05 专题二 第一讲 细节理解题（教师用书Word版）-【高考快车道】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习与策略

试卷名称 考试 年份 篇目 考查 体裁 主题 语境 文章话题 篇章 词数 考点统计 细节 理解 推理 判断 词句 猜测 主旨 大意 全国 一卷 2025 A 应用文 人与自然 交通领域的碳排放及应对方案 318 7 6 1 1 B 记叙文 人与自我 写作教师的教学认知突破之旅 295 C 议论文 人与社会 汽车主导的城市规划 vs 行人友好的生活空间诉求 315 D 说明文 人与自然 微塑料污染及应对方法 316 新课 标Ⅰ 卷 2024 A 应用文 人与社会 生物栖息地修复工作队志愿者招募 206 6 7 1 1 B 记叙文 人与社会 运用整体医学治疗动物 291 C 议论文 人与社会 纸质阅读与数字阅读的优劣 333 D 说明文 人与社会 数字生物多样性记录存在偏差 354 2023 A 应用文 人与社会 自行车租赁公司广告 205 6 7 1 1 B 记叙文 人与自然 污水净化生态机器 336 C 说明文 人与自我 数字极简主义生活方式 318 D 议论文 人与社会 “群体智慧”效应 337 全国 二卷 2025 A 应用文 人与社会 四个历史悠久、风格各异的英格兰小镇 266 8 4 1 2 B 记叙文 人与自我 在医院学校帮助患病儿童课业学习 303 C 说明文 人与自然 室内植物与人的心情之间的关系 261 D 说明文 人与社会 将食材边角料加工成美味佳肴 328 新课 标Ⅱ 卷 2024 A 应用文 人与自然 卡洛秋季徒步活动介绍 288 8 5 1 1 B 新闻 报道 人与社会 阅读提供短篇故事打印服务 269 C 说明文 人与社会 巴比伦微农场的一些主要优势 263 D 书评 人与社会 应对AI革命挑战的实用指南 318 2023 A 应用文 人与自然 黄石国家公园“护林员”项目 250 8 5 1 1 B 记叙文 人与自我 学校菜园项目 273 C 说明文 人与社会 书籍介绍 326 D 说明文 人与自然 接触自然有益健康 318 1．文章题材专业化 2025年的试题文本注入了更多考生不熟悉的新话题、新理念，涉及生物学、全球性议题、科研报告等专业性更强的领域，信息理解难度增加。 2．派生词、熟词生义词剧增 阅读文本及选项中越来越多地出现不超纲的“超纲词”(通过构词法合成或派生而来的新词、熟词生义词等)，使阅读难度剧增。 3．长句难句频现 高考阅读语篇中存在大量长句和难句，句子结构复杂，包含主干及众多附加部分，如插入语、同位语、状语、定语从句、介词短语作定语、非谓语动词作定语等。 第一讲　细节理解题 考点1　直接信息题 直接信息题常以应用文的形式出现在考题中，涉及的话题有：广告类、活动安排类、书籍或电影介绍类、演出信息类等。设问方式多为以“5W1H”(what，who，when，where，why和how)等开头的特殊疑问句。 (2025·全国二卷阅读A篇) Hereford，Herefordshire Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189．Skirting the town square，you'll find lovely shops，eateries，and the Black and White House Museum．The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town．It's also home to an ancient library．One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there． 21．Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta? A．In the Ludlow Castle． B．In the Foodie Center of England． C．In the Hereford Cathedral． D．In the Black and White House Museum． 一定题干关键词： 确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体词) 二寻文中信息句： 根据关键词定位信息句(画波浪线句) 三比选项定答案： 比对选项和信息句可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原始副本。 自主解答：C 考点2　间接信息题 此类试题命题的隐蔽性更强，要做到“两关注”“一防范”。 “两关注”是指关注正确选项的两个特征：一是同义词替换或释义，二是对文章信息的归纳。 “一防范”是指防范干扰选项的逼真性，稍有不慎就会落入命题人设置的陷阱中。 (2025·全国二卷阅读B篇) ... “Here”is room 386，where each year，about 500 LPCH patients also become students．The hospital school is free of parents，doctors，and medical procedures．It's a place of learning．About half of Ho's students stay for a week or less；others are there for more than a year．Most of Ho's students will recover，which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care． Still，in room 386，academics don't come first．Physical health and mental health are the priority．“If you're scared about something and thinking only about that，there's no way you're going to be able to learn，”Ho says．“I'm a coach，an adviser，and a comforter，and that's what it means to be a hospital teacher．” 24．Who does Ho teach at LPCH? A．Sick children． B．Young nurses． C．Medical students． D．Patients'parents． 25．What is a characteristic of Ho's job? A．Prioritizing academics． B．Encouraging innovation． C．Treating various diseases． D．Playing multiple roles． 一定题干关键词： 确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体词) 二寻文中信息句： 根据关键词定位信息句(画波浪线句) 三比选项定答案： 比对选项和信息句可知，24题Ho在LPCH教生病的孩子；25题Ho工作的一个特点是扮演多种角色。 自主解答：24．A　25．D 考点3　数字计算题 数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。但是英语阅读中的数字计算必须要找出计算背后所隐含的信息。这些“暗”信息会涉及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。 (2025·全国一卷阅读A篇) The greening of planes，trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions(排放)．As the world races to decarbonize everything，it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions．Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport． 21．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A．11.6%．　　　　 B．45.1%． C．74.5%． D．86.1%． 一定题干关键词： 确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体词) 二寻文中信息句： 根据关键词定位信息句[图表中ROAD VEHICLES部分的“ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1%”以及“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4%”] 三比选项定答案： 比对选项和信息句可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%＋29.4%＝74.5%，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。 自主解答：C 考点4　综合信息题 为了增加细节信息试题的难度，命题人有时也会采用较为概括的方式来进行命题，一个细节理解题涉及一段内的多个信息点或者多段的具体内容，需要考生进行概括和归纳后才能回答。 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读A篇) Walk 1—The Natural World ... Date and Time：Saturday，1st October，at 09：00 Start Point：Scratoes Bridge Walk Duration：6 hours Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking ... Date and Time：Sunday，2nd October，at 09：00 Start Point：Deerpark Car Park Walk Duration：5 hours Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars ... Date and Time：Saturday，1st October，at 18：30 Start Point：The Town Hall Walk Duration：3 hours Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest ... Date and Time：Sunday，2nd October，at 11：45 Start Point：Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area Walk Duration：1.5 hours 23．What do the four walks have in common? A．They involve difficult climbing． B．They are for experienced walkers． C．They share the same start point． D．They are scheduled for the weekend． 一看题干——确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体词) 二读原文——根据关键词定位信息句(画波浪线句) 三定答案——一一比对信息源：比较四种步行方案中的“Date and Time (日期和时间)”可知，这四种方案都被安排在周末。 自主解答：D A (2025·重庆三模) Summer holidays are coming around again．Guarantee your little one a summer break that will be fun as well as prepare them for the upcoming academic year ahead．Discover some of the best summer camps available across the city this year． ·Newton Show HK This science camp provider from Singapore has two original programmes in Hong Kong this summer．Sign up for The Most Hands-on Science for chemistry experiments and interactive activities，and the Harry Potter Science camps for activities inspired by wand-making，Quidditch matches，and potion brewing． Price：From $750 per week (varies by programme) ·Treasure Island Treasure Island has several activities lined up for the summer．The full-day surfing camps have three hours of surfing，a one-hour land-based beach safety session，ocean education，and games．The whole-day Summer Extreme Camps include camping，coastal activities，and a night-time journey for older children． Price：$5，680 for 5-day camp ·Camp Asia HK Camp Asia HK is offering diverse summer camps packed with interactive activities that aim to light your child's passion for an existing interest or get them to try something new．The programmes include a wide range of subjects，including coding，Intensive English，mathematics，STEM，sports，and more．Book before May 31 to enjoy the 10% early bird discount． Price：$4，880 for 5-day camp ·Faust Asia Faust's week-long summer camps will include various programmes．At the Summer Theatre programme，kids will learn drama skills using different themed stories as inspiration．Musical Theatre programme participants will become familiar with their voices，perform selected lines and songs，and learn choreography (编舞艺术) to accompany their singing and acting． Price：$3，480 (Ages 4＋)，$3，080(Ages 3-4) 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了香港四个适合儿童的暑期夏令营项目，涵盖科学、户外、多元学科等不同主题，并提供了价格与活动内容信息。 1．Which camp best suits an outdoor enthusiast? A．Newton Show HK．　　 B．Treasure Island． C．Camp Asia HK． D．Faust Asia． B　[细节理解题。根据Treasure Island部分中“The full-day surfing camps...for older children．”可知，Treasure Island提供冲浪、露营和沿海活动，最适合户外爱好者。故选B。] 2．How much would one pay to reserve Camp Asia HK on Apr．4? A．$3，480． B．$4，392． C．$4，880． D．$5，680． B　[细节理解题。根据Camp Asia HK部分中“Price：$4，880 for 5-day camp”以及“Book before May 31 to enjoy the 10% early bird discount．”可知，如果一个人在4月4日预订Camp Asia HK，他需要支付$4，880×90%＝$4，392。故选B。] 3．What will campers do in Faust Asia? A．Acquire drama techniques． B．Create theme-based stories． C．Produce original songs． D．Direct various plays． A　[细节理解题。根据Faust Asia部分中“At the Summer Theatre programme，kids will learn drama skills using different themed stories as inspiration．”可知，在Faust Asia夏令营参与者们将学习戏剧技巧。故选A。] B (2025·山东潍坊三模) Every year，tens of thousands of people around the world apply for research jobs armed with postgraduate qualifications and specialized knowledge，only for their carefully crafted applications to seemingly disappear into a digital blank．At the same time，recruiters (招聘者) report that they are unable to find appropriate candidates for open positions． One key cause of this mismatch is the perception that someone with science qualifications is fully qualified for research work．The reality is that，often，a PhD or a first postdoctoral post is corresponding to an entry-level qualification，with the holder needing further advice，guidance，mentoring and experience before they can work independently． Shifting generational priorities also play a part．For example，most current early-career scientists are millennials (千禧一代)，born between the early 1980s and mid-1990s．They are often digitally skilled and bring with them strong cooperation nature and a desire to see their work have societal impact．They also tend to value work-life balance and career flexibility，which might not always square with the priorities of the scientists interviewing them for jobs． Meanwhile，employers report that candidates often lack creative thinking，problem-solving and communication skills and qualities such as persistence，passion and determination． Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach．Universities and other research training institutions can do more to expand the focus of PhD training beyond the academic track．This means providing advice and guidance about what career paths and job opportunities might be available for researchers in companies，the public sector and non-governmental organizations．Employers need to consider the benefits of structured training for early-career researchers，as a way to boost critical thinking and analytical skills．This could be done by reproducing the training schemes commonly used by large technology，consulting，finance and legal firms． The path forward requires jobseekers and recruiters to understand each other better．Candidates would benefit from learning why recruiters are dissatisfied with the competence of applicants．Institutions，for their part，must see themselves as architects of scientific careers．This means acknowledging that professional preparation isn't a distraction from research excellence — it is an essential component of it． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了全球研究生学历求职者与职位供需不匹配的原因以及解决方法。 4．Why do postgraduates fail to find satisfying jobs? A．Inadequate academic preparation． B．Limited job information sources． C．Absence of proper job-seeking skills． D．Misjudgment of qualification suitability． D　[细节理解题。根据第二段可知，研究生找不到满意的工作是由于资质与岗位需求不匹配，人们认为拥有科学类学历就能完全具备从事研究工作的资格，但现实是博士学位或博士后学位仅相当于“入门资格”，持有者仍需更多建议、指导、谋划和经验，D项“资质适合性判断错误。”符合题意。故选D。] 5．Which priority of millennials affects their job-seeking? A．High cooperation ability． B．Emphasis on digital tech use． C．Pursuit of work-life balance． D．Freedom for mind and body． C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“They also tend to value work-life balance and career flexibility，which might not always square with the priorities of the scientists interviewing them for jobs．”可知，追求工作和生活的平衡对“千禧一代”求职有影响，故选C。] 6．What training should be given to PhD researchers? A．Career-related advice． B．General skill building． C．Financial management tips． D．Academic-focused guidance． A　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Universities and other research training institutions can do more to expand the focus of PhD training beyond the academic track...the public sector and non-governmental organizations．”可知，大学需扩展博士培训范围，提供职业指导。] 7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．Role of institutions in research． B．Importance of skill development． C．Discontent of recruiters with applicants． D．Significance of understanding each other． D　[段落大意题。最后一段首句即点明主旨：“The path forward requires jobseekers and recruiters to understand each other better．”后文通过“求职者需了解招聘方不满的原因”和“机构需将自己视为科学职业的设计者”进一步论证“相互理解”的必要性。选项 D“相互理解的重要性”直接对应首句核心观点，且涵盖求职者、招聘方、机构三方的互动关系，逻辑更完整。故选D。] 20 / 30 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $