专题16 特殊句型(祈使句、感叹句、there be、倒装句)(复习讲义)(广东专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

2026-03-05
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 九年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 句子的种类
使用场景 中考复习-一轮复习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 广东省
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 1.52 MB
发布时间 2026-03-05
更新时间 2026-03-05
作者 创新初高英语精品馆
品牌系列 上好课·一轮讲练测
审核时间 2026-03-05
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来源 学科网

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专题16 特殊句型(祈使句、感叹句、there be、倒装句) 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 一、祈使句 3 1. 肯定的祈使句 3 2. 否定的祈使句 4 3. Let 引导的祈使句 4 4. 祈使句的应答语 4 5. 祈使句+and/or+简单句 4 二、感叹句 5 what引导 5 how引导 5 三、there be 句型 6 1.基本结构 6 2.时态考点 7 3.核心考点&易错点 7 四、倒装句的构成和用法 8 1.部分倒装 8 2.完全倒装 9 3.so/ neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 10 04 优题精选·练能提分 11 课标要求 复习目标 特殊 句型 · 1. 掌握祈使句、感叹句、there be 句型、倒装句的基本结构和用法 · 2. 能正确区分并运用不同特殊句式的变式(如否定祈使句、what/how 感叹句、there be 时态变化、部分 / 完全倒装) · 3. 识别特殊句式的常见易错点,避免语法错误 · 4. 能在语境中灵活使用特殊句式进行表达和理解 1. 精准识记四类特殊句式的核心结构、时态变化及特殊用法 2. 快速判断语境中应使用的特殊句式,熟练完成句式转换 3. 攻克就近原则、There be 与 have 区别、倒装条件等高频易错点 4. 能在单选、句型转换、书面表达等题型中准确运用特殊句式,提升解题正确率。 · 命题预测 1. 题型以单项选择、句型转换为主,偶尔在完形填空、书面表达中考查语境运用 2. 重点考查否定祈使句、what 与 how 感叹句辨析、there be 的时态和就近原则、部分倒装的核心条件(only + 状语、否定词置句首等) 3. 侧重易错点考查,如 There be 与 have 连用、倒装的特殊例外、感叹句的名词单复数搭配 4. 广东考区常结合本地语境设置简单情景,考查句式的实际运用 解题锦囊 锦囊 1:判断特殊句式先抓关键词 —— 祈使句看动词原形、感叹句看what/how、there be 看存在含义、倒装句看only /否定词等标志词。 锦囊 2:感叹句解题法 —— 先删主谓,找核心名词;有名词用what(可数单数加 a/an,不可数/复数无需冠词),无名词用how。 锦囊 3:there be 句型核心规则 —— 表存在有,遵就近原则;时态只变be动词,绝对不可与 have/has 连用;否定句 some变any。 锦囊 4:倒装句判断技巧 —— 先分部分/完全倒装;记清部分倒装触发条件,完全倒装仅主语为名词时用,主语是代词则不倒装。 锦囊 5:祈使句否定规则 —— 普通祈使句用Don’t/Never + 动词原形;Let引导的祈使句,否定分两种:Let...not(Let’s 型)、Don’t let...(Let sb 型)。 一、祈使句 祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语,谓语动词用原形。 1. 肯定的祈使句 ①句型:动词原形+其他成分。 Stand up!起立! Be quiet! 安静! ②"Do+祈使句"表示一种强烈的感情或请求,do 起强调作用。 Do be quiet in the library.在图书馆里务必保持安静。 ③please 用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气,但 please 用在句末时,必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。 Sit down, please.请坐下。 2. 否定的祈使句 ①常用句型:Don’t+动词原形+其他成分。 Don’t swim in the river.不要在河里游泳。 ②用Never 开头:Never+动词原形+其他成分。 Never tell a lie.永远不要说谎。 3. Let 引导的祈使句 以Let开头的句子也是祈使句,表示陈述和建议。否定分两种:Let...not(Let’s 型)、Don’t let...(Let sb 型)。” Let’s not waste time.咱们不要浪费时间。 Don’t let the children play with fire.不要让孩子们玩火。 4. 祈使句的应答语 ①以 Let’s 开头的祈使句,其答语常用 Good idea. / OK. / Yes, I’d love to. 等。 — Let’s play basketball.我们去打篮球吧。 — Good idea.好主意。 ②其他祈使句:肯定应答语为 Yes, I will. 否定应答语为 Sorry/No, I won’t (do it again). — Listen to me carefully.认真听我讲。— OK, I will.好的,我会的。 — Don’t run in the classroom.不要在教室里跑。— Sorry, I won’t.对不起,我不会了。 5. 祈使句+and/or+ 简单句 Hurry up, and you will catch the bus.快点,你就能赶上公交车。(and:顺承,好结果) Hurry up, or you won't catch the bus.快点,否则你将错过公交车。(or转折,否则,坏结果) 1. (2023·广州·真题)“Chirp! Chirp! at me!” Little Six cried happily while his brothers and sisters still fought hard, trying to fly up. A.Look B.Looks C.To look D.Looking 2. (2025·广州·模拟)“ your own business! If you chatter on, I’ll eat you!” The little rabbit was so frightened that she ran away quickly. A.Mind B.Minds C.To mind D.Minding 3.(2025·四川广元·中考真题)—Mike, ________ such a loud noise in the room. Your sister is sleeping. —OK, Dad. I won’t do that again. A.making B.to make C.don’t make D.make 4.(2025·天津·中考真题)It’s raining outside. Take an umbrella, ________ you will get wet. A.and B.or C.so D.but 二、感叹句 感叹句的基本用法 用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子,叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导,具体用法如下表: 类别 结构 例句 what引导 What + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+(主语 + 谓语)! What a kind girl ( she is )! (她是)一个多么善良的女孩啊! What +形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+(主语 +谓语)! What beautiful flowers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花! What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天气! how引导 How +主语+谓语! How time flies! 时间飞逝! How +形容词/副词+(主语+谓语)! How brave ( the hero is )!(这个英雄)真勇敢! How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊! How +形容词+ a/an + 单数可数名词+(主语 + 谓语)! How clever ( a boy he is )! (他是)一个多么聪明的男孩啊! 一、语法选择 1.(2023·广东省卷·真题) excited David was! A.How B.What C.What an 2.(2025·广东省卷·模拟) exciting it was! A.How B.What C.What an 3.(2025·广东省卷·模拟) difficult work it is to make ruanmuhua! A.How B.What C.What a 4.(2025·广州·模拟)She always said, “ wonderful it is to help other people!” A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 5.(2025·山东东营·中考真题)—In the near future, we may be able to taste food and drinks “online” by an e-Taste tool. —Unbelievable! ________ amazing it is! A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 二、完成句子 1. (2025·广州·真题)令我欣喜的是,他们很快就完成了。他们真聪明! To my joy, they finished it in a short time. they are! 2. (2024·广州·真题)这是一次多么有意义的经历啊! experience it is! 3. (2023·广州·真题)他们还赢得了广东省飞镖比赛冠军。多么棒的项目啊! They won the Championship of Guangdong Darts Match, too. project it is! 三、there be 句型 1.基本结构 句型类型 核心结构 例句 肯定句(单数/不可数名词) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点/时间 There is a pen on the desk.桌子上有一支钢笔。 肯定句(复数名词) There are + 复数名词 + 地点/时间 There are some books in my bag.我包里有一些书。 否定句 There is/are + not + 名词 + 地点/时间(some变any) There aren’t any birds in the tree.树上没有鸟。 一般疑问句 Be动词 + there + 名词 + 地点/时间?(肯定答语:Yes,there is/are.) (否定答语:No, there isn’t/aren’t.) ---Is there a library in your school? ---Yes, there is.---你们学校有图书馆吗?---是的,有。 特殊疑问句(对数量提问) How many + 复数名词 + are there + 地点?/ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点? How many students are there in your class? There are 45. ---你们班有多少名学生?---有45名。 2.时态考点 时态 核心结构 例句 一般现在时 There is/are + 名词 + 地点/时间 There is a garden near my home. 我家附近有一个花园。 一般过去时 There was/were + 名词 + 地点/时间 There was a park here last year. 去年这里有一个公园。 一般将来时 There will be… /There is/are going to be… There will be a test tomorrow. 明天将会有一场考试。 现在完成时 There have/has been... There have been many changes in my hometown in the past ten years.在过去十年里,我的家乡发生了很多变化。 3.核心考点&易错点 考点/易错点 核心规则 正确例句 错误例句(标注错误) 就近原则 多个主语并列时,be动词由离它最近的主语决定 There is a book and two pens on the desk.(桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。) ✖ There are a book and two pens. (错误原因:靠近be动词的主语是单数,应用is) There be vs have/has There be:表示“存在有”(某地有某物);have/has:表示“所属有”(某人/某物拥有) 1. There is a dog in the yard.(院子里有一只狗。)2. I have a dog.(我有一只狗。) ✖ There have a dog. (错误原因:There be句型不能与have/has连用) 否定句易错点 肯定句中的some,在否定句中要改为any There isn’t any water in the bottle.(瓶子里没有水。) ✖ There isn’t some water in the bottle.(错误原因:否定句中应用any,不用some) 一般将来时易错点 There be的一般将来时,不能用There will have/There is going to have... There is going to be a film tonight.(今晚将会有一场电影。) ✖ There is going to have a film tonight.(错误原因:将来时结构错误,不能用have) 1.(2025·广州卷·真题) a fire in me that burned for the deep blue. A.There was B.There were C.There is D.There are There was有,一般过去时,后接单数名词或不可数名词;There were有,一般过去时,后接复数名词;There is有,一般现在时,后接单数名词或不可数名词;There are有,一般现在时,后接复数名词。根据“a fire in me”可知,此处用there be句型的一般过去时,且fire为单数名词,所以空处用There was。故选A。 2.(2024·广东省卷·真题) a shopping mall near Peter’s home. A.There is B.It is C.They are 3. At 10: 00 tonight there _____a basketball match on the playground between them and us. A.is going to have B.are going to have C.are going to be D.is going to be 4.There ________ a basketball match the day after tomorrow. A.will be B.is going to have C.will have D.are going to be 5.There ________ great changes in China since 20 years ago. A.were B.has been C.have been D.have 6. Scientists say that there (be) still some jobs that AI can’t do now. (语法填空) 7. There ________ (be) at least eight more high-speed railways in Wuxi in five years.(语法填空) 四、倒装句的构成和用法 倒装句是英语中常见的句式。对于倒装句,主要考查学生在特定的结构中正确使用部分倒装和完全倒装,以及"so+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语"的用法。 1.部分倒装 倒装条件 例句 一般疑问句中,将助动词放到主语之前,构成部分倒装。 Do you like eating apples?你喜欢吃苹果吗? 特殊疑问句中,疑问词作宾语、表语或状语,需要将其置于句首,将助动词置于主语前构成部分倒装。 Where have you been these days?这些天你到哪里去了? "only+状语/状语从句"位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。 Only in this way can you improve your grade. 只有用这种方法你才能提高自己的成绩。 表示否定意义的词或短语,如little, hardly, never, in no case, seldom等,放在句首时,句子要用部分倒装。 Hardly a day goes by without a visit from someone. 几乎没有一天没有来访者。 虚拟条件句中,从句谓语部分中有were, had或should可省略if,把were,had或should提到主语前。 Should we succeed, we would be rich. 我们一旦成功就发财了。 " so... that..."句型中,"so+adj. /adv."位于句首时。 So fast did he run that we couldn’t catch up with him. 他跑得如此快,以至于我们赶不上他。 表示"也(不) ……"的句式,即"so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be+主语"形式。 I don’t like it; neither do I care it. 我不喜欢它,也不在意它。 某些含有否定含义的词位于句首时,如not only…but also,hardly…when,no sooner…than, not…until等,主句用部分倒装。 Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。 may表示祝愿时用部分倒装。 May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快! 【易错警示】 1.特殊疑问句中,如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时,则不用倒装。 Who knows the answer to this question?谁知道这个问题的答案? 2. "so+主语+谓语"结构不用倒装。 —Jimmy is good at playing football. 吉米足球踢得很好。 —So he is. 的确。 3. not only 置于句首时,其后的句子用部分倒装,but also 连接的后半句保持正常语序,不倒装”。 Not only can she speak English, but also she can speak French. 她不仅会说英语,还能说法语。 2.完全倒装 倒装条件 例句 表示方位、地点、时间、次序的词,如in, out, up, there, then, here, first等放在句首,若主 语是名词而不是代词时,句子用完全倒装 Here comes the bus. 公交车来了。 Here he comes. 他来了。 分词短语置于句首时,句子用完全倒装 Lying on the couch is an old lady. 躺在睡椅上的是一位老太太。 There be句型是全倒装的一种 There are a number of teachers and students in the school. 在这所学校有很多老师和学生。 作表语的such位于句首时 Such are the most powerful voices of our times!这些就是我们时代的最强音! 【巧学助记】全部倒装并不难,需要记住这几点;位置副词there句首,表语such提句前,介词短语表地点,全部倒装谓在前。 3.so/ neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 【辨析】so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语和neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语的区别 句型 区别 so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 依附于肯定句,表示前边的肯定情况也适合后边的人(物),意为"……也……"。 neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 依附于否定句,表示前边的否定情况也适合后边的人(物),意为"……也不……"。 Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann.汤姆昨晚看电视了,安也看了。 Mary didn’t watch TV last night, neither did Jim.玛丽昨晚没有看电视,吉姆也没看。 1. — Li Ping, I didn’t go summer camping last year. — _________. A.So did I B.Neither did I C.Neither I did D.So I did 2. — Will you go hiking with me next week? — If you go, ________. A.so will I B.so do I C.neither do I D.neither will I 3. —Sandy likes English best. She reads the texts every day. —________. A.So does Jim B.So Jim does C.So Jim is D.So is Jim 4. To the west of our school__________ some bookstores and a park. A.lies B.lie C.has D.have 5.(2026·四川南充·模拟预测)Only when you can find peace in your heart ________ good relationships with others. A.will you keep B.you will keep C.you keep D.did you keep 一、单项选择 1.(2026·甘肃定西·一模)________ unforgettable experience I had during the trip to Dunhuang! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 2.(2026·上海虹口·一模)_______ useful suggestion the teacher gave me on how to solve this problem! A.What a B.How a C.How D.What 3.(2026·上海松江·一模)___ dramatic progress China has achieved in high-tech industries over the past ten years! A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 4.(2026·上海宝山·一模)________ delighted the team members were when they won first prize in the competition! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 5.(2026·上海长宁·一模)The glass is broken. Please be careful with it, ________ it’ll cut your hand. A.and B.but C.so D.or 6.(2026·上海嘉定·一模)If there is any problem with the smart cleaner, ________ the manager directly, please. A.contact B.to contact C.contacting D.contacted 7. ________ swimming in the river! It’s dangerous! A.Go B.Goes C.Don’t go D.To go 8. Be kind to others, ________ you will make more good friends. A.and B.but C.or D.so 9.(2025·江苏徐州·二模)—Tom will have a birthday party next Sunday. Do you want to go? —If you go, ________. A.so I will B.so will I C.neither will I D.neither I will 10.(2025·江苏常州·三模)—Would your sister go on a trip this weekend? —If she doesn’t go, _________. A.so do I B.so I will C.neither will I D.neither do I 11. Look at the photo of Frank’s bedroom. Here ________ a bookcase and a desk, and in the bookcase ________ an alarm clock and some books. A.is, is B.are, are C.is, are D.are, is 12. There ________ a lot of famous folk art forms in China. A.is B.are C.has D.have 13. (2025·云南丽江·一模)—What exciting event will happen in our school next Monday? —There __________ a singing competition in our school. A.is going to have B.will have C.is going to be D.are going to be 14. In the beautiful garden ________ an artificial hill(假山) and some tall trees. A.stand B.stands C.have D.has 15.—Tom finished his work yesterday.    —________, and ________. A.So he did; so did I B.So did he; so I did C.So he did; so I did D.So did he; so did I 二、完成句子 1.洗完手后记得关水龙头。 ________ ________ ________ ________ the tap after you wash your hands. 2.(2025·广东广州·二模)总之,神舟十九号本次任务执行地多么成功呀! In a word, ________ ________ ________ task Shenzhou XIX did! 3.未来的生活将会是多么便捷啊! ________ ________ the future life will be! 4. 对于志愿者来说,这是多么难忘的一段经历啊! ________ ________ unforgettable experience ________ ________ for the volunteers! 5.我的滑板很酷。他的也很酷。 My skateboard is really cool and ________ ________ ________. 6.好消息!我们附近会有一个新的公园供孩子们玩! Good news! ________ ________ ________ a new park for kids to play in our neighborhood! 7.只有以这种方法我们才能改善环境。(完成译句) Only in this way ________ we ________ the environment. 8.史密斯先生不会说日语,我也不会。 Mr. Smith can’t speak Japanese and _______ _______ _______. 9.不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。 ________ ________ too much time ________ computer games. 10. 如有问题,请在字典中查阅新词。 If you have problems, please ________ ________ the new words in the dictionary. 三、语法选择 请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Zheng Haohao, 12, made history as China’s youngest Olympic skateboarder. While most kids her age were busy 1 school work, she spent her days practicing at the skatepark, studying, and traveling for training. Zheng fell in love with sports early. When she was 7 years old, she tried skateboarding and 2 it amazing. “It’s cooler than roller skating!” she said. Her talent 3 by her coach. In 2020, she finished 13th in a national competition, beating over 60 4 . To prepare for the Paris Olympics, she needed 5 every day, rushing between home, school, and skatepark. She remembered 6 a special trip to Nanjing’s higher-level skatepark helped improve her skills. “I think about skateboarding every second.” she told reporters. But challenges came. During practice, she once broke 7 finger. The great pain made her consider giving up. “I cried, but remembered 8 hard I’d worked,” Zheng recalled. After her hand got better, she bravely returned to training. Her coach praised her spirit: “She’s small but powerful. When others rest, she repeats tricks again and again.” As she boarded the plane to Paris, 9 smiled and said, “Every fall makes me stronger. I’ll skate for my country and fight like a soldier!” With courage and hard work, even the 10 goals can be reached. Zheng’s story teaches us that age can’t hold back dreams. 1.A.with B.in C.on 2.A.find B.found C.will find 3.A.is discovered B.were discovered C.was discovered 4.A.skater B.skaters C.skater's 5.A.train B.training C.to train 6.A.why B.that C.who 7.A.a B.an C.the 8.A.what a B.what an C.how 9.A.she B.her C.hers 10.A.big B.bigger C.biggest 四、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 holiday, cold, important, but, there, dumpling, always, it, celebrate, on, mean, so Winter Solstice (冬至) is the day with the longest night. It comes in December and it is the start of winter. The Chinese Winter Solstice Festival is a very 1 time in China like in other cultures around the world. In fact, 2 is a traditional saying: “Dōngzhì dà rúnián”. It 3 that the winter solstice is as important as the Chinese New Year. So how do people 4 it? People worshiped the gods (拜神) 5 the first day of the winter solstice in China. This tradition could go back to the Zhou Dynasty. 6 the winter solstice only became a winter festival across China in the Han Dynasty. People had a one-day 7 . Like the Chinese New Year, it was a time for happy family reunions. The winter solstice is not a public holiday in modern China any more. But many people still celebrate it. People 8 spend the holiday happily with their family or friends. They also get ready for the coming 9 weather in winter. It is a time for them to eat some delicious dishes such as 10 and Tangyuan. The festival is meaningful for Chinese people. 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 I’ ll never forget the little boy called Dick. At that time, I worked in a hospital. There was a little girl. She was 1 (bad) ill. The only chance to make her 2 (health) again was a blood transfusion (输血) from her five-year-old brother Dick. The doctor told the boy about that and asked whether he would like 3 (give) his blood to his elder sister. Thinking of his sister, he thought for 4 moment, and took a deep breath. He said, “Yes, I 5 (do) this if it saves her life.” The moment came. His sister was lying on the bed next to him. The boy looked at her and smiled, 6 gradually his face became pale and his smile disappeared. He asked the doctor 7 a low voice, “Doctor, will I start to die right now?” The doctor smiled and said, “Of course not. You’ll be 8 (strong) than before soon.” The little boy thought that if he saved his sister, he would 9 (dead), but he still chose to save her. 10 a brave boy! 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题16 特殊句型(祈使句、感叹句、there be、倒装句) 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 一、祈使句 3 1. 肯定的祈使句 3 2. 否定的祈使句 4 3. Let 引导的祈使句 4 4. 祈使句的应答语 4 5. 祈使句+and/or+简单句 4 二、感叹句 5 what引导 6 how引导 6 三、there be 句型 8 1.基本结构 8 2.时态考点 9 3.核心考点&易错点 9 四、倒装句的构成和用法 10 1.部分倒装 10 2.完全倒装 11 3.so/ neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 12 04 优题精选·练能提分 12 课标要求 复习目标 特殊 句型 · 1. 掌握祈使句、感叹句、there be 句型、倒装句的基本结构和用法 · 2. 能正确区分并运用不同特殊句式的变式(如否定祈使句、what/how 感叹句、there be 时态变化、部分 / 完全倒装) · 3. 识别特殊句式的常见易错点,避免语法错误 · 4. 能在语境中灵活使用特殊句式进行表达和理解 1. 精准识记四类特殊句式的核心结构、时态变化及特殊用法 2. 快速判断语境中应使用的特殊句式,熟练完成句式转换 3. 攻克就近原则、There be 与 have 区别、倒装条件等高频易错点 4. 能在单选、句型转换、书面表达等题型中准确运用特殊句式,提升解题正确率。 · 命题预测 1. 题型以单项选择、句型转换为主,偶尔在完形填空、书面表达中考查语境运用 2. 重点考查否定祈使句、what 与 how 感叹句辨析、there be 的时态和就近原则、部分倒装的核心条件(only + 状语、否定词置句首等) 3. 侧重易错点考查,如 There be 与 have 连用、倒装的特殊例外、感叹句的名词单复数搭配 4. 广东考区常结合本地语境设置简单情景,考查句式的实际运用 解题锦囊 锦囊 1:判断特殊句式先抓关键词 —— 祈使句看动词原形、感叹句看what/how、there be 看存在含义、倒装句看only /否定词等标志词。 锦囊 2:感叹句解题法 —— 先删主谓,找核心名词;有名词用what(可数单数加 a/an,不可数/复数无需冠词),无名词用how。 锦囊 3:there be 句型核心规则 —— 表存在有,遵就近原则;时态只变be动词,绝对不可与 have/has 连用;否定句 some变any。 锦囊 4:倒装句判断技巧 —— 先分部分/完全倒装;记清部分倒装触发条件,完全倒装仅主语为名词时用,主语是代词则不倒装。 锦囊 5:祈使句否定规则 —— 普通祈使句用Don’t/Never + 动词原形;Let引导的祈使句,否定分两种:Let...not(Let’s 型)、Don’t let...(Let sb 型)。 一、祈使句 祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语,谓语动词用原形。 1. 肯定的祈使句 ①句型:动词原形+其他成分。 Stand up!起立! Be quiet! 安静! ②"Do+祈使句"表示一种强烈的感情或请求,do 起强调作用。 Do be quiet in the library.在图书馆里务必保持安静。 ③please 用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气,但 please 用在句末时,必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。 Sit down, please.请坐下。 2. 否定的祈使句 ①常用句型:Don’t+动词原形+其他成分。 Don’t swim in the river.不要在河里游泳。 ②用Never 开头:Never+动词原形+其他成分。 Never tell a lie.永远不要说谎。 3. Let 引导的祈使句 以Let开头的句子也是祈使句,表示陈述和建议。否定分两种:Let...not(Let’s 型)、Don’t let...(Let sb 型)。” Let’s not waste time.咱们不要浪费时间。 Don’t let the children play with fire.不要让孩子们玩火。 4. 祈使句的应答语 ①以 Let’s 开头的祈使句,其答语常用 Good idea. / OK. / Yes, I’d love to. 等。 — Let’s play basketball.我们去打篮球吧。 — Good idea.好主意。 ②其他祈使句:肯定应答语为 Yes, I will. 否定应答语为 Sorry/No, I won’t (do it again). — Listen to me carefully.认真听我讲。— OK, I will.好的,我会的。 — Don’t run in the classroom.不要在教室里跑。— Sorry, I won’t.对不起,我不会了。 5. 祈使句+and/or+ 简单句 Hurry up, and you will catch the bus.快点,你就能赶上公交车。(and:顺承,好结果) Hurry up, or you won't catch the bus.快点,否则你将错过公交车。(or转折,否则,坏结果) 1. (2023·广州·真题)“Chirp! Chirp! at me!” Little Six cried happily while his brothers and sisters still fought hard, trying to fly up. A.Look B.Looks C.To look D.Looking 【答案】A 【解析】句意:“吱吱!吱吱!看我” 小六开心地叫道。 Look看,动词原形;Looks三单形式;To look不定式;Looking现在分词。此处是祈使句,以动词原形开头。故选A。 2. (2025·广州·模拟)“ your own business! If you chatter on, I’ll eat you!” The little rabbit was so frightened that she ran away quickly. A.Mind B.Minds C.To mind D.Minding 【答案】A 【解析】句意:管好你自己的事! Mind介意,动词原形;Minds介意,三单形式;To mind介意,不定式;Minding介意,现在分词。此句为祈使句,用动词原形。故选A。 3.(2025·四川广元·中考真题)—Mike, ________ such a loud noise in the room. Your sister is sleeping. —OK, Dad. I won’t do that again. A.making B.to make C.don’t make D.make 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——迈克,别在房间里弄出这么大的声音。你妹妹在睡觉。——好的,爸爸。我不会再那样做了。 考查祈使句的否定形式。根据“Your sister is sleeping.”可知妹妹在睡觉,所以不要弄出这么大的声音,故此处用祈使句的否定形式:Don’t+动词原形。故选C。 4.(2025·天津·中考真题)It’s raining outside. Take an umbrella, ________ you will get wet. A.and B.or C.so D.but 【答案】B 【详解】句意:外面正在下雨。带把伞,否则你会淋湿。 考查连词辨析。and和;or否则,或者;so所以;but但是。根据“Take an umbrella...you will get wet.”可知,前半句是建议带伞,后半句是未带伞的后果,即会淋湿,故此处需用表示“否则”的连词连接。故选B。 二、感叹句 感叹句的基本用法 用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子,叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导,具体用法如下表: 类别 结构 例句 what引导 What + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+(主语 + 谓语)! What a kind girl ( she is )! (她是)一个多么善良的女孩啊! What +形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+(主语 +谓语)! What beautiful flowers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花! What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天气! how引导 How +主语+谓语! How time flies! 时间飞逝! How +形容词/副词+(主语+谓语)! How brave ( the hero is )!(这个英雄)真勇敢! How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊! How +形容词+ a/an + 单数可数名词+(主语 + 谓语)! How clever ( a boy he is )! (他是)一个多么聪明的男孩啊! 一、语法选择 1.(2023·广东省卷·真题) excited David was! A.How B.What C.What an 【答案】 A 【详解】句意:大卫多么激动啊! How多么,修饰形容词/副词;What多么,修饰名词;What an多么,修饰可数名词单数。感叹句中心词是形容词“excited”,用how引导。故选A。 2.(2025·广东省卷·模拟) exciting it was! A.How B.What C.What an 【答案】A 【解析】句意:多么令人兴奋啊! how如何;what什么;what an多么一个。句子是感叹句,中心词exciting是形容词,用结构how adj.+主谓。故选A。 3.(2025·广东省卷·模拟) difficult work it is to make ruanmuhua! A.How B.What C.What a 【答案】B 【解析】句意:制作软木画是一项多么困难的工作啊! How如何,引导感叹句,结构是 “How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语”;What什么,引导感叹句,结构是 “What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 / 可数名词复数 + 主语 + 谓语”;What a多么,引导感叹句,结构是 “What a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语”。work在这里表示“工作”,是不可数名词,difficult是形容词,符合 “What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语” 结构。故选B。 4.(2025·广州·模拟)She always said, “ wonderful it is to help other people!” A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 【答案】C 【解析】句意:她总是说:“帮助别人是多么美好啊!” What引导感叹句接名词;What a接辅音音素开头的单数可数名词;How引导感叹句接形容词/副词;How a结构错误。根据“wonderful”可知,此处用“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!”,选How。故选C。 5.(2025·山东东营·中考真题)—In the near future, we may be able to taste food and drinks “online” by an e-Taste tool. —Unbelievable! ________ amazing it is! A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——在不久的将来,我们或许可以通过电子味觉工具“在线”品尝食物和饮品。——太难以置信了!这多神奇啊! 考查感叹句引导词。感叹句的核心结构有两种:“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”以及“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”本句中被强调的部分是形容词amazing,符合How引导的感叹句结构。故选A。 二、完成句子 1. (2025·广州·真题)令我欣喜的是,他们很快就完成了。他们真聪明! To my joy, they finished it in a short time. they are! 【答案】 How smart/clever/intelligent 【详解】此处作be动词的表语用形容词smart/clever/intelligent“聪明的”,句子是感叹句,中心词是形容词,故用感叹句结构:How adj.+主谓。故填How;smart/clever/intelligent。 2. (2024·广州·真题)这是一次多么有意义的经历啊! experience it is! 【答案】 What a meaningful 【详解】根据题干可知,本句是感叹句,experience是可数名词单数,所以其句型结构为“What +a/an+形容词+可数名单数+主语+谓语”。表达“有意义的”用形容词meaningful,首字母发辅音音素,所以不定冠词用a,故填What;a;meaningful。 3. (2023·广州·真题)他们还赢得了广东省飞镖比赛冠军。多么棒的项目啊! They won the Championship of Guangdong Darts Match, too. project it is! 【答案】What a wonderful 【详解】根据题干可知此处是一个感叹句。中心词为可数名词project“项目”,符合结构:What+a/an+形容词+主语+谓语。project是以辅音音素开头,应用a;wonderful“极好的”。故填What a wonderful。 三、there be 句型 1.基本结构 句型类型 核心结构 例句 肯定句(单数/不可数名词) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点/时间 There is a pen on the desk.桌子上有一支钢笔。 肯定句(复数名词) There are + 复数名词 + 地点/时间 There are some books in my bag.我包里有一些书。 否定句 There is/are + not + 名词 + 地点/时间(some变any) There aren’t any birds in the tree.树上没有鸟。 一般疑问句 Be动词 + there + 名词 + 地点/时间?(肯定答语:Yes,there is/are.) (否定答语:No, there isn’t/aren’t.) ---Is there a library in your school? ---Yes, there is.---你们学校有图书馆吗?---是的,有。 特殊疑问句(对数量提问) How many + 复数名词 + are there + 地点?/ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点? How many students are there in your class? There are 45. ---你们班有多少名学生?---有45名。 2.时态考点 时态 核心结构 例句 一般现在时 There is/are + 名词 + 地点/时间 There is a garden near my home. 我家附近有一个花园。 一般过去时 There was/were + 名词 + 地点/时间 There was a park here last year. 去年这里有一个公园。 一般将来时 There will be… /There is/are going to be… There will be a test tomorrow. 明天将会有一场考试。 现在完成时 There have/has been... There have been many changes in my hometown in the past ten years.在过去十年里,我的家乡发生了很多变化。 3.核心考点&易错点 考点/易错点 核心规则 正确例句 错误例句(标注错误) 就近原则 多个主语并列时,be动词由离它最近的主语决定 There is a book and two pens on the desk.(桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。) ✖ There are a book and two pens. (错误原因:靠近be动词的主语是单数,应用is) There be vs have/has There be:表示“存在有”(某地有某物);have/has:表示“所属有”(某人/某物拥有) 1. There is a dog in the yard.(院子里有一只狗。)2. I have a dog.(我有一只狗。) ✖ There have a dog. (错误原因:There be句型不能与have/has连用) 否定句易错点 肯定句中的some,在否定句中要改为any There isn’t any water in the bottle.(瓶子里没有水。) ✖ There isn’t some water in the bottle.(错误原因:否定句中应用any,不用some) 一般将来时易错点 There be的一般将来时,不能用There will have/There is going to have... There is going to be a film tonight.(今晚将会有一场电影。) ✖ There is going to have a film tonight.(错误原因:将来时结构错误,不能用have) 1.(2025·广州卷·真题) a fire in me that burned for the deep blue. A.There was B.There were C.There is D.There are 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我心中有一团为深蓝色而燃烧的火焰。 There was有,一般过去时,后接单数名词或不可数名词;There were有,一般过去时,后接复数名词;There is有,一般现在时,后接单数名词或不可数名词;There are有,一般现在时,后接复数名词。根据“a fire in me”可知,此处用there be句型的一般过去时,且fire为单数名词,所以空处用There was。故选A。 2.(2024·广东省卷·真题) a shopping mall near Peter’s home. A.There is B.It is C.They are 【答案】A 【解析】句意:彼得家附近有一家购物中心。 There is有,It is它是;They are他们是。根据“...a shopping mall near Peter’s home.”可知,附近有一家购物中心。故选A。 3. At 10: 00 tonight there _____a basketball match on the playground between them and us. A.is going to have B.are going to have C.are going to be D.is going to be 【答案】D 【详解】句意:在今晚10点钟,操场上会有一个我们和他们之间的篮球比赛。 考查there be的一般将来时。there be的一般将来时结构是there is/are going to be。注意there 不能和have连用,故排除A和B项。主语“a basketball match”是单数,对应be动词用is。故选D。 4.There ________ a basketball match the day after tomorrow. A.will be B.is going to have C.will have D.are going to be 【答案】A 【详解】句意:后天将会有一场篮球赛。 考查there be句型时态。根据“the day after tomorrow.”可知,本文使用一般将来时,there be结构的一般将来时为:there will be或there is/are going to be,排除选项BC;主语为a basketball match,为名词单数,be动词用is,选项D错误。故选A。 5.There ________ great changes in China since 20 years ago. A.were B.has been C.have been D.have 【答案】C 【详解】句意:自20年前以来,中国发生了巨大的变化。 考查There be句型的现在完成时。根据“since 20 years ago”可知,此句应用现在完成时,结构为have/has done,排除A和D;主语“great changes”为复数,助动词用have。故选C。 6. Scientists say that there (be) still some jobs that AI can’t do now. (语法填空) 【答案】are 【详解】句意:科学家说当下仍然有一些工作是人工智能无法完成的。此句在考查存现句“there be”结构,该句主语为第三人称复数“jobs”,且全文时态为一般现在时。故填are。 7. There ________ (be) at least eight more high-speed railways in Wuxi in five years.(语法填空) 【答案】will be 【详解】句意:五年内,无锡将至少再增加八条高速铁路。根据 “in Wuxi in five years” 可知,句子应用一般将来时 “will do” 结构,there be 句型的一般将来时结构为 “there will be”。故填 will be。 四、倒装句的构成和用法 倒装句是英语中常见的句式。对于倒装句,主要考查学生在特定的结构中正确使用部分倒装和完全倒装,以及"so+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语"的用法。 1.部分倒装 倒装条件 例句 一般疑问句中,将助动词放到主语之前,构成部分倒装。 Do you like eating apples?你喜欢吃苹果吗? 特殊疑问句中,疑问词作宾语、表语或状语,需要将其置于句首,将助动词置于主语前构成部分倒装。 Where have you been these days?这些天你到哪里去了? "only+状语/状语从句"位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。 Only in this way can you improve your grade. 只有用这种方法你才能提高自己的成绩。 表示否定意义的词或短语,如little, hardly, never, in no case, seldom等,放在句首时,句子要用部分倒装。 Hardly a day goes by without a visit from someone. 几乎没有一天没有来访者。 虚拟条件句中,从句谓语部分中有were, had或should可省略if,把were,had或should提到主语前。 Should we succeed, we would be rich. 我们一旦成功就发财了。 " so... that..."句型中,"so+adj. /adv."位于句首时。 So fast did he run that we couldn’t catch up with him. 他跑得如此快,以至于我们赶不上他。 表示"也(不) ……"的句式,即"so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be+主语"形式。 I don’t like it; neither do I care it. 我不喜欢它,也不在意它。 某些含有否定含义的词位于句首时,如not only…but also,hardly…when,no sooner…than, not…until等,主句用部分倒装。 Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。 may表示祝愿时用部分倒装。 May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快! 【易错警示】 1.特殊疑问句中,如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时,则不用倒装。 Who knows the answer to this question?谁知道这个问题的答案? 2. "so+主语+谓语"结构不用倒装。 —Jimmy is good at playing football. 吉米足球踢得很好。 —So he is. 的确。 3. not only 置于句首时,其后的句子用部分倒装,but also 连接的后半句保持正常语序,不倒装”。 Not only can she speak English, but also she can speak French. 她不仅会说英语,还能说法语。 2.完全倒装 倒装条件 例句 表示方位、地点、时间、次序的词,如in, out, up, there, then, here, first等放在句首,若主 语是名词而不是代词时,句子用完全倒装 Here comes the bus. 公交车来了。 Here he comes. 他来了。 分词短语置于句首时,句子用完全倒装 Lying on the couch is an old lady. 躺在睡椅上的是一位老太太。 There be句型是全倒装的一种 There are a number of teachers and students in the school. 在这所学校有很多老师和学生。 作表语的such位于句首时 Such are the most powerful voices of our times!这些就是我们时代的最强音! 【巧学助记】全部倒装并不难,需要记住这几点;位置副词there句首,表语such提句前,介词短语表地点,全部倒装谓在前。 3.so/ neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 【辨析】so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语和neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语的区别 句型 区别 so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 依附于肯定句,表示前边的肯定情况也适合后边的人(物),意为"……也……"。 neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 依附于否定句,表示前边的否定情况也适合后边的人(物),意为"……也不……"。 Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann.汤姆昨晚看电视了,安也看了。 Mary didn’t watch TV last night, neither did Jim.玛丽昨晚没有看电视,吉姆也没看。 1. — Li Ping, I didn’t go summer camping last year. — _________. A.So did I B.Neither did I C.Neither I did D.So I did 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——李平,我去年没有去夏令营。——我也没去。 考查neither+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语的倒装句。So did I我也去过;Neither did I我也没去;So I did我确实去过;“neither+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示“某人也不”。根据“I didn’t go summer camping last year”可知是否定句,故要用“neither”倒装。C项结构与搭配均不对,排除C项。故选B。 2. — Will you go hiking with me next week? — If you go, ________. A.so will I B.so do I C.neither do I D.neither will I 【答案】A 【详解】句意:—— 你下周和我一起去远足吗?—— 如果你去,我也去。 考查倒装句。分析句意可知,下句说的是“我也去。”;根据“so +助动词+ sb.”可知,某人也是如此;再者根据“条件状语从句的主将从现原则”可知,主句用一般将来时,因此助动词用will。故选A。 3. —Sandy likes English best. She reads the texts every day. —________. A.So does Jim B.So Jim does C.So Jim is D.So is Jim 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——桑迪最喜欢英语。她每天都读课文。——吉姆也是。 考查倒装句。此处表达的是“Jim每天也这样”,用so+助动词+sb的结构,reads是动词的三单形式,故助动词用does,故选A。 4. To the west of our school__________ some bookstores and a park. A.lies B.lie C.has D.have 【答案】B 【详解】句意:一些书店和一个公园位于我们学校的西部。 考查动词和主谓一致。lies位于,动词的第三人称单数;lie位于;has有,动词的第三人称单数;have有。地点状语“To the west of our school”位于句首,是全部倒装,句子的主语是“some bookstores and a park”,一些书店和一个公园是复数概念,谓语动词用lie表示“位于”。故选B。 5.(2026·四川南充·模拟预测)Only when you can find peace in your heart ________ good relationships with others. A.will you keep B.you will keep C.you keep D.did you keep 【答案】A 【详解】句意:只有当你的内心找到平静时,你才能与他人保持良好的关系。 考查倒装句和时态。“only+状语从句”置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装,即将助动词/be动词/情态动词提前到主语之前,when引导的时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,A项符合。故选A。 一、单项选择 1.(2026·甘肃定西·一模)________ unforgettable experience I had during the trip to Dunhuang! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 【答案】C 【详解】句意:在去敦煌的旅行中,我拥有了一段多么难忘的经历啊! 考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知,中心词“experience”在句中意为“经历”,是一个可数名词。符合感叹句结构“What (+ a/an) + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语!”。这里“unforgettable”以元音音素开头,所以用不定冠词an。故选C。 2.(2026·上海虹口·一模)_______ useful suggestion the teacher gave me on how to solve this problem! A.What a B.How a C.How D.What 【答案】A 【详解】句意:老师给了我一个多么有用的建议来解决这个问题! 考查感叹句的用法。感叹句通常由What或How引导,What修饰名词,How修饰形容词或副词。本句中“useful suggestion”是“形容词 + 可数名词单数”的结构,中心词是名词suggestion,因此用What a引导,构成“What a+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”的感叹句结构。故选A。 3.(2026·上海松江·一模)___ dramatic progress China has achieved in high-tech industries over the past ten years! A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 【答案】C 【详解】句意:在过去的十年里,中国在高科技产业方面取得了多么巨大的进步啊! 考查感叹句。感叹句有两种结构:What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!和How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!。本句中“dramatic progress”是“形容词+名词”结构,且“progress”是不可数名词,所以前面不用冠词,应该用“What”来引导感叹句。故选C。 4.(2026·上海宝山·一模)________ delighted the team members were when they won first prize in the competition! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 【答案】D 【详解】句意:当他们在比赛中赢得一等奖时,团队成员是多么高兴啊! 考查感叹句结构。本句中被感叹的中心词是形容词“delighted”,因此应使用“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”的感叹句结构。故选D。 5.(2026·上海长宁·一模)The glass is broken. Please be careful with it, ________ it’ll cut your hand. A.and B.but C.so D.or 【答案】D 【详解】句意:玻璃杯碎了。请小心点,否则它会割伤你的手。 考查连词辨析。and和,然后;but但是;so所以;or否则。结合语境可知,第一句告诉对方“玻璃杯碎了”,第二句的前半句提醒对方“要小心点”,后半句在描述“它会割伤你的手”的情景,即在引出如果不“小心点”的负面结果,应用or“否则”与之构成“祈使句+or+陈述句”,用于表达“做……否则就会……”的警告、提醒或建议。故选D。 6.(2026·上海嘉定·一模)If there is any problem with the smart cleaner, ________ the manager directly, please. A.contact B.to contact C.contacting D.contacted 【答案】A 【详解】句意:如果智能清洁器有任何问题,请直接联系经理。 考查祈使句的用法。本句是“if”引导的条件状语从句,主句为祈使句,祈使句需用动词原形开头。B选项是动词不定式,C选项是现在分词,D选项是过去式,均不符合祈使句的结构要求,“contact”(联系)是动词原形,符合语境。故选A。 7. ________ swimming in the river! It’s dangerous! A.Go B.Goes C.Don’t go D.To go 【答案】C 【详解】句意:不要去河里游泳!太危险了! 考查祈使句的否定形式。根据“It’s dangerous”可知是不要去河里游泳,用祈使句的否定形式:Don’t+动词原形。故选C。 8. Be kind to others, ________ you will make more good friends. A.and B.but C.or D.so 【答案】A 【详解】句意:善待他人,这样你就会交到更多好朋友。 考查连词辨析。and 和;并且,表并列或顺承关系;but 但是,表转折关系;or 或者,表选择关系;so 所以,表因果关系。根据 “Be kind to others...you will make more good friends.” 可知,善待他人和交到更多好朋友之间是顺承关系,所以应该用 and 连接。故选 A。 9.(2025·江苏徐州·二模)—Tom will have a birthday party next Sunday. Do you want to go? —If you go, ________. A.so I will B.so will I C.neither will I D.neither I will 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——汤姆下星期天将有一个生日聚会。你想去吗?——如果你去,我也去。 考查部分倒装。当回应一个肯定陈述并表示同样的动作时,英语用“so+助动词+主语”结构。故选B。 10.(2025·江苏常州·三模)—Would your sister go on a trip this weekend? —If she doesn’t go, _________. A.so do I B.so I will C.neither will I D.neither do I 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你姐姐这个周末会去旅行吗?——如果她不去,我也不会去。 考查条件状语从句的主将从现和部分倒装。根据“If she doesn’t go...”可知,if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,此处主句用一般将来时,排除选项A和D;该句表达“我也不去”,neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语,意为“某人也不”。故选C。 11. Look at the photo of Frank’s bedroom. Here ________ a bookcase and a desk, and in the bookcase ________ an alarm clock and some books. A.is, is B.are, are C.is, are D.are, is 【答案】C 【详解】 句意:看这张弗兰克卧室的照片。这是一个书架和一个桌子,在书架上有一个闹钟和一些书。 考查主谓一致。第一空是here be句型,遵循就近原则,空后就近主语为单数,所以用is;第二空是完全倒装句型,主语为“an alarm clock and some books”,是复数,所以用are,故选C。 12. There ________ a lot of famous folk art forms in China. A.is B.are C.has D.have 【答案】B 【详解】句意:在中国有很多著名的民间艺术形式。 考查主谓一致和There be结构。is是,单数;are是,复数;has有,单数;have有,复数。句子主语是“a lot of famous folk art forms”,中心词“forms”为复数,且此处表示“存在”而非“拥有”,应使用there be结构,be动词需用复数形式are。故选B。 13. (2025·云南丽江·一模)—What exciting event will happen in our school next Monday? —There __________ a singing competition in our school. A.is going to have B.will have C.is going to be D.are going to be 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——下周一我们学校会发生什么激动人心的事件?——我们学校将有一场歌唱比赛。 考查there be句型的将来时表达。there be句型表示“存在”,此处是一般将来时,结构是There will be或There is/are going to be,主语a singing competition为单数,be动词需用单数形式is,C项符合。故选C。 14. In the beautiful garden ________ an artificial hill(假山) and some tall trees. A.stand B.stands C.have D.has 【答案】A 【详解】句意:一座人造小山和一些高大的树木耸立在美丽的花园里。 考查主谓一致和倒装句。stand站立;have有。分析句子结构可知,是倒装句,主语“an artificial hill(假山) and some tall trees”是复数,应该是说“小山和树木耸立在花园里”,stand符合句意,且用动词原形;故选A。 15.—Tom finished his work yesterday.    —________, and ________. A.So he did; so did I B.So did he; so I did C.So he did; so I did D.So did he; so did I 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——汤姆昨天完成了他的工作。——他这么做了,我也这么做了。 考查倒装句。第一个空表示肯定对方所述事实,使用结构 “So + 主语 + 助动词”,原句谓语为实义动词,助动词用did,故用 So he did。第二个空:表示“我也一样”,使用结构 “So + 助动词 + 主语”。对方想表达“我也完成了工作”,因此用 so did I。故选A。 二、完成句子 1.洗完手后记得关水龙头。 ________ ________ ________ ________ the tap after you wash your hands. 【答案】 Remember to turn/switch off 【详解】分析句子可知是祈使句,根据中英文对照,此处缺“记得”,“关”,在英文中表达为remember,turn/switch off,remember to do sth表示“记住做某事”,放句首,需大写。故答案为Remember to turn/switch off。 2.(2025·广东广州·二模)总之,神舟十九号本次任务执行地多么成功呀! In a word, ________ ________ ________ task Shenzhou XIX did! 【答案】 what a successful 【详解】此处为感叹句,分析句子结构,符合:what a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓的结构。successful“成功的”,辅音音素开头,因此冠词选择a。故填what;a;successful。 3.未来的生活将会是多么便捷啊! ________ ________ the future life will be! 【答案】 How convenient 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,本句是感叹句。convenient“便捷的”,形容词,所以用How开头来引导感叹句。故填How;convenient。 4. 对于志愿者来说,这是多么难忘的一段经历啊! ________ ________ unforgettable experience ________ ________ for the volunteers! 【答案】 What an it is 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,前两空为感叹句,“unforgettable experience”为表示单数的名词短语,“unforgettable”以元音音素开头,应用“What (a/an)+形容词+名词(+主语+谓语)!”构成感叹句;第三空为主语,“unforgettable experience”为表示单数的名词短语,用代词it作主语;第四空作谓语,根据句意可知,应用系动词be,此句为一般现在时,主语it为第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填What;an;it;is。 5.我的滑板很酷。他的也很酷。 My skateboard is really cool and ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 so is his 【详解】根据中英文提示可知,此处使用“so+be动词+主语”结构,表示“……也一样”;前半句主语是“My skateboard”,be动词是is,后半句主语是“他的滑板”,应用名词性物主代词his指代,be动词用is。故填so;is;his。 6.好消息!我们附近会有一个新的公园供孩子们玩! Good news! ________ ________ ________ a new park for kids to play in our neighborhood! 【答案】 There will be 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空格处缺少“会有”,应用There be句型的一般将来时There will be。故填There;will;be。 7.只有以这种方法我们才能改善环境。(完成译句) Only in this way ________ we ________ the environment. 【答案】 can improve 【详解】根据英汉对照可知,此处缺少“才能改善”,“only+介词短语”放句首,句子部分倒装,即助动词或情态动词放在主语前,根据句意可知,此句用一般现在时,所以用can,意为“能够”,是情态动词,后接动词原形,improve意为“改善”。故填can;improve。 8.史密斯先生不会说日语,我也不会。 Mr. Smith can’t speak Japanese and _______ _______ _______. 【答案】neither can I 【详解】根据题干,缺少的信息为“我也不会”,此处用倒装句“neither+情态动词+主语”,neither本身有否定含义,情态动词仍用can,主语用I。故填neither can I。 9.不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。 ________ ________ too much time ________ computer games. 【答案】 Don't spend playing 【详解】祈使句否定句don’t后跟动词原形;花费时间做某事sb. spend some time doing sth.,祈使句中省略主语you;花费spend用动词原形;玩电脑游戏play computer games,动词用ing形式。故填 Don't spend playing。 10. 如有问题,请在字典中查阅新词。 If you have problems, please ________ ________ the new words in the dictionary. 【答案】 look up 【详解】look up意为“查找”。此处是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主祈从现”的原则,即主句为祈使句,从句用一般现在时态。故填look up。 三、语法选择 请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Zheng Haohao, 12, made history as China’s youngest Olympic skateboarder. While most kids her age were busy 1 school work, she spent her days practicing at the skatepark, studying, and traveling for training. Zheng fell in love with sports early. When she was 7 years old, she tried skateboarding and 2 it amazing. “It’s cooler than roller skating!” she said. Her talent 3 by her coach. In 2020, she finished 13th in a national competition, beating over 60 4 . To prepare for the Paris Olympics, she needed 5 every day, rushing between home, school, and skatepark. She remembered 6 a special trip to Nanjing’s higher-level skatepark helped improve her skills. “I think about skateboarding every second.” she told reporters. But challenges came. During practice, she once broke 7 finger. The great pain made her consider giving up. “I cried, but remembered 8 hard I’d worked,” Zheng recalled. After her hand got better, she bravely returned to training. Her coach praised her spirit: “She’s small but powerful. When others rest, she repeats tricks again and again.” As she boarded the plane to Paris, 9 smiled and said, “Every fall makes me stronger. I’ll skate for my country and fight like a soldier!” With courage and hard work, even the 10 goals can be reached. Zheng’s story teaches us that age can’t hold back dreams. 1.A.with B.in C.on 2.A.find B.found C.will find 3.A.is discovered B.were discovered C.was discovered 4.A.skater B.skaters C.skater's 5.A.train B.training C.to train 6.A.why B.that C.who 7.A.a B.an C.the 8.A.what a B.what an C.how 9.A.she B.her C.hers 10.A.big B.bigger C.biggest 【答案】 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.C 【导语】本文讲述12岁的中国最年轻奥运滑板运动员郑好好克服困难、坚持训练的故事,展现了她勇敢追梦的精神。 1.句意:当大多数同龄孩子忙于学业时,她却每天在滑板公园练习、学习和旅行训练。 with和……一起;in在……里面;on在……上面。be busy with sth.为固定短语,表示“忙于某事”,此处接“school work”,故选A。 2.句意:7岁时她尝试滑板,发现它很神奇。   find发现,动词原形;found发现,过去式;will find将发现,一般将来时。由“When she was 7 years old”可知时态为一般过去时,found符合语境,故选B。 3.句意:她的天赋被教练发现了。    is discovered被发现,一般现在时被动语态,单数;were discovered被发现,一般过去时被动语态,复数;was discovered被发现,一般过去时被动语态,单数。talent为单数主语,与discover构成被动关系,且上下文为一般过去时,被动结构为“was + 过去分词”,故选C。 4.句意:2020年她在全国赛中获第13名,击败60多名滑板选手。    skater滑板选手,单数;skaters滑板选手,复数;skater’s滑板选手的,名词所有格。“over 60”后接可数名词复数,skaters符合语境,故选B。 5.句意:为备战巴黎奥运会,她需要每天训练,在家庭、学校和滑板公园间奔波。    train训练,动词原形;training训练,动名词/现在分词;to train训练,不定式。need to do sth.表示“需要做某事”,此处为不定式作宾语。故选C。 6.句意:她记得去南京高水平滑板公园的特殊之旅帮助提升了技能。   why为什么,疑问词;that引导宾语从句,无实义;who谁,疑问词。remember后接宾语从句,从句结构完整(主谓宾齐全),用that引导,故选B。 7.句意:训练中她曾摔断一根手指。   a不定冠词,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the这个/那个,定冠词,表特指。finger以辅音音素开头,表泛指“一根手指”用不定冠词a,故选A。 8.句意:“我哭了,但想起自己有多努力,”郑回忆道。    what a多么……,感叹句引导词,后接单数可数名词;what an多么……,感叹句引导词,后接单数可数名词,以元音音素开头;how多么……,感叹句引导词,后接形容词或副词。感叹句中,hard为副词,用how引导,结构为“How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语”,故选C。 9.句意:当她登上飞往巴黎的飞机时,她微笑着说:“每次摔倒都让我更强大。”   she她,主格代词;her她的,形容词性物主代词/她,宾格代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词。根据“... smiled and said”可知,此处作主语,需用主格代词she,故选A。 10.句意:只要有勇气和努力,即使最远大的目标也能实现。    big大的,原级;bigger更大的,比较级;biggest最大的,最高级。“even the”后接形容词最高级,biggest符合语境,故选C。 四、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 holiday, cold, important, but, there, dumpling, always, it, celebrate, on, mean, so Winter Solstice (冬至) is the day with the longest night. It comes in December and it is the start of winter. The Chinese Winter Solstice Festival is a very 1 time in China like in other cultures around the world. In fact, 2 is a traditional saying: “Dōngzhì dà rúnián”. It 3 that the winter solstice is as important as the Chinese New Year. So how do people 4 it? People worshiped the gods (拜神) 5 the first day of the winter solstice in China. This tradition could go back to the Zhou Dynasty. 6 the winter solstice only became a winter festival across China in the Han Dynasty. People had a one-day 7 . Like the Chinese New Year, it was a time for happy family reunions. The winter solstice is not a public holiday in modern China any more. But many people still celebrate it. People 8 spend the holiday happily with their family or friends. They also get ready for the coming 9 weather in winter. It is a time for them to eat some delicious dishes such as 10 and Tangyuan. The festival is meaningful for Chinese people. 【答案】 1.important 2.there 3.means 4.celebrate 5.on 6.But 7.holiday 8.always 9.cold 10.dumplings 【导语】本文讲述了中国的冬至节及其重要性。 1.句意:中国的冬至节在中国和世界其他文化中都是一个非常重要的时刻。根据“The Chinese Winter Solstice Festival is a very…time in China like in other cultures around the world”结合备选词可知,冬至是非常重要的时刻,important“重要的”,形容词,修饰名词time。故填important。 2.句意:事实上,有一句传统谚语:“冬至大如年”。根据“In fact,…is a traditional saying: ‘Dōngzhì dà rúnián’”结合备选词可知,指的是有一句传统谚语,there be“有”,表示存在。故填there。 3.句意:它意味着冬至和中国新年一样重要。根据“It…that the winter solstice is as important as the Chinese New Year”结合备选词可知,这句谚语意味着冬至和中国新年一样重要,mean“意味着”,动词,主语是it,句子是一般现在时,故用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 4.句意:那么人们如何庆祝它呢?根据“So how do people…it?”结合备选词可知,指的是庆祝,celebrate“庆祝”,动词,助动词do后用动词原形。故填celebrate。 5.句意:在中国,人们在冬至的第一天拜神。根据“the first day of the winter solstice in China”可知,指的是在第一天,on“在”,介词,后跟具体的一天。故填on。 6.句意:但冬至直到汉朝才成为中国的冬季节日。根据“…the winter solstice only became a winter festival across China in the Han Dynasty”可知,此处表示转折,but“但是”符合语境。故填but。 7.句意:人们有一天的假期。根据“People had a one-day…”结合备选词可知,指的是假期,holiday“假期”,名词,用单数。故填holiday。 8.句意:人们总是愉快地与家人或朋友度过这个节日。根据“People…spend the holiday happily with their family or friends”结合备选词可知,人们总是愉快地与家人或朋友度过这个节日。always“总是”,副词,修饰动词spend。故填always。 9.句意:他们也为即将到来的寒冷天气做准备。根据“They also get ready for the coming…weather in winter”结合备选词可知,指的是寒冷的天气,cold“寒冷的”,形容词,修饰名词weather。故填cold。 10.句意:这是他们吃一些美味菜肴的时候,比如饺子和汤圆。根据“It is a time for them to eat some delicious dishes such as…and Tangyuan”结合备选词可知,指的是饺子,dumpling“饺子”,名词用复数表示泛指。故填dumplings。 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 I’ ll never forget the little boy called Dick. At that time, I worked in a hospital. There was a little girl. She was 1 (bad) ill. The only chance to make her 2 (health) again was a blood transfusion (输血) from her five-year-old brother Dick. The doctor told the boy about that and asked whether he would like 3 (give) his blood to his elder sister. Thinking of his sister, he thought for 4 moment, and took a deep breath. He said, “Yes, I 5 (do) this if it saves her life.” The moment came. His sister was lying on the bed next to him. The boy looked at her and smiled, 6 gradually his face became pale and his smile disappeared. He asked the doctor 7 a low voice, “Doctor, will I start to die right now?” The doctor smiled and said, “Of course not. You’ll be 8 (strong) than before soon.” The little boy thought that if he saved his sister, he would 9 (dead), but he still chose to save her. 10 a brave boy! 【答案】 1.badly 2.healthy 3.to give 4.a 5.will do 6.but 7.in 8.stronger 9.die 10.What 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Dick的小男孩为了救生病的姐姐,勇敢同意输血的故事,展现了他的无私和勇气。 1.句意:有一个小女孩,她病得很严重。空处需用副词修饰形容词“ill”,“bad”的副词形式是“badly”,表示“严重地”。故填badly。 2.句意:唯一能让她恢复健康的机会是从她五岁的弟弟Dick那里输血。“make sb. + adj.” 表示“使某人处于某种状态”,“health”的形容词形式是“healthy”。故填healthy。 3.句意:医生告诉男孩这件事,并问他是否愿意把血输给他的姐姐。“would like to do sth.” 是固定搭配,表示“愿意做某事”。故填to give。 4.句意:想到他的姐姐,他思考了一会儿,深吸了一口气。“for a moment” 是固定搭配,表示“一会儿”。故填a。 5.句意:他说:“是的,如果这能救她的命,我愿意这样做。”根据“Yes, I… (do) this if it saves her life.”可知,“if”引导条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时“will do”。故填will do。 6.句意:男孩看着她笑了,但他的脸色逐渐变得苍白,笑容也消失了。根据“The boy looked at her and smiled, …gradually his face became pale and his smile disappeared.”可知,前后句意存在转折关系,用连词“but”连接。故填but。 7.句意:他用低沉的声音问医生:“医生,我现在就会死吗?”“in a low voice”是固定搭配,表示“用低沉的声音”。故填in。 8.句意:医生笑着说:“当然不会,你很快就会比之前更健壮。”根据“than before”可知,此处需用形容词比较级“stronger”。故填stronger。 9.句意:小男孩以为如果救了姐姐,他自己就会死,但他仍然选择救她。“would”后接动词原形,“dead”的动词形式是“die”。故填die。 10.句意:多么勇敢的男孩啊!此处是感叹句,修饰名词“boy”,用“What”引导。故填What。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题16  特殊句型(祈使句、感叹句、there be、倒装句)(复习讲义)(广东专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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专题16  特殊句型(祈使句、感叹句、there be、倒装句)(复习讲义)(广东专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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