三、名词-【众相原创·减负中考】2026年中考英语基础精讲册（人教版 广西专用）

三、词形转 名词单数→复数 规则变化 类别1 一般情况加-s 1.email-→ 电子邮件 2.problem→ 问题 3.hour→ 小时 4.race→ 比赛；竞赛 5.visitor 游客 6.leader→ 领导：领袖 7.thing→ 东西；事情 8.arm→ 手臂 9.meter→ 米：公尺 10.goal→ 球门；射门；日标 类别2以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词加-es 11.class-→ 班级 12.dress-→ 连衣裙 13.address- 地址；通讯处 14.actress-→ 女演员 15.box→ 箱；盒 16.brush-→ 刷子 17.dish→ 碟；盘 18.watch→ 表；手表 19.coach→ 教练 20.match→ 比赛；火柴 21.speech-→ 演说；发言 22.sandwich-→ 三明治 ★特殊：23.stomach→ 胃；腹部 类别3以y结尾的词，元音字母加y:加-s 音字母加y:先变y为i,再加-es 24.key→ 钥匙 25.boy→ 男孩 26.toy→ 玩具 27.day→ 一天；一日 28.holiday→ 假期：假日 29.monkey→ 猴子 30.baby→ 婴儿 31.body 身体 32.city→ 城市 33.story 故事 34.diary-→ 日记 35.party→ 聚会，派对：政党 36.hobby→ 业余爱好 142 化规律总结默写 ★名词 37.factory→ 工厂 38.century→ 世纪，一百年 39.activity→ 活动 40.country-→ 国家；乡村 41.dictionary→ 字典 类别4以0结尾的词，有生命的加-s,无生命 的加-s 42.hero→ 英雄 43.tomato→ 番茄 44.potato→ 土豆 45.photo→ 照片 46.piano→ 钢琴 47.radio-→ 收音机 ★特殊：48.bamboc0→ 竹子 类别5以f/fe结尾的词，变f/fe为v,再加-es 49.leaf→ 叶子 50.wolf→ 狼 51.scarf→ 围巾 52.shelf→ 架子 53.wife→ 妻子 54.knife→ 刀 不规则变化 类别1元音字母发生变化 P改a为e型 1.man→ 男人；人 2.woman-→ 女人 消防员 辅 3.fireman→ 4.postman-→ 邮递员 5.fisherman→ 渔民 6.gentleman→ 绅士 7.policeman-→ 警察 8.policewoman→ 女警察 ★特殊：9.human- 人类 P改oo为ee型 10.foot→ 脚；英尺 11.tooth→ 牙齿 类别2单复数同形 12.sheep→ 羊，绵羊 类别3其他特殊形式 13.child-→ 孩子 14.mouse→ 老鼠；鼠标 名词→形容词 类别1n.+-y 1.rain→ 下雨的 2.wind→ 有风的 3.snow→ 下雪的 4.cloud→ 多云的 5.salt→ 咸的 6.luck→ 幸运的 7.sleep→ 困倦的 8.health→ 健康的 9.wealth→ 富有的 ★特殊： 10.noise-→ 吵闹的 11.sun→ 晴朗的 12.fun→ 有趣的 13.ice 冰冷的 类别2n.+y 14.1ove→ 可爱的 15.friend→ 友好的 16.week→ 每周的 ★特殊： 17.day→ 每日的 类别3n.+-ful 18.joy→ 快乐的 19.use→ 有用的 20.care→ 仔细的；认真的 21.help→ 有帮助的 22.pain→ 痛苦的 23.hope→ 有希望的 24.color-→ 多彩的 25.harm→ 有害的 26.cheer-→ 愉快的 27.peace-→ 和平的 28.power→ 强大的 29.wonder→ 精彩的 30.success→ 成功的 31.meaning-→ 有意义的 ★特殊： 32.beauty→ 美丽的 类别4n.+-0us 33.danger-→ 危险的 34.humor 幽默的 类别5n.+-al 35.music→ 音乐的 36.nation-→ 国家的：民族的 37.person-→ 个人的 38.tradition→ 传统的 39.education→ 教育的：有教育意 40.environment-→ 环境的 ★特殊： 41.culture→ 文化的 42.nature→ 自然的 43.center/centre- 中心的 类别6n.+less,变为相应形容词的反义词 44.end→ 无尽的 45.use→ 无用的 46.care→ 粗心的 47.help→ 无助的 48.harm→ 无害的 49.hope→ 绝望的 50.home→ 无家可归的 51.meaning→ 无意义的 类别7n.+-en(多表示物质的形容词) 52.gold→ 金色的 53.wood→ 木制的 类别8n.+-ern(多表示方位的形容词) 54.east→ 东方的 55.west→ 西方的 56.north→ 北方的 57.south→ 南方的 类别9n.+-able 58.fashion-→ 时尚的 59.knowledge→ 知识渊博的 类别10以ce结尾的名词，变ce为t 60.silence→ 沉默的 61.patience-→ 耐心的 62.difference→ 不同的 63.confidence→ 自信的 64.importance-→ 重要的 65.convenience-→ 方便的 类别11其他特殊形式 66.truth→ 真实的 67.death→ 死的 68.height-→ 高的 69.pride-→ 自豪的 70.hunger-→ 饥饿的 71.science→ 科学的 72.medicine-→ 医学的 名词→名词 类别1 n.+ist,表示相应的职业 1.art 艺术家 2.violin→ 小提琴手 类别2n.+-ian, 表示相应的职业 3.magic-→ 魔术师 4.nusic→ 音乐家 ★其他 5.piano-→ 钢琴家 6.science→ 科学家 (的 7.law→ 律师 8.friend→ 友谊 9.office- 官员 10.poem→ 诗人 143考点3指示代词 1.It 2.one 3.these 4.This 5.those 6.that 专题五介词 考点1介词的基本用法 广西6年真题练 1.C 2.A 3.before 4.without 5.with 拓展提升练 1.on 2.between 3.before 4.like 5.including 6.by 7.beside 8.except 9.across 10.from 考点2介词的固定搭配与介词短语 1.as 2.on 3.of 4.At 5.by 6.To 7.in 8.from 9.with 10.for 专题六冠词 1.The 2.a 3.an 4.a 5.The 6.the 7.a 8.an 9.a 10.an 11.an 12.The 专题七数词 广西6年真题练 1.C 2.first 3.four 拓展提升练 1.seventh 2.sixties 3.twelve 4.second 5.first 6.ten 7.twenty 8.second 9.third 10.millions 11.fifth 12.twelfth 二、句法 专题八简单句 考点1疑问句 广西6年真题练 1.C2.C3.A4.B 拓展提升练 1.Yes,I do.2.Yes,she can.3.No,I have not/haven't 4.How long 5.How often 6.Did:feel 7.Has;yet 8.Will:or 9.Whose is this beautiful coat?/Whose beautiful coat is this? 10.How far is the nearest subway station from here? 11.What is the population of your city?/How many people are there in your city？ 12.Which size of noodles would you like,medium or large? 13.Let's go to the library to read books,shall we? 考点2感叹句 1.What a 2.How fast 3.What 4.How carefully 5.What boring 6.How;are 7.How helpful Li Hua is! 8.What clever robots they are!/How clever these robots are! 9.How patient the teachers in our school are! 10.Tourists are all amazed at how beautiful the hanfu is. 11.What bad weather it is)!/How bad the weather is!We should stay at home. 考点3祈使句 1.Read it 2.smoking 3.not stay 4.Be sure to arrive at the park at 8:00 a.m.tomorrow moming. 5.The TV is too loud.Please turn it down. 6.No photos.It is not allowed in the museum. 7.Don't read books in bed.It's harmful/It does harm to your eyes. 8.Never give up!Keep practicing,and you will achieve your goal. 考点4存现句(There be结构) 1.is 2.is 3.are 4.were 5.are 6.Is 7.will be/is going to be 8.be 9.was 10.been 11.There are no students in the classroom. 12.Is there anything else in your schoolbag? 13.There will be sunny days for the whole week according to the re- port./It's reported that there will be sunny days for the whole week. 14.There is too much rubbish and leaves in the garden.Let's clean 4 them up together. 15.There were few trees here in the past.But now it's becoming greener and greener here. 专题九并列复合句 广西6年真题练 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.and 拓展提升练 1.so 2.Both 3.but 4.for 5.either 6.only 7.or 8.neither9.C10.C11.B12.A13.B14.A15.C 16.A17.A18.B 专题十主从复合句 考点1宾语从句 广西6年真题练 1.B2.A3.B4.B 拓展提升练 1.Do you know who Tom is looking for? 2.I don't know where Lynn comes/is from. 3.I want to know how I can get to the nearest station. 4.Could you tell me why the train is late? 5.Jack asked when his father would come back. 6.which 7.where 8.whether 9.who 10.what 11.how 12.if 考点2状语从句 广西6年真题练 1.because 2.until 拓展提升练 1.although 2.as long as 3.that 4.as soon as 5.When 6.because 7.Wherever 8.if 考点3定语从句 -1.that 2.that 3.that 4.whose 5.which 6.who 7.which 8.whom 9.that 二、l.My father;My father works in a hospital.;主 2.an old computer;The old computer works very slowly. 3.The book;We read the book in the library. 4.the English story;You told him the English story last night.; 5.The boy;The boy's father is making a speech. 6.The writer;I mentioned the writer in my report. 7.the house;The house's windows face south. 三、词形转化规律总结默写 ★名词 名词单数→复数 规则变化 1.emails 2.problems 3.hours 4.races 5.visitors 6.leaders 7.things 8.ars 9.meters 10.goals 11.classes 12.dresses 13.addresses 14.actresses 15.boxes 16.brushes 17.dishes 18.watches 19.coaches 20.matches 21.speeches 22.sandwi- ches 23.stomachs 24.keys 25.boys 26.toys 27.days 28.holidays 29.monkeys 30.babies 31.bodies 32.cities 33.stories 34.diaries 35.parties 36.hobbies 37.factories 38.centuries 39.activities 40.countries 41.dictionaries 42.heroes 43.tomatoes 44.potatoes 45.photos 46.pianos 47.radios 48.bamboos 49.leaves 50.wolves 51.scarves 52.shelves 53.wives 54.knives 不规则变化 1.men 2.women 3.firemen 4.postmen 5.fishermen 6.gentlemen 7.policemen 8.policewomen 9.humans 10.feet 11.teeth 12.sheep 13.children 14.mice 名词+形容词 1.rainy 2.windy 3.snowy 4.cloudy 5.salty 6.lucky 7.sleepy 8.healthy 9.wealthy 10.noisy 11.sunny 12.funny 13.icy 14.lovely 15.friendly 16.weekly 17.daily 18.joyful 19.useful 20.careful 21.helpful Gled;led;导致⑦lost;lost;丢失⑧meant;meant;意思是 22.painful 23.hopeful 24.colorful 25.harmful ⑩paid;paid;付钱②@said;said;说②④shone;shone;发光； 26.cheerful 27.peaceful 28.powerful 29.wonderful 照耀②stuck:stuck;粘贴：将…刺入 30.successful 31.meaningful 32.beautiful 33.dangerous 3 caught;caught:;及时赶上；接住；抓住②④rang;rung;打电话 34.humorous 35.musical 36.national 37.personal 第四组 38.traditional 39.educational 40.environmental 41.cultural ①shook;shaken;摇动：抖动②broke;broken;破：裂；碎 42.natural 43.central 44.endless 45.useless 46.careless ③stole;stolen;偷④woke;woken;醒来⑤bore;bome;负 47.helpless 48.harmless 49.hopeless 50.homeless 51.mean- 担；忍受⑥wore;worn;穿；戴⑦hid;hidden;藏 ingless 52.golden 53.wooden 54.eastern 55.western ⑧drove;driven;开车⑨mistook;mistaken;误会 56.northern 57.southem 58.fashionable 59.knowledgeable ①smelled/smelt;smelled/smelt;闻①rose;risen;升起；增加； 60.silent 61.patient 62.different 63.confident 64.important 提高②burned/,burnt;burned/burnt;燃烧 65.convenient 66.true 67.dead 68.high 69.proud 13 dreamed/,dreamt;dreamed/dreamt;做梦；梦想 70.hungry 71.scientific 72.medical ④learned/learnt;learned/learnt:学习⑤laid;laid;放置；下 名词+名词 蛋，产卵blay;lain⑦lied;lied⑧lighted/lit;lighted/it; 1.artist 2.violinist 3.magician 4.musician 5.pianist 照亮9an;run:跑②spelled/spelt;spelled/spelt;拼写 6.scientist 7.lawyer 8.friendship 9.officer/official 10.poet ④beat;beaten;敲打；打败②did;done;做3bled;bled; ★动词 流血；失血④shot;shot;射击；发射5 swept;swept;扫；打 第一组 扫②died;died:消失；灭亡；死亡 ①lent;lent;借给②sang;sng;唱③took;taken;买下； ★形容词和副词 拿；取④became;become;成为⑤ate;eaten;吃 形容词副词 ⑥felt;felt;感到⑦bought;bought;买⑧spread;spread;传播 ⑨heard;heard;听见0swam;swum;游泳 1.actively 2.actually 3.badly 4.beautifully 5.bravely 6.brightly 7.carefully 8.certainly 9.cheaply 10.clearly ①knew;known;知道②taught;taught;教3 wrote;written; 写④kept;kept;保持⑤drew;drawn;画 11.completely 12.correctly 13.deeply 14.quickly 15.quietly 16.rapidly 17.really 18.wisely 19.widely came;come;来⑦forgot;:forgot/forgotten;忘记 20.angrily 21.busily 22.easily 23.happily 24.healthily ⑧cost;cost;花费四saw;seen;看见②built:built;建造 ④found;found;发现②cut;cut;切；割3rode;ridden;骑 25.heavily 26.luckily 27.unluckily 28.comfortably 29.possibly 30.probably 31.simply 32.truly ④met;met;遇到 形容词/副词原级→比较级→最高级 第二组 ①was;been;是②were;been;是③fell;fallen;落下 1.cheaper;cheapest 2.cleaner;cleanest 3.colder;coldest 4.cooler;coolest 5.deeper;deepest 6.fewer;fewest ④began;begun;:开始⑤grew;rown;生长⑥spent;spent; 花费⑦hit;hit;撞；击⑧drank;dunk;喝 7.longer;longest 8.louder;loudest 9.lower;lowest 10.richer;richest 11.shorter;shortest 12.slower;slowest ⑨blew;blown;吹10 told;told;告诉①flew;flown;飞 13.smaller;smallest 14.taller;tallest 15.older;oldest ②sat;sat;坐13 made;made;制造④slept;slept;睡 ⑤hut;hut;受伤6left:left:离开⑦thought;thought:想：认 16.younger;youngest 17.faster;fastest 18.harder;hardest 19.higher;highest 20.braver;bravest 21.closer;closest 为8 spoke;spoken;说四let;let;让②went;gone;去；走 ①sold;sold;卖②sent;sent;送；寄 22.larger;largest 23.safer;safest 24.simpler;simplest 25.wider;widest 26.bigger;biggest 27.hotter;hottest 3put;put;放②2④brought;brought;带来 28.sadder;saddest 29.thinner;thinnest 30.wetter;wettest 第三组 ①won;won;赢②read;read;读③set;set;设置 31.busier;busiest 32.crazier;craziest 33.drier;driest ④gave;gven;给⑤shut;shut;关闭⑥understood;under- 34.earlier;earliest 35.easier;easiest 36.funnier;funniest stood;理解⑦dealt:dealt;处理⑧dug:dug;挖（洞）：凿 37.happier;happiest 38.heavier;heaviest 39.tidier;tidiest 40.worse;worst 41.farther/further;farthest/furthest (f孔)⑨fed:fed;喂养：饲养⑩fought;fought:打架①got: 42.better:best 43.less;least 44.more;most got/gotten;得到②threw;thrown;扔掉 13 chose;chosen;选择④hmg;hung⑤had;had;有 减负作业本 任务型阅读理解微技能 微技能1 4 1.Because it grows fast and it is strong.2.Because they 1.Yes,it does./Yes.2.Yes,there are./Yes. can see the results soon after finishing the chores. 微技能2 类型51.By making personal learning plans, 类型11.A kind of grass.2.They are friends. 2.Every day. 3.They help children improve their skills,keep fit,make friends and 微技能3 have fun 1.Bamboo will play a more important role in people's life./... 类型21.1n2016. 2.In my daily life.I can help others by offering my seat to the elderly 2.On Saturdays and Sundays./On weekends./At weekends 3.During the Spring and Autumn Period. on the bus,helping my classmates with their studies,or joining in 类型31.0 ndoors or windows.2.In a small town.. community volunteer activities to help those in need./... 5