Unit 1 Across the globe（单元自测·基础卷）英语沪教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 1 Across the globe单元自测·基础卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. There’s a type of porridge (粥) in China that’s filled with tradition and celebrated for its delicious taste. Unfortunately, to my mind, it also has a funny name. Every year during the Laba Festival, which 1 (happen) on the eighth day of the 12th lunar month, Laba porridge is the food traditionally served. However, the first time I heard its name was in a nursery rhyme my daughter’s nanny sang to her, 2 goes: “after Laba is the Lunar New Year” to her. But thanks to my bad Chinese and her heavy accent, I instead heard Laba in different tones that changed the meaning to “poop (粪便)”. For a good two days I thought it was a nursery rhyme which, 3 help toddlers (幼儿) with potty (如厕) training. I was very wrong. The Laba Festival arrives before Lunar New Year. Traditionally observed by Buddhists to honor the enlightenment of Siddhartha Gautama, the festival is now 4 (much) of a time for reflection, gratitude and preparing for the upcoming Lunar New Year festivities. Laba porridge is delicious and beautiful. Its heartiness lies in its array of ingredients. While every family has their own variation, 5 typically includes a mix of beans, rice, nuts and dried fruits. The key ingredients, however, are glutinous rice (糯米), beans and various grains, cooked 6 the rice thickens. Each ingredient has symbolic significance around the ideas of prosperity and health. For example, red beans symbolize good luck and happiness, 7 glutinous rice signifies family unity. Traditionally, before the Lunar New Year, families gather to prepare Laba porridge together, fostering a sense of unity and 8 (share) traditions, much like how families in the US do with their Thanksgiving meals. It’s about the time you spend together 9 the food you eat. Laba porridge is one of those dishes that hold a special place in Chinese culinary heritage, 10 (combine) history, symbolism and a sense of community. In each steaming bowl of Laba porridge are well-wishes that one family member bestows upon another. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need A．ground       B．friction       C． load       D．collective      E. massive      F. preserving     G. attach         H. illustrating      I. dimensions     J. justify        K. permanent Stolen History: The Battle to Bring China’s Treasures Home The illegal trade of Chinese cultural artifacts (文物) has grown into a worldwide issue, showing how challenging it is to protect historical treasures in our modern age. Recent reports reveal shocking truths-ancient bronze tools from the Shang Dynasty and delicately made Tang Dynasty pottery figures keep disappearing from Chinese museums and dig sites. Many later emerge in major overseas auction houses, selling for millions while China struggles to get them back. UNESCO estimates more than 10 million Chinese relics remain abroad, with fewer than 1 in 10 ever returning — a/an 11 loss of cultural heritage. Some foreign collectors try to 12 keeping these stolen items by saying they’re “safer” in their care. This claim has no ethical 13 because it ignores history — countless artifacts were stolen during foreign invasions between 1840-1949. To Chinese people, these relics aren’t just objects; we 14 our 15 memory to them. A simple jade necklace might represent a family’s history across generations, while a bronze bell could symbolize ancient rituals. Growing 16 complicates recovery efforts. Foreign museums often demand ownership papers that were never made for items stolen over a century ago. Meanwhile, Chinese experts carry the heavy 17 of tracking stolen goods through old records, international laws, and tough negotiations. The fight to recover the Old Summer Palace’s zodiac animal statues (十二生肖兽首雕像) took 12 years and involved three governments, perfectly 18 these challenges. This issue has multiple 19 — it’s about law, history, and national pride. While recent successes like the 2019 return of a stolen eighth-century Buddhist mural (佛教壁画) bring hope, much work remains. Global cooperation and stricter art trade rules are essential. Protecting cultural heritage isn’t just China’s responsibility — it’s about 20 humanity’s shared story for generations to come. II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. 21 , the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, 22 little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists and parents were 23 various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed “to give children a good start 24 ” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. 25 , over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration and the ability to function as a member of a 26 . The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read 27 by their parents. In the recent 28 between Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented Americans 29 group experience as one of their top three choices. A/An 30 on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education. Like in America, there is 31 in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have 32 aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are 33 universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of 34 being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have 35 free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens. 21．A．Instead B．However C．Furthermore D．Meanwhile 22．A．surprisingly B．primarily C．strangely D．expectedly 23．A．criticized for B．associated with C．devoted to D．asked about 24．A．mentally B．physically C．academically D．financially 25．A．Beyond description B．Out of curiosity C．After all D．In contrast 26．A．society B．family C．group D．class 27．A．at home B．by law C．when needed D．with patience 28．A．consideration B．comparison C．prediction D．examination 29．A．doubted B．defined C．pretended D．listed 30．A．emphasis B．agreement C．compliment D．congratulation 31．A．difference B．diversity C．evidence D．setback 32．A．specific B．far-reaching C．important D．favorable 33．A．focused on B．combined with C．attached to D．separated from 34．A．happily B．quickly C．luckily D．eventually 35．A．introduced B．invented C．borrowed D．displayed Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A In many places, levelling up has been a boon for one sort of building. Derby put on an impressive show at the opening of its market hall in 1866. Visitors to the city, some of whom arrived on special trains, heard a performance of Handel’s Messiah and “a powerful and effective organ”. Today the hall echoes with the shouts of scaffolders. The rows of market stalls on the ground floor are lifeless, the traders having moved elsewhere. The building will not reopen until 2024. Even in its half-repaired state, Derby Market Hall is spectacular. It has a vast roof of glass and wood, with iron supports. It looks a little like St Pancras Station in London, which is not a surprise--the engineer Rowland Mason Ordish worked on both. Derby Council proudly expresses the comparison the other way around. St Pancras, it says, “has a comparable splendour to the roof of Derby Market Hall”. The Midlands and north of England are studded with Victorian market halls, which are frequently among the grandest buildings in their towns. Many are now being spruced up. Work is under way, or expected to begin soon, on market buildings in Brighouse, Bury, Carlisle, Derby, Doncaster, Goole, Lincoln, Newcastle and Southport. Newport market in Wales reopened in March. In many places, the single most tangible consequence of the government’s “levelling up” programme to reduce regional inequality is that something is being done to the indoor market. Market halls were one weapon in the 19th-century campaign against street traders. People who hawked food from carts and baskets were accused of obstructing traffic, cheating shoppers and creating noise and disorder. They were a “crying evil”, as the burghers of Bolton put it. The traders were swept from the streets and into covered halls, where intense competition would in theory keep prices low. Few halls were built in London or south-east England. London was by the 19th century far too large for centralised retail markets to fulfil people’s needs. Because every town wanted a more spectacular market hall than its neighbours, they became enormous and ornate. They were orderly, at least in theory. Drunk customers were barred Wolverhampton hired a market policeman to crack down on loitering boys; a hall in Newton Abbot even had a jail cell. In Leeds fruit-sellers were reprimanded for their “habit of making a great noise and wearing an objectionable costume in front of their shops, causing annoyance to the other tenants, and unduly attracting customers”. 36．According to the first two paragraphs, what event marked the opening of Derby Market Hall in1866? A．The arrival of a famous architect. B．A grand performance of Handel’s Messiah. C．The introduction of new market stalls. D．The announcement of a restoration project. 37．What is the meaning of the word “spruced up” in the context of the passage? A．Destroyed. B．Improved. C．Expanded. D．Abandoned. 38．Based on paragraph 4, what underlying social issues were Victorian market halls attempting to address? A．They aimed to improve architectural aesthetics in towns with grand buildings. B．They sought to control street traders accused of causing public disturbances and unfair trading practices. C．They were designed to centralize retail markets in response to overcrowded city conditions. D．They intended to boost local economies by creating more commercial opportunities for townspeople. 39．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Victorian Market Halls of London B．The Decline of Traditional Market Stalls C．The Restoration and Legacy of Victorian Market Halls D．