语法专项Unit 2 语法专项——物主代词&一般现在时（II）-2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语七年级上册

教学课件 新仁爱版七年级上册 Unit 2 语法专项——物主代词&一般现在时（II） 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 掌握物主代词（形容词性+名词性）的形式、用法及区别 理解一般现在时（三单主语）的定义、动词变化规则 熟练运用两种语法完成句式转换和各类习题 区分易混知识点，纠正常见语法错误 语法1 物主代词 - 定义 物主代词是表示“所属关系”的代词，即“谁的” 分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两类 作用是明确物品、人或事物的归属，避免重复表述 简单示例：This is my book.（我的书） 核心提示：两类物主代词用法不同，不可混淆使用 语法1 物主代词 - 形式对照表 人称 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 含义 第一人称单数 my mine 我的 第一人称复数 our ours 我们的 第二人称单/复数 your yours 你的/你们的 第三人称单数 his/her/its his/hers/its 他的/她的/它的 第三人称复数 their theirs 他们的/她们的/它们的 语法1 核心考点1 - 形容词性物主代词用法 核心规则：后必须跟名词，作句子定语 位置在名词前面，修饰名词，说明归属 例句：My pen is on the desk.（我的钢笔在桌子上） 例句：Her mother is a teacher.（她的妈妈是一名老师） 易错点：不能单独使用，后面必须搭配名词 语法1 核心考点2 - 名词性物主代词用法 核心规则：后不跟名词，可单独使用 功能相当于“形容词性物主代词 + 名词” 可作主语、宾语、表语，避免名词重复 例句：This book is mine.（这本书是我的=my book） 例句：His is a red pen.（他的是一支红色钢笔=his pen） 语法1 核心考点3 - 两类物主代词对比 形容词性物主代词：有“形”有“名”（后接名词） 例：our classroom（我们的教室）、their bags（他们的书包） 名词性物主代词：有“名”无“形”（不接名词） 例：This is ours.（这是我们的）、Hers is blue.（她的是蓝色的） 同义转换：My bag is new. = Mine is new. 提示：做题时先看后面是否有名词，判断用哪类 语法1 核心考点4 - 特殊易错点 his和its的形容词性与名词性形式完全相同 例：His pen is black.（his形容词性）；This is his.（his名词性） 名词性物主代词后绝对不能接名词 误：This is mine book. 正：This is my book./This is mine. 形容词性物主代词后绝对不能少名词 误：My is a student. 正：I am a student./My sister is a student. 语法1 小练习1 - 选词填空 用括号内正确的物主代词填空（注意词性） This is ______ (my/mine) pencil. ______ (Your/Yours) is on the desk. —Is this dictionary ______ (his/him)? —Yes, it’s ______ (his/he). ______ (Our/Ours) classroom is big. ______ (Their/Theirs) is clean. The cat is looking for ______ (its/it) mother. These are ______ (her/hers) books. ______ (My/Mine) are in the bag. my Yours his his Our Theirs its her Mine 语法1 小练习2 - 单项选择 1. —Whose schoolbag is this? —It’s ______. A. me B. my C. mine D. I 2. This is not ______ ruler. ______ is in my pencil box. A. her; Hers B. hers; Her C. she; Her D. her; She 3. —Is this ______ computer? —Yes, it’s ______. A. your; mine B. yours; my C. your; my D. yours; mine C A A 语法1 小练习3 - 用所给词的适当形式填空 (I) This is ________ pen. ________ is black and white. (she) That is ________ book. ________ is new and beautiful. (they) These are ________ toys. ________ are on the floor. (we) This is ________ classroom. ________ is next to the library. (he) Is this ________ bag? No, ________ is red. my Mine her Hers their Theirs our Ours his his 语法1 小练习4 - 判断正误并改正 判断下列句子正误，对的写T，错的写F并改正 This is mine book. ( ) 改正： Her is a good student, and hers books are on the desk. ( ) 改正： 3. Our classroom is clean, and theirs is big. ( ) 改正： 4. The dog is playing with its ball. ( ) 改正： 5. This pen is your, and that one is my. ( ) 改正： F This is my book. F She is a good student, and her books are on the desk. T T F This pen is yours, and that one is mine. 语法2 一般现在时（II）- 定义 适用场景：主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时 第三人称单数主语：he/she/it、单数名词、不可数名词 含义：表示经常性、习惯性动作，或客观真理 例句：He plays football every day.（他每天踢足球） 例句：The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起） 核心区别：谓语动词需变第三人称单数形式 语法2 核心考点1 - 三单主语判定 明确三单主语范围，避免误用动词形式 常见三单主语：人称代词he、she、it；单数名词Tom、a book、the cat；不可数名词water、rice、milk 易错区分：复数名词（students）、we/you/they不是三单 示例：She likes music.（三单）；They like music.（非三单） 语法2 核心考点2 - 动词三单变化规则（一） 一般情况：动词末尾直接加 -s 例：play → plays、read → reads、look → looks 以s、x、ch、sh、o结尾：加 -es 例：watch → watches、go → goes、wash → washes 记忆技巧：s/x/ch/sh/o，结尾加上es错不了 易错点：go的三单是goes，不是goess 语法2 核心考点3 - 动词三单变化规则（二） 以辅音字母 + y结尾：变y为i，再加 -es 例：study → studies、fly → flies、try → tries 特殊变化（需单独记忆）：have → has、do → does 示例：He has a new bag.（has是have的三单） 示例：She does her homework every evening.（does是do的三单） 语法2 核心考点4 - 三单否定句用法 结构：主语（三单）+ doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 核心：doesn’t后必须跟动词原形，不能变三单 例句：He doesn’t like playing basketball.（他不喜欢打篮球） 例句：She doesn’t go to school on Sundays.（她周日不上学） 易错点：避免写成He don’t like...（don’t用于非三单） 语法2 核心考点5 - 三单一般疑问句用法 结构：Does + 主语（三单）+ 动词原形 + 其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + does. 否定回答：No, 主语 + doesn’t. 例句：—Does he like music? —Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t. 例句：—Does she go to school by bus? —Yes, she does. 易错点：Does开头后，动词必须用原形，不能加s/es 语法2 核心考点6 - 三单特殊疑问句用法 结构：特殊疑问词 + does + 主语（三单）+ 动词原形 + 其他？ 常见特殊疑问词：what、when、where、how、who 例句：What does he do every morning?（他每天早上做什么？） 例句：Where does she go after school?（她放学后去哪里？） 提示：疑问词后必须跟does，不能用do 语法2 小练习1 - 动词适当形式填空 用所给动词的适当形式填空（注意三单变化） He _________ (play) football every afternoon. She _________ (go) to school at 7:30 every morning. My father _________ (watch) TV in the evening. The cat _________ (eat) fish every day. Tom _________ (study) hard at school. plays goes watches eats studies 语法2 小练习2 - 单项选择 1. She ______ a new pen. It’s very beautiful. A. have B. has C. is D. are 2. —______ he play basketball every day? —No, he ______. A. Do; don’t B. Does; doesn’t C. Do; doesn’t D. Does; don’t 3. My mother ______ like coffee. She likes tea. A. don’t B. doesn’t C. isn’t D. aren’t B B B 语法2 小练习3 - 按要求改写句子 He plays football every day.（否定句） She goes to school by bus.（一般疑问句） Tom does his homework in the evening.（对划线提问） Does she like reading books?（肯定回答+否定回答） He doesn’t play football every day. Does she go to school by bus? What does Tom do in the evening? Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t. 语法2 小练习4 - 判断正误并改正 1. He don’t like playing computer games. ( ) 改正： 2. She goes to school at 7 o’clock. ( ) 改正： 3. Does he likes swimming? ( ) 改正： 4. My father watch TV every night. ( ) 改正： F He doesn’t like playing computer games. T F Does he like swimming? F My father watches TV every night. 语法综合练习1 - 选词填空 综合物主代词和一般现在时（三单）知识点填空 This is ______ (my/mine) friend. He ______ (like) playing football. —Is this pen ______ (her/hers)? —Yes, she ______ (use) it every day. ______ (His/He) is a student. He ______ (study) in No. 2 Middle School. The dog is ______ (its/it) pet. It ______ (look) very cute. my likes hers uses He studies its looks 语法综合练习2 - 单项选择 1. —Whose bag is this? —It’s ______. She ______ it every day. A. hers; use B. her; uses C. hers; uses D. her; use 2. He ______ a new bike. ______ bike is black. A. has; His B. have; His C. has; He D. have; He 3. —Does she ______ to school on foot? —No, she ______. A. go; doesn’t B. goes; doesn’t C. go; don’t D. goes; don’t C A A 语法综合练习3 - 句式转换 She has a beautiful dress.（否定句） Tom plays basketball after school.（一般疑问句） My sister does her homework at 8 p.m.（对划线提问） This is his book.（同义句转换，用名词性物主代词） She doesn’t have a beautiful dress. Does Tom play basketball after school? When does your sister do her homework? This book is his. 语法综合练习4 - 根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 这是她的钢笔，她每天都用它。 This is _________ pen. She _________ it every day. 2. 他不喜欢牛奶，他喜欢果汁。 He _________ _________ milk. He _________ juice. 3. 这是我们的教室，他们的在隔壁。 This is ________ classroom. _________ is next door. her uses doesn’t like likes our Theirs 易混知识点对比（一） 易混点 正确用法 错误示例 my/mine my+名词，mine不接名词 This is mine book. her/hers her+名词，hers不接名词 Hers is a student. his/his 形容词性和名词性同形，看是否接名词 He is his friend. 易混知识点对比（二） 易混点 正确用法 错误示例 don’t/doesn’t 非三单用don’t，三单用doesn’t She don’t like apples. 动词三单变化 辅音+y变i加es，o结尾加es study → studys、go → goess Does+动词 Does后接动词原形 Does he plays football? 语法核心考点梳理（物主代词） 物主代词分两类：形容词性（接名词）和名词性（不接名词） his和its的两类形式完全相同，需根据名词判断用法 同义转换：形容词性物主代词+名词 = 名词性物主代词 易错点：避免形容词性物主代词单独用、名词性物主代词接名词 语法核心考点梳理（一般现在时II） 三单主语：he/she/it、单数名词、不可数名词 动词三单变化：一般加s，s/x/ch/sh/o加es，辅音+y变i加es 三单否定：主语+doesn’t+动词原形；疑问：Does+主语+动词原形 易错点：doesn’t、Does后动词必须用原形，不可变三单 学习总结 掌握物主代词两类形式及用法，能熟练区分和转换 理解三单主语判定，熟练掌握动词三单变化规则 能运用一般现在时（三单）完成否定、疑问、特殊疑问句转换 区分易混知识点，纠正常见语法错误，完成综合练习 教学课件 Unit 2 语法专项——物主代词&一般现在时（II） Thank you for listening! 33 $