Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元语法（感叹句）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元语法词汇题型练习(沪教版五四学制)

Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 单元语法精练（感叹句 ） 用来表达喜悦、愤怒、悲哀、惊奇等不同的感情色彩。一般用 what 或 how 引导。 What what 引导的感叹句中心词为名词 1. What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What a cute girl (she is）！ / What an interesting story(it is)! 2. What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What beautiful flowers (these are)！ 3. What + 形容词 + 不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What fine weather it is today！ How how 引导的感叹句中心词为形容词或副词 1. How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分！ How lovely the cat is！/ How hard she works！ 2. How + 主语 + 谓语！ How time flies！ 做题口诀 去主谓 定末尾 名词what 形副 how a/an 出现要注意 形名相连就用 what 形名不连就用 how how a / how an 永不选 副词只能用 how 一、单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．________ amazing experience it is to see the bioluminescent plankton (发光浮游生物) in the ocean at night! A．What B．How C．What a D．What an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在夜晚看到海洋中的发光浮游生物是多么奇妙的经历啊！ 考查感叹句。What引导感叹句，结构为“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”；How引导感叹句，结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。中心词“experience”为可数名词单数，其前有形容词“amazing”修饰，且“amazing”以元音音素/ə/开头，应用“What an”结构。故选D。 2．—What ________ cold weather it is! —Yes, but we have ________ unusual time because we can see snow. A．a; an B．a; / C．/; an D．/; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——多么冷的天气啊！——是的，但我们度过了一段不寻常的时光，因为我们可以看雪。 考查冠词用法。weather为不可数名词，在感叹句中通常不用冠词，故第一空不填；time作“时光，时期”解时为可数名词，此处指“一段不寻常的时光”，且unusual以元音音素/ʌ/开头，应用an。故选C。 3．—What ________ terrible weather! You’d better put on your thick coat when you go out. —OK. It’s ________ useful suggestion. A．/; a B．a; / C．/; an D．a; a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——多糟糕的天气啊！你出去时最好穿上厚外套。——好的。这是个有用的建议。 考查冠词。weather（天气）为不可数名词，感叹句中不可数名词前不加冠词，故第一空不填。suggestion（建议）为可数名词单数，且useful以辅音音素/ju:/开头，故用a，不用an。故选A。 4．—________ fantastic China’s 2025 military parade (阅兵) is! —You’re right. And I feel really proud of our country. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——中国的2025年阅兵是多么壮观啊！——你说得对。我为我们国家感到非常自豪。 考查感叹句结构。设空处后紧跟形容词“fantastic”，强调“阅兵有多么棒”，主语是“China’s 2025 military parade”，谓语是“is”，由于句子以形容词“fantastic”开头，应使用“How”来引导感叹句，形成完整结构“How+形容词+主语+谓语”。故选A。 5．—Did you watch the Robot Taxi show in Wuhan last week? —Yes. ________ interesting it is! A．How B．What C．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你上周看了武汉的机器人出租车表演吗？——是的。它多么有趣啊！ 考查感叹句。根据空格后的“interesting it is”可知，中心词是形容词interesting，应用“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”的感叹句结构。故选A。 6．________ delicious the mooncake tastes! A．What a B．How C．What D．How a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个月饼尝起来真美味啊！ 考查感叹句。What a多么，后接以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词；How多么，后接形容词或副词；What多么，后接名词短语；How a错误结构。空格后为形容词“delicious”，应用How引导感叹句，结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语”。故选B。 7．—________ beautiful the postcards are! May I have a look at them? —Sure! Here you are. A．How B．What C．What a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这些明信片多么漂亮啊！我可以看看它们吗？——当然！给你。 考查感叹句。How多么；What什么；What a多么一个。根据“... beautiful the postcards are!”可知，本句是感叹句，中心词是形容词“beautiful”，用How引导感叹句。故选A。 8．—Our team won first place in the table tennis match. —________exciting news it is! We are so happy about it. A．What an B．How a C．What D．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们队在乒乓球比赛中获得了第一名。——这是多么令人兴奋的消息啊！我们对此非常高兴。 考查感叹句。根据“... exciting news it is!”可知，此句为感叹句，感叹句有两种结构，分别为“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”和“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。本题中“news”为不可数名词，其前不能用不定冠词修饰，所以应该用“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！”的结构，即What exciting news it is! 故选C。 9．________ wonderful party we had last night! We laughed a lot. A．What a B．What C．How D．How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们昨晚举办的派对太棒了！我们笑得很开心。 考查感叹句。根据“…wonderful party we had last night!”可知，本句是感叹句，强调的中心词是可数名词单数party，应用“What a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主谓!”句型，wonderful发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a修饰。故选A。 10．—________ great progress we have made in science and technology! —We are proud of our country. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们在科学技术方面取得了多么大的进步啊！——我们为我们的国家感到骄傲。 考查感叹句。What+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+其他；What+a/an+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+其他；How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语+其他。根据“great progress”可知，应该用What引导，“progress”是不可数名词，前面不用冠词a或an。故选A。 11．________ useful information Lily has posted on her blog! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Lily在她的博客上发表了多么有用的信息啊！ 考查感叹句。根据“...useful information Lily has posted”可知此处对名词information感叹，对不可数名词感叹用what。故选A。 12．I didn’t expect my baby brother to come to my graduation ceremony. ________ surprise! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我没想到我的小弟弟会来参加我的毕业典礼。真是一个大惊喜！ 考查感叹句。感叹句的中心词surprise是可数名词单数形式，所以用结构：What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！surprise以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故选B。 13．________ disappointing excuse you’ve made when failing to hand in your project on time! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当你的项目没有按时上交时，你给出的借口是多么令人失望啊！ 考查感叹句。感叹句可以由what和how来引导，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。what引导的感叹句的结构有三种：What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语；What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语；What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语。how引导的感叹句的结构有：How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语；How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。本题中，excuse作名词，意为“借口”，是可数名词，因此用what引导，disappointing意为“令人失望的”形容词，其前用不定冠词a修饰。故选C。 14．________ lovely day it is! Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine. A．What B．What a C．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：多么美好的一天啊！让我们出去享受阳光吧。 考查感叹句。感叹句以What或How开头，以What开头的常见结构有两种：“What+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词单数（+主谓）！”或“What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主谓）！”；以How开头的常见结构为“How+形容词/副词（+主谓）！”。根据“... lovely day it is!”可知，day是可数名词单数，前面需加上不定冠词a/an，lovely以辅音音素开头，用a。故选B。 15．________ long journey you had! Just leave your luggage to me and have a rest. A．How B．What a C．How a D．What 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你的旅程真长啊！把行李交给我吧，你休息一下。 考查感叹句。根据空后的“long journey you had”及标点可知，此处为“What+a/an+形容词+名词单数+主语+谓语!”结构的感叹句，B项正确。故选B。 16．Look at the flowers. ________ beautiful they are! A．What B．What a C．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看这些花。它们是多么漂亮啊！ 考查感叹句。感叹句的结构：What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语；What a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语；How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。此处中心词为形容词beautiful，用how，故选C。 17．—________ exciting news it is! —Yes, it makes everyone happy. A．What an B．How C．What D．How an 【答案】C 【详解】——多么令人兴奋的消息啊！——是的，这让每个人都很开心。 考查感叹句。news为不可数名词，应用what引导感叹句，结构为what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语。故选C。 18．________ useful work they have done! A．What a B．What C．How D．What an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们做了多么有用的工作啊！ 考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是不可数名词work，用感叹句结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓。故选B。 19．________ interesting book it is! I would like to read it again. A．How an B．What an C．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是一本多么有趣的书啊！我想再读一遍。 考查感叹句。此处是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数“book”，“interesting”以元音音素开头，故选B。 20．—________ special class we had today! We have learned about Chinese Kungfu. —That sounds really interesting, Tom. A．How a B．How C．What a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——今天我们上了一堂多么特别的课啊！我们学了中国功夫。——听起来真有趣，汤姆。 考查感叹句。根据“...special class we had today!”可知，中心词是名词单数class，应用“What+a/an+形容词+名词单数+主谓”结构；special是以辅音音素开头，不定冠词应用a。故选C。 21．________ fun the Water Festival is! A．How a B．What C．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：泼水节多么有趣啊！ 考查感叹句。此句中心词是不可数名词fun，意为“乐趣，有趣的事”，应用what感叹，且不可数名词前不能用不定冠词，故选B。 22．—Have you watched Wang Yaping’s science lecture (讲座) from China’s space station? —Yes. ________ interesting it is! A．How an B．What C．How D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看过王亚平在中国空间站的科学讲座吗？——是的。多么有趣啊！ 考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是形容词interesting，用感叹句结构：how adj.+主谓。故选C。 23．________ funny the story is! A．What B．How C．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个故事多么有趣啊！ 考查感叹句。此句是感叹句，中心词是funny，形容词，用How引导感叹句。故选B。 24．—________ high the sky lantern flies! —Yeah! It looks like a small hot-air balloon. A．What B．What a C．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——天灯飞得多高呀！——是的！它看起来像一个小热气球。 考查感叹句。What什么；What a一个多么……；How多么。根据句子结构可知，此处是感叹句，high是副词，所以应该用how来引导感叹句，其结构是“How+副词+主语+谓语+其他!”。故选C。 25．—So many cars and buses on the road.   —Wow. ________ heavy traffic it is! A．How a B．How C．What a D．What 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——路上有这么多汽车和公共汽车。——哇！交通多么拥挤啊！ 考查感叹句。根据“...heavy traffic it is!”可知，句子为感叹句，句子中心词为“traffic”，意为：交通，不可数名词。因此，感叹句句型应为：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！故选D。 26．________ terrible weather we have been having these days! A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这些天我们经历了多么糟糕的天气啊!！ 考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是不可数名词weather，用结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓。故选A。 27．________ good advice my teacher gave me! A．How B．What C．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的老师给了我多好的建议啊！ 考查感叹句。此句强调的中心词是不可数名词advice，符合结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓。故选B。 28．—Kate can dance Subject Three very well after watching the video twice. —Wow, ________ amazing girl! A．how B．what C．what an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看了两遍视频后，凯特能把《科目三》跳得很好。——哇，真是个了不起的女孩！ 考查感叹句。根据“… amazing girl!”可知，句子省略了主语和谓语，中心词为“girl”，可数名词单数，感叹句的结构为：What + a/an +形容词+名词+（主谓）！其中“amazing”是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词“an”。故选C。 29．—________ fine weather it is! Let’s go hiking. —Sounds great! A．What a B．What an C．What D．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——天气真好！我们去远足吧。——听起来是个好主意。 考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是不可数名词weather，用感叹句结构what adj. n.+主谓。故选C。 30．________ it is to fly kites in the countryside! A．What great fun B．How great fun C．What a great fun D．How great a fun 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在乡下放风筝是件多么棒的事啊！ 考查感叹句。what引导的感叹句结构为：what+(a/an)+形容词+名词（单数/复数）+主语+谓语；how引导的感叹句结构为：how+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语。fun“乐趣”，不可数名词，great为形容词，与fun连用无需加不定冠词，用what引导感叹句。故选A。 二、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．Cormorant fishing is a very traditional type of work.（改为感叹句） very traditional type of work cormorant fishing is! 【答案】 What a 【详解】句意：鸬鹚捕鱼是一种非常传统的工作类型。原句是陈述句，句中“traditional type of work”的核心是可数名词单数“type”，形容词“traditional”修饰“type”；感叹句结构中，对“a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”感叹时，用“What”引导，结构为“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”；原句中“a very traditional type”符合此结构，故填What；a。 32．Jack lives a peaceful life in the countryside. (改为感叹句) peaceful life Jack lives in the countryside! 【答案】 What a 【详解】句意：杰克在乡村过着宁静的生活。感叹句的中心词是可数名词单数life，peaceful以辅音音素开头，用感叹句结构what a adj. n.+主谓。故填What；a。 33．Many countries have experienced extreme weather conditions in recent years. （改为感叹句） weather conditions many countries have experienced in recent years! 【答案】 What extreme 【详解】句意：近年来，许多国家都经历了极端天气条件。此句中，extreme是形容词修饰名词短语weather conditions，中心词是名词复数，感叹词用what提问，结构为“what+形容词+名词+主谓！”。故填What；extreme。 34．The newly-released movie has a touching plot.（改为感叹句） touching plot the newly-released movie has! 【答案】 What a 【详解】句意：这部新上映的电影有感人的情节。根据“touching plot the newly-released movie has!”可知，此处感叹句应为“What+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语”的结构，在原句中中心词是plot“情节”，为可数名词单数，前面有形容词touching修饰，所以此处应用what a。故填What；a。 35．It’s interesting to feed animals. (改为感叹句) it is to feed animals! 【答案】 How interesting 【详解】句意：喂动物很有趣。根据“…it is to feed animals!”可知，此处应用how引导感叹句，其结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语”，第一空应用How，第二空应用interesting。故填How；interesting。 36．My classmates were so excited because we won the game in the end. (改为感叹句) my classmates were because we won the game in the end! 【答案】 How excited 【详解】句意：因为我们最终赢得了比赛，我的同学们非常激动。此处作be动词的表语用形容词excited“兴奋的”，在感叹句中，修饰形容词excited使用how，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！” 故填How；excited。 37．It’s much fun to go cycling with some of my best friends at weekends. (改为感叹句) it is to go cycling with some of my best friends at weekends! 【答案】 What fun 【详解】句意：周末和我最好的朋友一起去骑自行车是多么有趣啊！变成感叹句后中心词为名词fun，是不可数名词，感叹句应用what引导。故填What；fun。 38．They were very excited to decorate their classroom themselves.（改成感叹句） they were to decorate their classroom themselves! 【答案】How excited 【详解】句意：他们非常兴奋地自己装饰教室。excited是形容词，用how+形容词+主谓的感叹句结构，故填How excited。 39．collect, discuss, we, wonderful, how, is, it, to, solar energy, us, often, for  (连词成句) 【答案】We often discuss how wonderful it is for us to collect solar energy. 【详解】根据所给单词和标点符号可知，本句为含有宾语从句的复合句，且时态为一般现在时。“We”我们，句首首字母大写，作主句的主语；“often”经常，频度副词，放在实义动词之前；“discuss”讨论，作主句的谓语动词；“how wonderful it is for us to collect solar energy”是宾语从句，其中“how wonderful”多么美妙，作从句的表语；“it is…for sb to do sth”是固定句型，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，“for us”对我们来说；“to collect solar energy”收集太阳能，作从句真正的主语。故填We often discuss how wonderful it is for us to collect solar energy. “我们经常讨论收集太阳能对我们来说是多么美妙”。 40．you, to chat, with, how, it, on the internet, is, interesting (连词成句). ! 【答案】How interesting it is to chat with you on the internet 【详解】根据所给单词及标点符号可知，本句是How引导的感叹句，其感叹句的句型结构是为How+adj.+it is+to do sth.! interesting“有趣的”为形容词，在句中作表语。it作形式主语，to chat with sb.表示“与某人聊天”，是真正的主语；on the internet在句中作状语，故填How interesting it is to chat with you on the internet“和你在网上聊天是多么有趣”。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 单元语法精练（感叹句 ） 用来表达喜悦、愤怒、悲哀、惊奇等不同的感情色彩。一般用 what 或 how 引导。 What what 引导的感叹句中心词为名词 1. What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What a cute girl (she is）！ / What an interesting story(it is)! 2. What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What beautiful flowers (these are)！ 3. What + 形容词 + 不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What fine weather it is today！ How how 引导的感叹句中心词为形容词或副词 1. How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分！ How lovely the cat is！/ How hard she works！ 2. How + 主语 + 谓语！ How time flies！ 做题口诀 去主谓 定末尾 名词what 形副 how a/an 出现要注意 形名相连就用 what 形名不连就用 how how a / how an 永不选 副词只能用 how 一、单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．________ amazing experience it is to see the bioluminescent plankton (发光浮游生物) in the ocean at night! A．What B．How C．What a D．What an 2．—What ________ cold weather it is! —Yes, but we have ________ unusual time because we can see snow. A．a; an B．a; / C．/; an D．/; a 3．—What ________ terrible weather! You’d better put on your thick coat when you go out. —OK. It’s ________ useful suggestion. A．/; a B．a; / C．/; an D．a; a 4．—________ fantastic China’s 2025 military parade (阅兵) is! —You’re right. And I feel really proud of our country. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 5．—Did you watch the Robot Taxi show in Wuhan last week? —Yes. ________ interesting it is! A．How B．What C．What an 6．________ delicious the mooncake tastes! A．What a B．How C．What D．How a 7．—________ beautiful the postcards are! May I have a look at them? —Sure! Here you are. A．How B．What C．What a 8．—Our team won first place in the table tennis match. —________exciting news it is! We are so happy about it. A．What an B．How a C．What D．How 9．________ wonderful party we had last night! We laughed a lot. A．What a B．What C．How D．How a 10．—________ great progress we have made in science and technology! —We are proud of our country. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 11．________ useful information Lily has posted on her blog! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 12．I didn’t expect my baby brother to come to my graduation ceremony. ________ surprise! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 13．________ disappointing excuse you’ve made when failing to hand in your project on time! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 14．________ lovely day it is! Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine. A．What B．What a C．How 15．________ long journey you had! Just leave your luggage to me and have a rest. A．How B．What a C．How a D．What 16．Look at the flowers. ________ beautiful they are! A．What B．What a C．How 17．—________ exciting news it is! —Yes, it makes everyone happy. A．What an B．How C．What D．How an 18．________ useful work they have done! A．What a B．What C．How D．What an 19．________ interesting book it is! I would like to read it again. A．How an B．What an C．How 20．—________ special class we had today! We have learned about Chinese Kungfu. —That sounds really interesting, Tom. A．How a B．How C．What a 21．________ fun the Water Festival is! A．How a B．What C．What a 22．—Have you watched Wang Yaping’s science lecture (讲座) from China’s space station? —Yes. ________ interesting it is! A．How an B．What C．How D．What an 23．________ funny the story is! A．What B．How C．What a 24．—________ high the sky lantern flies! —Yeah! It looks like a small hot-air balloon. A．What B．What a C．How 25．—So many cars and buses on the road.   —Wow. ________ heavy traffic it is! A．How a B．How C．What a D．What 26．________ terrible weather we have been having these days! A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 27．________ good advice my teacher gave me! A．How B．What C．What a 28．—Kate can dance Subject Three very well after watching the video twice. —Wow, ________ amazing girl! A．how B．what C．what an 29．—________ fine weather it is! Let’s go hiking. —Sounds great! A．What a B．What an C．What D．How 30．________ it is to fly kites in the countryside! A．What great fun B．How great fun C．What a great fun D．How great a fun 二、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．Cormorant fishing is a very traditional type of work.（改为感叹句） very traditional type of work cormorant fishing is! 32．Jack lives a peaceful life in the countryside. (改为感叹句) peaceful life Jack lives in the countryside! 33．Many countries have experienced extreme weather conditions in recent years. （改为感叹句） weather conditions many countries have experienced in recent years! 34．The newly-released movie has a touching plot.（改为感叹句） touching plot the newly-released movie has! 35．It’s interesting to feed animals. (改为感叹句) it is to feed animals! 36．My classmates were so excited because we won the game in the end. (改为感叹句) my classmates were because we won the game in the end! 37．It’s much fun to go cycling with some of my best friends at weekends. (改为感叹句) it is to go cycling with some of my best friends at weekends! 38．They were very excited to decorate their classroom themselves.（改成感叹句） they were to decorate their classroom themselves! 39．collect, discuss, we, wonderful, how, is, it, to, solar energy, us, often, for  (连词成句) 40．you, to chat, with, how, it, on the internet, is, interesting (连词成句). ! 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $