内容正文:
小升初英语专题总复习
专题06 冠词
冠词(Article)是一种虚词,在句子中一般不重读,本身不能单独使用,只能与名词放在一起(一般用于名词之前)帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。英语中冠词包括不定冠词a/an、定冠词the、零冠词(即不使用冠词)。
考点一
不定冠词
(一)不定冠词概念:
用在单数可数名词前面,用于泛指一类人/物或同类事物中的某一个,表示“一”的意义,但不强调数目,只表示名词为不特定者。不定冠词有a和an两种形式。
(二)不定冠词的用法:
1.泛指一类名词中的某一个。
e.g. Give me a book, please. 请给我一本书。
His father is a policeman. 他父亲是一名警察。
2.代表某一类人或事物。
e.g. A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。
A student should study hard. 学生应该努力学习。
3.表示单位,相当于“每”的意思。
e.g. We have three meals a day. 我们每日吃三餐。
4.表示数量。
e.g. She has a mouth, a nose, and two eyes. 她有一张嘴,一个鼻子,两个眼睛。
5.固定短语。
a few 一些 a little 一点儿 in a minute 等一会
have a try 试一试 a lot of 许多
(三)不定冠词a和an的用法区别:
a用在以辅音音素开头的可数名词前
e.g. a schoolbag
an用在以元音音素开头的可数名词前
e.g. an eraser
注意:不看字母,看音素
考点再现
用不定冠词a/an填空。
1. ______ horse can run.
2. My father is ______ teacher. He is ______ old teacher.
3. That is ______ apple tree. It’s ______ small tree.
4. There is ______ "s" in "bus".
There is ______ "u" in "us".
过关训练
单项选择题。
( )1.—Where does your uncle work?
—He works in _______ university.
A.an B.a C.the
( )2.There is ________ activity book and ________ Chinese book on the desk.
A.a, a B.an, a C.the, a
( )3.There is ________ underground station near David’s home.
A.a B.an C./
( )4.My neighbor is _________ office worker.
A.a B.an C./
考点二
定冠词
定冠词放在名词前,主要用来特指某(些)人或某(些)事物,意为相当于汉语中的“这个;这些”。英语中定冠词只有the。
the在以元音音素开头的单词前读作/ði:/
如:the /ði:/ apple
在以辅音音素开头的单词前读作/ðə/
如:the /ðə/ pen
定冠词的用法
特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。
The book is mine. 这本书是我的。
指谈话双方都明确所知的人或事物。
Open the door, please. 请把门打开。
复述上文提过的人或事物(第一次提到用“a或an”,以后再次提到“the”)
Look! There is a cat on the chair. The cat is yellow.
看,椅子上有一只猫。猫是黄色的。
序数词和形容词最高级前。
Tom is the tallest in our class.
汤姆是我们班最高的。
表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物。
the sun 太阳 the earth 地球
表示方向、方位。
in the east 在东方 in the west 在西方
表示演奏乐器时,乐器的前面要加the。
play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴
用在姓氏的复数形式前,表示全家人。
the Blacks 布莱克一家人
固定表达。
in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午
注意:当序数词前出现形容词性物主代词,如my, your, his等时,则不用the
Today is my first day to school.
考点再现
单项选择
( )1.—Does Amy often play ______ violin?
—Yes, she plays it very well.
A.the B.a C./
( )2.—Can you play ______ erhu?
—No, but I can play ______ ping-pong.
A./; the B.the; / C.the; the
( )3.—Where are the _________?
—They’re on _________ floor.
A.classrooms; second B.classroom; the second C.classrooms; the second
( )4.There is ______ dog in the garden. ______ dog is so cute.
A.a; A B.the; A C.a; The
( )5.Look at ______ umbrella. It is new.
A./ B.a C.the D.two
过关训练
用“the”或“/”填空。
1.I can play ___________ basketball.
2.Can you play ___________ pipa?
3.I can’t play ___________ football.
4.She can play ___________ piano.
5.Zhang Peng can play ___________ ping-pong.
考点三
零冠词
在某些情况下,名词前面的冠词可以省略;也有一些情况,名词前面不用冠词。这种名词前面不用冠词的情况我们称之为零冠词。
1、一般在由一个词构成的国家、城市、地名、人名等专有名词前不用冠词。如:
China 中国 Canada 加拿大 Tian'anmen Square 天安门广场
2、在节假日、季节、星期等名词前;在节假日、季节、星期等名词前不用冠词。如:
Christmas 圣诞节 spring 春天 Monday 星期一
(中国传统节日前加the: the Spring Festival)
I love winter because Christmas is in winter.
我喜欢冬天,因为圣诞节在冬天。
3、不可数名词、复数名词前不加冠词时,表示一般的概念或是整一类事物。如:
Don't play with fire.不要玩火。
4、在表示三餐、球类运动、游戏等名词前不用冠词,如:
have breakfast 吃早餐 play football 踢足球 play chess 下棋
Let's play football after lunch. 我们吃完午饭后去踢球吧。
5、在表示称呼语或表示官职、头衔等名词前不用冠词。如:
Mr.Green 格林先生 Ms.White 怀特女士
Professor Li 李教授 Doctor Wang 王医生
Uncle Green 格林叔叔 Aunt Polly 波莉姑妈
考点再现
单项选择
( )1.—Can you play ______ erhu?
—No, but I can play ______ ping-pong.
A./; the B.the; / C.the; the
( )2.I don’t have my ______ book with me.
A.maths B.the math C.a maths
( )3.Grandma makes ________ breakfast for me every morning.
A.a B.an C./
( )4.Liu Tao can’t play ______ piano, but he can play ______ table tennis.
A./; the B.the; / C.the; the
过关训练
用适当的冠词填空,不填用 ”/” 表示。
1. We watch TV in ______ evening.
2. He is writing ______ letter.
3. I often swim in ______ August.
4. Beijing is the capital of ______ China.
5. I have ______ English book. _____ book is new.
一、选用a或an填空,不需要填的地方用“/”。
1. ________ English girl 2.________ young man
3. ________ sunny day 4.________ nice soup
5. ________ paper 6.________ beautiful flower
7. ________ old car 8.________ art lesson
9. ________ hot water 10.________ middle school
二、用a、an或the填空,不需要的地方画“/”。
1. Listen to ______ teacher, please.
2. On ______ Children’s Day, children sing and dance happily.
3. Spring Festival is ______ most important festival in ______ China.
4. Please give me ______ pen. I left ______ my pen home.
5. It’s ______ rainy day. The children are playing in the rain.
6.Her father is ________ worker. He is ________ good worker.
7.Zhang Hong, can you show me ________ way to the library?
8.This is ________ hard question. Nobody can answer it.
9.Li Ming goes to school by ________ bicycle every day.
10.Her friend sends her ________ email every day.
11. Let’s play ______ game “Simon says”.
12. What ________ fine weather we have today!
13. This is ________ apple. It’s _________ big apple.
14. This is ________ orange. _________ orange is on the table.
15. This is ________ green orange. That is ________ old pear tree.
16. After ________ supper, he stayed at home and played _______ violin.
三、单项选择。
( ) 1.I can see _______ old boat on the river. Let me draw _______ boat first.
A.an; a B.a; an C.an; the D.a; the
( ) 2.—Look! There’s _______ umbrella on the table.
—Yes. There is a pair of glasses on _______ table too.
A.a; a B.an; the C.a; the D.an; a
( ) 3.There is ____“l” in the word “only”.
A.a B.an C.the D./
( ) 4.This is ______ eraser. ______ eraser is nice.
A.an; The B.a; The C.the; An D.an; A
( ) 5.Look at _________ American girl. She does well in playing _________ violin.
A.an; the B.the; / C.an; / D.the; the
( ) 6.Sunday is ______ day of a week.
A.seventh B.the seventh C.first D.the first
( ) 7.I love ______ Chinese food. It’s famous all over ______ world.
A.the; the B.the; / C./; the D./; /
( ) 8.I have _______ English friend. He likes playing _______ football.
A.a; the B.an; / C.an; the D.a; /
( ) 9.______ orange basketball on the table is Mr Wood’s. He likes playing _____ basketball very much.
A.An; the B.The; the C.The; / D.An; /
( ) 10.Let’s take a look _______ the timetable. I have ________ ICT class in the morning.
A.at; the B.on; a C.at; an D.for; the
( ) 11.I know ______ Italian restaurant. And the pizza in ______ Italian restaurant is nice.
A.an; the B.an; an C.the; the D.the; an
( ) 12.I think music is ________ important subject and I can play ________ piano very well.
A.an; a B.a; an C.an; the D.a; /
( ) 13.There are ______ reading rooms on ______ floor.
A.third; the three B.three; third C.three; the third D.the three; third
( ) 14.Look at the map of China and find ____ interesting place to visit.
A.a B.an C.the D./
( ) 15.Look at the photo. Dad is teaching ______ eight-year-old me how to make tea.
A./ B.a C.an D.the
答案与解析
考点一:
考点再现:1.a; 2. a; an; 3. an; a; 4. an; a。
过关训练:B; B; B;B;
考点二:
考点再现:A;B;C;C;C
过关训练:1. / 2. the 3. / 4. the 5. /
考点三:
考点再现:B;A;C;B
过关训练:1. the; 2. a;3. /;4. /;5. an; The
一、选用 a 或 an 填空,不需要填的地方用 “/”
1.an 2. a 3. a 4. / 5. / 6. a 7. an 8. an 9. / 10. a
二、用 a、an 或 the 填空,不需要的地方画 “/”
1.the 2. / 3. the; / 4. a; / 5. a 6. a; a 7. the 8. a 9. / 10. an
11.the 12. / 13. an; a 14. an; The 15. a; an 16. /; the
三、单项选择。
1. C:old /əʊld/ 元音音素开头→an;第二空特指前文提到的那艘船→the;
2. B:umbrella /ʌmˈbrelə/ 元音音素开头→an;第二空特指双方都看到的那张桌子→the;
3. B:字母l /el/ 元音音素开头,表“一个字母l”→an;
4. A:eraser /ɪˈreɪzə/ 元音音素开头→an;第二空特指前文的橡皮→The;
5. D:第一空特指“那个美国女孩”(双方明确的对象)→the;乐器violin前加the→the;
6. D:序数词(first/第七seventh)前必须加the;英语中周日是一周的第一天→the first;
7. C:Chinese food(中国食物)表泛指,不可数→/;固定搭配all over the world(全世界),the不可省;
8. B:English /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ 元音音素开头→an;球类(football足球)前用零冠词→/;
9. C:第一空特指“桌子上的那个橙色篮球”→The;球类basketball前用零冠词→/;
10. C:固定搭配take a look at(看……);ICT /ˌaɪ siː ˈtiː/ 元音音素开头→an;
11. A:Italian /ɪˈtæliən/ 元音音素开头,第一次提“一家意大利餐厅”表泛指→an;第二空特指前文提到的这家餐厅→the;
12. C:important /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/ 元音音素开头,表“一门重要的学科”→an;乐器piano前加the→the;
13. C:第一空表数量“三个”,用基数词three;第二空表“第三层”,序数词third前加the→the third;
14. B:interesting /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ 元音音素开头,表“一个有趣的地方”,泛指→an;
15. A:代词me前有定语eight-year-old修饰,代词前永远不加冠词→/。
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