Unit 2 Things that matter（单元自测·提升卷）英语沪教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 2 Things that matter单元测试·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） （参考答案） 1．was consumed/was being consumed 2．to have left 3．falling 4．associated 5．how 6．as/that 7．the straightest 8．when 9．Despite 10．whoever 11．AC 12．BC 13．C 14．B 15．AB 16．A 17．ABC 18．D 19．CD 20．BD 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．C 31．A 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．A 36．C 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．C 41．B 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．D 46．A 47．D 48．E 49．A 50．B 51．      Of the 7.5 billion people worldwide, around 30 million lead a nomadic life. The Bedouin of the Middle East are known for their desert travel and strong community bonds. The Moken of the Mergui Archipelago live on the sea, adapting to tourism and restrictions. The Sami of Scandinavia, reindeer herders, are restoring their culture despite modern borders and regulations. 52．The difficulties you overcome will end up making you strong. 53．Bear in mind to keep calm and call 110 first when an emergency occurs. 54．Whether you are distracted in class or exhausted due to the heavy academic burden, please turn to your teacher for help in time. 55．Stories that inspire people on the Internet are labeled with “positive energy” and they describe the persistent struggles of ordinary people, inspiring more people to write their own glorious chapters. 56． Dear UNESCO “Guardians of Intangible Heritage” Team, I am a high school student from China and eager to join your project to protect intangible cultural heritage. I would like to introduce the art of Chinese paper-cutting. Paper-cutting is a unique art form with over 1,500 years of history. It uses scissors or knives to cut paper into various shapes, such as flowers, animals, and characters, symbolizing good luck and blessings. It not only reflects Chinese cultural values but also serves as a medium for family traditions. However, with modernization, fewer young people learn this skill, and many traditional techniques are at risk of being lost. If selected, I plan to interview elderly artisans to record their stories and techniques, and organize online workshops to teach peers how to make paper-cuts. I believe these efforts can help preserve this art. Thank you for considering my application. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ Unit 2 Things that matter单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Notre Dame Cathedral Reconstruction Project Takes a Big Leap Forward Four years ago, the world looked on in horror as Paris’s Notre Dame cathedral (巴黎圣母院),   1 (consume) in flames. Astonishingly, most of the church structure survived, but the 19th century spire (尖顶) was destroyed. The fire is still considered an accident. Nearly 50 investigators have been assigned to the case thus far. They mostly focus on construction workers who were participating in the $6.8 million renovation (翻新) effort on Monday prior to the fire. By the time fire alarms began going off, the workmen appeared 2 (leave). Glenn Corbett, an associate professor of fire science at John Jay College said “There’s a history of churches and other houses of worship 3 (fall) victim to construction fires.” He further explained that this was often caused by the open flames and sparks 4 (associate) with welding (焊接) and similar construction hazards (危害) combined with flammable materials like the wooden beams that made up the interior of Notre-Dame’s roof. The teams working on the reconstruction of the spire used the original 19th century plans by architect Eugene Viollet-le-Duc. But they relied on modern computers to run 1,600 hours of calculations to figure out just 5 it was built, and the potential effects of weather and time on the new structure. After drawing up 320 different versions for the new spire, they were finally ready to build one. “It will be exactly the same cathedral 6 it was by Viollet-le-Duc,” said Georgelin, the man in charge of the spire project. The timber for the spire came from public and private woodlands across France, including some that once belonged to the king and the Catholic church. Only 7 (straight) oak trees — all of them at least  100 years old — were chosen. The central part of the spire is now complete, and it will be taken to Paris in August to be placed on the roof of the cathedral. Work on the rest of the spire continues and it will follow, piece by piece, until the end of this year, 8 it’s expected to soar once again up into the Paris skyline. 9 the hardship it has faced, Notre-Dame continues to symbolize the spirit of Paris. The cathedral’s magnificence and enduring presence inspire awe in 10 visits it. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need A．    integrate    B．celebrates     C． present    D．adapt      AB．symbolism   AC． honors  AD．maintain  BC． commitment  BD．vitality   CD．rightful   ABC． identity On December 4, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) put the Spring Festival on its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The UNESCO’s recognition 11 the Spring Festival not only as a symbol of China’s over 5,000-year-old civilization but also as a living tradition that goes beyond time strengthening family bonds, social harmony and cultural understanding. Its recognition is a proof of China’s 12 to preserving and sharing its intangible cultural heritage with the world highlighting the universal values 13 in its most beloved traditions. The Spring Festival is far more than a holiday. Deeply rooted in ancient agrarian societies (农耕社会), it 14 renewal, family reunion, gratitude, serving as a kaleidoscope (万花筒) of meaningful rituals, customs and artistic expressions, from the iconic lion dances and red lanterns to the 15 of reunion dinners and red packets. UNESCO’s recognition also underlines the importance of the Spring Festival as a cultural bridge, connecting the past and present while offering the world a glimpse into the heart of Chinese culture. China’s proactive(积极主动的) approach to protecting its intangible heritage is in line with UNESCO’s broader goals, showcasing how modernity and tradition can coexist. China’s efforts in cultural preservation are varied, covering education, documentation and active promotion. Schools 16 lessons about traditional customs, such as the significance of red couplets (对联) and dumpling-making, into their curricula. Local governments organize community events to ensure that rural areas maintain their cultural 17 . Putting the Spring Festival on UNESCO’s list enhances this commitment, serving as a reminder that cultural diversity enriches humanity as a whole. It also highlights the importance of preserving living traditions that evolve yet retain(保留) their core essence. In a globalized world this dynamic ensures that heritage can 18 without losing its soul. As the Spring Festival takes its 19 place among the world’s most treasured cultural practices, it reminds us that heritage is not just a relic of the past but a guide for the future, a source of 20 , inspiration and connection in an ever-changing world. The festival’s journey from local tradition to global treasure is powerful evidence to display the lasting strength of culture in uniting humanity. II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. When we visit museums, we see cultural artifacts—from everyday household items to precious carvings and statues, which give us glimpses into the diverse cultures and communities from around the world. 21 , controversy surrounds these artifacts and whether or not countries should return these pieces of culture if they were stolen or forcefully taken during colonization. On Wednesday, October 7, 2020, the Dutch advisory committee officially released a national report 22 to the return of cultural artifacts that were stolen from its previous colonies such as Indonesia, Suriname, and islands on the Caribbean. Through these actions, the Dutch government acknowledges the unfair treatment the colonies had previously experienced and 23 respect for the culture of these countries. Let’s look at the issue and the two sides of the 24 . Stolen Artifacts By the 18th and 19th centuries, European countries had colonized many African and Asian countries. During their 25 , they either seized artifacts or took them as spoils of wars, and brought them to their own countries where they are now displayed in museums. In 2017, the Government of Benin in West Africa negotiated with the British Museum in London to return their renowned Benin Bronzes, a collection of thousands of metal sculptures and plaques, which were 26 hung in the royal palace of the Kingdom of Benin. The debate regarding this issue 27 in 2018 when under President Emmanuel Macron, a report was released that directed that all heritage objects brought to French museums (without the permission of their original countries) be restored. With the official release of this report, museums all across Europe began to 28 their previous policies on colonial treasures. In France, twenty-seven artifacts had been identified for restoration, but only one—a traditional sword belonging to Senegal, has been 29 . Then, on Tuesday, October 6, 2020, France’s National Assembly officially passed a bill 30 the return of these heritage artifacts, twenty-six of which alone belonged to Benin, but didn’t arrange a certain date. The Debate Those who propose returning these objects to their original homes 31 that with technology enabling virtual museum tours, returning these artifacts to their homeland does not take away the opportunity to learn about them. 32 , the country of origin will receive a significant part of their heritage back, and these artifacts will be given a chance to be truly appreciated under proper historical context. Those against the restoration claim that culture is a 33 treasure and the artifacts are in fact “cultural ambassadors” that promote tolerance and understanding. They believe that while stealing them was 34 , history is full of “good” and “bad” actors. Moreover, they feel that keeping the cultural objects in the current museums have kept millions of artifacts 35 disfiguration and damage. 21．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Otherwise D．However 22．A．contributing B．agreeing C．looking D．objecting 23．A．restricts B．advocates C．demonstrates D．earns 24．A．debate B．conclusion C．myth D．assumption 25．A．profile B．rule C．reform D．closure 26．A．cautiously B．secretly C．officially D．previously 27．A．took a turn B．made a stir C．had a trick D．missed a point 28．A．applaud B．reconsider C．submit D．publicize 29．A．spotted B．damaged C．sharpened D．returned 30．A．postponing B．prohibiting C． promising D．demanding 31．A．argue B．object C．doubt D．challenges 32．A．Furthermore B．Contrarily C．Indeed D．Thus 33．A．hidden B．shared C．lost D．cherished 34．A．justified B．wrong C．lawful D．involuntary 35．A．safe from B．accessible to C．absent from D．subject to Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil and was transferred to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role but soon realised that managing her new team would be a challenge. Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she announced her decisions on the project, they would continue giving their opinions as if it was still up for discussion. What Gabriela was experiencing was a cultural conflict in expectations. She was used to a more hierarchical framework where the team leader and manager took control and gave specific instructions on how things were to be done. This more directive management style worked well for her and her team in Brazil but did not transfer well to her new team in Sweden, who were more used to a flatter hierarchy where decision making was more democratic. Dutch social psychologist Geert Hofstede uses the concept of “power distance” to describe how power is distributed and how hierarchy is perceived in different cultures. In her previous work environment, Gabriela was used to a high power distance culture where power and authority are respected and everyone has their rightful place. In such a culture, leaders make the big decisions and are not often challenged. Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where subordinates often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches or mentors who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged. When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she took the initiative to have an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership. Pleased to be asked for their thoughts, Gabriela’s team openly expressed that they were not used to being told what to do. They enjoyed having more room for initiative and creative freedom. With a better understanding of the underlying reasons behind each other’s behaviour, Gabriela and her team were able to adapt their way of working. Gabriela was then able to make adjustments to her management style so as to better fit the expectations of her team and more effectively motivate her team to achieve their goals. 36．Gabriela found it a challenge to manage her new team because her Swedish team ____________. A．preferred discussions to giving opinions B．lacked clear communication guidelines C．valued cooperative decision-making D．tended to keep a leader at a distance 37．The word “hierarchical” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ____________. A．structured B．external C．de-centralised D．short-sighted 38．Which of the following describes behaviors typical in a low power distance culture? ①　The manager acts as a guide but encourages input from the team. ②　Team members do not usually challenge the manager. ③　The manager involves the team in making decisions together. ④　The manager has a lot of control over what happens. ⑤　Team members can take the initiative to do things their way. A．①④⑤ B．②③④ C．①③⑤ D．③④⑤ 39．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Strict hierarchies ensure successful projects globally. B．Power distance solves cultural conflicts effectively. C．Swedish teams resist leadership due to lower expectation. D．Cultural hierarchy gaps require adapting management styles. 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GENTLY UNWIND: Enjoy over 100 free tracks, from breathwork and sound baths to all kinds of white noise and nature sounds. AI-GENERATED PERSONAL STORIES: Loftie’s Magic Story Maker AI has an upgraded feature that lets you create sleep stories with Typeform. It then uses ChatGPT and ElevenLabs AI to craft your story. Unlocking the Magic Story Maker AI requires an upgrade to a Loftie+ account in the app ($5 per month). POWERED BY: AC power 40．_____ is the most suitable for Joana, whose baby sleeps in her room. A．LectroFan Classic B．Yogasleep Rohm+ C．Hatch Rest+ D．Loftie Clock 41．If you want to buy a white noise machine for your friend Tim, who often travels on business, you need to pay _____. A．$34.95. B．$40.03. C．$159.99. D．$149.00. 42．What can be learned about the four white noise machines? A．The four of them can all produce white noise and nature sounds. B．One of them can help you create your own sleep stories for free. C．Two of them can be powered by both AC and rechargeable batteries. D．Two of them can not only help you fall asleep but also wake you up. C Saved or Stolen? The British Museum has a well-earned reputation as an “encyclopaedic” museum, with a global story told through eight million objects. Inside, a wide-ranging collection includes everything from prehistoric pottery to precious handmade jewellery from India and Ming Dynasty vases from China. The museum helps us understand how events that happened at different times and in different places were connected, and how they influenced each other. Indeed, this was the vision of its founder, Sir Hans Sloane, who tried setting up cross-cultural comparisons in his original collection in 1753. As you walk around the British Museum today, it’s clear that Sloane’s broad-minded vision is very much alive and well. What’s less clear is how the museum acquired many of the objects on display and whether they should remain there. The collection has an obvious political dimension: while some objects have a well-documented history, others were added during Britain’s colonial period, so it’s possible they were stolen from famous archaeological sites or acquired in the war. Imagine having an important national monument from your country kept permanently in another country. How would you feel? Would you try to get the country to return it? It’s not surprising that many countries have gone on to ask for their treasures back. However; where they should be kept is a question that is still heatedly debated. The Rosetta Stone is a well-known exhibit that illustrates this problem. Carved in 196BCE, the stone was the key to unlocking the language of the ancient Egyptians. It was first discovered in 1799 near the town of el-Rashid (Rosetta) by soldiers in Napoleon’s army, but on Napoleon’s defeat in 1801, it became the property of the British. Many of the museum’s treasures were acquired in a similar way, but unsurprisingly, the British Museum is reluctant to let the Rosetta Stone go. It argues that more people see the Stone in London than they would in Cairo, the location is more secure and the exhibit is a critical part of its global collection. The Egyptian government has other ideas and is trying to persuade the museum to return it. They claim that it’s important for their nation’s history and identity, and that many Egyptians can’t afford to go to London to see it. But the British Museum won’t let the Rosetta Stone go, even as a loan, as they fear it won’t be returned. The British Museum is a place dedicated to international understanding, and the advantages of an encyclopaedic museum are clear to see: “We need to explore common ground, how people perceive their relationship to each other...and (to) see human history as an ongoing joint project,” explains MacGregor, former director of the British Museum. But this attempt to bring different cultures together has been self-defeating, ultimately having the opposite effect: taking treasures from other countries has resulted in never-ending international arguments and frosty relations with foreign governments. So as you admire the breathtaking objects on display at the museum, think about their heritage. Remember to ask yourself: Does the end justify the means? Is taking an object for a museum different from theft? And shouldn’t important objects be exhibited where they were originally made? 43．Which of the following words is similar in meaning to “encyclopaedic” (paragraph 1) ? A．being famous for its modern exhibitions. B．focusing only on ancient artifacts. C．containing a wide range of knowledge or information. D．owned by a private collector for personal use. 44．Why does the British Museum refuse to return the Rosetta Stone to Egypt? A．Because Egypt lacks the financial resources to protect it. B．Because more visitors can see it in London and its location is safer. C．Because the stone was legally purchased during colonial times. D．Because the Egyptian government has not formally requested its return. 45．The author’s attitude toward the British Museum’s argument is ______. A．strongly supportive B．completely neutral C．slightly skeptical D．openly against 46．What can be inferred about the “encyclopaedic museum” vision? A．It ignores the historical context of artifact acquisition. B．It successfully promotes global cultural harmony. C．It intentionally worsen international tensions. D．It prioritizes scientific research over national heritage. Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Have We Forgotten How to Enjoy Our Free Time? Leisure is the price, right? We work hard, so we want to play hard, we look forward to our time off, believing that the more leisure time we have, the better life will be. Enjoying that time — or savoring that end goal — should come naturally. However, research shows that both having and deciding how to spend leisure time can be very stressful. 47 This pressure to maximize our fun might be getting in the way of our enjoyment of the leisure itself. What’s wrong? In fact, the way we perceive and value leisure has changed, problematically. Understanding this evolution and finding ways to change our attitudes surrounding leisure could help people to start enjoying themselves once again. 48 In ancient Greece, most of the labor was outsourced to slaves, while wealthier parts of society pursued other activities. Leisure was an active state of mind. Good leisure meant playing sports, debating qualified peers, and doing philosophy. Leisure was not easy, but it was supposed to be rewarding. Today, however, a lack of leisure time operates as a powerful status symbol. In the workplace, being part of the long-hours working culture is seen by many as a badge of honor. This fuels the idea that we must maximize leisure’s enjoyment value and make every hour count when we actually do get some time off. This might not necessarily be a bad thing. 49 New research shows that we judge future positive events as both farther away and shorter than negative or neutral ones, leading us to feel as if a holiday is over as soon as it begins. Fortunately, there are ways to help out. 50 For holidays. do one thing that is “completely crazy” in the middle, such as bungee jumping and one equally insane thing at the end, say, an extravagant meal, to elevate the entire experience. For most people, the persistent fear that we are not using our time “right” can derail the very purpose of leisure, because the only “right” way to have leisure is to relax, let your guard down, make good memories, and trust the pieces will fall into place. A．But too much anticipation might set us up for a seemingly zero-duration holiday. B．Experts recommend using the peak-end rule, which influences the way we remember events. C．Equally, the way we chase the best leisure experiences has made recreation more stressful than ever. D．People of today tend to feel enormous pressure to make the best use of their downtime by making the best choices. E．Two thousand years ago, concepts of “work” and “leisure” was respectively associated with servitude (奴役) and freedom. F．Some people work to acquire collectable experiences that are unusual, novel or extreme to make our leisure time productive. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Nomadic (游牧的) Cultures Out of a global population of 7.5 billion, about 30 million people lead nomadic lifestyles. Such cultures can be found across continents, each with its own unique practices and adaptations. The Bedouin of the Middle East are famous for their traditional nomadic lifestyle. Historically, they were desert travellers who moved along fixed routes to find grazing land and water for their livestock. Their way of life was deeply rooted in strong community bonds and a sense of unity known as asabiyya. Their ability to protect their communities and live in the harsh desert environment was greatly influenced by their tight-knit social structure and adaptive strategies. The Moken, also known as sea gypsies, live in the Mergui Archipelago between Myanmar and Thailand. Their nomadic lifestyle is closely connected to the sea. During the dry season, they live on traditional houseboats, while in the rainy season, they build temporary villages on sheltered beaches. The Moken’s culture places a strong emphasis on sharing and community, reflected in their language, which lacks words for individual possessions. Despite their rich cultural traditions, the Moken face significant challenges due to government restrictions on their hunter-gatherer practices and the pressures of increasing tourism. These changes have forced them to adapt while trying to maintain their cultural heritage. The Sami, native to the tundras and taigas of northern Scandinavia, traditionally practiced reindeer herding (驯鹿放牧) across what are now Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. The Sami way of life has been restricted by modern national borders, but their culture, which values knowledge and the preservation of language and traditions, has made a comeback in recent years. The Sami have had to manage modern regulations while working to survive and maintain their rich cultural traditions. These three nomadic cultures — each with its distinct traditions and adaptations — demonstrate the diversity and flexibility of communities that continue to navigate the challenges of a changing world while preserving their unique ways of life. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) 52．你所克服的困难终将使你强大。（end up）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 53．发生紧急情况时，牢记保持头脑冷静，先打110。(bear)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 54．无论你是因为上课时走神还是因为学业负担过重而心力交瘁，请及时向老师求助! (turn to) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 55．网络上催人奋进的故事被网友们贴上了“正能量”的标签，它们描述了普通人坚持不懈的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章。(label v.) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. UNESCO (联合国教科文组织)正在发起一个名为“Guardians of Intangible Heritage”的国际青年项目，旨在招募全球青年通过数字手段记录、保护和推广各自社区的非物质文化遗产(如方言、民间故事、传统手工艺、节庆等)。请你以一名中国高中生的身份，向该项目撰写一封申请信。 信的内容必须包括： 1.介绍一项中国非物质文化遗产，并阐述其独特价值和当前面临的挑战。 2.提出你的计划方案。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Things that matter单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Notre Dame Cathedral Reconstruction Project Takes a Big Leap Forward Four years ago, the world looked on in horror as Paris’s Notre Dame cathedral (巴黎圣母院),   1 (consume) in flames. Astonishingly, most of the church structure survived, but the 19th century spire (尖顶) was destroyed. The fire is still considered an accident. Nearly 50 investigators have been assigned to the case thus far. They mostly focus on construction workers who were participating in the $6.8 million renovation (翻新) effort on Monday prior to the fire. By the time fire alarms began going off, the workmen appeared 2 (leave). Glenn Corbett, an associate professor of fire science at John Jay College said “There’s a history of churches and other houses of worship 3 (fall) victim to construction fires.” He further explained that this was often caused by the open flames and sparks 4 (associate) with welding (焊接) and similar construction hazards (危害) combined with flammable materials like the wooden beams that made up the interior of Notre-Dame’s roof. The teams working on the reconstruction of the spire used the original 19th century plans by architect Eugene Viollet-le-Duc. But they relied on modern computers to run 1,600 hours of calculations to figure out just 5 it was built, and the potential effects of weather and time on the new structure. After drawing up 320 different versions for the new spire, they were finally ready to build one. “It will be exactly the same cathedral 6 it was by Viollet-le-Duc,” said Georgelin, the man in charge of the spire project. The timber for the spire came from public and private woodlands across France, including some that once belonged to the king and the Catholic church. Only 7 (straight) oak trees — all of them at least  100 years old — were chosen. The central part of the spire is now complete, and it will be taken to Paris in August to be placed on the roof of the cathedral. Work on the rest of the spire continues and it will follow, piece by piece, until the end of this year, 8 it’s expected to soar once again up into the Paris skyline. 9 the hardship it has faced, Notre-Dame continues to symbolize the spirit of Paris. The cathedral’s magnificence and enduring presence inspire awe in 10 visits it. 【答案】 1．was consumed/was being consumed 2．to have left 3．falling 4．associated 5．how 6．as/that 7．the straightest 8．when 9．Despite 10．whoever 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是巴黎圣母院大教堂重建项目的重大进展。 1．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：四年前，全世界都惊恐地看着巴黎圣母院被大火吞噬。巴黎圣母院是被大火吞噬，句子用被动语态，由Four years ago可知，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，也可理解为人们在看的时候巴黎圣母院正在被大火吞噬，因此也可用过去进行时的被动语态，主语Paris’s Notre Dame cathedral是一个地方，因此空格处是was (being) consumed。故填was (being) consumed。 2．考查不定式和时态。句意：警开始响起时，工人们似乎已经离开了。appear to do意为“似乎做某事”，由By the time可知，空格处用不定式的完成式to have left。故填to have left。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：教堂和其他礼拜场所曾多次成为施工火灾的受害者。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，churches and other houses of worship和fall之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，故填falling。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：他进一步解释说，这通常是由与焊接和类似建筑危险相关的明火和火花以及构成巴黎圣母院屋顶内部的木梁等易燃材料引起的。句中谓语是was often caused，空格处用非谓语动词，open flames and sparks和associate之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填associated。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：但他们依靠现代计算机进行了1600小时的计算，以弄清楚它是如何建造的，以及天气和时间对新结构的潜在影响。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，句子表示“以弄清楚它是如何建造的”，因此空格处表示“如何”，是how，故填how。 6．考查定语从句。句意：它将与Viollet-le-Duc时期的大教堂一模一样。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，空前有the same，因此空格处用as/that引导定语从句，构成the same as/that...固定搭配，意为“与……一样”，故填as/that。 7．考查最高级。句意：只选择了最直的橡树——它们都至少有100年的树龄。根据语境可知，句子表示“只选择了最直的橡树”，空格处用最高级the straightest，表示“最直的”，故填the straightest。 8．考查定语从句。句意：塔尖的其余部分仍在继续，并将一块一块地跟进，直到今年年底，预计它将再次高耸入巴黎的天际线。空格处引导是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词the end of this year是时间，因此用关系副词when引导定语从句，故填when。 9．考查介词。句意：尽管经历了重重困难，但巴黎圣母院仍然是巴黎精神的象征。根据语境可知，句子表示“尽管经历了重重困难，但巴黎圣母院仍然是巴黎精神的象征”，空格处意为“尽管”，是despite，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Despite。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：大教堂的宏伟和持久的存在使参观它的人感到敬畏。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“大教堂的宏伟和持久的存在使参观它的人感到敬畏”，空格处意为“任何人”，用whoever，故填whoever。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need A．    integrate    B．celebrates     C． present    D．adapt      AB．symbolism   AC． honors  AD．maintain  BC． commitment  BD．vitality   CD．rightful   ABC． identity On December 4, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) put the Spring Festival on its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The UNESCO’s recognition 11 the Spring Festival not only as a symbol of China’s over 5,000-year-old civilization but also as a living tradition that goes beyond time strengthening family bonds, social harmony and cultural understanding. Its recognition is a proof of China’s 12 to preserving and sharing its intangible cultural heritage with the world highlighting the universal values 13 in its most beloved traditions. The Spring Festival is far more than a holiday. Deeply rooted in ancient agrarian societies (农耕社会), it 14 renewal, family reunion, gratitude, serving as a kaleidoscope (万花筒) of meaningful rituals, customs and artistic expressions, from the iconic lion dances and red lanterns to the 15 of reunion dinners and red packets. UNESCO’s recognition also underlines the importance of the Spring Festival as a cultural bridge, connecting the past and present while offering the world a glimpse into the heart of Chinese culture. China’s proactive(积极主动的) approach to protecting its intangible heritage is in line with UNESCO’s broader goals, showcasing how modernity and tradition can coexist. China’s efforts in cultural preservation are varied, covering education, documentation and active promotion. Schools 16 lessons about traditional customs, such as the significance of red couplets (对联) and dumpling-making, into their curricula. Local governments organize community events to ensure that rural areas maintain their cultural 17 . Putting the Spring Festival on UNESCO’s list enhances this commitment, serving as a reminder that cultural diversity enriches humanity as a whole. It also highlights the importance of preserving living traditions that evolve yet retain(保留) their core essence. In a globalized world this dynamic ensures that heritage can 18 without losing its soul. As the Spring Festival takes its 19 place among the world’s most treasured cultural practices, it reminds us that heritage is not just a relic of the past but a guide for the future, a source of 20 , inspiration and connection in an ever-changing world. The festival’s journey from local tradition to global treasure is powerful evidence to display the lasting strength of culture in uniting humanity. 【答案】 11．AC 12．BC 13．C 14．B 15．AB 16．A 17．ABC 18．D 19．CD 20．BD 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕联合国教科文组织将春节列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录这一事件展开，详细说明了春节被列入名录的意义、春节的文化内涵、中国在保护非物质文化遗产方面的努力以及春节成为全球文化瑰宝的重要性。 11．考查动词。句意：教科文组织对春节的认可，不仅将其视为中国五千年文明的象征，更视为一种跨越时间的活态传统——它强化家庭纽带、促进社会和谐并深化文化理解。分析句子成分可知，空处考查本句谓语动词；根据句意可知，空处意为“给予什么荣誉”，选项AC“honors”，意为“给予荣誉”，与此相符。根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“The UNESCO’s recognition”，单数，和动词之间为主动关系。故选AC。 12．考查名词。句意：这一认可印证了中国致力于保护非物质文化遗产并与世界分享的决心，凸显了其最受珍视的传统中蕴含的普世价值。分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式担当宾语；根据空后“preserving and sharing its intangible cultural heritage with the world highlighting the universal values  _____3_____  in its most beloved traditions.”可知，空处意为“投入、致力于”；选项BC“commitment”，意为“奉献、致力于”，与此相符。故选BC。 13．考查形容词。句意：这一认可印证了中国致力于保护非物质文化遗产并与世界分享的决心，凸显了其最受珍视的传统中蕴含的普世价值。分析句子成分可知，空处考查形容词形式担当后置定语；根据空后“in its most beloved traditions.”可知，空处意为“存在于……”；选项C“present”，形容词，意为“存在的”，符合句意。故选C。 14．考查动词。句意：它深深植根于古代农耕社会，庆祝万象更新、家庭团圆与感恩之情，从标志性的舞狮、红灯笼到团圆饭和红包的象征意义，构成了承载丰富仪式、习俗和艺术表达的文化万花筒。分析句子成分可知，空处考查本句谓语动词；根据空后“renewal, family reunion, gratitude”可知，空处意为“庆祝”；选项B“celebrates”，意为“庆祝”，符合句意。故选B。 15．考查名词。句意：它深深植根于古代农耕社会，庆祝万象更新、家庭团圆与感恩之情，从标志性的舞狮、红灯笼到团圆饭和红包的象征意义，构成了承载丰富仪式、习俗和艺术表达的文化万花筒。分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式担当宾语；根据空后“reunion dinners and red packets”可推测，空处意为“象征意义”；选项AB“symbolism”，意为“象征”，符合句意。故选AB。 16．考查动词。句意：学校将传统习俗（如红对联的寓意、包饺子）纳入课程。分析句子成分可知，空处考查本句谓语动词；根据空后“lessons about traditional customs, such as the significance of red couplets (对联) and dumpling-making, into their curricula.”可推测，空处意为“纳入、融合”；选项A“integrate”，意为“融入”，符合句意。故选A。 17．考查名词。句意：地方政府组织社区活动，确保农村地区保留文化特色。分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式担当宾语；根据句意可知，空处意为“特色”；选项ABC“identity”，意为“特点、特色”，符合句意。故选ABC。 18．考查动词。句意：在全球化的世界中，这种动态平衡确保遗产在适应时代的同时不失灵魂。分析句子成分可知，空处考查动词原形；根据空后“without losing its soul”可知，空处意为“适应”；选项D“adapt”，意为“适应”，符合句意。故选D。 19．考查形容词。句意：当春节在世界最珍贵的文化习俗中占据应有地位时，它提醒我们：遗产不仅是过去的遗迹，更是未来的指引，是变幻世界中活力、灵感与联结的源泉。分析句子成分可知，空处考查形容词形式修饰名词“place”；根据句意可知，空处意为“应有的”；选项CD“rightful”，意为“应有的”，符合句意。故选CD。 20．考查名词。句意：当春节在世界最珍贵的文化习俗中占据应有地位时，它提醒我们：遗产不仅是过去的遗迹，更是未来的指引，是变幻世界中活力、灵感与联结的源泉。分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式担当宾语；根据空后“inspiration and connection”可推测，空处与此相似；选项BD“vitality”，意为“活力”，符合句意。故选BD。 II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. When we visit museums, we see cultural artifacts—from everyday household items to precious carvings and statues, which give us glimpses into the diverse cultures and communities from around the world. 21 , controversy surrounds these artifacts and whether or not countries should return these pieces of culture if they were stolen or forcefully taken during colonization. On Wednesday, October 7, 2020, the Dutch advisory committee officially released a national report 22 to the return of cultural artifacts that were stolen from its previous colonies such as Indonesia, Suriname, and islands on the Caribbean. Through these actions, the Dutch government acknowledges the unfair treatment the colonies had previously experienced and 23 respect for the culture of these countries. Let’s look at the issue and the two sides of the 24 . Stolen Artifacts By the 18th and 19th centuries, European countries had colonized many African and Asian countries. During their 25 , they either seized artifacts or took them as spoils of wars, and brought them to their own countries where they are now displayed in museums. In 2017, the Government of Benin in West Africa negotiated with the British Museum in London to return their renowned Benin Bronzes, a collection of thousands of metal sculptures and plaques, which were 26 hung in the royal palace of the Kingdom of Benin. The debate regarding this issue 27 in 2018 when under President Emmanuel Macron, a report was released that directed that all heritage objects brought to French museums (without the permission of their original countries) be restored. With the official release of this report, museums all across Europe began to 28 their previous policies on colonial treasures. In France, twenty-seven artifacts had been identified for restoration, but only one—a traditional sword belonging to Senegal, has been 29 . Then, on Tuesday, October 6, 2020, France’s National Assembly officially passed a bill 30 the return of these heritage artifacts, twenty-six of which alone belonged to Benin, but didn’t arrange a certain date. The Debate Those who propose returning these objects to their original homes 31 that with technology enabling virtual museum tours, returning these artifacts to their homeland does not take away the opportunity to learn about them. 32 , the country of origin will receive a significant part of their heritage back, and these artifacts will be given a chance to be truly appreciated under proper historical context. Those against the restoration claim that culture is a 33 treasure and the artifacts are in fact “cultural ambassadors” that promote tolerance and understanding. They believe that while stealing them was 34 , history is full of “good” and “bad” actors. Moreover, they feel that keeping the cultural objects in the current museums have kept millions of artifacts 35 disfiguration and damage. 21．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Otherwise D．However 22．A．contributing B．agreeing C．looking D．objecting 23．A．restricts B．advocates C．demonstrates D．earns 24．A．debate B．conclusion C．myth D．assumption 25．A．profile B．rule C．reform D．closure 26．A．cautiously B．secretly C．officially D．previously 27．A．took a turn B．made a stir C．had a trick D．missed a point 28．A．applaud B．reconsider C．submit D．publicize 29．A．spotted B．damaged C．sharpened D．returned 30．A．postponing B．prohibiting C． promising D．demanding 31．A．argue B．object C．doubt D．challenges 32．A．Furthermore B．Contrarily C．Indeed D．Thus 33．A．hidden B．shared C．lost D．cherished 34．A．justified B．wrong C．lawful D．involuntary 35．A．safe from B．accessible to C．absent from D．subject to 【答案】 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．C 31．A 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了一些博物馆中展览着在殖民时期偷盗或抢夺的其他国家的艺术品，通过具体事例介绍了这些艺术品的现状，并介绍了就此问题存在的两种对立观点。 21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，争议围绕着这些文化艺术品，以及如果这些文物在殖民时期被盗或被强行拿走，各国是否应该归还这些文化艺术品。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。上文“When we visit museums, we see cultural artifacts—from everyday household items to precious carvings and statues, which give us glimpses into the diverse cultures and communities from around the world.(当我们参观博物馆时，我们会看到文化艺术品，从日常家居用品到珍贵的雕刻和雕像，这些艺术品让我们得以一窥世界各地不同的文化和社会。)”讲述了博物馆里的文化艺术品能够让人们欣赏到不同的文化，领略不同社会的风情。下文讲述了争议围绕着这些艺术品，前后表示转折。故选D。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年10月7日，星期三，荷兰咨询委员会正式发布了一份国家报告，同意归还从印度尼西亚、苏里南和加勒比海岛屿等前殖民地盗走的文化艺术品。A. contributing贡献；B. agreeing同意；C. looking看；D. objecting反对。根据下文“Through these actions, the Dutch government acknowledges the unfair treatment the colonies had previously experienced”可知，荷兰政府通过这种举动承认了这些殖民地曾遭受的不公平对待，由此可知，荷兰政府同意归还这些殖民地的文化艺术品。故选B。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这些行动，荷兰政府承认了殖民地以前遭受的不公平待遇，并表示尊重这些国家的文化。A. restricts限制；B. advocates提倡；C. demonstrates表达，证明；D. earns应得。根据句中的“acknowledges the unfair treatment”可知，荷兰政府的这些行动承认了殖民国家曾遭受的对待，表示了对这些国家文化的尊重。故选C。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我们来看看这个问题和辩论的两方意见。A. debate辩论，争论；B. conclusion结论；C. myth谜；D. assumption假定。根据下文中的“The Debate”可知，这里指的是辩论，debate是原词复现。故选A。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们统治期间，他们要么没收艺术品，要么把它们当作战利品，把它们带到自己的国家，现在在他们国家的博物馆里展出。A. profile概述；B. rule统治；C. reform改革；D. closure（永久的）停业。根据上文“European countries had colonized many African and Asian countries”可知，这里是说欧洲国家在许多亚非国家殖民，将这些国家置于自己的统治之下。故选B。 26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：2017年，西非贝宁政府与伦敦大英博物馆协商归还他们著名的贝宁青铜器，这是一批由数千件金属雕塑和牌匾组成的藏品，此前悬挂在贝宁王国王宫。A. cautiously谨慎地；B. secretly秘密地；C. officially正式地；D. previously先前地。根据句中的“negotiated with the British Museum in London to return their renowned Benin Bronzes”可知，这件艺术品之前悬挂在贝宁王宫，现在在大英博物馆。故选D。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：2018年，在埃马纽埃尔·马克龙总统的领导下，关于这一问题的争论发生了转折，当时发布了一份报告，指示归还所有（未经其原始国家许可）带到法国博物馆的文物。A. took a turn发生转折；B. made a stir引起震动；C. had a trick有一个招数；D. missed a point没听懂。根据下句“With the official release of this report, museums all across Europe began to 　　8　　their previous policies on colonial treasures.(随着这份报告的正式发布，欧洲各地的博物馆开始重新考虑他们以前对殖民时期的珍宝的政策)”可知，这份报告引起欧洲重新考虑对殖民时期获得的艺术品的政策，由此可知，这份报告让事情发生了转折。故选A。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这份报告的正式发布，欧洲各地的博物馆开始重新考虑他们以前对殖民时期的珍宝的政策。A. applaud鼓掌；B. reconsider重新考虑；C. submit提交；D. publicize宣传。根据空后的“their previous policies”可知，他们开始重新考虑了以前的政策。故选B。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在法国，已经确定了27件文化艺术品需要归还，但只有一把属于塞内加尔的传统剑被归还。A. spotted注意到；B. damaged损坏；C. sharpened（使）变得锋利；D. returned归还。根据下文“the return of these heritage artifacts, twenty-six of which alone belonged to Benin”可知，其中还有26件尚未归还，这里强调只有一件落实了归还。故选D。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在2020年10月6日，星期二，法国国民议会正式通过了一项法案，承诺归还这些文物，其中26件只属于贝宁，但没有安排具体日期。A. postponing延期；B. prohibiting禁止；C. promising承诺；D. demanding要求。根据句中的“but didn’t arrange a certain date”可知，这项法案只表示承诺归还，但没有确定归还的日期。故选C。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些建议将这些艺术品归还原国家的人认为，有了能够让人们参观虚拟博物馆的技术，将这些艺术品送回自己的国家并不会剥夺了解它们的机会。A. argue争辩，论证；B. object反对；C. doubt怀疑；D. challenges挑战。根据句中的“Those who propose...”可知，这里是说提议归还艺术品的那些人所论证的观点。故选A。 32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，原籍国将收回其遗产的重要部分，而且这些艺术品将有机会在适当的历史背景下得到真正的欣赏。A. Furthermore此外；B. Contrarily恰恰相反；C. Indeed的确；D. Thus因此。上文中的“that with technology enabling virtual museum tours, returning these artifacts to their homeland does not take away the opportunity to learn about them”是赞成归还艺术品的这些人所提出的一个理由，这里进行补充，提供其他有力论证。故选A。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：反对归还的人声称文化是共同的财富，这些艺术品实际上是促进宽容和理解的“文化大使”。A. hidden隐藏；B. shared分享，共享；C. lost失去；D. cherished珍惜。根据句中的“the artifacts are in fact ‘cultural ambassadors’”可知，反对者认为艺术品是文化大使，由此可知，他们认为文化是共同的财富。故选B。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为，虽然偷走它们是错误的，但历史上充满了“好”和“坏”的演员。A. justified有正当理由的；B. wrong错误的；C. lawful合法的；D. involuntary非自愿的。while引导的是让步状语从句，前后之间为转折关系，根据后面的“history is full of ‘good’ and ‘bad’ actors”可知，与历史不分好坏这种想法相反的是认为偷窃是错误的行为。故选B。 35．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：此外，他们认为，将这些文化艺术品保存在目前的博物馆中已经使数百万件艺术品免受损毁。A. safe from免于；B. accessible to对……可获得；C. absent from缺席；D. subject to易遭受……的。根据空后的“disfiguration and damage”可知，他们认为将这些艺术品放在目前的博物馆里使得它们免遭损毁。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil and was transferred to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role but soon realised that managing her new team would be a challenge. Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she announced her decisions on the project, they would continue giving their opinions as if it was still up for discussion. What Gabriela was experiencing was a cultural conflict in expectations. She was used to a more hierarchical framework where the team leader and manager took control and gave specific instructions on how things were to be done. This more directive management style worked well for her and her team in Brazil but did not transfer well to her new team in Sweden, who were more used to a flatter hierarchy where decision making was more democratic. Dutch social psychologist Geert Hofstede uses the concept of “power distance” to describe how power is distributed and how hierarchy is perceived in different cultures. In her previous work environment, Gabriela was used to a high power distance culture where power and authority are respected and everyone has their rightful place. In such a culture, leaders make the big decisions and are not often challenged. Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where subordinates often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches or mentors who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged. When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she took the initiative to have an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership. Pleased to be asked for their thoughts, Gabriela’s team openly expressed that they were not used to being told what to do. They enjoyed having more room for initiative and creative freedom. With a better understanding of the underlying reasons behind each other’s behaviour, Gabriela and her team were able to adapt their way of working. Gabriela was then able to make adjustments to her management style so as to better fit the expectations of her team and more effectively motivate her team to achieve their goals. 36．Gabriela found it a challenge to manage her new team because her Swedish team ____________. A．preferred discussions to giving opinions B．lacked clear communication guidelines C．valued cooperative decision-making D．tended to keep a leader at a distance 37．The word “hierarchical” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ____________. A．structured B．external C．de-centralised D．short-sighted 38．Which of the following describes behaviors typical in a low power distance culture? ①　The manager acts as a guide but encourages input from the team. ②　Team members do not usually challenge the manager. ③　The manager involves the team in making decisions together. ④　The manager has a lot of control over what happens. ⑤　Team members can take the initiative to do things their way. A．①④⑤ B．②③④ C．①③⑤ D．③④⑤ 39．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Strict hierarchies ensure successful projects globally. B．Power distance solves cultural conflicts effectively. C．Swedish teams resist leadership due to lower expectation. D．Cultural hierarchy gaps require adapting management styles. 【答案】36．C 37．A 38．C 39．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Gabriela从巴西调至瑞典管理团队时遭遇文化冲突。她习惯的高权力距离文化下的管理方式，在瑞典低权力距离文化的团队中行不通。后来她意识到文化差异，通过沟通，调整管理风格以适应团队，从而更好地激励团队达成目标。 36．细节理解题。根据第三段“her new team in Sweden, who were more used to a flatter hierarchy where decision making was more democratic(她在瑞典的新团队更习惯扁平化的等级制度，在这种制度下决策更加民主)”以及第四段“Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where subordinates often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions.(然而，她的瑞典团队习惯在低权力距离文化中工作，在这种文化中，下属经常与老板一起寻找解决方案并做出决策)” 可知，Gabriela发现管理新团队有挑战是因为瑞典团队重视合作决策。故选C。 37．词义猜测题。根据第三段 “She was used to a more hierarchical framework where the team leader and manager took control and gave specific instructions on how things were to be done.(她习惯了一种更…… 的框架，在这个框架中，团队领导和经理掌控局面，并就如何做事给出具体指示)” 可知，在这个框架中，团队领导和经理掌控局面，并就如何做事给出具体指示，所以“hierarchical”描述的是一种有层级、结构化的框架。故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据第四段 “Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where subordinates often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches or mentors who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.(然而，她的瑞典团队习惯在低权力距离文化中工作，在这种文化中，下属经常与老板一起寻找解决方案并做出决策。在这里，领导者扮演教练或导师的角色，鼓励独立思考并期待被挑战)” 以及第五段 “They enjoyed having more room for initiative and creative freedom.(他们喜欢有更多的主动性和创作自由空间)” 可知，在低权力距离文化中，经理充当引导者并鼓励团队成员参与决策（①），经理会让团队参与共同做决策（③），团队成员能主动按自己的方式做事（⑤）。选项②“团队成员通常不挑战经理”，这是高权力距离文化的特点；选项④“经理对所发生的事情有很大控制权”，不符合低权力距离文化中团队共同决策的特点。所以①③⑤正确，故选C。 39．主旨大意题。文章讲述了Gabriela从巴西调至瑞典管理团队时遭遇文化冲突。她习惯的高权力距离文化下的管理方式，在瑞典低权力距离文化的团队中行不通。后来她意识到文化差异，通过沟通，调整管理风格以适应团队，从而更好地激励团队达成目标。选项D“文化等级差距需要调整管理风格”符合文章主旨，故选D。 B The best white noise machines for a good night’s sleep Sleep is crucial to health. But disruptive (扰乱的) noises can prevent you from falling asleep. White noise machines could help, according to one study. LectroFan Classic MASKS NOISE: LectroFan Classic helps block out disruptive environmental noises. It can help improve sleep, focus, privacy, and relaxation. 20 NON-REPEATING SOUNDS: A total of 20 unique non-repeating, digitally created sounds. 10 fan sounds & 10 white noise variations, including pink & brown noise. SAFE: Safe, solid-state design is powered by AC (交流电) or USB and dynamically creates unique, non-repeating sounds. VOLUME CONTROL: Precise volume control allows you to set the perfect level for your unique environment. Yogasleep Rohm+ EFFECTIVELY MASKS NOISE: The Rohm effectively cancels out noises that may disturb or distract you for improved sleep and concentration. GENTLE SOUNDS: 20 different sounds including music, nature, white, pink, and brown noise, as well as Bluetooth speaker features to allow you to play your own music or sounds and to make a conference call on the road when you need. CRUSH (压坏) RESISTANT: Stylish, crush-resistant travel case fits perfectly with Yogasleep Rohm white noise machines. BATTERY OPERATED: Rechargeable through USB． Hatch Rest+ BEST FOR BABIES: Sound machine — keep your little one dreaming with sounds like white noise, wind, and rain. Night light — make midnight feedings comforting and the dark less scary with a calming light. Time-to-Rise — set up this light and sound combination to let your early riser know when it’s time to rise. Built-in two-way sound monitor. POWERED BY: AC and rechargeable. Loftie Clock FAVORITE CLOCK: Loftie Clock uses sound and lights to help ease you into and out of sleep. GENTLY UNWIND: Enjoy over 100 free tracks, from breathwork and sound baths to all kinds of white noise and nature sounds. AI-GENERATED PERSONAL STORIES: Loftie’s Magic Story Maker AI has an upgraded feature that lets you create sleep stories with Typeform. It then uses ChatGPT and ElevenLabs AI to craft your story. Unlocking the Magic Story Maker AI requires an upgrade to a Loftie+ account in the app ($5 per month). POWERED BY: AC power 40．_____ is the most suitable for Joana, whose baby sleeps in her room. A．LectroFan Classic B．Yogasleep Rohm+ C．Hatch Rest+ D．Loftie Clock 41．If you want to buy a white noise machine for your friend Tim, who often travels on business, you need to pay _____. A．$34.95. B．$40.03. C．$159.99. D．$149.00. 42．What can be learned about the four white noise machines? A．The four of them can all produce white noise and nature sounds. B．One of them can help you create your own sleep stories for free. C．Two of them can be powered by both AC and rechargeable batteries. D．Two of them can not only help you fall asleep but also wake you up. 【答案】40．C 41．B 42．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个最好的白噪音机，让你睡个好觉。 40．细节理解题。根据Hatch Rest+中“BEST FOR BABIES: Sound machine — keep your little one dreaming with sounds like white noise, wind, and rain.(最适合宝宝：声音机——让你的宝宝在睡梦中听到白噪音、风声和雨声)”可知，Hatch Rest+最适合Joana，因为她的宝宝睡在她的房间里。故选C项。 41．细节理解题。根据Yogasleep Rohm+中“GENTLE SOUNDS: 20 different sounds including music, nature, white, pink, and brown noise, as well as Bluetooth speaker features to allow you to play your own music or sounds and to make a conference call on the road when you need.(柔和的声音：20种不同的声音，包括音乐，自然，白色，粉红色和棕色的噪音，以及蓝牙扬声器功能，让你播放自己的音乐或声音，并在你需要的时候在路上召开电话会议)”可知，此款适合经常出差的朋友，以及其价格是$40.03。由此可知，如果你想给经常出差的朋友Tim买一台白噪音机，你需要支付40.03美元。故选B项。 42．细节理解题。根据Hatch Rest+中“Time-to-Rise — set up this light and sound combination to let your early riser know when it’s time to rise.(起床时间——设置灯光和声音的组合，让早起的你知道什么时候该起床了)”以及Loftie Clock中“FAVORITE CLOCK: Loftie Clock uses sound and lights to help ease you into and out of sleep.(最喜欢的闹钟: Loftie Clock利用声音和灯光帮助你轻松入睡和入睡)”可知，关于这四种白噪音机器，我们可以了解到其中两种不仅可以帮助你入睡，还可以唤醒你。故选D项。 C Saved or Stolen? The British Museum has a well-earned reputation as an “encyclopaedic” museum, with a global story told through eight million objects. Inside, a wide-ranging collection includes everything from prehistoric pottery to precious handmade jewellery from India and Ming Dynasty vases from China. The museum helps us understand how events that happened at different times and in different places were connected, and how they influenced each other. Indeed, this was the vision of its founder, Sir Hans Sloane, who tried setting up cross-cultural comparisons in his original collection in 1753. As you walk around the British Museum today, it’s clear that Sloane’s broad-minded vision is very much alive and well. What’s less clear is how the museum acquired many of the objects on display and whether they should remain there. The collection has an obvious political dimension: while some objects have a well-documented history, others were added during Britain’s colonial period, so it’s possible they were stolen from famous archaeological sites or acquired in the war. Imagine having an important national monument from your country kept permanently in another country. How would you feel? Would you try to get the country to return it? It’s not surprising that many countries have gone on to ask for their treasures back. However; where they should be kept is a question that is still heatedly debated. The Rosetta Stone is a well-known exhibit that illustrates this problem. Carved in 196BCE, the stone was the key to unlocking the language of the ancient Egyptians. It was first discovered in 1799 near the town of el-Rashid (Rosetta) by soldiers in Napoleon’s army, but on Napoleon’s defeat in 1801, it became the property of the British. Many of the museum’s treasures were acquired in a similar way, but unsurprisingly, the British Museum is reluctant to let the Rosetta Stone go. It argues that more people see the Stone in London than they would in Cairo, the location is more secure and the exhibit is a critical part of its global collection. The Egyptian government has other ideas and is trying to persuade the museum to return it. They claim that it’s important for their nation’s history and identity, and that many Egyptians can’t afford to go to London to see it. But the British Museum won’t let the Rosetta Stone go, even as a loan, as they fear it won’t be returned. The British Museum is a place dedicated to international understanding, and the advantages of an encyclopaedic museum are clear to see: “We need to explore common ground, how people perceive their relationship to each other...and (to) see human history as an ongoing joint project,” explains MacGregor, former director of the British Museum. But this attempt to bring different cultures together has been self-defeating, ultimately having the opposite effect: taking treasures from other countries has resulted in never-ending international arguments and frosty relations with foreign governments. So as you admire the breathtaking objects on display at the museum, think about their heritage. Remember to ask yourself: Does the end justify the means? Is taking an object for a museum different from theft? And shouldn’t important objects be exhibited where they were originally made? 43．Which of the following words is similar in meaning to “encyclopaedic” (paragraph 1) ? A．being famous for its modern exhibitions. B．focusing only on ancient artifacts. C．containing a wide range of knowledge or information. D．owned by a private collector for personal use. 44．Why does the British Museum refuse to return the Rosetta Stone to Egypt? A．Because Egypt lacks the financial resources to protect it. B．Because more visitors can see it in London and its location is safer. C．Because the stone was legally purchased during colonial times. D．Because the Egyptian government has not formally requested its return. 45．The author’s attitude toward the British Museum’s argument is ______. A．strongly supportive B．completely neutral C．slightly skeptical D．openly against 46．What can be inferred about the “encyclopaedic museum” vision? A．It ignores the historical context of artifact acquisition. B．It successfully promotes global cultural harmony. C．It intentionally worsen international tensions. D．It prioritizes scientific research over national heritage. 【答案】43．C 44．B 45．D 46．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕大英博物馆展品来源及归属问题展开讨论，以罗塞塔石碑为例，指出该馆拒绝归还他国文物引发争议，质疑其做法的合理性。 43．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“The British Museum has a well-earned reputation as an “encyclopaedic” museum, with a global story told through eight million objects. Inside, a wide ranging collection includes everything from prehistoric pottery to precious handmade jewellery from India and Ming Dynasty vases from China. (大英博物馆作为一座“encyclopaedic”博物馆实至名归，馆藏八百万件文物向世人述说着全球文明的故事。其浩瀚馆藏包罗万象，从史前陶器到印度手工精制珠宝，再到中国明代瓷器，无不尽收其中)”可知，大英博物馆的藏品范围广泛，涵盖了不同时期和不同地区的物品，包罗万象。所以“encyclopaedic”意思应是包含广泛的知识或信息，与C项“containing a wide range of knowledge or information”意思相近。故选C项。 44．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Many of the museum’s treasures were acquired in a similar way, but unsurprisingly, the British Museum is reluctant to let the Rosetta Stone go. It argues that more people see the Stone in London than they would in Cairo, the location is more secure and the exhibit is a critical part of its global collection. (博物馆的许多宝藏都是以类似的方式获得的，但不出所料，大英博物馆不愿让罗塞塔石碑离开。它辩称，在伦敦看到这块石头的人比在开罗看到的人更多，存放地点更安全，而且该展品是其全球藏品的重要组成部分)”可知，大英博物馆拒绝将罗塞塔石碑归还给埃及是因为在伦敦有更多人能看到它，且存放地点更安全。故选B项。 45．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But this attempt to bring different cultures together has been self-defeating, ultimately having the opposite effect: taking treasures from other countries has resulted in never ending international arguments and frosty relations with foreign governments. (但这种将不同文化汇聚在一起的尝试适得其反，最终产生了相反的效果：从其他国家拿走珍宝导致了无休止的国际争论和与外国政府的冷淡关系)”可知，作者认为大英博物馆拿走他国珍宝的行为带来了负面结果，说明作者对大英博物馆拒绝归还文物的理由是公开反对的。故选D项。 46．推理判断题。根据第二段中“What’s less clear is how the museum acquired many of the objects on display and whether they should remain there. The collection has an obvious political dimension: while some objects have a well-documented history, others were added during Britain’s colonial period, so it’s possible they were stolen from famous archaeological sites or acquired in the war. (不太清楚的是，博物馆是如何获得许多展出物品的，以及这些物品是否应该继续留在那里。这些藏品具有明显的政治层面：虽然有些物品有详细的历史记录，但其他一些是在英国殖民时期增加的，所以它们有可能是从著名的考古遗址被盗走或在战争中获得的)”可知，大英博物馆所谓的“百科全书式博物馆”愿景忽略了文物获取的历史背景。故选A项。 Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Have We Forgotten How to Enjoy Our Free Time? Leisure is the price, right? We work hard, so we want to play hard, we look forward to our time off, believing that the more leisure time we have, the better life will be. Enjoying that time — or savoring that end goal — should come naturally. However, research shows that both having and deciding how to spend leisure time can be very stressful. 47 This pressure to maximize our fun might be getting in the way of our enjoyment of the leisure itself. What’s wrong? In fact, the way we perceive and value leisure has changed, problematically. Understanding this evolution and finding ways to change our attitudes surrounding leisure could help people to start enjoying themselves once again. 48 In ancient Greece, most of the labor was outsourced to slaves, while wealthier parts of society pursued other activities. Leisure was an active state of mind. Good leisure meant playing sports, debating qualified peers, and doing philosophy. Leisure was not easy, but it was supposed to be rewarding. Today, however, a lack of leisure time operates as a powerful status symbol. In the workplace, being part of the long-hours working culture is seen by many as a badge of honor. This fuels the idea that we must maximize leisure’s enjoyment value and make every hour count when we actually do get some time off. This might not necessarily be a bad thing. 49 New research shows that we judge future positive events as both farther away and shorter than negative or neutral ones, leading us to feel as if a holiday is over as soon as it begins. Fortunately, there are ways to help out. 50 For holidays. do one thing that is “completely crazy” in the middle, such as bungee jumping and one equally insane thing at the end, say, an extravagant meal, to elevate the entire experience. For most people, the persistent fear that we are not using our time “right” can derail the very purpose of leisure, because the only “right” way to have leisure is to relax, let your guard down, make good memories, and trust the pieces will fall into place. A．But too much anticipation might set us up for a seemingly zero-duration holiday. B．Experts recommend using the peak-end rule, which influences the way we remember events. C．Equally, the way we chase the best leisure experiences has made recreation more stressful than ever. D．People of today tend to feel enormous pressure to make the best use of their downtime by making the best choices. E．Two thousand years ago, concepts of “work” and “leisure” was respectively associated with servitude (奴役) and freedom. F．Some people work to acquire collectable experiences that are unusual, novel or extreme to make our leisure time productive. 【答案】47．D 48．E 49．A 50．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了现代人对于休闲时间的态度和利用方式，指出过度追求最大化休闲享受价值可能带来的问题，并提出了改善建议。 47．根据上文“However, research shows that both having and deciding how to spend leisure time can be very stressful.(然而，研究表明，拥有休闲时间以及决定如何度过休闲时间都可能带来很大的压力)”可知，这里提到人们在拥有和决定如何度过休闲时间时会感到有压力。D项“People of today tend to feel enormous pressure to make the best use of their downtime by making the best choices.(如今的人们往往承受着巨大的压力，要通过做出最佳选择来充分利用自己的闲暇时间)”进一步解释了这种压力的来源，即人们想要充分利用闲暇时间，与上文逻辑紧密，故选D项。 48．根据下文“In ancient Greece, most of the labor was outsourced to slaves, while wealthier parts of society pursued other activities. Leisure was an active state of mind. Good leisure meant playing sports, debating qualified peers, and doing philosophy. Leisure was not easy, but it was supposed to be rewarding.(在古希腊，大部分劳动都外包给奴隶，而社会较富裕的部分则追求其他活动。休闲是一种积极的精神状态。好的休闲意味着进行体育运动、与有资格的同龄人辩论和做哲学思考。休闲并不容易，但它应该是有回报的)”可知，这里描述了古希腊时期人们对于工作和休闲的看法。E项“Two thousand years ago, concepts of “work” and “leisure” was respectively associated with servitude (奴役) and freedom.(两千年前，“工作”和“休闲”的概念分别与奴役和自由相关联)”为下文内容提供了背景信息，与下文逻辑连贯，故选E项。 49．根据上文“This fuels the idea that we must maximize leisure’s enjoyment value and make every hour count when we actually do get some time off. This might not necessarily be a bad thing.(这助长了这样一种观念，即我们必须最大化休闲的享受价值，并在真正有时间休息时让每一小时都变得有意义。这未必是件坏事)”以及下文“New research shows that we judge future positive events as both farther away and shorter than negative or neutral ones, leading us to feel as if a holiday is over as soon as it begins.(新的研究表明，我们判断未来的积极事件比消极或中性事件既更遥远又更短暂，这让我们感觉假期一开始就结束了)”可知，这里提到了一种观念，即要最大化休闲的享受价值，但新研究却表明我们对积极事件的判断可能导致假期感觉短暂。A项“But too much anticipation might set us up for a seemingly zero-duration holiday.(但是过多的期待可能会让我们迎来一个看似零时长的假期)”承接上文，解释了这种观念可能带来的问题，即过多的期待可能导致假期感觉短暂，与下文内容相呼应，故选A项。 50．根据下文“For holidays. do one thing that is “completely crazy” in the middle, such as bungee jumping and one equally insane thing at the end, say, an extravagant meal, to elevate the entire experience.(对于假期，在中间做一件“完全疯狂”的事情，比如蹦极，在最后做一件同样疯狂的事情，比如说一顿奢华的晚餐，以提升整个体验)”可知，这里给出了一个关于如何提升假期体验的建议。B项“Experts recommend using the peak-end rule, which influences the way we remember events.(专家建议使用峰终定律，它影响我们记忆事件的方式)”为下文内容提供了理论依据，即峰终定律可以影响我们对事件的记忆，从而提升体验，与下文逻辑紧密，故选B项。 III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Nomadic (游牧的) Cultures Out of a global population of 7.5 billion, about 30 million people lead nomadic lifestyles. Such cultures can be found across continents, each with its own unique practices and adaptations. The Bedouin of the Middle East are famous for their traditional nomadic lifestyle. Historically, they were desert travellers who moved along fixed routes to find grazing land and water for their livestock. Their way of life was deeply rooted in strong community bonds and a sense of unity known as asabiyya. Their ability to protect their communities and live in the harsh desert environment was greatly influenced by their tight-knit social structure and adaptive strategies. The Moken, also known as sea gypsies, live in the Mergui Archipelago between Myanmar and Thailand. Their nomadic lifestyle is closely connected to the sea. During the dry season, they live on traditional houseboats, while in the rainy season, they build temporary villages on sheltered beaches. The Moken’s culture places a strong emphasis on sharing and community, reflected in their language, which lacks words for individual possessions. Despite their rich cultural traditions, the Moken face significant challenges due to government restrictions on their hunter-gatherer practices and the pressures of increasing tourism. These changes have forced them to adapt while trying to maintain their cultural heritage. The Sami, native to the tundras and taigas of northern Scandinavia, traditionally practiced reindeer herding (驯鹿放牧) across what are now Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. The Sami way of life has been restricted by modern national borders, but their culture, which values knowledge and the preservation of language and traditions, has made a comeback in recent years. The Sami have had to manage modern regulations while working to survive and maintain their rich cultural traditions. These three nomadic cultures — each with its distinct traditions and adaptations — demonstrate the diversity and flexibility of communities that continue to navigate the challenges of a changing world while preserving their unique ways of life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】      Of the 7.5 billion people worldwide, around 30 million lead a nomadic life. The Bedouin of the Middle East are known for their desert travel and strong community bonds. The Moken of the Mergui Archipelago live on the sea, adapting to tourism and restrictions. The Sami of Scandinavia, reindeer herders, are restoring their culture despite modern borders and regulations. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，在全球75亿人口中，约有3000万人过着游牧生活。中东的贝都因人以在沙漠中迁徙和强大的社区凝聚力而闻名。莫肯人居住在梅尔吉群岛的海域，适应了旅游业和各种限制。斯堪的纳维亚半岛的萨米人是驯鹿牧民，尽管有现代的边界和规定，他们仍在努力恢复自己的文化。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Out of a global population of 7.5 billion, about 30 million people lead nomadic lifestyles. ②The Bedouin of the Middle East are famous for their traditional nomadic lifestyle. Their ability to protect their communities and live in the harsh desert environment was greatly influenced by their tight-knit social structure and adaptive strategies. ③Despite their rich cultural traditions, the Moken face significant challenges due to government restrictions on their hunter-gatherer practices and the pressures of increasing tourism. These changes have forced them to adapt while trying to maintain their cultural heritage. ④The Sami, native to the tundras and taigas of northern Scandinavia, traditionally practiced reindeer herding (驯鹿放牧) across what are now Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. The Sami have had to manage modern regulations while working to survive and maintain their rich cultural traditions. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行综述，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Of the 7.5 billion people worldwide, around 30 million lead a nomadic life. The Bedouin of the Middle East are known for their desert travel and strong community bonds. The Moken of the Mergui Archipelago live on the sea, adapting to tourism and restrictions. The Sami of Scandinavia, reindeer herders, are restoring their culture despite modem borders and regulations. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The Moken of the Mergui Archipelago live on the sea, adapting to tourism and restrictions.运用现在分词作状语对原文第三段进行了概括。 [高分句型2] The Sami of Scandinavia, reindeer herders, are restoring their culture despite modem borders and regulations.用现在进行时对第四段进行了概括，表达非常高级。 IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) 52．你所克服的困难终将使你强大。（end up）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The difficulties you overcome will end up making you strong. 【详解】考查动词短语、宾语从句和时态。表示“困难”为名词difficulty，此处表复数含义，且特指“你所克服的困难”，前加定冠词the；表示“克服”为动词overcome，“你所克服的”表达为定语从句that you overcome修饰先行词difficulties，关系代词that作宾语可省略；表示“最终做某事”应为动词短语end up doing；表示“让你坚强”应为动词短语make you strong。“终将使你强大”表达为一般将来时will end up making you strong；故翻译为：The difficulties you overcome will end up making you strong. 53．发生紧急情况时，牢记保持头脑冷静，先打110。(bear)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Bear in mind to keep calm and call 110 first when an emergency occurs. 【详解】考查祈使句、固定短语和时态。祈使句通常以动词原形开头，“牢记做某事”用固定短语bear in mind to do sth.，“保持头脑冷静”用动词短语keep calm，“先打110”用短语call 110 first，两种行动是并列关系，用连词and连接，都用不定式形式；“发生紧急情况时”是时间状语，用从属连词when引导从句，主语“紧急情况”用an emergency，谓语“发生”用动词occur，用一般现在时态occurs。综上，全句译为：Bear in mind to keep calm and call 110 first when an emergency occurs. 54．无论你是因为上课时走神还是因为学业负担过重而心力交瘁，请及时向老师求助! (turn to) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Whether you are distracted in class or exhausted due to the heavy academic burden, please turn to your teacher for help in time. 【详解】考查动词短语、时态和状语从句。“无论你是因为上课时走神还是因为学业负担过重而心力交瘁” 引导让步状语从句，用“whether...or...”引导从句，主语“你”用，“上课时走神”用be distracted in class，描述一般性事实用一般现在时态are distracted in class，“因为学业负担过重而心力交瘁”译为be exhausted due to the heavy academic burden，为避免重复，谓语动词be可省略；“请及时向老师求助”是主句，用祈使句，“向……求助”用动词短语turn to sb. for help，宾语“老师”用名词your teacher，“及时”作时间状语，用介词短语in time。综上，全句译为：Whether you are distracted in class or exhausted due to the heavy academic burden, please turn to your teacher for help in time. 55．网络上催人奋进的故事被网友们贴上了“正能量”的标签，它们描述了普通人坚持不懈的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章。(label v.) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Stories that inspire people on the Internet are labeled with “positive energy” and they describe the persistent struggles of ordinary people, inspiring more people to write their own glorious chapters. 【详解】考查动词、名词、时态、从句和非谓语动词。“网络上催人奋进的故事被网友们贴上了‘正能量’的标签”可处理为第1分句，主语“网络上催人奋进的故事”译为Stories that inspire people on the Internet，其中that引导限制性定语从句，谓语“被贴上……标签”用被动语态be labeled with，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，因主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式are labeled with，宾语“正能量”用positive energy；后半句“它们描述了普通人坚持不懈的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章” 可处理为第2分句，主语“它们”用they，谓语“描述”用动词describe，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，宾语“普通人坚持不懈的奋斗”是“the persistent struggles of ordinary people”，“激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章”作伴随状语，“激励某人做某事”用inspire sb. to do sth.，inspire与其逻辑主语the persistent struggles之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，“更多人”用more people，“书写属于自己的辉煌篇章”是write their own glorious chapters，用不定式作目的状语。综上，全句译为：Stories that inspire people on the Internet are labeled with “positive energy” and they describe the persistent struggles of ordinary people, inspiring more people to write their own glorious chapters. V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. UNESCO (联合国教科文组织)正在发起一个名为“Guardians of Intangible Heritage”的国际青年项目，旨在招募全球青年通过数字手段记录、保护和推广各自社区的非物质文化遗产(如方言、民间故事、传统手工艺、节庆等)。请你以一名中国高中生的身份，向该项目撰写一封申请信。 信的内容必须包括： 1.介绍一项中国非物质文化遗产，并阐述其独特价值和当前面临的挑战。 2.提出你的计划方案。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear UNESCO “Guardians of Intangible Heritage” Team, I am a high school student from China and eager to join your project to protect intangible cultural heritage. I would like to introduce the art of Chinese paper-cutting. Paper-cutting is a unique art form with over 1,500 years of history. It uses scissors or knives to cut paper into various shapes, such as flowers, animals, and characters, symbolizing good luck and blessings. It not only reflects Chinese cultural values but also serves as a medium for family traditions. However, with modernization, fewer young people learn this skill, and many traditional techniques are at risk of being lost. If selected, I plan to interview elderly artisans to record their stories and techniques, and organize online workshops to teach peers how to make paper-cuts. I believe these efforts can help preserve this art. Thank you for considering my application. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以一名中国高中生的身份，向联合国教科文组织发起的“Guardians of Intangible Heritage”国际青年项目撰写一封申请信，介绍一项中国非物质文化遗产，阐述其独特价值和当前面临的挑战，并提出自己的计划方案。 【详解】1.词汇积累 渴望：eager → keen 独特的：unique → distinctive 反映：reflect → mirror 冒……的危险：at risk of → in danger of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Paper-cutting is a unique art form with over 1,500 years of history. 拓展句：Paper-cutting, which has a history of over 1,500 years, is a unique art form. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It uses scissors or knives to cut paper into various shapes, such as flowers, animals, and characters, symbolizing good luck and blessings.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】If selected, I plan to interview elderly artisans to record their stories and techniques, and organize online workshops to teach peers how to make paper-cuts.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Things that matter单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Notre Dame Cathedral Reconstruction Project Takes a Big Leap Forward Four years ago, the world looked on in horror as Paris’s Notre Dame cathedral (巴黎圣母院),   1 (consume) in flames. Astonishingly, most of the church structure survived, but the 19th century spire (尖顶) was destroyed. The fire is still considered an accident. Nearly 50 investigators have been assigned to the case thus far. They mostly focus on construction workers who were participating in the $6.8 million renovation (翻新) effort on Monday prior to the fire. By the time fire alarms began going off, the workmen appeared 2 (leave). Glenn Corbett, an associate professor of fire science at John Jay College said “There’s a history of churches and other houses of worship 3 (fall) victim to construction fires.” He further explained that this was often caused by the open flames and sparks 4 (associate) with welding (焊接) and similar construction hazards (危害) combined with flammable materials like the wooden beams that made up the interior of Notre-Dame’s roof. The teams working on the reconstruction of the spire used the original 19th century plans by architect Eugene Viollet-le-Duc. But they relied on modern computers to run 1,600 hours of calculations to figure out just 5 it was built, and the potential effects of weather and time on the new structure. After drawing up 320 different versions for the new spire, they were finally ready to build one. “It will be exactly the same cathedral 6 it was by Viollet-le-Duc,” said Georgelin, the man in charge of the spire project. The timber for the spire came from public and private woodlands across France, including some that once belonged to the king and the Catholic church. Only 7 (straight) oak trees — all of them at least  100 years old — were chosen. The central part of the spire is now complete, and it will be taken to Paris in August to be placed on the roof of the cathedral. Work on the rest of the spire continues and it will follow, piece by piece, until the end of this year, 8 it’s expected to soar once again up into the Paris skyline. 9 the hardship it has faced, Notre-Dame continues to symbolize the spirit of Paris. The cathedral’s magnificence and enduring presence inspire awe in 10 visits it. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need A．    integrate    B．celebrates     C． present    D．adapt      AB．symbolism   AC． honors  AD．maintain  BC． commitment  BD．vitality   CD．rightful   ABC． identity On December 4, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) put the Spring Festival on its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The UNESCO’s recognition 11 the Spring Festival not only as a symbol of China’s over 5,000-year-old civilization but also as a living tradition that goes beyond time strengthening family bonds, social harmony and cultural understanding. Its recognition is a proof of China’s 12 to preserving and sharing its intangible cultural heritage with the world highlighting the universal values 13 in its most beloved traditions. The Spring Festival is far more than a holiday. Deeply rooted in ancient agrarian societies (农耕社会), it 14 renewal, family reunion, gratitude, serving as a kaleidoscope (万花筒) of meaningful rituals, customs and artistic expressions, from the iconic lion dances and red lanterns to the 15 of reunion dinners and red packets. UNESCO’s recognition also underlines the importance of the Spring Festival as a cultural bridge, connecting the past and present while offering the world a glimpse into the heart of Chinese culture. China’s proactive(积极主动的) approach to protecting its intangible heritage is in line with UNESCO’s broader goals, showcasing how modernity and tradition can coexist. China’s efforts in cultural preservation are varied, covering education, documentation and active promotion. Schools 16 lessons about traditional customs, such as the significance of red couplets (对联) and dumpling-making, into their curricula. Local governments organize community events to ensure that rural areas maintain their cultural 17 . Putting the Spring Festival on UNESCO’s list enhances this commitment, serving as a reminder that cultural diversity enriches humanity as a whole. It also highlights the importance of preserving living traditions that evolve yet retain(保留) their core essence. In a globalized world this dynamic ensures that heritage can 18 without losing its soul. As the Spring Festival takes its 19 place among the world’s most treasured cultural practices, it reminds us that heritage is not just a relic of the past but a guide for the future, a source of 20 , inspiration and connection in an ever-changing world. The festival’s journey from local tradition to global treasure is powerful evidence to display the lasting strength of culture in uniting humanity. II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. When we visit museums, we see cultural artifacts—from everyday household items to precious carvings and statues, which give us glimpses into the diverse cultures and communities from around the world. 21 , controversy surrounds these artifacts and whether or not countries should return these pieces of culture if they were stolen or forcefully taken during colonization. On Wednesday, October 7, 2020, the Dutch advisory committee officially released a national report 22 to the return of cultural artifacts that were stolen from its previous colonies such as Indonesia, Suriname, and islands on the Caribbean. Through these actions, the Dutch government acknowledges the unfair treatment the colonies had previously experienced and 23 respect for the culture of these countries. Let’s look at the issue and the two sides of the 24 . Stolen Artifacts By the 18th and 19th centuries, European countries had colonized many African and Asian countries. During their 25 , they either seized artifacts or took them as spoils of wars, and brought them to their own countries where they are now displayed in museums. In 2017, the Government of Benin in West Africa negotiated with the British Museum in London to return their renowned Benin Bronzes, a collection of thousands of metal sculptures and plaques, which were 26 hung in the royal palace of the Kingdom of Benin. The debate regarding this issue 27 in 2018 when under President Emmanuel Macron, a report was released that directed that all heritage objects brought to French museums (without the permission of their original countries) be restored. With the official release of this report, museums all across Europe began to 28 their previous policies on colonial treasures. In France, twenty-seven artifacts had been identified for restoration, but only one—a traditional sword belonging to Senegal, has been 29 . Then, on Tuesday, October 6, 2020, France’s National Assembly officially passed a bill 30 the return of these heritage artifacts, twenty-six of which alone belonged to Benin, but didn’t arrange a certain date. The Debate Those who propose returning these objects to their original homes 31 that with technology enabling virtual museum tours, returning these artifacts to their homeland does not take away the opportunity to learn about them. 32 , the country of origin will receive a significant part of their heritage back, and these artifacts will be given a chance to be truly appreciated under proper historical context. Those against the restoration claim that culture is a 33 treasure and the artifacts are in fact “cultural ambassadors” that promote tolerance and understanding. They believe that while stealing them was 34 , history is full of “good” and “bad” actors. Moreover, they feel that keeping the cultural objects in the current museums have kept millions of artifacts 35 disfiguration and damage. 21．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Otherwise D．However 22．A．contributing B．agreeing C．looking D．objecting 23．A．restricts B．advocates C．demonstrates D．earns 24．A．debate B．conclusion C．myth D．assumption 25．A．profile B．rule C．reform D．closure 26．A．cautiously B．secretly C．officially D．previously 27．A．took a turn B．made a stir C．had a trick D．missed a point 28．A．applaud B．reconsider C．submit D．publicize 29．A．spotted B．damaged C．sharpened D．returned 30．A．postponing B．prohibiting C． promising D．demanding 31．A．argue B．object C．doubt D．challenges 32．A．Furthermore B．Contrarily C．Indeed D．Thus 33．A．hidden B．shared C．lost D．cherished 34．A．justified B．wrong C．lawful D．involuntary 35．A．safe from B．accessible to C．absent from D．subject to Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil and was transferred to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role but soon realised that managing her new team would be a challenge. Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she announced her decisions on the project, they would continue giving their opinions as if it was still up for discussion. What Gabriela was experiencing was a cultural conflict in expectations. She was used to a more hierarchical framework where the team leader and manager took control and gave specific instructions on how things were to be done. This more directive management style worked well for her and her team in Brazil but did not transfer well to her new team in Sweden, who were more used to a flatter hierarchy where decision making was more democratic. Dutch social psychologist Geert Hofstede uses the concept of “power distance” to describe how power is distributed and how hierarchy is perceived in different cultures. In her previous work environment, Gabriela was used to a high power distance culture where power and authority are respected and everyone has their rightful place. In such a culture, leaders make the big decisions and are not often challenged. Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where subordinates often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches or mentors who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged. When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she took the initiative to have an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership. Pleased to be asked for their thoughts, Gabriela’s team openly expressed that they were not used to being told what to do. They enjoyed having more room for initiative and creative freedom. With a better understanding of the underlying reasons behind each other’s behaviour, Gabriela and her team were able to adapt their way of working. Gabriela was then able to make adjustments to her management style so as to better fit the expectations of her team and more effectively motivate her team to achieve their goals. 36．Gabriela found it a challenge to manage her new team because her Swedish team ____________. A．preferred discussions to giving opinions B．lacked clear communication guidelines C．valued cooperative decision-making D．tended to keep a leader at a distance 37．The word “hierarchical” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ____________. A．structured B．external C．de-centralised D．short-sighted 38．Which of the following describes behaviors typical in a low power distance culture? ①　The manager acts as a guide but encourages input from the team. ②　Team members do not usually challenge the manager. ③　The manager involves the team in making decisions together. ④　The manager has a lot of control over what happens. ⑤　Team members can take the initiative to do things their way. A．①④⑤ B．②③④ C．①③⑤ D．③④⑤ 39．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Strict hierarchies ensure successful projects globally. B．Power distance solves cultural conflicts effectively. C．Swedish teams resist leadership due to lower expectation. D．Cultural hierarchy gaps require adapting management styles. The best white noise machines for a good night’s sleep Sleep is crucial to health. But disruptive (扰乱的) noises can prevent you from falling asleep. White noise machines could help, according to one study. LectroFan Classic MASKS NOISE: LectroFan Classic helps block out disruptive environmental noises. It can help improve sleep, focus, privacy, and relaxation. 20 NON-REPEATING SOUNDS: A total of 20 unique non-repeating, digitally created sounds. 10 fan sounds & 10 white noise variations, including pink & brown noise. SAFE: Safe, solid-state design is powered by AC (交流电) or USB and dynamically creates unique, non-repeating sounds. VOLUME CONTROL: Precise volume control allows you to set the perfect level for your unique environment. Yogasleep Rohm+ EFFECTIVELY MASKS NOISE: The Rohm effectively cancels out noises that may disturb or distract you for improved sleep and concentration. GENTLE SOUNDS: 20 different sounds including music, nature, white, pink, and brown noise, as well as Bluetooth speaker features to allow you to play your own music or sounds and to make a conference call on the road when you need. CRUSH (压坏) RESISTANT: Stylish, crush-resistant travel case fits perfectly with Yogasleep Rohm white noise machines. BATTERY OPERATED: Rechargeable through USB． Hatch Rest+ BEST FOR BABIES: Sound machine — keep your little one dreaming with sounds like white noise, wind, and rain. Night light — make midnight feedings comforting and the dark less scary with a calming light. Time-to-Rise — set up this light and sound combination to let your early riser know when it’s time to rise. Built-in two-way sound monitor. POWERED BY: AC and rechargeable. Loftie Clock FAVORITE CLOCK: Loftie Clock uses sound and lights to help ease you into and out of sleep. GENTLY UNWIND: Enjoy over 100 free tracks, from breathwork and sound baths to all kinds of white noise and nature sounds. AI-GENERATED PERSONAL STORIES: Loftie’s Magic Story Maker AI has an upgraded feature that lets you create sleep stories with Typeform. It then uses ChatGPT and ElevenLabs AI to craft your story. Unlocking the Magic Story Maker AI requires an upgrade to a Loftie+ account in the app ($5 per month). POWERED BY: AC power 40．_____ is the most suitable for Joana, whose baby sleeps in her room. A．LectroFan Classic B．Yogasleep Rohm+ C．Hatch Rest+ D．Loftie Clock 41．If you want to buy a white noise machine for your friend Tim, who often travels on business, you need to pay _____. A．$34.95. B．$40.03. C．$159.99. D．$149.00. 42．What can be learned about the four white noise machines? A．The four of them can all produce white noise and nature sounds. B．One of them can help you create your own sleep stories for free. C．Two of them can be powered by both AC and rechargeable batteries. D．Two of them can not only help you fall asleep but also wake you up. C Saved or Stolen? The British Museum has a well-earned reputation as an “encyclopaedic” museum, with a global story told through eight million objects. Inside, a wide-ranging collection includes everything from prehistoric pottery to precious handmade jewellery from India and Ming Dynasty vases from China. The museum helps us understand how events that happened at different times and in different places were connected, and how they influenced each other. Indeed, this was the vision of its founder, Sir Hans Sloane, who tried setting up cross-cultural comparisons in his original collection in 1753. As you walk around the British Museum today, it’s clear that Sloane’s broad-minded vision is very much alive and well. What’s less clear is how the museum acquired many of the objects on display and whether they should remain there. The collection has an obvious political dimension: while some objects have a well-documented history, others were added during Britain’s colonial period, so it’s possible they were stolen from famous archaeological sites or acquired in the war. Imagine having an important national monument from your country kept permanently in another country. How would you feel? Would you try to get the country to return it? It’s not surprising that many countries have gone on to ask for their treasures back. However; where they should be kept is a question that is still heatedly debated. The Rosetta Stone is a well-known exhibit that illustrates this problem. Carved in 196BCE, the stone was the key to unlocking the language of the ancient Egyptians. It was first discovered in 1799 near the town of el-Rashid (Rosetta) by soldiers in Napoleon’s army, but on Napoleon’s defeat in 1801, it became the property of the British. Many of the museum’s treasures were acquired in a similar way, but unsurprisingly, the British Museum is reluctant to let the Rosetta Stone go. It argues that more people see the Stone in London than they would in Cairo, the location is more secure and the exhibit is a critical part of its global collection. The Egyptian government has other ideas and is trying to persuade the museum to return it. They claim that it’s important for their nation’s history and identity, and that many Egyptians can’t afford to go to London to see it. But the British Museum won’t let the Rosetta Stone go, even as a loan, as they fear it won’t be returned. The British Museum is a place dedicated to international understanding, and the advantages of an encyclopaedic museum are clear to see: “We need to explore common ground, how people perceive their relationship to each other...and (to) see human history as an ongoing joint project,” explains MacGregor, former director of the British Museum. But this attempt to bring different cultures together has been self-defeating, ultimately having the opposite effect: taking treasures from other countries has resulted in never-ending international arguments and frosty relations with foreign governments. So as you admire the breathtaking objects on display at the museum, think about their heritage. Remember to ask yourself: Does the end justify the means? Is taking an object for a museum different from theft? And shouldn’t important objects be exhibited where they were originally made? 43．Which of the following words is similar in meaning to “encyclopaedic” (paragraph 1) ? A．being famous for its modern exhibitions. B．focusing only on ancient artifacts. C．containing a wide range of knowledge or information. D．owned by a private collector for personal use. 44．Why does the British Museum refuse to return the Rosetta Stone to Egypt? A．Because Egypt lacks the financial resources to protect it. B．Because more visitors can see it in London and its location is safer. C．Because the stone was legally purchased during colonial times. D．Because the Egyptian government has not formally requested its return. 45．The author’s attitude toward the British Museum’s argument is ______. A．strongly supportive B．completely neutral C．slightly skeptical D．openly against 46．What can be inferred about the “encyclopaedic museum” vision? A．It ignores the historical context of artifact acquisition. B．It successfully promotes global cultural harmony. C．It intentionally worsen international tensions. D．It prioritizes scientific research over national heritage. Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Have We Forgotten How to Enjoy Our Free Time? Leisure is the price, right? We work hard, so we want to play hard, we look forward to our time off, believing that the more leisure time we have, the better life will be. Enjoying that time — or savoring that end goal — should come naturally. However, research shows that both having and deciding how to spend leisure time can be very stressful. 47 This pressure to maximize our fun might be getting in the way of our enjoyment of the leisure itself. What’s wrong? In fact, the way we perceive and value leisure has changed, problematically. Understanding this evolution and finding ways to change our attitudes surrounding leisure could help people to start enjoying themselves once again. 48 In ancient Greece, most of the labor was outsourced to slaves, while wealthier parts of society pursued other activities. Leisure was an active state of mind. Good leisure meant playing sports, debating qualified peers, and doing philosophy. Leisure was not easy, but it was supposed to be rewarding. Today, however, a lack of leisure time operates as a powerful status symbol. In the workplace, being part of the long-hours working culture is seen by many as a badge of honor. This fuels the idea that we must maximize leisure’s enjoyment value and make every hour count when we actually do get some time off. This might not necessarily be a bad thing. 49 New research shows that we judge future positive events as both farther away and shorter than negative or neutral ones, leading us to feel as if a holiday is over as soon as it begins. Fortunately, there are ways to help out. 50 For holidays. do one thing that is “completely crazy” in the middle, such as bungee jumping and one equally insane thing at the end, say, an extravagant meal, to elevate the entire experience. For most people, the persistent fear that we are not using our time “right” can derail the very purpose of leisure, because the only “right” way to have leisure is to relax, let your guard down, make good memories, and trust the pieces will fall into place. A．But too much anticipation might set us up for a seemingly zero-duration holiday. B．Experts recommend using the peak-end rule, which influences the way we remember events. C．Equally, the way we chase the best leisure experiences has made recreation more stressful than ever. D．People of today tend to feel enormous pressure to make the best use of their downtime by making the best choices. E．Two thousand years ago, concepts of “work” and “leisure” was respectively associated with servitude (奴役) and freedom. F．Some people work to acquire collectable experiences that are unusual, novel or extreme to make our leisure time productive. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Nomadic (游牧的) Cultures Out of a global population of 7.5 billion, about 30 million people lead nomadic lifestyles. Such cultures can be found across continents, each with its own unique practices and adaptations. The Bedouin of the Middle East are famous for their traditional nomadic lifestyle. Historically, they were desert travellers who moved along fixed routes to find grazing land and water for their livestock. Their way of life was deeply rooted in strong community bonds and a sense of unity known as asabiyya. Their ability to protect their communities and live in the harsh desert environment was greatly influenced by their tight-knit social structure and adaptive strategies. The Moken, also known as sea gypsies, live in the Mergui Archipelago between Myanmar and Thailand. Their nomadic lifestyle is closely connected to the sea. During the dry season, they live on traditional houseboats, while in the rainy season, they build temporary villages on sheltered beaches. The Moken’s culture places a strong emphasis on sharing and community, reflected in their language, which lacks words for individual possessions. Despite their rich cultural traditions, the Moken face significant challenges due to government restrictions on their hunter-gatherer practices and the pressures of increasing tourism. These changes have forced them to adapt while trying to maintain their cultural heritage. The Sami, native to the tundras and taigas of northern Scandinavia, traditionally practiced reindeer herding (驯鹿放牧) across what are now Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. The Sami way of life has been restricted by modern national borders, but their culture, which values knowledge and the preservation of language and traditions, has made a comeback in recent years. The Sami have had to manage modern regulations while working to survive and maintain their rich cultural traditions. These three nomadic cultures — each with its distinct traditions and adaptations — demonstrate the diversity and flexibility of communities that continue to navigate the challenges of a changing world while preserving their unique ways of life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) 52．你所克服的困难终将使你强大。（end up）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 53．发生紧急情况时，牢记保持头脑冷静，先打110。(bear)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 54．无论你是因为上课时走神还是因为学业负担过重而心力交瘁，请及时向老师求助! (turn to) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 55．网络上催人奋进的故事被网友们贴上了“正能量”的标签，它们描述了普通人坚持不懈的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章。(label v.) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. UNESCO (联合国教科文组织)正在发起一个名为“Guardians of Intangible Heritage”的国际青年项目，旨在招募全球青年通过数字手段记录、保护和推广各自社区的非物质文化遗产(如方言、民间故事、传统手工艺、节庆等)。请你以一名中国高中生的身份，向该项目撰写一封申请信。 信的内容必须包括： 1.介绍一项中国非物质文化遗产，并阐述其独特价值和当前面临的挑战。 2.提出你的计划方案。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $