words cannot express my thanks(thank) to my dear teachers. (4) I’d like to thank(thank) you for helping me solve the problem. (5) Looking back to the past three years, I’m thankful to everyone that I met at school. 15. negative /ˈnegətɪv/adj. 否定的；消极的 [词汇拓展] positive (adj.) 积极的；negatively(adv.)消极地；否定地；negate(v.)使无效；否定 [词汇搭配] negative ideas 消极的想法；have a negative influence on...对...有消极影响 [词汇例句] They received a negative reply. 他们得到一个否定的答复。 16. bully /ˈbʊli/v. 霸凌；恐吓 n. 恶霸 [词汇拓展] bullying (n.) 霸凌行为 [词汇搭配] say no to bullying对霸凌说不；the school bully学校里的恶霸学生 [词汇例句] We should not bully others at school. 我们不应该在学校欺负别人。 [随学随练] 单项填空 It is wrong to ________ those who are weaker than you. You should always be kind to others. A．help B．bully C．teach D．encourage 【答案】B 【详解】句意:欺负那些比你弱的人是错误的。你应该始终对他人友善。 考查动词辨析。help帮助; bully欺负; teach教;encourage鼓励。根据 "t is wrong to..those who are weaker than you." 以及后文"You should always be kind to others.”可知，欺负弱者是不对的，应选表示"欺负”的词。故选B。 17. behave /biˈheɪv/v. 表现；举止得体 [词汇拓展] behaviour (n.) 行为；举止 [词汇搭配] behave differently表现不同；behave yourself表现得体，有礼貌 [词汇例句] Please behave yourselves in class. 请在课堂上表现好。 [随学随练] 单项填空 From the sign, we can know ________. ★Wear the Uniform ★Listen and Learn ★Follow Classroom Rules ★No Mobile Phones During Lessons A．how we should behave in the school B．what we should do in the cinema C．where we should have lessons 【答案】A 【详解】句意：从标志上看，我们可以知道在校内应如何表现。 考查宾语从句和常识。根据所给出的标志可知，都是一些校规：穿制服 、听和学 、遵守课堂规则 、上课期间不使用手机。选项A“我们在学校应该怎样表现”符合语境。故选A。 18. differently /ˈdɪfrərntli/adv. 不同地 [词汇拓展] different (adj.) 不同的；difference (n.) 不同 [词汇例句] People may think differently about the same thing. 人们对同一件事可能想法不同。 [随学随用] 用所给词的适当形式填空或用适当的词填空。 (1) He was studying the complex similarities and differences(different) between humans and animals. (2) Boys and girls may behave differently(different) . (3) This recipe is certainly interesting and different(different) . (4) My history teacher always listens to our ideas, even when they’re different from hers. (5) I think everyone can do something to make a difference to the Earth. 19. lie /laɪ/v. 平躺；平放；位于；存在 n.谎言 [词汇拓展] <过去式>lied ; lay ; <过去分词>lied ; lain ; <动词-ing形式>lying [词汇搭配] lie awake躺着睡不着；lie down躺下；lie in睡懒觉；在于 live a lie过两面人的生活；过骗人的生活；为人虚伪 [词汇用法] · lie可用作名词，意为“谎言”，常见搭配有：tell a lie / tell lies 撒谎；white lie善意的谎言。 The whole story is nothing but a pack of lies .整个叙述只不过是一派谎言。 · lie用作动词，表示“撒谎”时，其过去式和过去分词是规则变化，分别为lied；lied。 The boy lied to us just now. 这个男孩子刚对我们撒谎了。 · lie用作动词，表示“平躺；平放；位于；存在”时，其过去式和过去分词是不规则变化，分别为lay；lain。 He lay on the sofa and relaxed. 他躺在沙发上放松。 · lay也可用作动词原形，表示“摆放；产卵，下蛋”，其过去式和过去分词分别为laid；laid。 He laid the book on the desk. 他把书放在了书桌上。 [随学随练] 用lie相关表达补全句子 (1) 我看见一位老人正躺在地上。 I saw an old man lying on the ground. (2) 问题在于我们怎么给手机充电。 The problem lies in how we charge our phones.  (3) 昨天他彻夜不眠，想着他的新工作。 Yesterday, he lay awake all night, thinking about his new job. (4) 我背疼，需要躺下来休息一下。 I have a backache and I need to lie down and rest. 单项填空 There is a new pair of shoes of yours ________ at the bottom of the wardrobe. Go and ________ them here on the shelf. A．lying, lay B．laying, lie C．lies, laid D．lying, lie 【答案】A 【详解】句意：衣橱底部有一双你的新鞋。去把它们放在架子上。 考查动词辨析。lie-lied-lied-lying说谎；lie-lay-lain-lying躺，平放，保留；lay-laid-laid-laying下蛋，放置；第一空指的是“平放在衣橱底下”，此处是there be...doing结构，空处用doing形式；第二空是“放置在架子上”，应用lay，句子是祈使句，动词用原形，故选A。 20. awake /əˈweɪk/adj. 醒着的 [词汇拓展] wake (v.) 醒来；叫醒 [词汇搭配] stay awake 保持清醒；be half awake半睡半醒；be fully awake睡意全无 [词汇例句] I was still awake when he came to bed. 他就寝时我还没有入睡。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Though he is lying on bed with his eyes closed, he is ______. A．sleepy B．angry C．quiet D．awake 【答案】D 【详解】D 本题考查形容词和语境辨析。句意：虽然他躺在床上闭着眼，但他是醒着的。A. sleepy瞌睡的；B. angry生气的；C. quiet 寂静的；D. awake醒着的。结合句意此刻他醒着的符合题意。故选D。 21. relaxed /rɪˈlækst/adj. 放松的；镇定的 [词汇拓展] relax (v.) 放松；relaxing (adj.) 令人放松的；relaxation(n.)放松 [词汇搭配] feel relaxed 感到放松 [词汇例句] I feel relaxed after a walk. 散步后我感到很放松。 [随学随练] 用relax的适当形式填空 (1) We should use the Internet to help our study and relax, but we shouldn’t spend too much time on it. (2) Physical relaxation includes doing sports, taking a walk in the park and getting a massage.  (3) Besides, communicating with family and friends is also a great relaxing way.  (4) I like doing this. This makes me happy and relaxed. 22. normal /ˈnɔːml/adj. 正常的；普通的 [词汇拓展] normally (adv.) 正常地；abnormal(adj.)不正常的 [词汇搭配] normal life正常生活 [词汇例句] It’s normal to feel nervous before exams. 考试前感到紧张是正常的。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Is the child better today? —Yes. His temperature seems now. A．high B．normal C．low D．special 【答案】B 【详解】句意：-这个孩子今天好点了吗？-是的，他的体温现在好像正常了。high高的；normal正常的；low低的；special特殊的。根据答语Yes可知，这个孩子好多了，所以体温应该正常了，故应选B。 23. mad /mæd/adj. 很生气；疯狂的 [词汇拓展] madly (adv.) 疯狂地 [词汇搭配] be mad at sb. 生某人的气；get mad生气，发怒；drive sb. mad使某人发疯 [词汇例句] My mother was mad at me for being late. 我妈妈因为我迟到而生我的气。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —How do you feel about people who keep you ____? —They drive me ____. A．wait; excited B．to wait; fun C．waiting; mad D．waiting; happy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你对那些让你久等的人怎么看？——他们使我发疯。考查动词固定搭配。keep sb. doing sth.意为“让某人一直做某事”，排除A、B两项；drive sb. mad意为“使某人抓狂、使某人疯”，为固定搭配；结合选项可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。 (2) Simon’s head teacher was ______ him because he was late again. A．surprised at B．mad at C．excited about D．friendly to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：西蒙的班主任对他很生气，因为他又迟到了。 考查形容词短语辨析。be surprised at对……惊讶；be mad at对……愤怒；be excited about对……感到兴奋；be friendly to对……友好。根据“because he was late again”可知他又迟到，因此老师很生气/愤怒。故选B。 24. deep /diːp/adj. 深的；有…… 深的 [词汇拓展] deeply (adv.) 深深地；depth(n.)深度 [词汇搭配] take a deep breath 深呼吸；deep water 深水；deep down在内心深处，在心底；本质上 [词汇辨析] deep / deeply · deep既用作形容词，也用作副词。用作副词时，表示“深深地；在深处；至深处”。 They sat and talked deep into the night. 他们坐着谈话，一直谈到深夜。 · deeply用作副词，表示“深深地”，但较deep用得少。deeply更多用于表示包含“非常”之意。 He loved his daughter deeply. 他深深地爱着他的女儿。 [词汇例句] There is a deep river near our village. 我们村附近有一条很深的河。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —________ is the Dead Sea? —It’s about 430 meters below sea level. A．How deep B．How wide C．How long D．How high 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——死海有多深？——它大约在海平面以下430米。 考查疑问词组辨析。How deep多深；How wide多宽；How long多长；How high多高。根据答语“It’s about 430 meters below sea level.”可知，此处询问的是深度。故选A。 25. remain /rɪˈmeɪn/v. 继续存在；保持不变；逗留，不离去 [词汇拓展] remaining (adj.) 剩下的；remains(n.)遗骸，残骸；遗迹 [词汇用法] · remain可以用作系动词，表示“保持不变”。 The three men remained silent. 这3个人保持着沉默。 · remain也可用作不及物动词，表示“继续存在；逗留”等意。 They remained in the town. 它们仍在在镇子上。 [词汇例句] Many of the differences in everyday life remain. 日常生活中的许多差异仍然存在。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Long time no see. Your garden remains ________. —Thank you. I never give up ________. A．beautiful, work B．beautifully, working C．beautiful, working D．beautifully, to work 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——好久不见。你的花园依然很美。——谢谢。我从未放弃打理它。 考查词汇辨析和非谓语动词。beautiful美丽的，形容词；beautifully美丽地，副词。第一空位于系动词remains后作表语，应用形容词，因此选beautiful；动词短语give up后需接动名词作宾语，所以第二空应用working。故选C。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 时间状语从句 (教材原句)When the bell rang, Matt entered the classroom with a heavy heart.铃声响起时，马特怀着沉重的心情走进了教室。 (教材原句)He didn’t dare to look at Tom as he spoke. 说话时他不敢直视汤姆 (教材原句)But we had a good chance to win until I made that mistake.不过，在我犯下那个错误之前，我们本来是有很大机会获胜的。 (教材原句)You helped me a lot, especially after my grandmother passed away.你给了我很多帮助，尤其是在我祖母去世之后。 when, as, until, after等常用于引导时间状语从句。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 康康告诉他要反复听课文直到背下来（learn by heart）。 【答案】Kangkang told him to listen to and repeat the texts until he could learn them by heart. (2) 直到故事的最后你才会发现它很精彩。 【答案】You won’t find it very wonderful until the end of the story./ You will not find it very wonderful until the end of the story. (3) 我们应该随着成长变得更加独立(independent)。 【答案】We should become more independent as we grow up. 2. 让步状语从句 (教材原句)Although you pushed their player, it was just an accident. 尽管你冲撞了对方的球员，但那纯属意外。 (教材原句)Why did Tom feel proud of their team even though they lost? 尽管他们输了，汤姆为什么还为他们的团队感到骄傲？ (教材原句)Even if you try your best, you can’t always succeed or win. 即使你尽了最大努力，也并非总能成功或获胜。 although, even though, even if等均意为“虽然，即使”，用于引导让步状语从句。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 尽管你们吵过架，但你们仍然是非常亲密的朋友。 【答案】Although you argued, you are still very close friends. (2) 即使我的钱不多，我仍然会尽力每周存一点。(even if) 【答案】Even if I don’t have much money, I will still try to save a little every week. 3. 结果状语从句 (教材原句)It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. 更重要的是要从自己的错误中汲取教训，这样你便不会在将来重蹈覆辙。 so that表示“以便”，用于引导结果状语从句。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 当我第一次参加戏剧社活动时，我紧张得甚至不敢大声读台词。 【答案】When I attended the drama club activity for the first time, I was so nervous that I even dared not read lines aloud. (2) 那位画家如此专注，以至于废寝忘食。(so...that...) 【答案】The painter was so focused that he forgot to eat and sleep. 4. 条件状语从句 (教材原句)If we pull together, we should win next time如果我们齐心协力，下次就一定能获胜。 if, unless, as long as等常用于引导条件状语从句。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 如果我们所有人都伸出援手，就能拯救那些处于危险中的动物。 【答案】If all of us give a helping hand, we can save the animals in danger. (2) 只要你努力并坚持你的梦想，没有什么是不可能的。 【答案】As long as you work hard and stick to your dreams, nothing is impossible. 5. 主语从句 (教材原句)Getting angry is normal, but what you choose to do with your anger is up to you!生气是正常的，但如何处理自己的愤怒则取决于你自己！ 这是一个并列句，由but 连接两个分句。第一个分句中getting angry是非谓语动词作主语。第二个分句中，what you choose to do with your anger是what引导的一个主语从句，在分句中作主语成分。what引导主语从句、宾语从句等在句子中要作主语、宾语等主干成分，此句中what作do后的宾语。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Many young people are encouraged by the stories of role models of the times. —Yes, and ________ we can learn from these role models can shape our future. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——许多年轻人受到时代楷模故事的鼓舞。——是的，我们从这些榜样身上学到的东西可以塑造我们的未来。 考查连接代词辨析。who谁；which哪一个；what什么 (指代事物)；whose谁的。根据“we can learn from these role models”可知，空格处需填入一个既能引导从句又能充当learn宾语的代词，且指代“学到的东西”，what符合语境。故选C。 4、 其他知识解析 1. 不定式常见用法 (1) 不定式作宾语补足语 (教材原句)When the referee saw Matt push another player, he gave the other team two free throws. 当裁判员看到马特推搡另一名球员时，他判给了对方队两次罚球机会。 (教材原句)Tom advised Matt not to be too hard on himself. 汤姆建议马特对自己不要太苛刻。 see,advise,wish,encourage,allow等词后常跟不定式作宾语补足语。感官动词see,watch,notice和使役动词make,let等后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。 (2) 不定式作定语 (教材原句)But we had a good chance to win until I made that mistake.不过，在我犯下那个错误之前，我们本来是有很大机会获胜的。 chance,opportunity,way,ability,choice,place等名词后常跟不定式作定语。 (3) 不定式作主语 (教材原句)It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. 更重要的是要从自己的错误中汲取教训，这样你便不会在将来重蹈覆辙。 (4) 不定式作状语 (教材原句)He was lucky to have a friend like Tom!他很幸运能有像汤姆这样的朋友在身边！ (5) 不定式作宾语 (教材原句)I know you didn’t mean to do that. 我知道你不是故意那样做的。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我和老人们一起锻炼，帮助他们保持活力。 【答案】I exercise with the elderly to help them stay active. (2) 我很高兴和大家分享我的学习经历，尤其是如何提高英语听力的方法。 【答案】I’m very glad to share my learning experiences with everyone, especially the way to improve English listening. (3) 第一次考试后，李老师建议我好好规划我的学习时间。 【答案】After the first exam, Mr. Li advised me to plan my study time well. (4) 爸爸鼓励我参加演讲比赛，我决定试一试。 【答案】My dad encouraged me to take part in the speech competition, and I decided to give it a go. 2. as...as用法 (教材原句)Matt was as shocked as anyone else when the accident happened, but it was too late.事故发生后，马特和其他人一样感到震惊，但为时已晚。 as...as...中间用形容词或副词的原级，表示“和...一样...样的/地”。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我惊奇地发现许多青少年跟我一样地热衷于DIY。 【答案】I was surprised to find that many teenagers are as keen on DIY as I am. (2) 艾玛总是比我起得早，但我学习/工作和她一样努力! 【答案】Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I study/work as hard as she does! 3. used to用法 (教材原句)I used to think that science was boring and difficult, and I did badly in class. use to后接动词原形表示“过去常常做，曾经做”，表示过去常发生的动作，现在已经不做了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 She ________ get up late on weekends, but now she gets up early to exercise. A．uses to B．used to C．is used to D．was used to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她过去周末常常起床很晚，但现在她早起锻炼。 考查动词短语辨析。uses to表述错误，无此搭配；used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”；is used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”；was used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”，是被动语态。根据语境可知，此处描述的是她过去周末的行为习惯，即过去常常起床很晚，但现在改变了，所以应该用used to。故选B。 4. not only...but also...用法 (教材原句)Thank you for so much for being not only my teacher but also my friend.非常感谢您，您不仅是我的老师，更是我的朋友。 not only...but also...意为“不但...而且...”，可用于连接相同的两个成分，本句中连接my teacher和my friend两个表语。 not only...but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词与后一个主语保持主谓一致。 如：Not only my parents  but also my brother is coming to the party.不仅我的父母，我的兄弟也来参加聚会。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 在我们的生活中，狗不仅是我们的朋友，而且能帮助我们工作。(not only...but also...) 【答案】In our lives, dogs not only serve as our friends but also help us with work. (2) 对中国人而言，茶不仅是饮料，还是一门艺术和一门文化。(not only…but also…) 【答案】For Chinese people, tea is not only a drink but also an art and a culture. 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) Our football team ________ (得分) two minutes ago. 【答案】scored (2) It’s not kind to be _______ (刻薄的)‌ to others just because they’re different. 【答案】mean (3) The older boy tried to ________ (霸凌) the new student, but he stood up for himself. 【答案】bully (4) You can ask ______ (任何人) for help if you have problems. 【答案】anyone (5) I was about to leave my house when the phone __________ (响起铃声) last night. 【答案】rang (6) If you do something wrong, you should ________ (道歉) to the person you hurt. 【答案】apologize/apologise (7) We should keep a positive attitude instead of a ________ (消极的) one. 【答案】negative (8) The swimming c________ (教练) is very patient with the children. 【答案】coach (9) Can you mix the powder with water to create a ‌_______ (解决办法)‌ for cleaning the windows? 【答案】solution (10) The children were expected to ‌_______ (表现)‌ properly (适当地) during the school trip. 【答案】behave (11) It’s ________ (正常的) to be a few minutes late in some cultures. 【答案】normal (12) If you don’t understand, please ‌_______ (重复)‌ the question slowly. 【答案】repeat (13) We study light, heat, sound, and electricity in ________ (物理学). 【答案】physics (14) We should ________ (继续存在，保持不变) silent on this question. 【答案】remain (15) 虽然奶奶住在老家，但她偶尔会给我寄来亲手做的糕点。 Although Grandma lives in my hometown, she sends me homemade pastries ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 from time to time (16) She was so angry that she ‌‌_______ ‌_______ (冲……喊叫)‌ her brother for breaking her favorite cup. 【答案】 shouted at (17) 因为考试失利，她最近一直情绪低落。 She has been ________ ________ ________ recently because she failed the exam. 【答案】 in low spirits (18) 所有人都笑容满面，为团队的努力感到骄傲。 People ________ ________ ________ and ________ ________ the team’s effort. 【答案】 were all smiles proud of (19) He trained hard for the match, so he was really ‌_______ ‌_______ (使失望)‌ when he didn’t make the team. 【答案】 let down (20) I said something hurtful, and I really wish I could ‌_______ ‌_______ (撤回)‌ my words. 【答案】 take back 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) The alarm _________ (ring) loudly and woke me up this morning. 【答案】rang 【详解】句意：今天早上，闹钟大声地响了起来，把我吵醒了。ring“（铃、钟等）响”，根据“woke me up”可知，此处是一般过去时，因此用ring的过去式rang。故填rang。 (2) Jackson doesn’t dare ________ (speak) in front of the whole class. 【答案】to speak 【详解】句意：杰克逊不敢在全班面前说话。根据“Jackson doesn’t dare…in front of the whole class.”及提示词可知，dare to do sth.“敢于做某事”，动词短语，speak“说话”，动词。故填to speak。 (3) He is one of the best _________ (play) in the team. 【答案】players 【详解】句意：他是队里最好的运动员之一。play“打球”，动词；“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，固定搭配，表示“最……之一”，所以play要变成名词player后再+s。故填players。 (4) It’s important for us to make a ________ (decide) about our future health habits. 【答案】decision 【详解】句意：对我们来说，为未来的健康习惯做一个决定是很重要的。decide“决定”，动词原形，根据“a”可知，此处应用名词单数，decide的名词为decision。故填decision。 (5) The doctors are proud ________ (help) people see again and improve their lives. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：医生们很自豪能够帮助人们重见光明，改善他们的生活。be proud to do sth“为做某事而自豪”，空处用不定式结构to help“帮助”。故填to help。 (6) Let’s try our best to find a ________ (solve) to the problem. 【答案】solution 【详解】句意：让我们尽最大努力找到解决这个问题的方法。a后接可数名词单数形式，solve的名词形式是solution“解决方法”。故填solution。 (7) I owe (欠) you an ________ (apologise). I’m really sorry. 【答案】apology 【详解】句意：我欠你一个道歉。我真的很抱歉。“an”后接名词，apologise“道歉”为动词，其名词形式为apology，意为“道歉”。故填apology。 (8) It is really ________ (joy) for all the students to have such a meaningful experience. 【答案】joyful 【详解】句意：对所有学生来说，拥有如此有意义的经历真的很令人愉快。“is”后接形容词作表语，“joy”的形容词形式是“joyful”，意为“令人愉快的”。故填joyful。 (9) We are very ________ (thank) for your help during our trip. 【答案】thankful 【详解】句意：我们非常感谢你在我们旅行期间给予的帮助。根据语境及所给单词可知，此处表达的是“感激的，感谢的”，在句中作表语，应该用形容词形式。thank的形容词形式为thankful。故填thankful。 (10) She has good ________ (behave) in public and everyone likes her. 【答案】behavior 【详解】句意：她在公众场合举止得体，大家都喜欢她。behave“表现”，动词；此处有形容词“good”修饰，需用名词形式behavior“行为举止”，作宾语。故填behavior。 (11) American English spells some words ________ (different) from British English. 【答案】differently 【详解】句意：美式英语拼写一些单词的方式与英式英语不同。根据提示词和“American English spells some words...”可知，different“不同的”，为形容词，此处需要用其副词形式differently来修饰动词“spells”。故填differently。 (12) He took off his shirt and ________ (lie) down to have a rest. 【答案】lay 【详解】句意：他脱下衬衫，躺下来休息。根据句意和并列谓语took off可知，此处应用一般过去时；lie意为“躺”，其过去式为lay。故填lay。 (13) Danny is much too tired, but he tries his best to remain ________ (wake). 【答案】awake 【详解】句意：丹尼太累了，但他尽力保持清醒。“remain”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“wake”的形容词形式是“awake”，意为“醒着的”。故填awake。 (14) Listen to the soft music and it can make you ________ (relax). 【答案】relaxed 【详解】句意：听这首轻柔的音乐，它会让你感到放松。分析句子可知，“make sb.+形容词” 是固定结构，意为 “使某人处于某种状态”。此处需要一个形容词来描述人的感受，“relaxed”意为“感到放松的”用于描述人，而 “relaxing”意为“令人放松的”，用于描述事物。故填relaxed。 (15) Don’t be mad ________ him—he didn’t do it on purpose. 【答案】at 【详解】句意：别生他的气——他不是故意的。be mad at是固定搭配，意为“对……生气”，符合语境。故填at。 (16) Mental health is as ________ (importance) as physical health. 【答案】important 【详解】句意：心理健康和身体健康一样重要。“as+形容词/副词原级+as”表示“和……一样”，此处需要形容词作表语，importance的形容词形式是important。故填important。 (17) I hope I can have an opportunity _________ (travel) around the world. 【答案】to travel 【详解】句意：我希望我能有机会周游世界。have an opportunity to do sth表示“有机会做某事”，所以此处填to do结构。故填to travel。 (18) I saw her ________ (enter) the office just now. 【答案】enter 【详解】句意：我刚才看见她走进办公室。“see sb. do sth.”表示“看见某人做了某事（全过程）”，感官动词后接省略to的动词原形，故填enter。 (19) After the talk, the two friends cleared the air and their ________ (lonely) went away. 【答案】loneliness 【详解】句意：谈话后，两位朋友消除了误会，他们的孤独感消失了。lonely表示“孤独的”，是形容词，空处位于形容词性物主代词their之后，应用名词loneliness“孤独”。故填loneliness。 (20) When you feel ________ (stress), it helps to listen to soft music or take a walk. 【答案】stressed 【详解】句意：当你感到有压力时，听轻音乐或散散步会有帮助。这里“feel”后需要接形容词来描述人的感受，“stress”对应的形容人的形容词是“stressed”（表示“感到有压力的”）。故填stressed。   3. 单项填空 (1) I had a special ________ feeling after ________ the weekend party. A．happy; joining B．warm; entering C．relaxed; attending D．relaxed; attend 【答案】C 【详解】句意：参加完周末聚会后，我有一种特别放松的感觉。 考查形容词辨析以及动词辨析。happy开心的；warm温暖的；relaxed放松的；join加入；enter进入；attend参加。根据“the weekend party”可知是参加聚会，用attend，排除A和B选项。after是介词，后接动名词，故选C。 (2) —Hi, Ann! I won the first prize in the English Speech Contest. —Congratulations! And I guess your parents must ________ you. A．be proud of B．be mad at C．be angry with D．be impolite to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你好，Ann ！我在英语演讲比赛中得了一等奖。——祝贺你！我想你父母一定为你感到骄傲。 A. be proud of 以……为自豪；B. be mad at 对……发疯；C. be angry with 生……的气；D. be impolite to 对……不礼貌。根据“Hi, Ann! I won the first prize in the English Speech Contest.”可知下文以我为骄傲。根据题意，故选A。 (3) I feel ________ hungry now, but there is ________ bread in the fridge. A．a little; a bit B．a bit; a little of C．a little; a bit of D．a bit; little 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我现在有点饿，但是冰箱里没有面包了。 考查形容词短语或是副词短语。a bit/a little/a little bit一点儿，后面可加形容词或副词；a little/little/a bit of一点儿，修饰不可数名词。“hungry”意为“饿的”，是形容词，需用a bit/a little/a little bit来修饰“hungry”；第二空后的“bread”是名词，意为“面包”，是不可数名词，little“几乎没有”，表否定，a little“一点儿”，表肯定。根据“but there is…bread in the fridge”可知冰箱里没有面包了，应用“little”修饰“bread”。故选D。 (4) —What do you think of the plan to cancel the sports meeting? —I’m afraid my opinion is ________. I really wanted to participate. A．positive B．negative C．helpful D．powerful 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你觉得取消运动会的计划怎么样？——恐怕我的意见是反对的。我真的很想参加。 考查形容词辨析。positive积极的；negative消极的，反对的；helpful有帮助的；powerful强大的。根据答语“I really wanted to participate”可知，说话者不希望取消运动会，因此意见应是“反对的、否定的”。故选B。 (5) —Why are you so angry, Mrs. Wilson? —Because my son ________ to me. He promised me that he would do his homework this morning, but in fact he ________ in bed all the morning and did nothing. A．lied; lay B．lay; lay C．lied; lied D．lay; lied 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么生气，威尔逊夫人？——因为我儿子骗了我。他答应我今天早上要做作业，但事实上他整个上午都躺在床上，什么也没做。 考查动词辨析。lied说谎；lay躺。lie解释为“说谎”时，过去式是lied；解释为“躺”时，过去式是lay。根据“...to me”可知，第一空表示对我说谎，过去式为lied；根据“...in bed”可知，第二空表示躺在床上，lie in bed“躺在床上”，过去式为lay。故选A。 (6) Listening to gentle music always helps me ________ after a long day. A．stay awake B．get excited C．become tired D．feel relaxed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在漫长的一天后，听轻柔的音乐总能帮助我放松。 考查动词短语辨析。stay awake保持清醒；get excited变得兴奋；become tired变得疲劳；feel relaxed感到放松。根据“Listening to gentle music”和“after a long day”可知，在漫长的一天后听轻柔的音乐是为了放松。故选D。 (7) —__________ feels sad sometimes. —Yes, it’s normal to feel sad when something bad happens to us. A．Everyone B．Nobody C．None D．All students 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：--有时，人们会感觉伤心。--是的，当有一些不好的事情发生在我们的周围时，感觉到伤感是正常的事。结合实际，应该是每一个人的想法。故选A。 (8) The pond is about ________. Be careful when you play around it. A．two metre deep B．two metres deep C．two-metre deep D．two-metres-deep 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个池塘大约两米深。你在它周围玩耍时要小心。 考查长度/深度的表达法及名词单复数。two metre deep（语法错误，metre前有基数词two，需用复数形式metres）；two metres deep（正确表达，“基数词+复数名词+形容词”用于描述长度/深度）；two-metre deep（语法错误，“基数词-单数名词”构成的复合形容词后需直接接名词，不能单独搭配形容词deep）；two-metres-deep（语法错误，复合形容词中名词需用单数形式，不能加s）。描述物体深度的常用结构为“基数词+复数名词+形容词”，此处“two metres deep”符合该结构，故选B。 (9) Cathy _________ very well at the party. All the guests liked her. A．remained B．tried C．grew D．behaved 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Cathy在聚会上举止行为非常好，所有的客人都喜欢她。A. remained提醒；B. tried尝试；C. grew种植，生长；D. behaved举止行为；根据All the guests liked her.可知是举止行为非常好；故选D (10) This trip to Yunnan is really a ________ experience for me and it made me feel ________ all the time. A．relaxed; relaxed B．relaxing; relaxed C．relaxed; relaxing D．relaxing; relaxing 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这次云南之旅对我来说真是一次令人放松的经历，它让我一直感到很放松。 考查形容词辨析。relaxed(感到放松的)通常修饰人，表示人的感受;relaxing(令人放松的)通常修饰物或事物，表示事物具有使人放松的特性。第一空修饰“experience”，指事物本身令人放松，应用relaxing;第二空描述"me”的感受，应用relaxed。故选B。 4. 选词填空 A 根据句意从方框中选出正确的单词填空。(有两个多余选项) joyful / bullying / mean / behave / awake / deep / physics / anybody / relaxed 1．Schools must take action to stop school . No student should feel unsafe. 2．This is a top secret. You must not tell else about it. 3．The bad news kept him all night; he couldn’t fall asleep at all. 4．Chinese poets often use the moon to express their feelings of missing home. 5．After listening to the soft music, she felt much more than before. 6．When you visit a foreign country, you should well and follow local customs. 7．Don’t take his words seriously. He didn’t to hurt you; he was just joking. 【答案】1．bullying 2．anybody 3．awake 4．deep 5．relaxed 6．behave 7．mean 【解析】 1．句意：学校必须采取行动制止校园欺凌。没有学生应该感到不安全。根据“stop school”和“No student should feel unsafe”可知，此处表示“欺凌”，school bullying“校园欺凌”符合语境。故填bullying。 2．句意：这是最高机密。你不能把这件事告诉任何人。根据“This is a top secret.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“任何人”，anybody“任何人”符合语境。故填anybody。 3．句意：这个坏消息使他整夜未眠，根本睡不着。根据“he couldn’t fall asleep at all”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“醒着的”，keep sb. awake“使某人醒着”符合语境。故填awake。 4．句意：中国诗人常用月亮来表达他们深深的思乡之情。根据“feelings of missing home”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“深深的”，deep“深深的”符合语境。故填deep。 5．句意：听了轻柔的音乐后，她感觉比以前放松多了。根据“After listening to the soft music”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“放松的”，more relaxed“更放松的”符合语境。故填relaxed。 6．句意：当你访问外国时，你应该举止得体，遵守当地习俗。根据“follow local customs”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“举止得体”，behave well“举止得体”符合语境，情态动词should后接动词原形。故填behave。 7．句意：别把他的话当真。他不是有意要伤害你，他只是在开玩笑。根据“he was just joking”及备选词汇可知，此处表示“有意”，mean to do sth.“有意做某事”符合语境，助动词didn’t后接动词原形。故填mean。 B pass away  take a deep breath  shout at  from time to time  feel blue  all smiles 1．She was when she asked me to help her with homework. 2． and see how long you can stay underwater. 3．—Excuse me. When did Miss Flower ? —Last night. 4．I since my pet dog was lost. 5．The teacher the two boys for talking in class. 6．She visits her grandparents . 【答案】1．all smiles 2．Take a deep breath 3．pass away 4．have felt blue 5．shouted at 6．from time to time 【解析】 1．句意：当她让我帮她辅导作业时，她满面笑容。根据“She was ... when she asked me to help her with homework.”和备选词可知，此处需用形容词短语作表语，all smiles意为“满面笑容”，符合请求他人帮忙时的状态。故填all smiles。 2．句意：深吸一口气，看看你能在水下待多久。根据“... and see how long you can stay underwater.”和备选词可知，此处是祈使句，需用动词短语开头，take a deep breath 意为“深吸一口气”，句子开头首字母大写。故填Take a deep breath。 3．句意：——打扰一下，弗劳尔小姐什么时候去世的？——昨晚。根据“When did Miss Flower ...?”和备选词可知，此处需用动词短语，did后接动词原形，pass away意为“去世”，符合语境。故填pass away。 4．句意：自从我的宠物狗丢了，我就一直很郁闷。根据“I ... since my pet dog was lost.”和备选词可知，此处需用表示情绪的短语，feel blue意为“感到郁闷”，since引导的时间状语从句与现在完成时连用，主语为第一人称I，现在完成时结构为have + 过去分词，feel的过去分词为felt。故填have felt blue。 5．句意：老师因为那两个男孩上课说话而对他们大喊大叫。根据“The teacher ... the two boys for talking in class.”和备选词可知，此处需用动词短语作谓语，shout at 意为“对……大喊大叫”，结合语境可知用一般过去时。故填shouted at。 6．句意：她时不时去看望她的祖父母。根据“She visits her grandparents ....”和备选词可知，此处需用频率短语作状语，from time to time意为“时不时、偶尔”，符合语境。故填from time to time。 5. 翻译句子 (1) 我们应该齐心协力来赢得这场足球比赛。 【答案】We should pull together to win the football match. (2) 那位向导教了我们如何制作机器人模型，但是他有点严肃。 【答案】The guide taught us how to make a robot model, but he was a bit serious. (3) 他觉得如果我在它电脑上玩游戏，就会出故障。 【答案】He thinks something will go wrong if I play games on the computer. (4) 虽然你吃得健康，但是你还应该多运动。 【答案】Although you eat healthily, you should still take more exercise. (5) 我们需要制定一个预算，以便我们能存更多的钱。 【答案】We need to make a budget so that we can save more money. (6) 直到你和他谈一谈，你才会知道他的感受。 【答案】You won’t know how he feels until you talk to him. (7) 读书不但让我感到快乐，还能使我提高成绩。 【答案】Reading can not only make me happy, but also improve my grades. (8) 深呼吸能帮助你在生气时冷静下来。 【答案】Taking a deep breath can help you calm down when you are angry. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $