第02讲 2026年人教版中考复习教材梳理（导学案知识总结+练习题）（解析卷+原卷版）

该初中英语中考复习导学案系统整合七下至九全5个核心单元，围绕交通方式、个人特质等主题，构建“单元主题-高频词汇-重点词组-语法考点-语篇应用”的递进知识体系，通过词汇适当形式填空、语境短文填空等任务驱动活动，引导学生自主梳理How疑问句、形容词比较级等核心语法，建立完整知识网络。 亮点在于“语境化识词”与“分层素养演练”设计，如“课文回归语境识词”短文填空活动培养语言能力，语法考点配备模拟演练与即时练帮助自主诊断，综合素养分核心知识运用、语篇能力提升（完形、阅读）等层次，助力学生个性化复习，教师可通过分层练习数据实施精准教学，有效提升备考实效。

2026年人教版中考复习教材梳理第二讲 （导学案知识总结+练习题） 第一部分：单元整合导学案知识点总结 一、教材章节单元链接与主题维度 单元 话题 交际功能 语法聚焦 核心素养指向 七下 U3 交通方式 询问与描述出行方式 How引导的特殊疑问句 语言能力、思维品质(分析比较) 八上 U3 个人特质 比较人物性格外貌 形容词比较级 文化意识(尊重差异)、思维品质(对比) 八下 U2 志愿服务 提供帮助与谈论志愿活动 动词不定式作宾语、目的状语 学习能力(实践运用)、思维品质(评价) 八下 U3 家庭责任 提出请求与征求许可 Could表示礼貌请求 语言能力、文化意识(家庭观念) 九全 U10 社交礼仪 谈论不同文化习俗 be supposed to 结构 文化意识(包容理解)、跨文化交际能力 二、高频词汇拓展 请根据提示完成下列词汇的适当形式： 1.ride (v.) → ________ (过去式) 骑 2.far (adj.) → ________ (比较级) 更远的 3.minute (n.) → 复数 ________ 4.outgoing (adj.) → ________ (比较级) 更外向的 5.win (v.) → ________ (过去式) 赢 → ________ (名词) 胜利 6.volunteer (n.) → ________ (动词) 自愿做 7.satisfy (v.) → ________ (形容词，感到满意的) → ________ (名词) 满足感 8.fold (v.) → ________ (过去式) 折叠 9.mess (n.) → ________ (形容词) 混乱的 10.suppose (v.) → ________ (被动结构：应该) 11.greet (v.) → ________ (名词) 问候 12.polite (adj.) → ________ (反义词) 粗鲁的 13.depend (v.) → ________ (名词) 依赖 14.compare (v.) → ________ (名词) 比较 15.arrive (v.) → ________ (名词) 到达 三、重点词组活用 A. 英译汉：将下列词组翻译成中文 1. walk to school → ________ 2. be the same as → ________ 3. take care of → ________ 4. give out → ________ 5. depend on → ________ 6. clean up → ________ 7. take out the rubbish → ________ 8. set the table → ________ 9. drop by → ________ 10. on time → ________ B. 汉译英：将下列中文翻译成英文词组 1. 与...不同 → ________ 2. 关心他人 → ________ 3. 分发食物 → ________ 4. 打扫城市公园 → ________ 5. 做家务 → ________ 6. 摆餐具 → ________ 7. 顺便拜访 → ________ 8. 准时到达 → ________ 9. 握手 → ________ 10. 遵守规则 → ________ 四、课文回归语境识词 阅读下面短文，用本讲所学词汇的适当形式填空： Last summer, I _1_______ (volunteer) at a community center. My job was to ___2_____ (take care) of the children while their parents were at work. At first, I felt quite ____3____ (nervous) because I'm not as ___4_____ (outgoing) as my sister. However, I soon found that the children were very friendly. One day, a little girl named Lily came to me and said, "Could you please ___5_____ (help) me with my drawing?" I was ___6_____ (suppose) to help with homework, but I decided to ___7_____ (spend) some time with her. We drew together for an hour, and I felt a great sense of ____8____ (satisfy) when she smiled. Through this experience, I learned that helping others doesn't require you to be the ____9____ (good) at everything. Sometimes, just being there and __10______ (listen) is enough. Now, I __11______ (regular) volunteer at the center, and I've made many new friends. 五、语法考点突破 知识点1：形容词比较级 (☆☆☆) 考点透析： 1. 规则变化： · 单音节词和部分双音节词：+er (tall → taller) · 以e结尾：+r (nice → nicer) · 辅音字母+y结尾：变y为i+er (happy → happier) · 重读闭音节：双写最后一个字母+er (big → bigger) · 多音节词和部分双音节词：more + 原级 (beautiful → more beautiful) 2. 不规则变化： · good/well → better · bad/ill → worse · many/much → more · little → less · far → farther/further 3. 比较级句型： · A is + 比较级 + than B (Tom is taller than Mike.) · Which is + 比较级, A or B? (Which is bigger, the apple or the orange?) · much/a little/far/even + 比较级 (This book is much more interesting than that one.) 模拟演练题 1. —Which kind of movies do you prefer, action movies or comedies? —I like action movies _____. A. well B. better C. the better D. the best 2. The grapes are very ________ and they also taste good. A. easy B. lazy C. boring D. fresh 3. After taking tennis classes，Tim is much ________than last year. A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest 即时练 1. My brother is ________ than me. He always helps others. A. more helpful B. helpful C. most helpful D. helpfuller 2. Which city is ________, Beijing or Shanghai? A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 3. The weather today is ________ worse than yesterday. A. very B. much C. more D. most 知识点2：动词不定式 (☆☆☆) 考点透析： 1.作宾语：want/hope/decide/learn + to do · I want to be a teacher when I grow up. · She decided to study abroad. 2.作目的状语：do sth. to achieve a goal · He works hard to get good grades. · We save money to buy a new car. 3.疑问词+不定式：how/what/when/where/which + to do · I don't know how to solve this problem. · Can you tell me where to put these books? 4.固定搭配： · It's + adj. + to do (It's important to learn English.) · too...to... (He is too young to go to school.) · ...enough to... (She is old enough to drive.) 模拟演练题 1. “ClimateGPT” is used ________ people with a good understanding of weather conditions. A．provides B．providing C．provided D．to provide 2. Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University. A．studies B．studying C．to study 3. During the holiday of the Dragon Boat Festival, many people gather in Mochou Lake Park ________ the dragon boat races. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 即时练 1. My dream is ________ a doctor in the future. A. become B. becomes C. to become D. becoming 2. The book is easy enough for children ________. A. understand B. understands C. to understand D. understanding 3. Could you tell me how ________ this computer? A. use B. using C. to use D. used 知识点3：情态动词 could, should, must 表请求、建议与义务 (☆☆☆) 考点透析： 1. could：委婉请求（比can更礼貌） · Could you please open the window? · Could I use your phone? 2. should：建议或义务（应该） · You should eat more vegetables. · We should arrive on time. 3. must：强烈必要性或命令（必须） · You must finish your homework before watching TV. · Students must wear uniforms at school. 4. 辨析： · could vs. can：could更礼貌，can更直接 · should vs. shall：should表建议，shall表将来或征求意见 · must vs. have to：must强调主观必须，have to强调客观需要 模拟演练题 1. The public sign in the library means people ________ smoke there. A. could B. must C. couldn't D. mustn't 2. —________ I take photos here? —Sorry, you can't. It's not allowed in the museum. A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will 3. —Do I have to hand in my report now? —Of course, you ________. We're going to discuss it. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't 4. As we know, sixteen-year-olds ________ drive a car in our country. A．must B．could C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 5. —I can’t find my dictionary. ________ I use yours?—Sure, here you are. A．Need B．May C．Must D．Should 即时练 1. You ________ wash your hands before eating. It's good for your health. A. could B. should C. would D. might 2. Students ________ be quiet in the library. A. can B. may C. must D. could 3. — Mom, ________ I go out to play now?— No, you ________ finish your homework first. A. could; must B. can; should C. may; could D. must; can 4. When you visit a foreign country, you ________ learn about their customs. A. could B. would C. should D. might 5. — ________ you help me with this heavy box?— Sorry, I'm busy now. A. Must B. Should C. Could D. Would 6. We ________ respect our teachers and parents. A. can B. may C. must D. could 7. If you want to keep healthy, you ________ exercise regularly. A. could B. should C. would D. might 8. — ________ I borrow your dictionary?— Of course. Here you are. A. Must B. Should C. Could D. Would 第二部分：综合素养分层演练练习题 (Exercises) 一、核心知识运用 A. 单项选择 (共15小题，每小题1分) ( )1.— How do you usually go to school? — I usually ________ to school. It's good exercise. A. walk B. walks C. walked D. walking ( )2.My sister is ________ than me. She has more friends. A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. most outgoing D. outgoinger ( )3.— Could you please ________ the city park with us this Saturday? — Sure, I'd love to. A. clean up B. clean out C. clean with D. clean for ( )4.In Japan, people ________ bow when they meet for the first time. A. suppose to B. are supposed C. are supposed to D. supposed ( )5.— Mom, ________ I watch TV for a while? — No, you ________ finish your homework first. A. could; must B. can; should C. may; could D. must; can ( )6.We decided ________ at the old people's home last weekend. A. volunteer B. to volunteer C. volunteering D. volunteered ( )7.It's important ________ others when they need help. A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping ( )8.— How often do you ________ your room?— Once a week. A. clean up B. take out C. fold up D. set up ( )9.My best friend is ________ me in many ways. We both like reading. A. different from B. the same as C. better than D. worse than ( )10.You should ________ your parents when they are busy with housework. A. take care of B. depend on C. give out D. help out ( )11.— What are you supposed to do when you visit someone's home in China? — You're supposed to ________. A. arrive late B. take a small gift C. wear casual clothes D. make noise ( )12.The students are planning ________ food at the food bank next week. A. give out B. giving out C. to give out D. gives out ( )13.— ________ do you exercise?— Three times a week. A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How soon ( )14.It's polite ________ "please" and "thank you" when you ask for help. A. say B. says C. to say D. saying ( )15.I feel a sense of ________ when I help others. A. satisfy B. satisfied C. satisfying D. satisfaction B. 词汇运用 (共15小题，每小题1分) 第一部分：根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 16.In Switzerland, it's very important to be on t________. 17.Could you please f________ your clothes? They're all over the floor. 18.We should r________ our teachers and parents. 19.Volunteering gives me a strong feeling of s________. 20.It's i________ to keep others waiting. 第二部分：用所给单词的适当形式填空 21.My brother is much ________ (tall) than me. 22.She wants ________ (be) a volunteer in the hospital. 23.You're ________ (suppose) to shake hands in the United States. 24.The children were ________ (excite) when they saw the animals. 25.Could you please ________ (not make) so much noise? 26.This is the ________ (good) book I've ever read. 27.I need ________ (learn) how to cook. 28.He always helps ________ (clean) up the classroom. 29.It's ________ (polite) to talk with your mouth full. 30.We had a ________ (wonder) time at the party last night. 二、语篇能力提升 语篇A：完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分) I used to be a shy boy who always stayed at home playing video games. I didn't have many friends and often felt 31 . My parents were worried about me and suggested that I try volunteering. At first, I was nervous about 32 new people. But my mom said, "Just try it once." So I signed up to help at a community center. My job was to 33 the books in the library and help children with their reading. On my first day, I met Mr. Lee, the manager. He was very 34 and showed me around. "Don't worry," he said. "Everyone is friendly here." I was 35 to organize the books by their titles and authors. It was boring at first, but I soon found it interesting. The best part was helping the children. There was a boy named Tim who 36 reading. He was only seven years old but wanted to read chapter books. I sat with him every Tuesday and Thursday, helping him with difficult words. Slowly, I saw his reading skills 37 . As weeks passed, I noticed something 38 happening to me too. I became more confident. I started 39 to other volunteers and even made some friends. The children's smiles made me feel 40 and useful. One day, Tim's mother came to thank me. "Tim loves coming here now," she said. "His teacher says his reading has improved a lot. Thank you for your 41 ." I felt so proud that I could help. Now, I volunteer every week. I've learned that helping others doesn't just benefit them—it helps me too. I've become more 42 , made new friends, and discovered that I enjoy working with children. My parents say I'm like a 43 person. Volunteering has taught me important 44 : patience, responsibility, and the joy of giving. I would 45 everyone to try volunteering. You might be surprised at how much you can grow. ( )31.A. happy B. lonely C. excited D. angry ( )32.A. meeting B. meet C. met D. meets ( )33.A. read B. buy C. organize D. write ( )34.A. strict B. friendly C. serious D. rude ( )35.A. supposed B. asked C. told D. forced ( )36.A. hated B. loved C. finished D. started ( )37.A. improve B. drop C. disappear D. change ( )38.A. bad B. strange C. funny D. wonderful ( )39.A. talking B. to talk C. talk D. talked ( )40.A. tired B. bored C. happy D. sad ( )41.A. money B. time C. book D. help ( )42.A. shy B. outgoing C. lazy D. quiet ( )43.A. different B. same C. bad D. young ( )44.A. subjects B. lessons C. games D. stories ( )45.A. order B. encourage C. force D. warn 语篇B：语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1分) Last year, I went to France as an exchange student. It was an exciting but challenging experience. I learned that different countries have different customs and manners. When I first arrived at my host family's house, I made several mistakes. I was 46 (suppose) to arrive at 6:00 pm, but I arrived at 6:30 because of the heavy traffic. In France, it's very important 47 (be) on time. My host mother looked a little unhappy but she was still polite. At dinner, I made another mistake. In China, we usually start eating when everyone is served. But in France, you're supposed 48 (wait) until the host says "Bon appétit" (enjoy your meal). I started eating immediately, and everyone looked at me 49 (strange). The next day, I met my host family's friends. When I was introduced to an older lady, I held out my hand to shake hands. But in France, people often kiss on both cheeks when they meet friends. The lady looked surprised but she kissed me on 50 cheek. I felt so embarrassed! These experiences taught me 51 important lesson. Before visiting a foreign country, it's necessary 52 (learn) about their customs. Now, I always research a country's manners before I travel there. I also learned that when you make a mistake in a foreign country, most people 53 (understand). They know you're trying to learn. The important thing is to be respectful and willing 54 (learn). My time in France was wonderful. I made many friends and learned about French culture. Most importantly, I learned to appreciate cultural differences. Now, I'm more careful about 55 (follow) local customs when I travel. 语篇C：阅读理解 (共5小题，每小题2分) Personal space is the distance people keep between themselves and others. Different cultures have different ideas about how much personal space is comfortable. In some countries like the United States and England, people prefer more personal space. When talking to someone, they usually stand about an arm's length away. If you stand too close, they might feel uncomfortable and step back. In these cultures, personal space is seen as important for privacy and independence. However, in many Latin American and Middle Eastern countries, people stand much closer when talking. They might touch each other's arms or stand shoulder to shoulder. This doesn't mean they're being rude—it's just their cultural norm. In these cultures, closeness shows friendship and trust. In Japan, personal space is also important, but for different reasons. Japanese people often bow instead of shaking hands or hugging. The bow shows respect and maintains a comfortable distance. Even on crowded trains, Japanese people try to avoid eye contact with strangers to give them psychological space. Understanding these differences is important for cross-cultural communication. When you're in a foreign country, observe how locals interact. Try to follow their lead. If someone seems uncomfortable with how close you're standing, take a small step back. If someone stands closer than you're used to, try not to step away—they might think you're unfriendly. Remember, there's no "right" or "wrong" amount of personal space. It's all about cultural differences. The key is to be aware of these differences and respect them when interacting with people from other cultures. ( )56.What is personal space according to the passage? A. The room where people live alone. B. The distance people keep between themselves and others. C. The time people spend by themselves. D. The things people don't want to share with others. ( )57.In which countries do people prefer more personal space? A. Latin American countries. B. Middle Eastern countries. C. The United States and England. D. Japan and China. ( )58.Why do people in some cultures stand close when talking? A. Because they don't have enough space. B. Because it shows friendship and trust. C. Because they can't hear each other well. D. Because it's required by their religion. ( )59.How do Japanese people usually greet each other? A. By shaking hands. B. By hugging. C. By kissing on the cheek. D. By bowing. ( )60.What should you do when you're in a foreign country according to the passage? A. Always keep a big personal space. B. Observe how locals interact and follow their lead. C. Tell people your personal space preferences. D. Avoid talking to people from different cultures. 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年人教版中考复习教材梳理第二讲 （导学案知识总结+练习题） 第一部分：单元整合导学案知识点总结 一、教材章节单元链接与主题维度 单元 话题 交际功能 语法聚焦 核心素养指向 七下 U3 交通方式 询问与描述出行方式 How引导的特殊疑问句 语言能力、思维品质(分析比较) 八上 U3 个人特质 比较人物性格外貌 形容词比较级 文化意识(尊重差异)、思维品质(对比) 八下 U2 志愿服务 提供帮助与谈论志愿活动 动词不定式作宾语、目的状语 学习能力(实践运用)、思维品质(评价) 八下 U3 家庭责任 提出请求与征求许可 Could表示礼貌请求 语言能力、文化意识(家庭观念) 九全 U10 社交礼仪 谈论不同文化习俗 be supposed to 结构 文化意识(包容理解)、跨文化交际能力 二、高频词汇拓展 请根据提示完成下列词汇的适当形式： 1.ride (v.) → ________ (过去式) 骑 2.far (adj.) → ________ (比较级) 更远的 3.minute (n.) → 复数 ________ 4.outgoing (adj.) → ________ (比较级) 更外向的 5.win (v.) → ________ (过去式) 赢 → ________ (名词) 胜利 6.volunteer (n.) → ________ (动词) 自愿做 7.satisfy (v.) → ________ (形容词，感到满意的) → ________ (名词) 满足感 8.fold (v.) → ________ (过去式) 折叠 9.mess (n.) → ________ (形容词) 混乱的 10.suppose (v.) → ________ (被动结构：应该) 11.greet (v.) → ________ (名词) 问候 12.polite (adj.) → ________ (反义词) 粗鲁的 13.depend (v.) → ________ (名词) 依赖 14.compare (v.) → ________ (名词) 比较 15.arrive (v.) → ________ (名词) 到达 答案1. rode 2. farther/further 3. minutes 4. more outgoing 5. won；winner 6. volunteer 7. satisfied；satisfaction 8. folded 9. messy 10. supposed 11. greeting 12. impolite 13. dependence 14. comparison 15. arrival 三、重点词组活用 A. 英译汉：将下列词组翻译成中文 1. walk to school → ________ 2. be the same as → ________ 3. take care of → ________ 4. give out → ________ 5. depend on → ________ 6. clean up → ________ 7. take out the rubbish → ________ 8. set the table → ________ 9. drop by → ________ 10. on time → ________ 答案：1. 步行去上学 2. 与…… 一样 3. 照顾；照看 4. 分发；散发 5. 依靠；依赖 6. 打扫干净 7. 倒垃圾 8. 摆餐具 9. 顺便拜访 10. 准时 B. 汉译英：将下列中文翻译成英文词组 1. 与...不同 → ________ 2. 关心他人 → ________ 3. 分发食物 → ________ 4. 打扫城市公园 → ________ 5. 做家务 → ________ 6. 摆餐具 → ________ 7. 顺便拜访 → ________ 8. 准时到达 → ________ 9. 握手 → ________ 10. 遵守规则 → ________ 答案：1. be different from 2. care about others 3. give out food 4. clean up the city park 5. do housework 6. set the table 7. drop by 8. arrive on time 9. shake hands 10. follow the rules 四、课文回归语境识词 阅读下面短文，用本讲所学词汇的适当形式填空： Last summer, I _1_______ (volunteer) at a community center. My job was to ___2_____ (take care) of the children while their parents were at work. At first, I felt quite ____3____ (nervous) because I'm not as ___4_____ (outgoing) as my sister. However, I soon found that the children were very friendly. One day, a little girl named Lily came to me and said, "Could you please ___5_____ (help) me with my drawing?" I was ___6_____ (suppose) to help with homework, but I decided to ___7_____ (spend) some time with her. We drew together for an hour, and I felt a great sense of ____8____ (satisfy) when she smiled. Through this experience, I learned that helping others doesn't require you to be the ____9____ (good) at everything. Sometimes, just being there and __10______ (listen) is enough. Now, I __11______ (regular) volunteer at the center, and I've made many new friends. 答案与解析： 1. Last summer 过去时 → volunteered 2. to 后接原形 → take care 3. feel + 形容词 → nervous 4. as + 原级 + as → outgoing 5. Could you please + 原形 → help 6. be supposed to 固定搭配 → supposed 7. decide to + 原形 → spend 8. a sense of + 名词 → satisfaction 9. the + 最高级 → best 10. and 连接并列结构，与 being 对应 → listening 11. 修饰动词 volunteer 用副词 → regularly 五、语法考点突破 知识点1：形容词比较级 (☆☆☆) 考点透析： 1. 规则变化： · 单音节词和部分双音节词：+er (tall → taller) · 以e结尾：+r (nice → nicer) · 辅音字母+y结尾：变y为i+er (happy → happier) · 重读闭音节：双写最后一个字母+er (big → bigger) · 多音节词和部分双音节词：more + 原级 (beautiful → more beautiful) 2. 不规则变化： · good/well → better · bad/ill → worse · many/much → more · little → less · far → farther/further 3. 比较级句型： · A is + 比较级 + than B (Tom is taller than Mike.) · Which is + 比较级, A or B? (Which is bigger, the apple or the orange?) · much/a little/far/even + 比较级 (This book is much more interesting than that one.) 模拟演练题 1. —Which kind of movies do you prefer, action movies or comedies? —I like action movies _____. A. well B. better C. the better D. the best 2. The grapes are very ________ and they also taste good. A. easy B. lazy C. boring D. fresh 3. After taking tennis classes，Tim is much ________than last year. A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest 答案及解析： 1.B. better 解析：题干中 action movies or comedies 是两者比较，需用比较级；well 的比较级为 better，符合“两者之中更喜欢某一个”的语境，the better 不可单独使用，故选B。 2.D. fresh 解析：结合后半句“they also taste good”（它们尝起来也很好），可知此处需填描述葡萄特质的形容词；fresh（新鲜的）符合语境，easy（容易的）、lazy（懒惰的）、boring（无聊的）均与句意不符，故选D。 3.B. stronger 解析：句中有 much 和 than，提示用形容词比较级；strong 是单音节词，比较级直接加 er 变为 stronger，意为“Tim 上了网球课后，比去年强壮多了”，故选B。 即时练 1. My brother is ________ than me. He always helps others. A. more helpful B. helpful C. most helpful D. helpfuller 2. Which city is ________, Beijing or Shanghai? A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 3. The weather today is ________ worse than yesterday. A. very B. much C. more D. most 答案与解析 1. 答案：A. more helpful解析：句中有 than，要用形容词比较级；helpful 是多音节词，比较级为 more helpful。 2. 答案：B. larger 解析：Beijing or Shanghai 是两者比较，用比较级 larger。 3. 答案：B. much解析：worse 已经是比较级，much 可以修饰比较级，表示 “…… 得多”。 知识点2：动词不定式 (☆☆☆) 考点透析： 1.作宾语：want/hope/decide/learn + to do · I want to be a teacher when I grow up. · She decided to study abroad. 2.作目的状语：do sth. to achieve a goal · He works hard to get good grades. · We save money to buy a new car. 3.疑问词+不定式：how/what/when/where/which + to do · I don't know how to solve this problem. · Can you tell me where to put these books? 4.固定搭配： · It's + adj. + to do (It's important to learn English.) · too...to... (He is too young to go to school.) · ...enough to... (She is old enough to drive.) 模拟演练题 1. “ClimateGPT” is used ________ people with a good understanding of weather conditions. A．provides B．providing C．provided D．to provide 2. Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University. A．studies B．studying C．to study 3. During the holiday of the Dragon Boat Festival, many people gather in Mochou Lake Park ________ the dragon boat races. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 答案及解析: 1. D. to provide 解析：固定搭配 be used to do sth.（被用来做某事），不定式 to do 作目的状语，句意“ClimateGPT 被用来帮助人们更好地了解天气状况”，故选D。 2. C. to study 解析：考点透析中明确 hope 后接不定式 to do，即 hope to do sth.（希望做某事），句意“琪琪希望在四川大学学习医学”，故选C。 3. B. to watch 解析：不定式 to do 作目的状语，结合语境“端午节期间，很多人聚集在莫愁湖公园是为了观看龙舟比赛”，故选B。 即时练 1. My dream is ________ a doctor in the future. A. become B. becomes C. to become D. becoming 2. The book is easy enough for children ________. A. understand B. understands C. to understand D. understanding 3. Could you tell me how ________ this computer? A. use B. using C. to use D. used 答案和解析 1. 答案：C. to become 解析：dream is to do sth. 梦想是做某事，不定式 to do 放在 be 动词后作表语，表示将来的目标。 2. 答案：C. to understand 解析：固定句型：**主语 + be + 形容词 + enough + for sb. + to do（对某人来说足够……去做）。 3. 答案：C. to use 解析：疑问词 + to do（how to use）作 tell 的宾语，意为“怎样使用”。 知识点3：情态动词 could, should, must 表请求、建议与义务 (☆☆☆) 考点透析： 1. could：委婉请求（比can更礼貌） · Could you please open the window? · Could I use your phone? 2. should：建议或义务（应该） · You should eat more vegetables. · We should arrive on time. 3. must：强烈必要性或命令（必须） · You must finish your homework before watching TV. · Students must wear uniforms at school. 4. 辨析： · could vs. can：could更礼貌，can更直接 · should vs. shall：should表建议，shall表将来或征求意见 · must vs. have to：must强调主观必须，have to强调客观需要 模拟演练题 1. The public sign in the library means people ________ smoke there. A. could B. must C. couldn't D. mustn't 2. —________ I take photos here? —Sorry, you can't. It's not allowed in the museum. A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will 3. —Do I have to hand in my report now? —Of course, you ________. We're going to discuss it. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't 4. As we know, sixteen-year-olds ________ drive a car in our country. A．must B．could C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 5. —I can’t find my dictionary. ________ I use yours?—Sure, here you are. A．Need B．May C．Must D．Should 答案和解析 1. D. mustn't 解析：图书馆的公共标识通常禁止吸烟，mustn't 表示“禁止、不允许”，语气强烈，符合公共场所规则的语境；couldn't 表示“过去不能”，不符合此处一般现在时的场景，故选D。 2. C. Can 解析：结合答句“Sorry, you can't”，可知问句是委婉请求“我能在这里拍照吗”，Can 用于征求许可，符合语境；Must（必须）、Need（需要）、Will（将要）均不符合答句的回应逻辑，故选C。 3. C. must 解析：问句“Do I have to...”（我必须……吗），答句“Of course”（当然）提示此处是“必须”，must 强调主观上的必要性，符合“我们要讨论报告，所以必须现在提交”的语境，故选C。 4. C. mustn’t 解析：根据常识，我国16岁青少年不允许开车，mustn’t 表示“禁止”，符合法律和规则的强制要求；couldn’t 表示“过去不能”，此处描述的是客观规则，用一般现在时，故选C。 5. B. May 解析：结合答句“Sure, here you are”，可知问句是委婉请求“我可以用你的字典吗”，May 用于委婉征求许可，语气比 can 更礼貌；Need（需要）、Must（必须）、Should（应该）均不符合请求的语境，故选B。 即时练 1. You ________ wash your hands before eating. It's good for your health. A. could B. should C. would D. might 2. Students ________ be quiet in the library. A. can B. may C. must D. could 3. — Mom, ________ I go out to play now?— No, you ________ finish your homework first. A. could; must B. can; should C. may; could D. must; can 4. When you visit a foreign country, you ________ learn about their customs. A. could B. would C. should D. might 5. — ________ you help me with this heavy box?— Sorry, I'm busy now. A. Must B. Should C. Could D. Would 6. We ________ respect our teachers and parents. A. can B. may C. must D. could 7. If you want to keep healthy, you ________ exercise regularly. A. could B. should C. would D. might 8. — ________ I borrow your dictionary?— Of course. Here you are. A. Must B. Should C. Could D. Would 答案和解析 1. 答案：B. should 解析：should 表示“应该”，用于给出建议，饭前洗手是健康建议。 2. 答案：C. must 解析：must 表示“必须”，图书馆必须保持安静，是规定、义务。 3. 答案：A. could; must解析：第一空 could 表委婉请求“我能出去玩吗”；第二空 must 表“必须”先完成作业。 4. 答案：C. should 解析：should 表建议，去外国应该了解当地习俗。 5. 答案：C. Could 解析：Could you...? 是礼貌请求“你能帮我搬箱子吗”。 6. 答案：C. must 解析：must 表“必须”，尊敬师长是基本义务。 7. 答案：B. should 解析：should 表建议，想保持健康就应该规律锻炼。 8. 答案：C. Could 解析：Could I...? 礼貌请求“我能借你的字典吗”。 第二部分：综合素养分层演练练习题 (Exercises) 一、核心知识运用 A. 单项选择 (共15小题，每小题1分) ( )1.— How do you usually go to school? — I usually ________ to school. It's good exercise. A. walk B. walks C. walked D. walking ( )2.My sister is ________ than me. She has more friends. A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. most outgoing D. outgoinger ( )3.— Could you please ________ the city park with us this Saturday? — Sure, I'd love to. A. clean up B. clean out C. clean with D. clean for ( )4.In Japan, people ________ bow when they meet for the first time. A. suppose to B. are supposed C. are supposed to D. supposed ( )5.— Mom, ________ I watch TV for a while? — No, you ________ finish your homework first. A. could; must B. can; should C. may; could D. must; can ( )6.We decided ________ at the old people's home last weekend. A. volunteer B. to volunteer C. volunteering D. volunteered ( )7.It's important ________ others when they need help. A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping ( )8.— How often do you ________ your room?— Once a week. A. clean up B. take out C. fold up D. set up ( )9.My best friend is ________ me in many ways. We both like reading. A. different from B. the same as C. better than D. worse than ( )10.You should ________ your parents when they are busy with housework. A. take care of B. depend on C. give out D. help out ( )11.— What are you supposed to do when you visit someone's home in China? — You're supposed to ________. A. arrive late B. take a small gift C. wear casual clothes D. make noise ( )12.The students are planning ________ food at the food bank next week. A. give out B. giving out C. to give out D. gives out ( )13.— ________ do you exercise?— Three times a week. A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How soon ( )14.It's polite ________ "please" and "thank you" when you ask for help. A. say B. says C. to say D. saying ( )15.I feel a sense of ________ when I help others. A. satisfy B. satisfied C. satisfying D. satisfaction 答案与解析 1.A 解析：一般现在时，主语I用动词原形。 2.B 解析：than提示用比较级，outgoing为多音节词，比较级为more outgoing。 3.A 解析：clean up意为"打扫干净"，符合语境。 4.C 解析：be supposed to do sth. 为固定结构，表示"应该做某事"。 5.A 解析：Could I...? 表示委婉请求；must表示必须，语气较强。 6.B 解析：decide to do sth. 决定做某事。 7.C 解析：It's important to do sth. 为固定句型。 8.A 解析：clean up one's room 打扫房间。 9.B 解析：the same as 与...相同，符合"我们都喜欢读书"的语境。 10.D 解析：help out 帮忙，符合"父母忙家务时帮忙"的语境。 11.B 解析：在中国文化中，拜访他人时带小礼物是礼貌的。 12.C 解析：plan to do sth. 计划做某事。 13.B 解析：答语"Three times a week"表示频率，用How often提问。 14.C 解析：It's polite to do sth. 做某事是礼貌的。 15.D 解析：a sense of后接名词，satisfaction为satisfy的名词形式。 B. 词汇运用 (共15小题，每小题1分) 第一部分：根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 16.In Switzerland, it's very important to be on t________. 17.Could you please f________ your clothes? They're all over the floor. 18.We should r________ our teachers and parents. 19.Volunteering gives me a strong feeling of s________. 20.It's i________ to keep others waiting. 答案与解析 16.time (on time 准时) 17.fold (fold clothes 叠衣服) 18.respect (respect teachers 尊重老师) 19.satisfaction (feeling of satisfaction 满足感) 20. impolite (impolite to do 做...是不礼貌的) 第二部分：用所给单词的适当形式填空 21.My brother is much ________ (tall) than me. 22.She wants ________ (be) a volunteer in the hospital. 23.You're ________ (suppose) to shake hands in the United States. 24.The children were ________ (excite) when they saw the animals. 25.Could you please ________ (not make) so much noise? 26.This is the ________ (good) book I've ever read. 27.I need ________ (learn) how to cook. 28.He always helps ________ (clean) up the classroom. 29.It's ________ (polite) to talk with your mouth full. 30.We had a ________ (wonder) time at the party last night. 答案与解析 21.taller (much后接比较级) 22. to be (want to do sth.)想要做某事 23. supposed (be supposed to)应该；被期望 24. excited (感到兴奋的，修饰人) 25. not make (Could you please not do...? 委婉请求不要做某事) 26. best (最高级标志"ever") 27. to learn (need to do sth.)需要做某事。 28. clean (help do sth.)帮助做某事 29. impolite (不礼貌的) 30. wonderful (精彩的) 二、语篇能力提升 语篇A：完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分) I used to be a shy boy who always stayed at home playing video games. I didn't have many friends and often felt 31 . My parents were worried about me and suggested that I try volunteering. At first, I was nervous about 32 new people. But my mom said, "Just try it once." So I signed up to help at a community center. My job was to 33 the books in the library and help children with their reading. On my first day, I met Mr. Lee, the manager. He was very 34 and showed me around. "Don't worry," he said. "Everyone is friendly here." I was 35 to organize the books by their titles and authors. It was boring at first, but I soon found it interesting. The best part was helping the children. There was a boy named Tim who 36 reading. He was only seven years old but wanted to read chapter books. I sat with him every Tuesday and Thursday, helping him with difficult words. Slowly, I saw his reading skills 37 . As weeks passed, I noticed something 38 happening to me too. I became more confident. I started 39 to other volunteers and even made some friends. The children's smiles made me feel 40 and useful. One day, Tim's mother came to thank me. "Tim loves coming here now," she said. "His teacher says his reading has improved a lot. Thank you for your 41 ." I felt so proud that I could help. Now, I volunteer every week. I've learned that helping others doesn't just benefit them—it helps me too. I've become more 42 , made new friends, and discovered that I enjoy working with children. My parents say I'm like a 43 person. Volunteering has taught me important 44 : patience, responsibility, and the joy of giving. I would 45 everyone to try volunteering. You might be surprised at how much you can grow. ( )31.A. happy B. lonely C. excited D. angry ( )32.A. meeting B. meet C. met D. meets ( )33.A. read B. buy C. organize D. write ( )34.A. strict B. friendly C. serious D. rude ( )35.A. supposed B. asked C. told D. forced ( )36.A. hated B. loved C. finished D. started ( )37.A. improve B. drop C. disappear D. change ( )38.A. bad B. strange C. funny D. wonderful ( )39.A. talking B. to talk C. talk D. talked ( )40.A. tired B. bored C. happy D. sad ( )41.A. money B. time C. book D. help ( )42.A. shy B. outgoing C. lazy D. quiet ( )43.A. different B. same C. bad D. young ( )44.A. subjects B. lessons C. games D. stories ( )45.A. order B. encourage C. force D. warn 答案与解析 31.B 解析：前文说害羞、待在家、朋友少，应感到"孤独"。 32.A 解析：about为介词，后接动名词。 33.C 解析：在图书馆的工作通常是整理书籍。 34.B 解析：后文说"Don't worry"和"friendly"，说明经理很友好。 35.A 解析：be supposed to do 应该做。 36.B 解析：后文说他想读章节书，说明他"热爱"阅读。 37.A 解析：帮助后阅读技能应该"提高"。 38.D 解析：变得自信是"美好的"变化。 39.A 解析：start doing sth. 开始做某事。 40.C 解析：帮助他人让人感到"快乐"。 41.D 解析：感谢对方的"帮助"。 42.B 解析：与前文害羞形成对比，变得"外向"。 43.A 解析：与以前的自己相比，变成了"不同的"人。 44.B 解析：学到重要的"课程/教训"。 45.B 解析：鼓励每个人尝试志愿服务。 语篇B：语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1分) Last year, I went to France as an exchange student. It was an exciting but challenging experience. I learned that different countries have different customs and manners. When I first arrived at my host family's house, I made several mistakes. I was 46 (suppose) to arrive at 6:00 pm, but I arrived at 6:30 because of the heavy traffic. In France, it's very important 47 (be) on time. My host mother looked a little unhappy but she was still polite. At dinner, I made another mistake. In China, we usually start eating when everyone is served. But in France, you're supposed 48 (wait) until the host says "Bon appétit" (enjoy your meal). I started eating immediately, and everyone looked at me 49 (strange). The next day, I met my host family's friends. When I was introduced to an older lady, I held out my hand to shake hands. But in France, people often kiss on both cheeks when they meet friends. The lady looked surprised but she kissed me on 50 cheek. I felt so embarrassed! These experiences taught me 51 important lesson. Before visiting a foreign country, it's necessary 52 (learn) about their customs. Now, I always research a country's manners before I travel there. I also learned that when you make a mistake in a foreign country, most people 53 (understand). They know you're trying to learn. The important thing is to be respectful and willing 54 (learn). My time in France was wonderful. I made many friends and learned about French culture. Most importantly, I learned to appreciate cultural differences. Now, I'm more careful about 55 (follow) local customs when I travel. 答案与解析 46.supposed (be supposed to)应该；应当；被期望 47.to be (It's important to do sth.)做某事是很重要的。 48.to wait (be supposed to do)应该；应当；被期望 49.strangely (副词修饰动词looked) 50.both (kiss on both cheeks亲吻双颊) 51.an (lesson以辅音音素开头，但important以元音音素开头) 52.to learn (It's necessary to do sth.)有必要做某事 53.understand (一般现在时，主语为复数) 54.to learn (be willing to do sth.)愿意做某事 55.following (about为介词，后接动名词) 语篇C：阅读理解 (共5小题，每小题2分) Personal space is the distance people keep between themselves and others. Different cultures have different ideas about how much personal space is comfortable. In some countries like the United States and England, people prefer more personal space. When talking to someone, they usually stand about an arm's length away. If you stand too close, they might feel uncomfortable and step back. In these cultures, personal space is seen as important for privacy and independence. However, in many Latin American and Middle Eastern countries, people stand much closer when talking. They might touch each other's arms or stand shoulder to shoulder. This doesn't mean they're being rude—it's just their cultural norm. In these cultures, closeness shows friendship and trust. In Japan, personal space is also important, but for different reasons. Japanese people often bow instead of shaking hands or hugging. The bow shows respect and maintains a comfortable distance. Even on crowded trains, Japanese people try to avoid eye contact with strangers to give them psychological space. Understanding these differences is important for cross-cultural communication. When you're in a foreign country, observe how locals interact. Try to follow their lead. If someone seems uncomfortable with how close you're standing, take a small step back. If someone stands closer than you're used to, try not to step away—they might think you're unfriendly. Remember, there's no "right" or "wrong" amount of personal space. It's all about cultural differences. The key is to be aware of these differences and respect them when interacting with people from other cultures. ( )56.What is personal space according to the passage? A. The room where people live alone. B. The distance people keep between themselves and others. C. The time people spend by themselves. D. The things people don't want to share with others. ( )57.In which countries do people prefer more personal space? A. Latin American countries. B. Middle Eastern countries. C. The United States and England. D. Japan and China. ( )58.Why do people in some cultures stand close when talking? A. Because they don't have enough space. B. Because it shows friendship and trust. C. Because they can't hear each other well. D. Because it's required by their religion. ( )59.How do Japanese people usually greet each other? A. By shaking hands. B. By hugging. C. By kissing on the cheek. D. By bowing. ( )60.What should you do when you're in a foreign country according to the passage? A. Always keep a big personal space. B. Observe how locals interact and follow their lead. C. Tell people your personal space preferences. D. Avoid talking to people from different cultures. 答案与解析 56.B 解析：细节题。第一段第一句明确给出定义。 57.C 解析：细节题。第二段第一句提到美国和美国。 58.B 解析：细节题。第三段最后一句说明这表示友谊和信任。 59.D 解析：细节题。第四段第二句提到日本人通常鞠躬。 60.B 解析：推理题。最后一段建议观察当地人的互动方式并效仿。 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $