Unit 10 语法专项 物主代词 & 一般过去时（Ⅱ）课件 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版七年级英语下册

教学课件 新仁爱版七年级下册 Unit 10 语法专项—— 物主代词 & 一般过去时（Ⅱ） 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 掌握物主代词的分类、形式及核心用法区别 熟练运用be动词和实义动词的一般过去时各类句式 能区分并正确使用形容词性和名词性物主代词 完成一般过去时的否定、疑问及各类句式转换题型 结合语境综合运用两大语法，规避常见使用错误 一、物主代词 - 核心概念 物主代词是表示所属关系的代词，表“……的”含义 分为形容词性和名词性两类，二者用法差异显著 形容词性物主代词需后接名词，在句中充当定语成分 名词性物主代词可单独使用，能作主语、宾语或表语 判断使用类型的核心：看空格后是否有名词修饰 物主代词 - 完整形式对照表 人称 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 例句对比 第一人称单数 my mine This is my pen. → This pen is mine. 第二人称单数 your yours Is this your bike? → Is this bike yours? 第三人称单数 his/her/its his/hers/its That is his dog. → That dog is his. 第一人称复数 our ours This is our house. → This house is ours. 第二人称复数 your yours Are these your books? → Are these books yours? 第三人称复数 their theirs Those are their toys. → Those toys are theirs. 物主代词 - 形容词性用法详解 核心特征为必须后接名词，不能在句中单独使用 在句中作定语，作用是修饰后面的名词，表所属 This is my pen. my修饰pen，表“我的笔” Her bag is pink. her修饰bag，表“她的包” Their classroom is big. their修饰classroom，表“他们的教室” 物主代词 - 名词性用法详解 核心特征为可单独使用，后面不能再接名词 在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，替代“形物代+名词” This pen is mine. mine=my pen，在句中作表语 Yours is on the desk. yours=your book，在句中作主语 I like hers. hers=her bike，在句中作宾语 物主代词 - 核心用法对比 This is your ruler. → This ruler is yours. That is our house. → That house is ours. Those are their toys. → Those toys are theirs. It is his dog. → It is his. 名词性物主代词的本质，是替代前文出现的“形物代+名词” 物主代词 - 高频易错点 形容词性物主代词单独使用，如This is my. 属于错误表达 名词性物主代词后接名词，如The book is mine book. 冗余错误 混淆his的用法，his可接名词也可单独用，无需额外变形 your兼具“你的”和“你们的”含义，需结合语境判断单复数 物主代词 - 基础小练（填空） 根据句意，用所给代词的适当形式填空 1.This is ________ (I) teacher. The cup is ________ (she). 2.—Is this ________ (you) bag? —Yes, it’s ________ (I). 3.The dog is ________ (they). ________ (they) dog is black. 4.These are ________ (we) pens. Those are ________ (you). my your mine theirs Their our yours hers 二、一般过去时（Ⅱ）- 核心概念回顾 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态 常与明确的过去时间状语连用，时态判断关键看时间 本单元重点掌握be动词和实义动词的否定、疑问句式 be动词过去式分was和were，实义动词需借助did变形 常见时间标志词：yesterday、last week、just now、three days ago 一般过去时（Ⅱ）- be动词的句式结构 be动词过去式分两种：was用于单数，were用于复数 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其他成分 否定句：主语 + was/were + not，可缩写为wasn’t/weren’t 疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 其他成分？ 回答需保持时态一致，疑问句中I/we对应的be动词用were 一般过去时（Ⅱ）- be动词句式例句 结合具体例句，理解不同句式的实际用法 I was at home yesterday. / They were in the park just now. She wasn’t happy last night. / We weren’t late for school. Was he in Beijing yesterday? / Were you busy last weekend? —Were you at the party? —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 一般过去时（Ⅱ）- 实义动词的句式结构 实义动词的否定、疑问句式，需借助助动词did完成 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他成分 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他成分 疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他成分？ 回答：Yes, 主语+did. / No, 主语+didn’t. did体现过去时态，后面的实义动词必须用原形 一般过去时（Ⅱ）- 实义动词句式例句 结合例句强化理解，注意动词形式的正确变化 We planted trees last Saturday. / He read a book yesterday. They didn’t water the flowers. / I didn’t ride my bike to school. Did you help your mom? / Did they have a good time? —Did you go to the zoo? —Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 一般过去时 - 动词过去式变化规则回顾 规则变化 一般动词直接加ed：plant→planted，water→watered 以e结尾的动词直接加d：like→liked，live→lived 辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加ed：study→studied，carry→carried 重读闭音节结尾，双写尾辅音再加ed：stop→stopped，plan→planned 一般过去时 - 高频不规则动词（本单元重点） 不规则动词无固定变化规则，需要逐个熟记 do→did；go→went；have→had；dig→dug ride→rode；make→made；see→saw；say→said take→took；put→put；read→read；write→wrote put、read的过去式与原形拼写完全一致，注意发音变化 一般过去时（Ⅱ）- 高频易错点（be动词） 单复数混淆，出现He were late. 这类错误表达 否定形式错写，如I was notn. 正确形式为I wasn’t. 疑问句be动词位置错误，如You were at home? 需将be动词提至句首 回答时态不一致，如—Was she here? —Yes, she is. 需用过去式回应 一般过去时（Ⅱ）- 高频易错点（实义动词） 否定句中实义动词用过去式，如I didn’t watered the flowers. 疑问句中实义动词用过去式，如Did you went to the park? 肯定句中重复使用助动词，如He did played football. 重读闭音节动词变形，漏双写尾辅音，如stop→stoped 一般过去时（Ⅱ）- 基础小练1（be动词） 按要求完成句子，注意was和were的正确使用 1.I ________ (be) at school yesterday morning. 2.They ________ (not be) happy last night. 3.________ (be) your brother at home just now? 4.—Were you in the library? —No, I ________ (not be). was weren’t Was wasn’t 一般过去时（Ⅱ）- 基础小练2（实义动词） 用所给动词的适当形式填空，注意句式变化规则 1.She ________ (plant) a tree last weekend. 2.We ____________ (not water) the flowers yesterday. 3.________ (do) you ________ (dig) a hole just now? 4.—Did he ________ (ride) a bike? —Yes, he ________ (do). planted didn’t water Did dig ride did 物主代词 & 一般过去时 - 综合小练1（填空） 1.________ (we) classroom is clean, and ________ (they) is big too. 2.He ____________ (not help) his friend yesterday. His friend’s bike is ________ (he). 3.—Is this ________ (you) pen? —Yes, I ________ (buy) it last week. 4.The food is ________ (we). We ________ (have) a picnic yesterday. Our theirs didn’t help his your bought ours had 物主代词 & 一般过去时 - 综合小练2（单项选择） 1.This book is ________. I bought it yesterday. A. my B. mine C. me D. I 2.—________ you at the party last night? —Yes, I ________. A. Are; am B. Was; was C. Were; was D. Were; were 3.They ________ TV last night. They read books instead. A. didn’t watch B. don’t watch C. didn’t watched D. not watch 4.—Is this bike ________? —Yes, it’s ________ bike. A. hers; her B. her; hers C. hers; hers D. her; her B C A A 一般过去时（Ⅱ）- 句式转换小练1 将下列句子改为否定句，严格遵循句式变化规则 1.He was in the park just now. 2.They planted trees in the community. 3.We were late for school yesterday. 4.She rode a bike to the zoo last weekend. He wasn’t in the park just now. They didn’t plant trees in the community. We weren’t late for school yesterday. She didn’t ride a bike to the zoo last weekend. 一般过去时（Ⅱ）- 句式转换小练2 将下列句子改为一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答 1.I was at home last night. 2.He did his homework yesterday. 3.They were happy at the party. 4.We went to the garden just now. Were you at home last night? Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t. Did he do his homework yesterday? Yes, he did./No, he didn’t. Were they happy at the party? Yes, they were./No, they weren’t. Did you go to the garden just now? Yes, we did./No, we didn’t. 物主代词 & 一般过去时 - 拓展小练（语篇填空） 根据短文内容，用所给词的适当形式填空 Last Saturday, ________ (we) class went to the park. The park is beautiful, and ________ (it) flowers are colorful. We ________ (dig) holes and ________ (plant) many trees. Some students ________ (water) the young trees. The food for lunch was ________ (we), and the fruit was ________ (they). We ________ (be) all tired but happy. our its dug planted watered ours theirs were 物主代词 & 一般过去时 - 挑战小练（对划线部分提问） This is my book. They played football last weekend. He went to the park yesterday. She bought a pen in the shop. We were late because we got up late. Whose book is this? When did they play football? Where did he go yesterday? What did she buy in the shop? Why were you late? 物主代词 & 一般过去时 - 综合挑战练（句型转换） 1.This is her ruler.（改为同义句） 2.We had a good time last week.（改为否定句） 3.He was in Shanghai yesterday.（改为一般疑问句并回答） 4.They rode bikes to school just now.（对划线部分提问） 5.The bag is mine.（对划线部分提问） This ruler is hers. We didn’t have a good time last week. Was he in Shanghai yesterday? Yes, he was./No, he wasn’t. What did they do just now? Whose bag is this? 物主代词 - 核心知识点总结 物主代词表所属关系，分形容词性和名词性两类，形式需对应记忆 形容词性物主代词后必须接名词，作定语；名词性可单独使用 his的两种物主代词形式拼写相同，需根据语境判断具体用法 核心易错点为形物代单独使用、名物代后接名词，需重点规避 二者可同义替换，名词性物主代词等价于“形容词性物主代词+名词” 一般过去时（Ⅱ）- 核心知识点总结 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，判断关键是过去时间标志词 be动词用was/were，否定加not，疑问提至句首，回答时态需一致 实义动词否定/疑问借助did，后接动词原形，过去式体现在did上 动词过去式分规则和不规则，规则按变形规律记，不规则需熟记 核心易错点为实义动词否定/疑问用过去式、be动词单复数混淆 两大语法 - 综合运用技巧 做物主代词题目：先看空格后有无名词，有则用形物代，无则用名物代 做一般过去时题目：先找时间标志词，再判断是be动词还是实义动词 句式转换题：先确定时态和动词类型，再套用对应否定/疑问规则 语篇填空题：结合上下文语境，先判断语法考点，再考虑单词形式 做完题后检查：物主代词形式、动词过去式及句式结构是否正确 语法学习 - 实用小贴士 每天花少量时间背诵物主代词形式和不规则动词过去式，反复巩固 结合例句记忆语法规则，避免死记硬背，理解不同的用法场景 做练习题时，标注题目考点和易错点，建立专属的错题本 尝试用所学语法知识点写简单小短文，提升综合运用能力 阅读时关注文中的物主代词和一般过去时用法，积累语境经验 教学课件 Unit 10 语法专项—— 物主代词 & 一般过去时（Ⅱ） Thank you for listening! 32 $