Unit 4 Breaking boundaries Developing ideas 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Book 5 Unit 4 Breaking Boundaries Developing Ideas 阅读单词 1.slave　　　　　 n.    2.confederate adj.    3.conceive v.    4.battlefield n.    5.consecrate v.    6.hallow v.    7.detract v.    奴隶 (美国内战期间)南部联邦的 构想,设想 战场 宣布……为神圣之处 使成为神圣 减低,破坏,损害 核心单词 1. v.致力于,献身于 2. v.持续存在 3. n.一部分 4. adv.完全 5. v.死亡 dedicate endure portion altogether perish 运用词汇 1.mount v.走上,登上→ n.大量;山脉→   adj.多山的 2.union n.联邦;联合,结合→ n.团聚;重逢;团圆;再联合→ v.联合;团结→ adj.联合的;统一的 3.civil adj.公民的,国民的→ adj.平民的;百姓的;民用的 n.平民,百姓→ n.文明;文明社会→ adj.文明的,开化的 mountain mountainous   reunion unite united civilian civilisation civilised 4.division n.分歧,分裂→ v.分割;分配→ adj.分裂的 5.liberty n.自由→ adj.自由的;自由主义的 6.nobly adv.高尚地,崇高地→ adj.高尚的,崇高的 7.influential adj.有影响力的→ n.& v.影响 8.communist adj.共产主义的→ n.共产主义 divide divided liberal noble influence communism 重点词块及句型 1. 　　 为了纪念…… 2. 深陷内战中 3. 付出巨大的代价 4. 为……而受苦 5. 展望未来 in memory of be deep in a civil war at a great cost suffer for look to the future 6. 使产生,使出现 7. 致力于,献身于 8. 从事;忙于 9. 在很大程度上 10. 白白地;徒劳无益;白费力气 bring forth be dedicated to be engaged in in a large sense in vain Do you know what these pictures are about? Slavery(奴隶制) slave/black people slave owner beat Look and Learn When it comes to slavery, what comes into your mind? AbrahamLincoln black and white cruelty equal Uncle Tom’s Cabin (汤姆叔叔的小屋) the Civil War Slavery Let’s watch a video and learn more about slavery! 1. How did slave owners regard their slaves? 2. What was a slave's life like? cheap labour 廉价劳动力 colony 殖民地 endure 忍受 忍耐 back-breaking 使人疲劳至极的 plantation 种植园 abuse 虐待 legal 合法的 miserable 悲惨的 1. How did slave owners regard their slaves? 2. What was a slave’s life like? They didn’t regard them as humans but as animals, without respecting them. Daily life for a slave involved backbreaking labour. Slaves had to work all day long without enough rest. They were often physically abused by their owners and had no legal rights. 萨凡纳 查尔斯顿 威尔明顿 詹姆斯敦 巴尔的摩 费城 纽约 波士顿 大 西 洋 The North： Capitalist industry and commerce 资本主义工商业 The South： Slave-owning plantation economy 奴隶主种植园经济 The contradictions between the two economic systems 13 The expansion of slavery Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States of America, the leader who successfully prosecuted(发动) the Civil War to preserve the nation. He played in key role in passage of the Thirteenth Amendment(修正案), which ended slavery in America. On November 19, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln gave the speech, which later became known as the Gettysburg Address, at the dedication(落成仪式) of a cemetery(公墓) for the soldiers who had died during the Battle of Gettysburg. Now let's read the passage to learn more about the famous speech. Read for background information (背景) Look at the title and skim the passage. Choose the book in which you would most likely find the passage. A．The Power of Speech. B．Famous US Presidents. C．Great Battles in History. √ 2 Pre-reading Parts Paragraphs Part 1 Para. 1 Part 2 Para. 2 Part 3 Para. 3 Part 4 Paras. 4-6 Brief introduction to the speech The background(背景) of the speech The significance(意义) of the speech “The Gettysburg Address(speech)” by Abraham Lincoln Read for the main idea and structure(结构) Main idea divided The Words That Changed a Nation equal engaged of by for Reading for basic information of the speech The Gettysburg Address（speech） Speaker: Abraham Lincoln para.1 Setting (date& place&person): para.2 Background event: para.3 Significance of the speech: Read para.1-3 Para. 1 Brief introduction to the speech The Gettysburg Address Speaker: Abraham Lincoln Setting (date & place): Background event: Significance of the speech: November 19, 1863 a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania The background(背景) of the speech Para. 2 The Gettysburg Address Speaker: Abraham Lincoln Setting (date& place): Background event: Significance of the speech: November 19, 1863 a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania America was bitterly divided and its people had been deep in a civil war. The significance(意义) of the speech Para. 3 The Gettysburg Address Speaker: Abraham Lincoln Setting (date& place): Background event: Significance of the speech: November 19, 1863 a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania America was bitterly divided and its people had been deep in a civil war. His speech gave them hope, belief and a reason to the future. He gave them a new vision of ... years before. Organise information from the passage and complete the notes.(Page 61) Read for details(细节) “The Gettysburg Address(speech)” by Abraham Lincoln Paras. 4-6 How did Lincoln describe the founding of the US? It was a new nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Para.4 Careful-reading 27 What challenges did the Civil War bring to the nation? It would test whether a nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal can long endure. Para.5 Careful-reading 28 How did Lincoln describe the men who fought in the war? They gave their lives so that their nation might live. They were brave men whose struggles had consecrated the ground. Para.5 Careful-reading What was the “great task” that Lincoln described? That this nation shall have a new birth of freedom; and that this government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. Para.6 Careful-reading Read for details(细节) Para. 6 Who would be responsible for carrying out this task? 我们应该把自己奉献于在我们面前的伟大事业 ——从这些光荣的逝者身上汲取更多的信仰，来投身于他们为之竭尽最后一丝力量的事业——我们在这里下最大的决心，不让逝者白白失去生命，要让国家获得自由的新生，要使民有、民治、民享的政府永存。 The living should be dedicated to the task. 1 What was Lincoln’s purpose in giving the speech? He wanted to give the people hope, belief and a reason to look tothe future. Think share 2 Lincoln talked about government “of the people, by the people, for the people”. What does this mean? “of the people” means that government should be made up of or drawn from the people; “by the people” means that government should be run by ordinary people; “for the people” means that government should use its power for the people’s benefit. Think share 介词 清楚而简洁 What is the meaning of this phrases: “government of the people, by the people, for the people”. The government should be made up of the people; The government should be run/managed by ordinary people; The government should use its power for the people’s benefits. 这个民有、民治、民享的政府。 Think and share 1. What other speeches can you think of that stress the importance of breaking boundaries? 2. What efforts to break boundaries are described in the two reading passages in this unit? Think & Share Possible answer for 2: In the first passage, doctors or other people of different backgrounds worked together to save people in danger. In the second passage, Lincoln called on the people of the United States to strive for a free nation where all men are equal. Possible answer for 1: Students' opinions Examples of famous speeches that emphasize the importance of breaking boundaries include Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" and John F. Kennedy's "Ask Not What Your Country Can Do for You." ‌ In "I Have a Dream," Martin Luther King emphasized the importance of breaking down racial boundaries and calling for the realization of the dream that all men are created equal. In his speech, Albert Einstein mentioned that the development of science should not only be applied to technology, but should be concerned with the fate and happiness of mankind itself. In his book Ask Not What Your Country Can Do for You, John F. Kennedy encouraged people to rise above self-interest and work together for human freedom and progress. These speeches not only had a profound impact at the time, but continue to inspire people today to push boundaries and pursue a better future. 著名的演讲中强调打破界限的重要性的例子包括马丁·路德·金的《我有一个梦》和约翰·肯尼迪的《不要问国家能为你们做些什么》等。‌ 马丁·路德·金在《我有一个梦》中强调了打破种族隔离界限的重要性，呼吁实现人人生而平等的梦想。阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦在演讲中提到，科学的发展不应仅仅应用于技术，而应关注人类本身的命运和幸福。约翰·肯尼迪在《不要问国家能为你们做些什么》中鼓励人们超越个人利益，共同为人类的自由和进步努力。 这些演讲不仅在当时产生了深远的影响，而且至今仍激励着人们不断突破界限，追求更美好的未来。 Think share Post-Reading Think about some contradictions appearing in the War. The unfinished task The promising future People Feeling Economy Nation The slaves The slave-owners The dead The living Hopeless and sad Hopeful and determined Suffering Freedom Slave-owning plantation economy Capitalist industry and commerce Inefficient Developed The ideal The Civil War Divided nation United nation The black The white Inequal Equal ? The American Civil War succeeded in maintaining the Union, abolishing slavery, strengthening the federal government, and modernizing the U.S. economy. Slavery was abolished Racial discrimination still existed The modern civil rights movement in the 1960s Martin Luther King I have a dream The problems 林肯葛底斯堡演说 Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 八十七年以前，我们的祖先在这大陆上建立了一个国家，它孕育于自由，并且献身给一种理念，即所有人都是生来平等的。 Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. 当前，我们正在从事一次伟大的内战，我们在考验，究竟这个国家，或任何一个有这种主张和这种信仰的国家，是否能长久存在。 We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. 我们在那次战争的一个伟大的战场上集会。我们来到这里，奉献那个战场上的一部分土地，作为在此地为那个国家的生存而牺牲了自己生命的人的永久眠息之所。我们这样做，是十分合情合理的。 But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. 可是，就更深一层意义而言，我们是无从奉献这片土地的--无从使它成为圣地--也不能把它变为人们景仰之所。 The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. 那些在这里战斗的勇士，活着的和死去的，已使这块土地神圣化了，远非我们的菲薄能力所能左右。世人会不大注意，更不会长久记得我们在此地所说的话，然而他们将永远忘不了这些人在这里所做的事。相反，我们活着的人应该献身于那些曾在此作战的人们所英勇推动而尚未完成的工作。 It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. 我们应该在此献身于我们面前所留存的伟大工作--由于他们的光荣牺牲，我们要更坚定地致力于他们曾作最后全部贡献的那个事业--我们在此立志宣誓，不能让他们白白死去--要使这个国家在上帝的庇佑之下，得到新生的自由--要使那民有、民治、民享的政府不致从地球上消失。 林肯葛底斯堡演说英文原稿： 林肯葛底斯堡英文演说 Surf the Internet to watch the video and look through the speech I have a Dream and try to learn more about its historical background, significance and the language styles and give a speech next class. 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