The Role of Street Traders in 19th-Century England B TROUBLESHOOTING For possible malfunctions as described below, please contact Customer Services at 1-800-2020-123. PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE SOLUTION The coffee is not hot. ·The cups were not preheated. Warm the cups by rinsing them with hot water（N.B．you can use the hot water function）. Coffee does not come out of the spouts. ·The spouts are blocked. Clean the spouts with a toothpick. The coffee does not come out of the spouts, but from around the service e door. ·The holes in the spouts are clogged with dry coffee dust. ·The coffee guide inside the service door is blocked and cannot swing. ·Clean the spouts with a toothpick, sponge or hard bristled kitchen brush. ·Thoroughly clean the coffee guide. particularly near the hinges. The frothed milk has large bubbles. ·The milk is not cold enough or is not semi-skimmed. ·You should ideally use skimmed or semi-skimmed milk at refrigerator temperature （about 5℃）. If the result is not as you wished, try changing brand of milk. The milk is not frothed（起泡）. ·Cappuccino maker is dirty. ·Clean as described in the section “Cleaning the cappuccino maker after use”. Steam delivery stops ·A safety device stops steam delivery after 3 minutes. ·Wait, then activate the steam function again. The appliance does not come on. ·It is not plugged into the mains socket. ·The main switch（A2） is not turned on. ·Plug into the mains socket. ·Place the main switch in the I position. 40．If the appliance doesn't work, which of the following may be the cause? A．It has been used for many years. B．It is not plugged into the socket. C．Its temperature is too high. D．Its spouts are blocked. 41．According to the table, which of the following is true? A．If coffee taste bitter, you may add some milk and sugar. B．If coffee is delivered too slowly, you may wait and activate the function again. C．If coffee doesn't come out of spouts, you may check them with a toothpick. D．If milk is not frothed, you may use semi-skimmed milk. 42．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A coffee bean package. B．A cappuccino coffee machine booklet. C．A cappuccino coffee machine advertisement. D．A coffee machine quality report. C A report consistently brought back by visitors to the U.S. is how friendly, courteous and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the U.S. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: If you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Today, there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary travelers. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the U.S., especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. “I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon, he invited me home for dinner — amazing.” Such observations reported by visitors to the U.S. are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America, a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to “translate” cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word “friend,” the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers. 43．In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, __________. A．rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the U.S. B．small-minded officials deserve a serious comment C．Canadians are not as friendly as their neighbors D．most Americans are ready to offer help 44．It could be inferred from the passage that __________. A．social patterns and historical traditions are inseparable B．people in remote and difficult areas used to be more friendly C．various virtues exposed to strangers or neighbors are superficial D．being friendly to strangers is particularly important to Americans 45．The tradition of American hospitality to strangers __________. A．tends to be superficial and artificial B．is generally well kept up in the United States C．is always understood properly D．has something to do with the busy tourist trails 46．Which of the following can be learned from the last paragraph? A．American culture is confusing to most travelers. B．Americans usually don’t mean what they say. C．Words don’t always translate American culture properly. D．Learning English is the first thing to known American culture. Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Sydney’s Plan to Be the New Year’s Eve Capital of the World Dean Jacobowski stands atop the Sydney Opera House as the first glimmer of the day’s summer sun bounces from the famous white sails. It’s early in the morning, three days before New Year’s Eve. The harbor is Jacobowski’s canvas (画布). 47 “It’s the most recognized structure in the world, so just playing a small role in that is amazing,” Jacobowski tells reporters down below. “There are one billion people that tune in to watch the fireworks, so yeah ... no pressure to get the fireworks right,” he laughs. After midnight hits, Jacobowski’s crew will outfit the Sydney Opera House with 36,000 shooting effects, 13,000 airborne shells, and over 75,000 pyrotechnic effects that will explode across the bay. Sydney’s local government, which calls its city the “New Year’s Eve Capital of the World” has also set 7,000 firework cues on the Sydney Harbour Bridge, wanting it to“dance with color”. While the official New Year’s Eve extravagant (盛会) focuses on the Harbour Bridge and Opera House, Sydney’s big night is felt across the city, lighting up individual streets, homes and businesses with the atmosphere of the evening. 48 49 When it opened in 1973, architect Jorn Utzon gave Australia a symbol to proudly display on postage stamps — or launch fireworks from. The House, as it’s lovingly known, has over its half-decade helped to evolve Australian culture. The modern nation of Australia may be young, but it is home to the oldest culture on earth. 50 “We are calling to our old people for strength in this moment and to also celebrate their achievements and the knowledge they have passed down. I hope to create a memorable event for everyone to take part in. This platform allows us to share our truth, our stories, our voice with the world,” the show’s Creative Director said. The world will be watching. A．He plans to paint it with fireworks. B．Across the water, the Sydney Opera House turned 50 in 2023. C．It is something the Sydneysiders are immensely proud of. D．Australia is one of the first places in the world to ring in the new year. E．Indigenous (本土的，土著的) Australians have inhabited the continent for over 60,000 years. F．We’re such a young country and to have such an iconic place is very special. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Long Journey The majority of the world’s clothes, bags and shoes are manufactured in Asia. But the region’s brands have made little headway in the West. Of the ten most valuable global apparel (服装) labels ranked by Millward Brown, a market-research firm, only Uniqlo is Asian. Li-Ning, one of China’s best-selling sportswear brands, tried to enter America in 2010. It opened a flagship store in Portland, Oregon and later launched an English-language online store. Both failed. What makes the journey so hard? Adjusting to Western tastes takes time. Although Uniqlo became the largest Japanese apparel brand by selling US-style clothing, it still encountered cultural barriers in America itself. For example, vests (背心) are one of Uniqlo’s most popular products at home, but relatively few Americans and Europeans wear an additional layer beneath their shirts, says Dairo Murata, an analyst at JPMorgan Chase, a bank. It was only two years ago the firm also realized that XL was not big enough in America; it now duly provides XXXL. Another problem, at least outside the big cities, is price. Uniqlo takes pride in the use of high-tech, comfortable fabrics (布料)，an attempt to differentiate itself from other basic clothing brands like Gap and Old Navy. But at Danbury Fair, a Connecticut shopping mall that is a barometer for retail trends in the suburbs, people prefer Primark, a super-cheap Irish retailer (零售商) which recently opened, to Uniqlo, which shut up shop in June. Mall visitors are conservative about fashion and about spending, explains F.K. Grunert, its manager. What still seems to work better is concentrating on urban centres, even though that means a smaller potential market. This month Uniqlo opened a stand-alone store in Manhattan’s Soho; such shops tend to do well. In 2002 it had 21 stores in Britain, dotted around the north-west, Midlands and south-east; now eight of the ten it still has are in London. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．与传统的教学方法相比，我们新的措施致力于创新教学。（comparison）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 53．由于市民不愿放弃旧习惯, 政府必须证明新政策合理。(justify) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 54．时间管理不善已导致许多青少年几乎不能平衡学习与爱好。(next to) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 55．无论周围环境如何，我们都不该把学习的机会视为理所当然，而应专注并保持内心的平静来应对日常生活中的挑战。(regardless) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below. 你是明启中学高三学生王华，你的好友李明来信邀请你和他一起创办一个公众号（a public account），通过文字、图片、视频等多种形式向国内外读者推广和传播中国文化。请你给他回信，内容须包括： (1)你对该想法的支持和赞赏； (2)你对合作的期待和对分工的建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Across the globe单元自测·基础卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） （参考答案） 1．happens 2．which 3．could 4．more 5．it 6．until 7．while 8．sharing 9．on 10．combining 11．E 12．J 13．A 14．G 15．D 16．B 17．C 18．H 19．I 20．F 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．A 36．B 37．B 38．B 39．C 40．B 41．C 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．E 51．    It’s hard for Asia’s fashion brands to appeal to Western customers. But why? They don’t know western tastes and culture very well so they need time to make adjustments. High price is another reason because suburban customers care more about price than fashion. So it may be a wise choice for Asian brands to open their shops in urban centres. 52．In/By comparison with/to traditional methods, our new measures are dedicated/committed/devoted to innovative teaching. 53．The government must justify the new policy, because citizens are reluctant/unwilling to let go of/give up/ abandon old habits. 54．Poor time management has made it next to impossible to strike/keep a balance between study and hobbies for many teenagers/adolescents. 55．Regardless of what the surrounding circumstances are/Regardless of surroundings, we must not take learning opportunities for granted but maintain focus and the peace of mind to tackle/handle/deal with/ cope with/address/approach challenges in daily life. 56． Dear Li Ming, Thank you for your invitation to start a public account together to promote Chinese culture to domestic and international audiences. I am truly impressed by your idea, and I wholeheartedly support this initiative. I believe that utilizing various media forms like text, images, and videos will effectively showcase the richness and diversity of our culture. I am looking forward to working with you on this exciting project. As for our collaboration, I suggest we divide the tasks based on our strengths. You could handle video production and editing, given your excellent skills in that area, while I focus on creating engaging written content and selecting captivating images. This way, we can complement each other and ensure the quality of our content. I’m excited to embark on this cultural journey with you and can’t wait to see the impact we will achieve together. Best regards, Wang Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Across the globe单元自测·基础卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. There’s a type of porridge (粥) in China that’s filled with tradition and celebrated for its delicious taste. Unfortunately, to my mind, it also has a funny name. Every year during the Laba Festival, which 1 (happen) on the eighth day of the 12th lunar month, Laba porridge is the food traditionally served. However, the first time I heard its name was in a nursery rhyme my daughter’s nanny sang to her, 2 goes: “after Laba is the Lunar New Year” to her. But thanks to my bad Chinese and her heavy accent, I instead heard Laba in different tones that changed the meaning to “poop (粪便)”. For a good two days I thought it was a nursery rhyme which, 3 help toddlers (幼儿) with potty (如厕) training. I was very wrong. The Laba Festival arrives before Lunar New Year. Traditionally observed by Buddhists to honor the enlightenment of Siddhartha Gautama, the festival is now 4 (much) of a time for reflection, gratitude and preparing for the upcoming Lunar New Year festivities. Laba porridge is delicious and beautiful. Its heartiness lies in its array of ingredients. While every family has their own variation, 5 typically includes a mix of beans, rice, nuts and dried fruits. The key ingredients, however, are glutinous rice (糯米), beans and various grains, cooked 6 the rice thickens. Each ingredient has symbolic significance around the ideas of prosperity and health. For example, red beans symbolize good luck and happiness, 7 glutinous rice signifies family unity. Traditionally, before the Lunar New Year, families gather to prepare Laba porridge together, fostering a sense of unity and 8 (share) traditions, much like how families in the US do with their Thanksgiving meals. It’s about the time you spend together 9 the food you eat. Laba porridge is one of those dishes that hold a special place in Chinese culinary heritage, 10 (combine) history, symbolism and a sense of community. In each steaming bowl of Laba porridge are well-wishes that one family member bestows upon another. 【答案】 1．happens 2．which 3．could 4．more 5．it 6．until 7．while 8．sharing 9．on 10．combining 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中国传统美食腊八粥，涵盖其相关的腊八节习俗、食材寓意及文化内涵。 1．考查动词时态。句意：每年农历十二月初八的腊八节，传统上都会供应腊八粥。此处描述腊八节的常规时间，用一般现在时，先行词the Laba Festival是单数，从句谓语用happens。故填happens。 2．考查定语从句。句意：然而，我第一次听到它的名字是在我女儿的保姆给她唱的一首儿歌中，这首歌是这么唱的：“过了腊八就是年”。此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是a nursery rhyme，指物，此处应用关系代词which。故填which。 3．考查情态动词。句意：有整整两天，我以为这是一首能帮助幼儿进行如厕训练的童谣。根据“I thought it was”及空后动词原形help可知，此处应用情态动词could，表示“能够”。故填could。 4．考查副词比较级。句意：传统上，这个节日是佛教徒为了纪念释迦摩尼的启迪而庆祝的，现在这个节日更多的是为了反思、感恩和为即将到来的农历新年庆祝活动做准备。根据Traditionally与now的对比及提示词much可知，此处应用much的比较级more，表示“更多地”。故填more。 5．考查代词。句意：虽然每个家庭都有自己的做法，但它(腊八粥)通常包含豆类、大米、坚果和干果的混合。此处指代前文的Laba porridge，作主语，应用代词it。故填it。 6．考查连词。句意：然而，关键食材是糯米、豆类和各种谷物，煮到米饭变稠为止。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到”，应用连词until引导时间状语从句。故填until。 7．考查连词。句意：例如，红豆象征好运和幸福，而糯米象征家庭团结。此处表对比关系，应用连词while。故填while。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：传统上，在农历新年前，家人们会一起准备腊八粥，培养团结感并传承传统。句中已有谓语gather，此处应是非谓语形式。families与share是主谓关系，应用现在分词sharing，作状语。故填sharing。 9．考查介词。句意：它是关于你们在一起吃食物的时间。根据spend time on sth.的固定搭配可知，此处应是介词on。故填on。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：腊八粥是在中国烹饪文化中占有特殊地位的菜肴之一，它融合了历史、象征意义和社区感。句中已有谓语is，此处应是非谓语形式。Laba porridge与combine是主谓关系，应用现在分词combining，作状语。故填combining。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need A．ground       B．friction       C． load       D．collective      E. massive      F. preserving     G. attach         H. illustrating      I. dimensions     J. justify        K. permanent Stolen History: The Battle to Bring China’s Treasures Home The illegal trade of Chinese cultural artifacts (文物) has grown into a worldwide issue, showing how challenging it is to protect historical treasures in our modern age. Recent reports reveal shocking truths-ancient bronze tools from the Shang Dynasty and delicately made Tang Dynasty pottery figures keep disappearing from Chinese museums and dig sites. Many later emerge in major overseas auction houses, selling for millions while China struggles to get them back. UNESCO estimates more than 10 million Chinese relics remain abroad, with fewer than 1 in 10 ever returning — a/an 11 loss of cultural heritage. Some foreign collectors try to 12 keeping these stolen items by saying they’re “safer” in their care. This claim has no ethical 13 because it ignores history — countless artifacts were stolen during foreign invasions between 1840-1949. To Chinese people, these relics aren’t just objects; we 14 our 15 memory to them. A simple jade necklace might represent a family’s history across generations, while a bronze bell could symbolize ancient rituals. Growing 16 complicates recovery efforts. Foreign museums often demand ownership papers that were never made for items stolen over a century ago. Meanwhile, Chinese experts carry the heavy 17 of tracking stolen goods through old records, international laws, and tough negotiations. The fight to recover the Old Summer Palace’s zodiac animal statues (十二生肖兽首雕像) took 12 years and involved three governments, perfectly 18 these challenges. This issue has multiple 19 — it’s about law, history, and national pride. While recent successes like the 2019 return of a stolen eighth-century Buddhist mural (佛教壁画) bring hope, much work remains. Global cooperation and stricter art trade rules are essential. Protecting cultural heritage isn’t just China’s responsibility — it’s about 20 humanity’s shared story for generations to come. 【答案】 11．E 12．J 13．A 14．G 15．D 16．B 17．C 18．H 19．I 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了中国文物非法交易的问题，以及中国在追回流失文物过程中所面临的挑战和努力。 11．考查形容词。句意：联合国教科文组织估计有超过1000万件中国文物仍留在国外，其中少于十分之一能够返回——这是一个巨大的文化遗产损失。空格处需要填入一个形容词来修饰名词“loss”，结合句意，只有十分之一的文物能够回国，这是一种巨大的损失。选项E“massive”意为“巨大的”，符合句意，故选E。 12．考查动词。句意：一些外国收藏家试图为保留这些被盗物品进行辩解，声称它们在他们的照顾下“更安全”。try to do为固定搭配，设空处填动词原形，根据“keeping these stolen items by saying they’re “safer” in their care”可知，空格处需要填入一个动词来表示“为……进行辩解”。选项J“justify”意为“为……辩护；证明……正当”，符合句意，故选J。 13．考查名词。句意：这种说法在道德上没有任何根据，因为它忽视了历史——无数文物在1840-1949年间的外国入侵中被盗。设空处填名词作宾语，“ground”意为“根据；理由”为名词，放在这里和ethical形成固定短语，意思是“道德依据”，符合句意，故选A。 14．考查动词。句意：我们把集体记忆附着于它们。空格处需要填入一个动词作谓语，和后面的to形成固定短语。根据下文“A simple jade necklace might represent a family’s history across generations, while a bronze bell could symbolize ancient rituals.”可知，文物上承载着记忆和历史，此处指我们把记忆附加到文物上，选项G“attach”意为“附着；连接”为动词，attach sth. to…是“把……依附于……”，符合句意，故选G。 15．考查形容词。句意：我们把集体记忆附着于它们。空格处需要填入一个形容词来修饰名词“memory”，结合下文“A simple jade necklace might represent a family’s history across generations, while a bronze bell could symbolize ancient rituals.”可知，文物代表集体文化遗产，文物承载了我们的集体回忆、历史。选项D“collective”意为“集体的”，符合句意，故选D。 16．考查名词。句意：不断增加的摩擦使回收工作变得更加复杂。根据下文“Foreign museums often demand ownership papers that were never made for items stolen over a century ago. ”以及“The fight to recover the Old Summer Palace’s zodiac animal statues ( 十二生肖兽首雕像) took 12 years and involved three governments”文物追回工作面临诸多阻力和摩擦，空格处需要填入一个名词来表示“摩擦，阻力”，在句中充当主语。选项B“friction”意为“摩擦；冲突”为名词，符合句意，故选B。 17．考查名词。句意：与此同时，中国专家肩负着追踪被盗物品的重任，他们要依靠旧档案资料、国际法律以及艰苦的谈判来完成这项工作。根据下文“of tracking stolen goods through old records, international laws, and tough negotiations”专家们承担着重任，选项C“load”意为“责任，重担”，为名词，符合句意，故选C。 18．考查动词。句意：圆明园十二生肖兽首雕像的追回工作历时12年，涉及三个政府，完美地说明了这些挑战。追回十二生肖兽首的艰难工作充分说明了文物追回工作所面临的挑战，动词illustrate“说明；阐释”符合句意，用现在分词作状语。选项H“illustrating”意为“说明；阐释”，符合语境，故选H。 19．考查名词。句意：这个问题有多个层面——它涉及法律、历史和民族自豪感。此空作宾语，根据“it’s about law, history, and national pride”可知，文物追讨工作涉及很多层面的问题，空格处需要填入一个名词来表示“层面；维度”，multiple提示名词用复数。选项I“dimensions”意为“层面；维度”，符合句意，故选I。 20．考查动词。句意：保护文化遗产不仅仅是中国的责任，而是为了保存人类共同的故事，以便代代相传。根据后文“humanity’s shared story for generations to come”可知，此处指“保护人类共享的故事”，空格处需要填入一个动词来表示“保存；保护”，作about宾语，填动名词。选项F“preserving”意为“保存；保护”，符合句意，故选F。 II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. 21 , the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, 22 little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists and parents were 23 various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed “to give children a good start 24 ” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. 25 , over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration and the ability to function as a member of a 26 . The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read 27 by their parents. In the recent 28 between Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented Americans 29 group experience as one of their top three choices. A/An 30 on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education. Like in America, there is 31 in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have 32 aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are 33 universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of 34 being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have 35 free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens. 21．A．Instead B．However C．Furthermore D．Meanwhile 22．A．surprisingly B．primarily C．strangely D．expectedly 23．A．criticized for B．associated with C．devoted to D．asked about 24．A．mentally B．physically C．academically D．financially 25．A．Beyond description B．Out of curiosity C．After all D．In contrast 26．A．society B．family C．group D．class 27．A．at home B．by law C．when needed D．with patience 28．A．consideration B．comparison C．prediction D．examination 29．A．doubted B．defined C．pretended D．listed 30．A．emphasis B．agreement C．compliment D．congratulation 31．A．difference B．diversity C．evidence D．setback 32．A．specific B．far-reaching C．important D．favorable 33．A．focused on B．combined with C．attached to D．separated from 34．A．happily B．quickly C．luckily D．eventually 35．A．introduced B．invented C．borrowed D．displayed 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国和日本的学前教育的差异和各自的特点。 21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，日本幼儿园提供的答案并不是美国人所期望的。A. Instead相反；B. However然而；C. Furthermore此外；D. Meanwhile同时。后文“the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find.(日本幼儿园提供的答案并不是美国人所期望的)”与上文构成转折，应用however。故选B。 22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，在大多数日本幼儿园，很少强调学术教育。A. surprisingly惊人地；B. primarily主要地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. expectedly预期地。根据上文“the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find.(日本幼儿园提供的答案并不是美国人所期望的)”可知，在大多数日本幼儿园，很少强调学术教育，这令人惊讶。故选A。 23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一项调查中，300名日本和210名美国的学前教师、儿童发展专家和家长被问及儿童早期教育的各个方面。A. criticized for因……指责；B. associated with有关系；C. devoted to致力于；D. asked about询问。根据后文“various aspects of early childhood education”指300名日本和210名美国的学前教师、儿童发展专家和家长被问及儿童早期教育的各个方面。故选D。 24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：只有2%的日本受访者将“给孩子一个良好的学习开端”列为社会建立学前教育的三大原因之一。A. mentally精神上；B. physically身体上；C. academically学术上；D. financially经济上。呼应上文“little emphasis is put on academic instruction”指将“给孩子一个良好的学习开端”列为社会建立学前教育的三大原因之一。故选C。 25．考查固定短语辨析。句意：相比之下，超过一半的美国受访者将此列为他们的三大选择之一。A. Beyond description无法形容；B. Out of curiosity出于好奇；C. After all毕竟；D. In contrast与此相反。上文提到只有2%的日本受访者将“给孩子一个良好的学习开端”列为社会建立学前教育的三大原因之一，而相比之下，超过一半的美国受访者将此列为他们的三大选择之一。故选D。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让孩子们在一年级及以后的职业生涯中取得成功，日本学校不教授阅读、写作和数学，而是教授毅力、专注力和团队合作能力等技能。A. society社区；B. family家庭；C. group团队；D. class班级。根据上文“the ability to function as a member of a”可知日本的学校强调团队合作能力。故选C。 27．考查固定短语辨析。句意：在日本，绝大多数的孩子都是由父母在家里教他们读书。A. at home在家；B. by law在法律上；C. when needed在需要的时候；D. with patience耐心地。根据后文“by their parents”可知大多数孩子都是在家接受教育。故选A。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最近对日本和美国学前教育的比较中，91%的日本受访者选择为孩子提供群体体验，作为他们的社会设立学前教育的三大原因之一。A. consideration考虑；B. comparison比较；C. prediction预测；D. examination检查。根据后文“between Japanese and American preschool education”指将日本和美国学前教育进行比较。故选B。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：62%的以个人为导向的美国人将团体体验列为他们的三大选择之一。A. doubted怀疑；B. defined定义；C. pretended假装；D. listed列出。根据后文“group experience as one of their top three choices”指将团体体验列为他们的三大选择之一，故选D。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在日本的早期儿童教育中，对群体重要性的强调一直延续到小学教育。A. emphasis强调；B. agreement协议；C. compliment赞扬；D. congratulation祝贺。呼应上文中“Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration and the ability to function as a member of a”指日本更加强调群体重要性。故选A。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：和美国一样，日本的幼儿教育也有多样性。A. difference差异；B. diversity多样性；C. evidence证据；D. setback挫折。根据后文“Some Japanese kindergartens”以及“In large cities, some kindergartens are”可知，后文的举例说明了日本的幼儿教育也有多样性。故选B。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：日本的一些幼儿园有明确的目标，如早期音乐训练或潜能开发。A. specific明确的；B. far-reaching意义深远的；C. important重要的；D. favorable有利的。根据后文“such as early musical training or potential development”可知，早期音乐训练或潜能开发是明确的目标。故选A。 33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在大城市，一些幼儿园附属于有小学和中学的大学。A. focused on集中于；B. combined with结合；C. attached to附属于；D. separated from分开。根据后文“universities”指一些幼儿园附属于有小学和中学的大学。故选C。 34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一些日本父母认为，如果他们的孩子参加以大学为基础的项目，这将增加孩子最终被一流学校和大学录取的机会。A. happily快乐地；B. quickly快速地；C. luckily幸运地；D. eventually终于。根据后文“being admitted to top-rated schools and universities”指最终被一流学校和大学录取的机会。故选D。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些更进步的项目引入了自由玩耍，作为一些日本幼儿园沉重的智力教育的一种出路。A. introduced介绍，引入；B. invented发明；C. borrowed借来；D. displayed展示。根据上文“Several more progressive programs have”表示引入更进步的项目，应用introduce。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A In many places, levelling up has been a boon for one sort of building. Derby put on an impressive show at the opening of its market hall in 1866. Visitors to the city, some of whom arrived on special trains, heard a performance of Handel’s Messiah and “a powerful and effective organ”. Today the hall echoes with the shouts of scaffolders. The rows of market stalls on the ground floor are lifeless, the traders having moved elsewhere. The building will not reopen until 2024. Even in its half-repaired state, Derby Market Hall is spectacular. It has a vast roof of glass and wood, with iron supports. It looks a little like St Pancras Station in London, which is not a surprise--the engineer Rowland Mason Ordish worked on both. Derby Council proudly expresses the comparison the other way around. St Pancras, it says, “has a comparable splendour to the roof of Derby Market Hall”. The Midlands and north of England are studded with Victorian market halls, which are frequently among the grandest buildings in their towns. Many are now being spruced up. Work is under way, or expected to begin soon, on market buildings in Brighouse, Bury, Carlisle, Derby, Doncaster, Goole, Lincoln, Newcastle and Southport. Newport market in Wales reopened in March. In many places, the single most tangible consequence of the government’s “levelling up” programme to reduce regional inequality is that something is being done to the indoor market. Market halls were one weapon in the 19th-century campaign against street traders. People who hawked food from carts and baskets were accused of obstructing traffic, cheating shoppers and creating noise and disorder. They were a “crying evil”, as the burghers of Bolton put it. The traders were swept from the streets and into covered halls, where intense competition would in theory keep prices low. Few halls were built in London or south-east England. London was by the 19th century far too large for centralised retail markets to fulfil people’s needs. Because every town wanted a more spectacular market hall than its neighbours, they became enormous and ornate. They were orderly, at least in theory. Drunk customers were barred Wolverhampton hired a market policeman to crack down on loitering boys; a hall in Newton Abbot even had a jail cell. In Leeds fruit-sellers were reprimanded for their “habit of making a great noise and wearing an objectionable costume in front of their shops, causing annoyance to the other tenants, and unduly attracting customers”. 36．According to the first two paragraphs, what event marked the opening of Derby Market Hall in1866? A．The arrival of a famous architect. B．A grand performance of Handel’s Messiah. C．The introduction of new market stalls. D．The announcement of a restoration project. 37．What is the meaning of the word “spruced up” in the context of the passage? A．Destroyed. B．Improved. C．Expanded. D．Abandoned. 38．Based on paragraph 4, what underlying social issues were Victorian market halls attempting to address? A．They aimed to improve architectural aesthetics in towns with grand buildings. B．They sought to control street traders accused of causing public disturbances and unfair trading practices. C．They were designed to centralize retail markets in response to overcrowded city conditions. D．They intended to boost local economies by creating more commercial opportunities for townspeople. 39．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Victorian Market Halls of London B．The Decline of Traditional Market Stalls C．The Restoration and Legacy of Victorian Market Halls D．The Role of Street Traders in 19th-Century England 【答案】36．B 37．B 38．B 39．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了维多利亚市场大厅的历史、社会作用及现代复兴。 36．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Derby put on an impressive show at the opening of its market hall in 1866. Visitors to the city, some of whom arrived on special trains, heard a performance of Handel’s Messiah and ‘a powerful and effective organ’.(1866年，德比在其市场大厅的开幕式上上演了一场令人印象深刻的演出。访问该城市的游客中，有些是乘坐特别列车到达的，他们听了一场《弥赛亚》的演出，并体验到了“强大而有效的管风琴”演奏。)” 可知，1866 年德比市场大厅开幕时有一场盛大的亨德尔的《弥赛亚》演出。故选B。 37．词句猜测题。根据第四段的“The Midlands and north of England are studded with Victorian market halls, which are frequently among the grandest buildings in their towns.(英格兰中部和北部遍布着维多利亚时代的市场大厅，这些大厅通常是他们城镇中最宏伟的建筑之一)”以及“Work is under way, or expected to begin soon, on market buildings in Brighouse, Bury, Carlisle, Derby, Doncaster, Goole, Lincoln, Newcastle and Southport.(Brighouse、Bury、Carlisle、Derby、Doncaster、Goole、Lincoln、Newcastle和Southport的市场建筑工程正在进行中，或预计很快开始)”可知，许多市场大厅现在正在被修复或即将开始修复。由此可知，划线短语的意思是“改进，修复”。故选B。 38．推理判断题。根据第五段的“People who hawked food from carts and baskets were accused of obstructing traffic, cheating shoppers and creating noise and disorder. They were a “crying evil”, as the burghers of Bolton put it. The traders were swept from the streets and into covered halls, where intense competition would in theory keep prices low. (从手推车和篮子里兜售食物的人被指控阻碍交通、欺骗购物者、制造噪音和混乱。正如博尔顿市民所说，他们是一个“哭闹的恶魔”。交易员们被从街道上扫地出门，进入有盖的大厅，在那里，激烈的竞争理论上会使价格保持低位)”可推知，维多利亚时代的市场大厅试图控制被指责扰乱公共秩序和不公平贸易行为的街头小贩。故选B。 39． 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“In many places, levelling up has been a boon for one sort of building.(在许多地方，升级发展对某一类建筑来说是一件好事)”可知，文章主要讲述了维多利亚时期市场大厅的恢复与遗产，尤其强调现代对这些历史建筑的修复工作。所以“维多利亚时代市场大厅的修复与遗产”适合作本文的标题。故选C。 B TROUBLESHOOTING For possible malfunctions as described below, please contact Customer Services at 1-800-2020-123. PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE SOLUTION The coffee is not hot. ·The cups were not preheated. Warm the cups by rinsing them with hot water（N.B．you can use the hot water function）. Coffee does not come out of the spouts. ·The spouts are blocked. Clean the spouts with a toothpick. The coffee does not come out of the spouts, but from around the service e door. ·The holes in the spouts are clogged with dry coffee dust. ·The coffee guide inside the service door is blocked and cannot swing. ·Clean the spouts with a toothpick, sponge or hard bristled kitchen brush. ·Thoroughly clean the coffee guide. particularly near the hinges. The frothed milk has large bubbles. ·The milk is not cold enough or is not semi-skimmed. ·You should ideally use skimmed or semi-skimmed milk at refrigerator temperature （about 5℃）. If the result is not as you wished, try changing brand of milk. The milk is not frothed（起泡）. ·Cappuccino maker is dirty. ·Clean as described in the section “Cleaning the cappuccino maker after use”. Steam delivery stops ·A safety device stops steam delivery after 3 minutes. ·Wait, then activate the steam function again. The appliance does not come on. ·It is not plugged into the mains socket. ·The main switch（A2） is not turned on. ·Plug into the mains socket. ·Place the main switch in the I position. 40．If the appliance doesn't work, which of the following may be the cause? A．It has been used for many years. B．It is not plugged into the socket. C．Its temperature is too high. D．Its spouts are blocked. 41．According to the table, which of the following is true? A．If coffee taste bitter, you may add some milk and sugar. B．If coffee is delivered too slowly, you may wait and activate the function again. C．If coffee doesn't come out of spouts, you may check them with a toothpick. D．If milk is not frothed, you may use semi-skimmed milk. 42．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A coffee bean package. B．A cappuccino coffee machine booklet. C．A cappuccino coffee machine advertisement. D．A coffee machine quality report. 【答案】40．B 41．C 42．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了咖啡机可能出现的故障、故障原因及解决办法。 40．细节理解题.根据表格中 “The appliance does not come on.(设备不启动)”对应的“POSSIBLE CAUSE(可能原因)”为“It is not plugged into the mains socket.(未插入电源插座)”以及“The main switch（A2） is not turned on.(主开关（A2）未打开)” 可知，如果设备不工作，原因可能是未插入插座。故选B。 41．细节理解题。根据表格中“Coffee does not come out of the spouts.(咖啡不从喷口流出)”对应的 “SOLUTION(解决办法)” 为 “Clean the spouts with a toothpick.(用牙签清洁喷口)”，所以如果咖啡不从喷口流出，可以用牙签检查清洁喷口。故选C。 42．推理判断题。文章围绕咖啡机可能出现的故障、原因及解决办法展开，所以最有可能出自卡布奇诺咖啡机手册。故选B。 C A report consistently brought back by visitors to the U.S. is how friendly, courteous and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the U.S. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: If you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Today, there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary travelers. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the U.S., especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. “I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon, he invited me home for dinner — amazing.” Such observations reported by visitors to the U.S. are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America, a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to “translate” cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word “friend,” the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers. 43．In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, __________. A．rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the U.S. B．small-minded officials deserve a serious comment C．Canadians are not as friendly as their neighbors D．most Americans are ready to offer help 44．It could be inferred from the passage that __________. A．social patterns and historical traditions are inseparable B．people in remote and difficult areas used to be more friendly C．various virtues exposed to strangers or neighbors are superficial D．being friendly to strangers is particularly important to Americans 45．The tradition of American hospitality to strangers __________. A．tends to be superficial and artificial B．is generally well kept up in the United States C．is always understood properly D．has something to do with the busy tourist trails 46．Which of the following can be learned from the last paragraph? A．American culture is confusing to most travelers. B．Americans usually don’t mean what they say. C．Words don’t always translate American culture properly. D．Learning English is the first thing to known American culture. 【答案】43．D 44．A 45．B 46．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国人大都友好、礼貌、乐于助人，这是因为美国的文化决定了美国人的行为，友善好客的传统在美国是根深蒂固的。 43．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A report consistently brought back by visitors to the U.S. is how friendly, courteous and helpful most Americans were to them.(去过美国的游客经常带回来的一份报告是，大多数美国人对他们是多么友好、礼貌和乐于助人)”可知，在外界访客的眼中，大多数美国人乐于提供帮助。故选D。 44．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As is true of any developed society, in America, a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions and conventions underlies all social interrelationships.( 与任何发达社会一样，在美国，一系列复杂的文化信号、假设和习俗构成了所有社会相互关系的基础)”可推知，社会形态与历史传统密不可分。故选A。 45．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the U.S., especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails.( 然而，好客的古老传统在美国仍然非常盛行，尤其是在远离繁忙旅游线路的小城市和城镇)”可知，美国人好客陌生人的传统在美国通常很好地保留了下来。故选B。 46．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to “translate” cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions.(当然，会说一门语言并不一定意味着理解社会和文化模式。不能正确“翻译”文化意义的游客往往会得出错误的结论)”可知，从最后一段我们可以了解到语言并不总是能正确地翻译美国文化。故选C。 Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Sydney’s Plan to Be the New Year’s Eve Capital of the World Dean Jacobowski stands atop the Sydney Opera House as the first glimmer of the day’s summer sun bounces from the famous white sails. It’s early in the morning, three days before New Year’s Eve. The harbor is Jacobowski’s canvas (画布). 47 “It’s the most recognized structure in the world, so just playing a small role in that is amazing,” Jacobowski tells reporters down below. “There are one billion people that tune in to watch the fireworks, so yeah ... no pressure to get the fireworks right,” he laughs. After midnight hits, Jacobowski’s crew will outfit the Sydney Opera House with 36,000 shooting effects, 13,000 airborne shells, and over 75,000 pyrotechnic effects that will explode across the bay. Sydney’s local government, which calls its city the “New Year’s Eve Capital of the World” has also set 7,000 firework cues on the Sydney Harbour Bridge, wanting it to“dance with color”. While the official New Year’s Eve extravagant (盛会) focuses on the Harbour Bridge and Opera House, Sydney’s big night is felt across the city, lighting up individual streets, homes and businesses with the atmosphere of the evening. 48 49 When it opened in 1973, architect Jorn Utzon gave Australia a symbol to proudly display on postage stamps — or launch fireworks from. The House, as it’s lovingly known, has over its half-decade helped to evolve Australian culture. The modern nation of Australia may be young, but it is home to the oldest culture on earth. 50 “We are calling to our old people for strength in this moment and to also celebrate their achievements and the knowledge they have passed down. I hope to create a memorable event for everyone to take part in. This platform allows us to share our truth, our stories, our voice with the world,” the show’s Creative Director said. The world will be watching. A．He plans to paint it with fireworks. B．Across the water, the Sydney Opera House turned 50 in 2023. C．It is something the Sydneysiders are immensely proud of. D．Australia is one of the first places in the world to ring in the new year. E．Indigenous (本土的，土著的) Australians have inhabited the continent for over 60,000 years. F．We’re such a young country and to have such an iconic place is very special. 【答案】47．A 48．C 49．B 50．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了悉尼计划打造“世界跨年夜之都”的相关举措：以悉尼歌剧院和海港大桥为核心的盛大烟花表演、歌剧院的历史意义，以及活动对澳大利亚本土文化的彰显，吸引全球观众关注。 47．根据上文“The harbor is Jacobowski’s canvas (画布) (海港是雅各布夫斯基的画布。)”可知，此处需延续“画布”的比喻，说明他将如何“创作”。结合下文“After midnight hits, Jacobowski’s crew will outfit the Sydney Opera House with 36,000 shooting effects, 13,000 airborne shells, and over 75,000 pyrotechnic effects that will explode across the bay (午夜钟声敲响后，雅各布斯基的团队将为悉尼歌剧院配备36000个射流效果、13000枚空中礼花弹以及超过75000种烟花特效，这些将在海湾上空绽放)”可知，他计划用烟花为海港“作画”。A 项“He plans to paint it with fireworks. (他计划用烟花为它上色。)”与上下文逻辑一致，故选A项。 48．根据上文“While the official New Year’s Eve extravagant (盛会) focuses on the Harbour Bridge and Opera House, Sydney’s big night is felt across the city, lighting up individual streets, homes and businesses with the atmosphere of the evening. (虽然官方跨年夜盛会以海港大桥和歌剧院为核心，但整个悉尼都能感受到这个盛大的夜晚，街道、住宅和商铺都被节日氛围点亮)”可知，整个悉尼都能感受到这个盛大的夜晚，街道、住宅和商铺都被节日氛围点亮，可推理出此处需总结悉尼人对这一盛会的情感态度。C项“It is something the Sydneysiders are immensely proud of. (这是悉尼人深感自豪的事情。)”符合语境，It指代前文的跨年夜盛会，体现悉尼人对本土盛会的自豪感，衔接自然，故选C项。 49．根据下文“When it opened in 1973, architect Jorn Utzon gave Australia a symbol to proudly display on postage stamps — or launch fireworks from. The House, as it’s lovingly known, has over its half- decade helped to evolve Australian culture (1973年落成时，建筑师约恩·乌松为澳大利亚打造了一个象征——它既被骄傲地印在邮票上，也成了烟花绽放的舞台。这座被人们亲切称为“贝壳屋”的建筑，在其半个多世纪的岁月中，已然成为推动澳大利亚文化演进的重要力量)”可知，歌剧院已建成50年左右，下文围绕悉尼歌剧院的落成时间、历史意义展开，因此空格处需引出歌剧院的相关话题。B项“Across the water, the Sydney Opera House turned 50 in 2023. (隔水相望的悉尼歌剧院在 2023 年迎来了50周年华诞)”既点明了歌剧院的身份，又提及50周年的时间背景，为下文介绍其历史意义铺垫，故选B项。 50．根据上文“The modern nation of Australia may be young, but it is home to the oldest culture on earth. (现代澳大利亚或许是一个年轻的国家，但它是地球上最古老文化的发源地)”可知，此处需具体说明这一“最古老文化”的相关信息。E项“Indigenous (本土的，土著的) Australians have inhabited the continent for over 60,000 years. (澳大利亚土著居民已在这片大陆上居住了6万多年。)”承接上文，用具体的居住时间印证“最古老文化”的说法，且与下文 Creative Director 所说的“calling to our old people (向我们的先辈致敬)”相呼应，故选E项。 III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Long Journey The majority of the world’s clothes, bags and shoes are manufactured in Asia. But the region’s brands have made little headway in the West. Of the ten most valuable global apparel (服装) labels ranked by Millward Brown, a market-research firm, only Uniqlo is Asian. Li-Ning, one of China’s best-selling sportswear brands, tried to enter America in 2010. It opened a flagship store in Portland, Oregon and later launched an English-language online store. Both failed. What makes the journey so hard? Adjusting to Western tastes takes time. Although Uniqlo became the largest Japanese apparel brand by selling US-style clothing, it still encountered cultural barriers in America itself. For example, vests (背心) are one of Uniqlo’s most popular products at home, but relatively few Americans and Europeans wear an additional layer beneath their shirts, says Dairo Murata, an analyst at JPMorgan Chase, a bank. It was only two years ago the firm also realized that XL was not big enough in America; it now duly provides XXXL. Another problem, at least outside the big cities, is price. Uniqlo takes pride in the use of high-tech, comfortable fabrics (布料)，an attempt to differentiate itself from other basic clothing brands like Gap and Old Navy. But at Danbury Fair, a Connecticut shopping mall that is a barometer for retail trends in the suburbs, people prefer Primark, a super-cheap Irish retailer (零售商) which recently opened, to Uniqlo, which shut up shop in June. Mall visitors are conservative about fashion and about spending, explains F.K. Grunert, its manager. What still seems to work better is concentrating on urban centres, even though that means a smaller potential market. This month Uniqlo opened a stand-alone store in Manhattan’s Soho; such shops tend to do well. In 2002 it had 21 stores in Britain, dotted around the north-west, Midlands and south-east; now eight of the ten it still has are in London. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】    It’s hard for Asia’s fashion brands to appeal to Western customers. But why? They don’t know western tastes and culture very well so they need time to make adjustments. High price is another reason because suburban customers care more about price than fashion. So it may be a wise choice for Asian brands to open their shops in urban centres. 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述亚洲的衣服品牌进入西方国家的市场的道路很坎坷。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①The majority of the world’s clothes, bags and shoes are manufactured in Asia. But the region’s brands have made little headway in the West. ②What makes the journey so hard? ③Adjusting to Western tastes takes time. Although Uniqlo became the largest Japanese apparel brand by selling US-style clothing, it still encountered cultural barriers in America itself. ④Another problem, at least outside the big cities, is price. ⑤But at Danbury Fair, a Connecticut shopping mall that is a barometer for retail trends in the suburbs, people prefer Primark, a super-cheap Irish retailer (零售商) which recently opened, to Uniqlo, which shut up shop in June. Mall visitors are conservative about fashion and about spending, explains F.K. Grunert, its manager. ⑥What still seems to work better is concentrating on urban centres, even though that means a smaller potential market. 2.缜密构思 将第1，2，3，6四个要点进行重组，将第4，5两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 It’s hard for Asia’s fashion brands to appeal to Western customers. But why? They don’t know western tastes and culture very well so they need time to make adjustments. High price is another reason because suburban customers care more about price than fashion. So it may be a wise choice for Asian brands to open their shops in urban centres. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Although Uniqlo became the largest Japanese apparel brand by selling US-style clothing, it still encountered cultural barriers in America itself.（运用一个主从复合句体现了优衣库在美国遇到了文化冲击。其中Although引导的让步状语从句表达高级） 【高分句型2】But at Danbury Fair, a Connecticut shopping mall that is a barometer for retail trends in the suburbs, people prefer Primark, a super-cheap Irish retailer (零售商) which recently opened, to Uniqlo, which shut up shop in June.（运用一个复杂的主从复合句体现了美国郊区人的消费趋势。其中which引导的非限制性定语从句表达高级） 【高分句型3】What still seems to work better is concentrating on urban centres, even though that means a smaller potential market.（运用一个复杂的主从复合句体现了在美国的潜在市场。其中What引导的主语从句和even though引导的让步状语从句表达高级） IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．与传统的教学方法相比，我们新的措施致力于创新教学。（comparison）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In/By comparison with/to traditional methods, our new measures are dedicated/committed/devoted to innovative teaching. 【详解】考查固定短语和动词短语。根据句意，该句描述客观事实，使用一般现在时。表示“与……相比”为固定短语in/by comparison with/to，作状语，位于句首单词首字母需大写，表示“传统的教学方法”为traditional methods作宾语；表示“我们新的措施”为our new measures作主语；表示“致力于”为be dedicated/committed/devoted to，主语measures为复数，所以be动词用are，表示“创新教学”为innovative teaching作宾语。故翻译为In/By comparison with/to traditional methods, our new measures are dedicated/committed/devoted to innovative teaching. 53．由于市民不愿放弃旧习惯, 政府必须证明新政策合理。(justify) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The government must justify the new policy, because citizens are reluctant/unwilling to let go of/give up/ abandon old habits. 【详解】考查时态、原因状语从句和固定短语。根据汉语提示可知，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子含有because引导的原因状语从句；“政府”表达为the government，作主句主语，谓语动词为“必须证明”，表达为must justify，情态动词后接动词原形，“新政策”表达为the new policy，作justify的宾语；“市民”表达为citizens，作从句主语，“不愿”表达为be reluctant/unwilling to do sth.，主语为复数，be动词用are，“放弃”表达为let go of/give up/ abandon，“旧习惯”表达为old habits，作let go of/give up/ abandon的宾语。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为The government must justify the new policy, because citizens are reluctant/unwilling to let go of/give up/ abandon old habits. 54．时间管理不善已导致许多青少年几乎不能平衡学习与爱好。(next to) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Poor time management has made it next to impossible to strike/keep a balance between study and hobbies for many teenagers/adolescents. 【详解】考查动词、形式宾语和固定短语。根据句意，该句描述过去的行为对现在造成的影响，使用现在完成时。表示“时间管理不善”为poor time management作主语，位于句首单词首字母需大写；表示“已导致许多青少年几乎不能平衡学习与爱好”可理解为“已使得许多青少年几乎不能平衡学习与爱好”，此处可使用“make it+形容词+for sb.+宾补”结构，结合句意，此处为现在完成时，主语为不可数名词，助动词用has，所以谓语动词为has made；it为形式宾语；表示“几乎不能”为next to impossible作宾补，表示“许多青少年”为many teenagers/adolescents作介词for的宾语，表示“平衡学习与爱好”为不定式结构to strike/keep a balance between study and hobbies作真正的宾语。故翻译为Poor time management has made it next to impossible to strike/keep a balance between study and hobbies for many teenagers/adolescents. 55．无论周围环境如何，我们都不该把学习的机会视为理所当然，而应专注并保持内心的平静来应对日常生活中的挑战。(regardless) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Regardless of what the surrounding circumstances are/Regardless of surroundings, we must not take learning opportunities for granted but maintain focus and the peace of mind to tackle/handle/deal with/ cope with/address/approach challenges in daily life. 【详解】考查宾语从句。表示“无论周围环境如何”应用regardless of what the surrounding circumstances are/regardless of surroundings，what引导宾语从句，在从句中作表语；表示“我们”应用we；表示“应该”应用must；表示“把……视为理所当然”应用固定搭配take...for granted；表示“学习的机会”应用learning opportunities；表示“不是……而是……”应用not...but...；表示“保持”应用maintain，位于情态动词后面，take和maintain使用原形；表示“专注和内心的平静”应用focus and the peace of mind；表示“应对”应用tackle/handle/deal with/cope with/address/approach，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形；表示“日常生活中的挑战”应用challenges in daily life。故翻译为Regardless of what the surrounding circumstances are/Regardless of surroundings, we must not take learning opportunities for granted but maintain focus and the peace of mind to tackle/handle/deal with/cope with/ address/approach challenges in daily life. V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below. 你是明启中学高三学生王华，你的好友李明来信邀请你和他一起创办一个公众号（a public account），通过文字、图片、视频等多种形式向国内外读者推广和传播中国文化。请你给他回信，内容须包括： (1)你对该想法的支持和赞赏； (2)你对合作的期待和对分工的建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Li Ming, Thank you for your invitation to start a public account together to promote Chinese culture to domestic and international audiences. I am truly impressed by your idea, and I wholeheartedly support this initiative. I believe that utilizing various media forms like text, images, and videos will effectively showcase the richness and diversity of our culture. I am looking forward to working with you on this exciting project. As for our collaboration, I suggest we divide the tasks based on our strengths. You could handle video production and editing, given your excellent skills in that area, while I focus on creating engaging written content and selecting captivating images. This way, we can complement each other and ensure the quality of our content. I’m excited to embark on this cultural journey with you and can’t wait to see the impact we will achieve together. Best regards, Wang Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。好友李明来信邀请考生和他一起创办一个公众号，通过文字、图片、视频等多种形式向国内外读者推广和传播中国文化，要求考生按照要求给他回信。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 支持：support → endorse 前景：initiative → endeavor 展示：showcase → exhibit 集中注意力于：focus on → concentrate on 2. 句型拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Thank you for your invitation to start a public account together to promote Chinese culture to domestic and international audiences. 拓展句：Thank you for your invitation, which is to start a public account together to promote Chinese culture to domestic and international audiences. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I believe that utilizing various media forms like text, images, and videos will effectively showcase the richness and diversity of our culture.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和动名词作主语） 【高分句型2】As for our collaboration, I suggest we divide the tasks based on our strengths.（运用了省略了引导词that的宾语从句且从句使用了虚拟语气） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ Unit 1 Across the globe单元自测·基础卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. There’s a type of porridge (粥) in China that’s filled with tradition and celebrated for its delicious taste. Unfortunately, to my mind, it also has a funny name. Every year during the Laba Festival, which 1 (happen) on the eighth day of the 12th lunar month, Laba porridge is the food traditionally served. However, the first time I heard its name was in a nursery rhyme my daughter’s nanny sang to her, 2 goes: “after Laba is the Lunar New Year” to her. But thanks to my bad Chinese and her heavy accent, I instead heard Laba in different tones that changed the meaning to “poop (粪便)”. For a good two days I thought it was a nursery rhyme which, 3 help toddlers (幼儿) with potty (如厕) training. I was very wrong. The Laba Festival arrives before Lunar New Year. Traditionally observed by Buddhists to honor the enlightenment of Siddhartha Gautama, the festival is now 4 (much) of a time for reflection, gratitude and preparing for the upcoming Lunar New Year festivities. Laba porridge is delicious and beautiful. Its heartiness lies in its array of ingredients. While every family has their own variation, 5 typically includes a mix of beans, rice, nuts and dried fruits. The key ingredients, however, are glutinous rice (糯米), beans and various grains, cooked 6 the rice thickens. Each ingredient has symbolic significance around the ideas of prosperity and health. For example, red beans symbolize good luck and happiness, 7 glutinous rice signifies family unity. Traditionally, before the Lunar New Year, families gather to prepare Laba porridge together, fostering a sense of unity and 8 (share) traditions, much like how families in the US do with their Thanksgiving meals. It’s about the time you spend together 9 the food you eat. Laba porridge is one of those dishes that hold a special place in Chinese culinary heritage, 10 (combine) history, symbolism and a sense of community. In each steaming bowl of Laba porridge are well-wishes that one family member bestows upon another. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need A．ground       B．friction       C． load       D．collective      E. massive      F. preserving     G. attach         H. illustrating      I. dimensions     J. justify        K. permanent Stolen History: The Battle to Bring China’s Treasures Home The illegal trade of Chinese cultural artifacts (文物) has grown into a worldwide issue, showing how challenging it is to protect historical treasures in our modern age. Recent reports reveal shocking truths-ancient bronze tools from the Shang Dynasty and delicately made Tang Dynasty pottery figures keep disappearing from Chinese museums and dig sites. Many later emerge in major overseas auction houses, selling for millions while China struggles to get them back. UNESCO estimates more than 10 million Chinese relics remain abroad, with fewer than 1 in 10 ever returning — a/an 11 loss of cultural heritage. Some foreign collectors try to 12 keeping these stolen items by saying they’re “safer” in their care. This claim has no ethical 13 because it ignores history — countless artifacts were stolen during foreign invasions between 1840-1949. To Chinese people, these relics aren’t just objects; we 14 our 15 memory to them. A simple jade necklace might represent a family’s history across generations, while a bronze bell could symbolize ancient rituals. Growing 16 complicates recovery efforts. Foreign museums often demand ownership papers that were never made for items stolen over a century ago. Meanwhile, Chinese experts carry the heavy 17 of tracking stolen goods through old records, international laws, and tough negotiations. The fight to recover the Old Summer Palace’s zodiac animal statues (十二生肖兽首雕像) took 12 years and involved three governments, perfectly 18 these challenges. This issue has multiple 19 — it’s about law, history, and national pride. While recent successes like the 2019 return of a stolen eighth-century Buddhist mural (佛教壁画) bring hope, much work remains. Global cooperation and stricter art trade rules are essential. Protecting cultural heritage isn’t just China’s responsibility — it’s about 20 humanity’s shared story for generations to come. II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. 21 , the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, 22 little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists and parents were 23 various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed “to give children a good start 24 ” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. 25 , over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration and the ability to function as a member of a 26 . The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read 27 by their parents. In the recent 28 between Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented Americans 29 group experience as one of their top three choices. A/An 30 on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education. Like in America, there is 31 in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have 32 aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are 33 universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of 34 being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have 35 free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens. 21．A．Instead B．However C．Furthermore D．Meanwhile 22．A．surprisingly B．primarily C．strangely D．expectedly 23．A．criticized for B．associated with C．devoted to D．asked about 24．A．mentally B．physically C．academically D．financially 25．A．Beyond description B．Out of curiosity C．After all D．In contrast 26．A．society B．family C．group D．class 27．A．at home B．by law C．when needed D．with patience 28．A．consideration B．comparison C．prediction D．examination 29．A．doubted B．defined C．pretended D．listed 30．A．emphasis B．agreement C．compliment D．congratulation 31．A．difference B．diversity C．evidence D．setback 32．A．specific B．far-reaching C．important D．favorable 33．A．focused on B．combined with C．attached to D．separated from 34．A．happily B．quickly C．luckily D．eventually 35．A．introduced B．invented C．borrowed D．displayed Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A In many places, levelling up has been a boon for one sort of building. Derby put on an impressive show at the opening of its market hall in 1866. Visitors to the city, some of whom arrived on special trains, heard a performance of Handel’s Messiah and “a powerful and effective organ”. Today the hall echoes with the shouts of scaffolders. The rows of market stalls on the ground floor are lifeless, the traders having moved elsewhere. The building will not reopen until 2024. Even in its half-repaired state, Derby Market Hall is spectacular. It has a vast roof of glass and wood, with iron supports. It looks a little like St Pancras Station in London, which is not a surprise--the engineer Rowland Mason Ordish worked on both. Derby Council proudly expresses the comparison the other way around. St Pancras, it says, “has a comparable splendour to the roof of Derby Market Hall”. The Midlands and north of England are studded with Victorian market halls, which are frequently among the grandest buildings in their towns. Many are now being spruced up. Work is under way, or expected to begin soon, on market buildings in Brighouse, Bury, Carlisle, Derby, Doncaster, Goole, Lincoln, Newcastle and Southport. Newport market in Wales reopened in March. In many places, the single most tangible consequence of the government’s “levelling up” programme to reduce regional inequality is that something is being done to the indoor market. Market halls were one weapon in the 19th-century campaign against street traders. People who hawked food from carts and baskets were accused of obstructing traffic, cheating shoppers and creating noise and disorder. They were a “crying evil”, as the burghers of Bolton put it. The traders were swept from the streets and into covered halls, where intense competition would in theory keep prices low. Few halls were built in London or south-east England. London was by the 19th century far too large for centralised retail markets to fulfil people’s needs. Because every town wanted a more spectacular market hall than its neighbours, they became enormous and ornate. They were orderly, at least in theory. Drunk customers were barred Wolverhampton hired a market policeman to crack down on loitering boys; a hall in Newton Abbot even had a jail cell. In Leeds fruit-sellers were reprimanded for their “habit of making a great noise and wearing an objectionable costume in front of their shops, causing annoyance to the other tenants, and unduly attracting customers”. 36．According to the first two paragraphs, what event marked the opening of Derby Market Hall in1866? A．The arrival of a famous architect. B．A grand performance of Handel’s Messiah. C．The introduction of new market stalls. D．The announcement of a restoration project. 37．What is the meaning of the word “spruced up” in the context of the passage? A．Destroyed. B．Improved. C．Expanded. D．Abandoned. 38．Based on paragraph 4, what underlying social issues were Victorian market halls attempting to address? A．They aimed to improve architectural aesthetics in towns with grand buildings. B．They sought to control street traders accused of causing public disturbances and unfair trading practices. C．They were designed to centralize retail markets in response to overcrowded city conditions. D．They intended to boost local economies by creating more commercial opportunities for townspeople. 39．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Victorian Market Halls of London B．The Decline of Traditional Market Stalls C．The Restoration and Legacy of Victorian Market Halls D．The Role of Street Traders in 19th-Century England B TROUBLESHOOTING For possible malfunctions as described below, please contact Customer Services at 1-800-2020-123. PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE SOLUTION The coffee is not hot. ·The cups were not preheated. Warm the cups by rinsing them with hot water（N.B．you can use the hot water function）. Coffee does not come out of the spouts. ·The spouts are blocked. Clean the spouts with a toothpick. The coffee does not come out of the spouts, but from around the service e door. ·The holes in the spouts are clogged with dry coffee dust. ·The coffee guide inside the service door is blocked and cannot swing. ·Clean the spouts with a toothpick, sponge or hard bristled kitchen brush. ·Thoroughly clean the coffee guide. particularly near the hinges. The frothed milk has large bubbles. ·The milk is not cold enough or is not semi-skimmed. ·You should ideally use skimmed or semi-skimmed milk at refrigerator temperature （about 5℃）. If the result is not as you wished, try changing brand of milk. The milk is not frothed（起泡）. ·Cappuccino maker is dirty. ·Clean as described in the section “Cleaning the cappuccino maker after use”. Steam delivery stops ·A safety device stops steam delivery after 3 minutes. ·Wait, then activate the steam function again. The appliance does not come on. ·It is not plugged into the mains socket. ·The main switch（A2） is not turned on. ·Plug into the mains socket. ·Place the main switch in the I position. 40．If the appliance doesn't work, which of the following may be the cause? A．It has been used for many years. B．It is not plugged into the socket. C．Its temperature is too high. D．Its spouts are blocked. 41．According to the table, which of the following is true? A．If coffee taste bitter, you may add some milk and sugar. B．If coffee is delivered too slowly, you may wait and activate the function again. C．If coffee doesn't come out of spouts, you may check them with a toothpick. D．If milk is not frothed, you may use semi-skimmed milk. 42．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A coffee bean package. B．A cappuccino coffee machine booklet. C．A cappuccino coffee machine advertisement. D．A coffee machine quality report. C A report consistently brought back by visitors to the U.S. is how friendly, courteous and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the U.S. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: If you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Today, there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary travelers. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the U.S., especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. “I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon, he invited me home for dinner — amazing.” Such observations reported by visitors to the U.S. are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America, a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to “translate” cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word “friend,” the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers. 43．In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, __________. A．rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the U.S. B．small-minded officials deserve a serious comment C．Canadians are not as friendly as their neighbors D．most Americans are ready to offer help 44．It could be inferred from the passage that __________. A．social patterns and historical traditions are inseparable B．people in remote and difficult areas used to be more friendly C．various virtues exposed to strangers or neighbors are superficial D．being friendly to strangers is particularly important to Americans 45．The tradition of American hospitality to strangers __________. A．tends to be superficial and artificial B．is generally well kept up in the United States C．is always understood properly D．has something to do with the busy tourist trails 46．Which of the following can be learned from the last paragraph? A．American culture is confusing to most travelers. B．Americans usually don’t mean what they say. C．Words don’t always translate American culture properly. D．Learning English is the first thing to known American culture. Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Sydney’s Plan to Be the New Year’s Eve Capital of the World Dean Jacobowski stands atop the Sydney Opera House as the first glimmer of the day’s summer sun bounces from the famous white sails. It’s early in the morning, three days before New Year’s Eve. The harbor is Jacobowski’s canvas (画布). 47 “It’s the most recognized structure in the world, so just playing a small role in that is amazing,” Jacobowski tells reporters down below. “There are one billion people that tune in to watch the fireworks, so yeah ... no pressure to get the fireworks right,” he laughs. After midnight hits, Jacobowski’s crew will outfit the Sydney Opera House with 36,000 shooting effects, 13,000 airborne shells, and over 75,000 pyrotechnic effects that will explode across the bay. Sydney’s local government, which calls its city the “New Year’s Eve Capital of the World” has also set 7,000 firework cues on the Sydney Harbour Bridge, wanting it to“dance with color”. While the official New Year’s Eve extravagant (盛会) focuses on the Harbour Bridge and Opera House, Sydney’s big night is felt across the city, lighting up individual streets, homes and businesses with the atmosphere of the evening. 48 49 When it opened in 1973, architect Jorn Utzon gave Australia a symbol to proudly display on postage stamps — or launch fireworks from. The House, as it’s lovingly known, has over its half-decade helped to evolve Australian culture. The modern nation of Australia may be young, but it is home to the oldest culture on earth. 50 “We are calling to our old people for strength in this moment and to also celebrate their achievements and the knowledge they have passed down. I hope to create a memorable event for everyone to take part in. This platform allows us to share our truth, our stories, our voice with the world,” the show’s Creative Director said. The world will be watching. A．He plans to paint it with fireworks. B．Across the water, the Sydney Opera House turned 50 in 2023. C．It is something the Sydneysiders are immensely proud of. D．Australia is one of the first places in the world to ring in the new year. E．Indigenous (本土的，土著的) Australians have inhabited the continent for over 60,000 years. F．We’re such a young country and to have such an iconic place is very special. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Long Journey The majority of the world’s clothes, bags and shoes are manufactured in Asia. But the region’s brands have made little headway in the West. Of the ten most valuable global apparel (服装) labels ranked by Millward Brown, a market-research firm, only Uniqlo is Asian. Li-Ning, one of China’s best-selling sportswear brands, tried to enter America in 2010. It opened a flagship store in Portland, Oregon and later launched an English-language online store. Both failed. What makes the journey so hard? Adjusting to Western tastes takes time. Although Uniqlo became the largest Japanese apparel brand by selling US-style clothing, it still encountered cultural barriers in America itself. For example, vests (背心) are one of Uniqlo’s most popular products at home, but relatively few Americans and Europeans wear an additional layer beneath their shirts, says Dairo Murata, an analyst at JPMorgan Chase, a bank. It was only two years ago the firm also realized that XL was not big enough in America; it now duly provides XXXL. Another problem, at least outside the big cities, is price. Uniqlo takes pride in the use of high-tech, comfortable fabrics (布料)，an attempt to differentiate itself from other basic clothing brands like Gap and Old Navy. But at Danbury Fair, a Connecticut shopping mall that is a barometer for retail trends in the suburbs, people prefer Primark, a super-cheap Irish retailer (零售商) which recently opened, to Uniqlo, which shut up shop in June. Mall visitors are conservative about fashion and about spending, explains F.K. Grunert, its manager. What still seems to work better is concentrating on urban centres, even though that means a smaller potential market. This month Uniqlo opened a stand-alone store in Manhattan’s Soho; such shops tend to do well. In 2002 it had 21 stores in Britain, dotted around the north-west, Midlands and south-east; now eight of the ten it still has are in London. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．与传统的教学方法相比，我们新的措施致力于创新教学。（comparison）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 53．由于市民不愿放弃旧习惯, 政府必须证明新政策合理。(justify) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 54．时间管理不善已导致许多青少年几乎不能平衡学习与爱好。(next to) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 55．无论周围环境如何，我们都不该把学习的机会视为理所当然，而应专注并保持内心的平静来应对日常生活中的挑战。(regardless) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below. 你是明启中学高三学生王华，你的好友李明来信邀请你和他一起创办一个公众号（a public account），通过文字、图片、视频等多种形式向国内外读者推广和传播中国文化。请你给他回信，内容须包括： (1)你对该想法的支持和赞赏； (2)你对合作的期待和对分工的建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $